Google Cloud は、インスタンスのグループを対象としたロード バランシングと自動スケーリングを行うことができます。
ロード バランシング
Google Cloud では、サーバー側でロード バランシングが行われるため、受信したトラフィックを複数の仮想マシン（VM）インスタンスに分散できます。ロード バランシングには、次の利点があります。
アプリケーションのスケーリング
重い負荷への対応
ヘルスチェックによる正常でない VM インスタンスの検出と自動的な除外（正常な状態に復帰したインスタンスは自動的に元どおりに追加されます）
最も近い位置にある仮想マシンへのトラフィックの振り分け
Google Cloud のロード バランシングでは、転送ルールリソースを使用して特定の種類のトラフィックを照合し、ロードバランサに転送します。
たとえば、転送ルールによって IP アドレス 192.0.2.1 のポート 80 宛ての TCP トラフィックを照合し、それをロードバランサに転送してから、健全性の高い VM インスタンスに送信できます。
Google Cloud ロード バランシングはマネージド サービスです。このため、コンポーネントに冗長性があり、高い可用性を実現しています。ロード バランシングのコンポーネントに障害が発生すると、そのコンポーネントは直ちに自動的に再起動または交換されます。
[[["わかりやすい","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["問題の解決に役立った","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["その他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["わかりにくい","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["情報またはサンプルコードが不正確","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["必要な情報 / サンプルがない","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻訳に関する問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["その他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最終更新日 2025-09-03 UTC。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eGoogle Cloud offers server-side load balancing to distribute incoming traffic across multiple virtual machine instances, ensuring high availability and scalability.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe load balancing service uses forwarding rules to direct specific types of traffic to a load balancer, which then routes it to healthy VM instances.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAutoscaling in Compute Engine automatically adjusts the number of VM instances in a managed instance group based on various factors such as CPU utilization, Cloud Monitoring metrics, schedules, or load balancing serving capacity.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eGoogle Cloud's autoscaling feature can scale based on the serving capacity of the instance group, defined in the load balancer's backend service, which can use either utilization or requests per second as metrics.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["*** ** * ** ***\n\nGoogle Cloud offers load balancing and autoscaling for\n[groups of instances](/compute/docs/instance-groups).\n\nLoad balancing\n\nGoogle Cloud offers server-side load balancing so you can distribute\nincoming traffic across multiple virtual machine (VM) instances. Load\nbalancing provides the following benefits:\n\n- Scale your app\n- Support heavy traffic\n- Detect and automatically remove unhealthy VM instances using [health checks](/load-balancing/docs/health-check-concepts). Instances that become healthy again are automatically re-added.\n- Route traffic to the closest virtual machine\n\nGoogle Cloud load balancing uses forwarding rule\nresources to match certain types of traffic and forward it to a load balancer.\nFor example, a forwarding rule can match TCP traffic destined to port 80 on IP\naddress `192.0.2.1`, then forward it to a load balancer, which then directs\nit to healthy VM instances.\n\nGoogle Cloud load balancing is a managed service, which means its\ncomponents are redundant and highly available. If a load balancing component\nfails, it is restarted or replaced automatically and immediately.\n\nGoogle Cloud offers several different types of load balancing that\ndiffer in\ncapabilities, usage scenarios, and how you configure them. See\n[Google Cloud load balancing documentation](/load-balancing/docs)\nfor descriptions.\n\nAutoscaling\n\nCompute Engine offers autoscaling to automatically add or remove VM\ninstances from a\n[managed instance group (MIG)](/compute/docs/instance-groups#managed_instance_groups)\nbased on increases or decreases in load. Autoscaling lets your apps gracefully\nhandle increases in traffic, and it reduces cost when the need for resources is\nlower. You can autoscale a MIG based on its CPU utilization, Cloud Monitoring\nmetrics, schedules, or load balancing serving capacity.\n\nWhen you set up an autoscaler to scale based on load balancing serving capacity,\nthe autoscaler watches the serving capacity of an instance group and scales\nwhen the VM instances are over or under capacity. The serving capacity of an\ninstance can be defined in the load balancer's\n[backend service](/load-balancing/docs/backend-service) and can be\nbased on either utilization or requests per second. For more information, see\n[Scaling based on load balancing serving capacity](/compute/docs/autoscaler/scaling-load-balancing).\n\nTo learn more about autoscaling, see [Autoscaling groups of instances](/compute/docs/autoscaler).\n\nWhat's next\n\n- Learn more about [instance groups](/compute/docs/instance-groups).\n- Learn how to [autoscale managed instance groups](/compute/docs/autoscaler) based on:\n - [CPU utilization](/compute/docs/autoscaler/scaling-cpu)\n - [Load balancing serving capacity](/compute/docs/autoscaler/scaling-load-balancing)\n - [Monitoring metrics](/compute/docs/autoscaler/scaling-stackdriver-monitoring-metrics)\n - [Schedules](/compute/docs/autoscaler/scaling-schedules)\n- Learn how to [choose a load balancer](/load-balancing/docs/choosing-load-balancer) and\n - How to [set up an external Application Load Balancer](/load-balancing/docs/https/setting-up-https)\n - How to [set up an external passthrough Network Load Balancer](/load-balancing/docs/network/setting-up-network)"]]
