Bagian ini membahas cara mengonfigurasi pencadangan dan pemulihan data untuk cincin database Apache Cassandra yang terinstal di bidang runtime hybrid Apigee. Lihat juga Database Cassandra.
Yang perlu Anda ketahui tentang pencadangan Cassandra
Cassandra adalah {i>database<i} replika yang dikonfigurasi untuk memiliki minimal 3 salinan data di setiap region atau pusat data. Cassandra menggunakan replikasi streaming dan membaca perbaikan untuk memelihara replika data di setiap region atau pusat data pada titik tertentu.
Dalam hybrid, pencadangan Cassandra tidak diaktifkan secara default. Ini adalah praktik yang baik, namun, untuk mengaktifkan pencadangan Cassandra jika data Anda tidak sengaja terhapus.
Apa yang dicadangkan?
Konfigurasi pencadangan yang dijelaskan dalam topik ini mencadangkan entitas:
- Skema Cassandra termasuk skema pengguna (definisi keyspace Apigee)
- Informasi token partisi Cassandra per node
- Ringkasan data Cassandra
Di mana data cadangan disimpan?
Data yang dicadangkan disimpan dalam bucket Google Cloud Storage (GCS) yang harus dibuat. Pembuatan dan konfigurasi bucket dibahas dalam topik ini.
Menjadwalkan pencadangan Cassandra
Pencadangan dijadwalkan sebagai cron job di bidang runtime. Untuk menjadwalkan Cadangan Cassandra:
- Jalankan
create-service-account
berikut command line Cloud Shell untuk membuat akun layanan (SA) GCP dengan Peranroles/storage.objectAdmin
. Peran SA ini memungkinkan Anda menulis data cadangan ke Google Cloud Storage (GCS). Jalankan perintah berikut di penginstalan hybrid direktori {i>root<i}:./tools/create-service-account apigee-cassandra output-dir
Contoh:./tools/create-service-account apigee-cassandra ./service-accounts
Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang akun layanan GCP, lihat Membuat dan mengelola akun layanan. - Perintah
create-service-account
menyimpan file JSON yang berisi kunci pribadi akun layanan Anda. File disimpan di direktori yang sama tempat perintah dijalankan. Anda akan memerlukan jalur ke file ini dalam langkah-langkah berikut. - Buat bucket GCS. Tentukan retensi data yang wajar untuk bucket. Apigee merekomendasikan retensi data kebijakan 15 hari.
- Buka file
overrides.yaml
. - Tambahkan properti
cassandra.backup
berikut untuk mengaktifkan pencadangan. Larangan menghapus properti apa pun yang sudah dikonfigurasi.cassandra: ... backup: enabled: true serviceAccountPath: sa_json_file_path dbStorageBucket: gcs_bucket_path schedule: backup_schedule_code ...
Di mana:Properti Deskripsi enabled
Pencadangan dinonaktifkan secara default. Anda harus menyetel ini properti ke true
serviceAccountPath
Jalur di sistem file Anda ke akun layanan File JSON yang didownload saat Anda menjalankan ./tools/create-service-account
dbStorageBucket
Jalur bucket penyimpanan GCS dalam format ini: gs://bucket_name
.gs://
wajib diisi.schedule
Waktu mulai pencadangan, yang ditentukan dalam sintaksis crontab standar. Default: 0 2 * * *
Catatan: Hindari menjadwalkan pencadangan yang dimulai dalam waktu singkat setelah Anda menerapkan konfigurasi pencadangan ke cluster Anda. Saat Anda menerapkan konfigurasi pencadangan, Kubernetes akan membuat ulang Node Cassandra. Jika pencadangan dimulai sebelum node dimulai ulang (mungkin beberapa menit) pencadangan akan gagal.
... cassandra: storage: type: gcepd capacity: 50Gi gcepd: replicationType: regional-pd sslRootCAPath: "/Users/myhome/ssh/cassandra.crt" sslCertPath: "/Users/myhome/ssh/cassandra.crt" sslKeyPath: "/Users/myhome/ssh/cassandra.key" auth: default: password: "abc123" admin: password: "abc234" ddl: password: "abc345" dml: password: "abc456" nodeSelector: key: cloud.google.com/gke-nodepool value: apigee-data backup: enabled: true serviceAccountPath: "/Users/myhome/.ssh/my_cassandra_backup.json" dbStorageBucket: "gs://myname-cassandra-backup" schedule: "45 23 * * 6" ...
- Terapkan perubahan konfigurasi ke cluster baru. Contoh:
./apigeectl apply -c cassandra -f my-overrides.yaml
Memulihkan cadangan
Pemulihan mengambil data dari lokasi pencadangan dan memulihkannya ke dalam gugus Cassandra baru dengan jumlah pod. Cluster baru harus memiliki namespace yang berbeda dari cluster bidang runtime.
Untuk memulihkan cadangan Cassandra:
- Buat cluster Kubernetes baru dengan namespace baru. Anda tidak dapat menggunakan cluster/namespace yang Anda gunakan untuk instalasi hybrid asli.
- Di direktori penginstalan root hybrid, buat file
overrides-restore.yaml
baru. - Salin konfigurasi Cassandra lengkap dari
overrides.yaml
asli Anda ke file yang baru. - Tambahkan elemen namespace. Jangan gunakan namespace yang sama dengan yang digunakan untuk file asli .
- Buat cluster Cassandra baru:
./apigeectl apply -c cassandra -f ./overrides-restore.yaml
namespace: your-restore-namespace cassandra: storage: type: gcepd capacity: 50Gi gcepd: replicationType: regional-pd nodeSelector: key: cloud.google.com/gke-nodepool value: apigee-data sslRootCAPath: path_to_root_ca_file sslCertPath: path_to_ssl_cert_file sslKeyPath: path_to_ssl_key_file auth: default: password: your_cassandra_password admin: password: admin_password ddl: password: ddl_password dml: password: dml_password restore: enabled: true snapshotTimestamp: timestamp serviceAccountPath: sa_json_file_path dbStorageBucket: gcs_bucket_path image: pullPolicy: AlwaysDi mana:
Properti | Deskripsi |
---|---|
ssl*Path , auth.* |
Gunakan kredensial autentikasi TLS yang sama dengan yang Anda gunakan untuk membuat {i>database<i} Cassandra asli. |
snapshotTimestamp |
Stempel waktu pencadangan untuk memulihkan snapshot. |
serviceAccountPath |
Jalur pada sistem file Anda ke akun layanan yang Anda buat untuk cadangan. |
dbStorageBucket |
jalur bucket penyimpanan GCS tempat
cadangan Anda disimpan, dalam
format: gs://bucket_name . gs:// wajib diisi. |
namespace: cassandra-restore cassandra: storage: type: gcepd capacity: 50Gi gcepd: replicationType: regional-pd sslRootCAPath: "/Users/myhome/ssh/cassandra.crt" sslCertPath: "/Users/myhome/ssh/cassandra.crt" sslKeyPath: "/Users/myhome/ssh/cassandra.key" auth: default: password: "abc123" admin: password: "abc234" ddl: password: "abc345" dml: password: "abc456" nodeSelector: key: cloud.google.com/gke-nodepool value: apigee-data restore: enabled: true snapshotTimestamp: "20190417002207" serviceAccountPath: "/Users/myhome/.ssh/my_cassandra_backup.json" dbStorageBucket: "gs://myname-cassandra-backup" image: pullPolicy: Always
Dengan snapshotTimestamp
adalah stempel waktu yang terkait dengan
cadangan yang Anda pulihkan.
Melihat log pemulihan
Anda dapat memeriksa log tugas pemulihan dan grep untuk error
guna memastikan
log pemulihan tidak memiliki error.
Memverifikasi bahwa pemulihan telah selesai
Untuk memeriksa apakah operasi pemulihan telah selesai:
kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE apigee-cassandra-0 1/1 Running 0 1h apigee-cassandra-1 1/1 Running 0 1h apigee-cassandra-2 1/1 Running 0 59m apigee-cassandra-restore-b4lgf 0/1 Completed 0 51m
Melihat log pemulihan
Untuk melihat log pemulihan:
kubectl logs -f apigee-cassandra-restore-b4lgf Restore Logs: Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] to download file gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1/backup_20190405011309_schema.tgz INFO: download sucessfully extracted the backup files from gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 finished downloading schema.cql to create schema from 10.32.0.28 Warnings : dclocal_read_repair_chance table option has been deprecated and will be removed in version 4.0 dclocal_read_repair_chance table option has been deprecated and will be removed in version 4.0 Warnings : dclocal_read_repair_chance table option has been deprecated and will be removed in version 4.0 dclocal_read_repair_chance table option has been deprecated and will be removed in version 4.0 INFO: the schema has been restored starting apigee-cassandra-0 in default starting apigee-cassandra-1 in default starting apigee-cassandra-2 in default 84 95 106 waiting on waiting nodes $pid to finish 84 Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] INFO: restore downloaded tarball and extracted the file from gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 INFO: restore downloaded tarball and extracted the file from gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 INFO: restore downloaded tarball and extracted the file from gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 INFO 12:02:28 Configuration location: file:/etc/cassandra/cassandra.yaml …... INFO 12:02:41 [Stream #e013ee80-5863-11e9-8458-353e9e3cb7f9] All sessions completed Summary statistics: Connections per host : 3 Total files transferred : 2 Total bytes transferred : 0.378KiB Total duration : 5048 ms Average transfer rate : 0.074KiB/s Peak transfer rate : 0.075KiB/s progress: [/10.32.1.155]0:1/1 100% 1:1/1 100% [/10.32.0.28]1:1/1 100% 0:1/1 100% [/10.32.3.220]0:1/1 100% 1:1/1 100% total: 100% 0.000KiB/s (avg: 0.074KiB/s) INFO 12:02:41 [Stream #e013ee80-5863-11e9-8458-353e9e3cb7f9] All sessions completed progress: [/10.32.1.155]0:1/1 100% 1:1/1 100% [/10.32.0.28]1:1/1 100% 0:1/1 100% [/10.32.3.220]0:1/1 100% 1:1/1 100% total: 100% 0.000KiB/s (avg: 0.074KiB/s) INFO 12:02:41 [Stream #e013ee80-5863-11e9-8458-353e9e3cb7f9] All sessions completed INFO 12:02:41 [Stream #e013ee80-5863-11e9-8458-353e9e3cb7f9] All sessions completed INFO: ./apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks1/user-9fbae960571411e99652c7b15b2db6cc restored successfully INFO: Restore 20190405011309 completed INFO: ./apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks1/user-9fbae960571411e99652c7b15b2db6cc restored successfully INFO: Restore 20190405011309 completed waiting on waiting nodes $pid to finish 106 Restore finished
Memverifikasi tugas pencadangan
Anda juga dapat memverifikasi tugas pencadangan setelah cronjob pencadangan Anda dijadwalkan. Sesudah {i>cronjob<i} telah dijadwalkan, Anda akan melihat sesuatu seperti ini:
kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE apigee-cassandra-0 1/1 Running 0 2h apigee-cassandra-1 1/1 Running 0 2h apigee-cassandra-2 1/1 Running 0 2h apigee-cassandra-backup-1554515580-pff6s 0/1 Running 0 54s
Memeriksa log pencadangan
Tugas pencadangan:
- Membuat file
schema.cql
. - Menguploadnya ke bucket penyimpanan Anda.
- Menggemakan {i>node<i} untuk mencadangkan data dan mengunggahnya di perangkat lain di waktu yang sama.
- Menunggu hingga semua data diupload.
kubectl logs -f apigee-cassandra-backup-1554515580-pff6s myusername-macbookpro:cassandra-backup-utility myusername$ kubectl logs -f apigee-cassandra-backup-1554577680-f9sc4 starting apigee-cassandra-0 in default starting apigee-cassandra-1 in default starting apigee-cassandra-2 in default 35 46 57 waiting on process 35 Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] Requested creating snapshot(s) for [all keyspaces] with snapshot name [20190406190808] and options {skipFlush=false} Snapshot directory: 20190406190808 INFO: backup created cassandra snapshot 20190406190808 tar: Removing leading `/' from member names /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks1/mytest3-37bc2df0587811e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks1/mytest3-37bc2df0587811e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks1/mytest3-37bc2df0587811e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Data.db Requested creating snapshot(s) for [all keyspaces] with snapshot name [20190406190808] and options {skipFlush=false} Requested creating snapshot(s) for [all keyspaces] with snapshot name [20190406190808] and options {skipFlush=false} Snapshot directory: 20190406190808 INFO: backup created cassandra snapshot 20190406190808 tar: Removing leading `/' from member names /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/hints-2666e20573ef38b390fefecf96e8f0c7/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/hints-2666e20573ef38b390fefecf96e8f0c7/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/hints-2666e20573ef38b390fefecf96e8f0c7/snapshots/20190406190808/manifest.json /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/prepared_statements-18a9c2576a0c3841ba718cd529849fef/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/prepared_statements-18a9c2576a0c3841ba718cd529849fef/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/prepared_statements-18a9c2576a0c3841ba718cd529849fef/snapshots/20190406190808/manifest.json /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/range_xfers-55d764384e553f8b9f6e676d4af3976d/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/range_xfers-55d764384e553f8b9f6e676d4af3976d/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/range_xfers-55d764384e553f8b9f6e676d4af3976d/snapshots/20190406190808/manifest.json /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/peer_events-59dfeaea8db2334191ef109974d81484/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/peer_events-59dfeaea8db2334191ef109974d81484/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/peer_events-59dfeaea8db2334191ef109974d81484/snapshots/20190406190808/manifest.json /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/built_views-4b3c50a9ea873d7691016dbc9c38494a/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/built_views-4b3c50a9ea873d7691016dbc9c38494a/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/system/built_views-4b3c50a9ea873d7691016dbc9c38494a/snapshots/20190406190808/manifest.json …… /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/ /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-Filter.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-CompressionInfo.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-Index.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-Statistics.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-Data.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Index.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Statistics.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-TOC.txt /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-Statistics.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Summary.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Filter.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-Summary.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-Index.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/manifest.json /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-Filter.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-2-big-Digest.crc32 /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-Summary.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-Data.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-TOC.txt /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/schema.cql /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-CompressionInfo.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Digest.crc32 /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-TOC.txt /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-Data.db /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-3-big-Digest.crc32 /apigee/data/cassandra/data/ks2/user-d6d39d70586311e98e8d875b0ed64754/snapshots/20190406190808/mc-1-big-CompressionInfo.db …… /tmp/tokens.txt / [1 files][ 0.0 B/ 0.0 B] Operation completed over 1 objects. / [1 files][ 0.0 B/ 0.0 B] Operation completed over 1 objects. INFO: backup created tarball and transfered the file to gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 INFO: removing cassandra snapshot INFO: backup created tarball and transfered the file to gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 INFO: removing cassandra snapshot Requested clearing snapshot(s) for [all keyspaces] INFO: Backup 20190406190808 completed waiting on process 46 Requested clearing snapshot(s) for [all keyspaces] INFO: Backup 20190406190808 completed Requested clearing snapshot(s) for [all keyspaces] waiting on process 57 INFO: Backup 20190406190808 completed waiting result to get schema from 10.32.0.28 INFO: /tmp/schema.cql has been generated Activated service account credentials for: [apigee-cassandra-backup-svc@gce-myusername.iam.gserviceaccount.com] tar: removing leading '/' from member names tmp/schema.cql Copying from... / [1 files][ 0.0 B/ 0.0 B] Operation completed over 1 objects. INFO: backup created tarball and transfered the file to gs://gce-myusername-apigee-cassandra-backup/apigeecluster/dc-1 finished uploading schema.cql