This document describes the features of the Compute Engine general-purpose machine family, which has the best price-performance with the most flexible vCPU to memory ratios, and provides features that target most standard and cloud-native workloads.
The general-purpose machine family has predefined and custom machine types to align with your workload, depending on your requirements.
C4 and N4 are powered by the 5th generation Intel Xeon Scalable processor (code-named Emerald Rapids). C4 offers a sustained, all-core turbo frequency of 3.1 GHz, 1.5 TB of DDR5 memory, and supports up to 200 Gbps of per VM Tier_1 networking performance. N4 offers a sustained, all-core turbo frequency of 2.9 GHz, 640 GB of DDR5 memory, and up to 50 Gbps of standard network bandwidth.
C3 is powered by 4th generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors and offers a sustained, all-core turbo frequency of 3.0 GHz, 8 channels of DDR5 memory, and up to 200 Gbps per VM Tier_1 networking performance. C3D is powered by 4th generation AMD EPYC Genoa processors and offers a sustained, all-core turbo frequency of 3.3 GHz, 2,880 GB of DDR5 memory, and up to 200 Gbps per VM Tier_1 networking performance.
For bare metal machine types, choose the C3 machine series.
All third and fourth generation general purpose VMs support Titanium.
E2, E2 shared-core, N2, N2D, Tau T2A, and Tau T2D are second generation machine series in this family; N1 and its related shared-core machine types are the first generation machine series.
Machine series | Workloads |
---|---|
N4, N2, N2D, N1 |
|
C4, C3, C3D |
|
E2 |
|
Tau T2A, Tau T2D |
|
To learn how your selection affects the performance of Persistent Disk volumes attached to your VMs, see Configure your Persistent Disk and VMs.
C4 machine series
C4 VMs are powered by 5th generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (code-named Emerald Rapids) and Titanium. The C4 machine series is designed to deliver price-performance and enterprise-grade reliability along with a maintenance experience for your most demanding workloads.
Appropriate workloads include web and app serving, game servers, databases and caches, video streaming, data analytics, network appliances, and CPU-based ML inference.
C4 VMs are designed to achieve maximum performance from single-core turbo
boosting. You can disable vCPU boosting and limit the vCPUs to the long term
sustainable all-core-turbo frequency for more consistent vCPU performance. You
can do this by setting turboMode=ALL_CORE_MAX
in the
AdvancedMachineFeatures
settings.
In summary, the C4 machine series:
- Is powered by 5th generation Intel Emerald Rapids processor and Titanium processors
- Lets you switch between core-boosting performance and steady all-core turbo performance for your vCPUs.
- Supports up to 192 vCPUs and 1.5 TB of DDR5 memory
- Offers multiple predefined machine types
- Supports standard network configuration with up to 100 Gbps bandwidth
- Supports per VM Tier_1 networking performance with up to 200 Gbps bandwidth
- Supports Intel Advanced Matrix Extensions (AMX), a built-in accelerator that significantly improves the performance of deep-learning training and inference on the CPU.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Supports the performance monitoring unit (PMU).
C4 machine types
C4 VMs are available as predefined configurations in sizes ranging from 2 vCPUs to 192 vCPUs and up to 1,488 GB of memory.
standard
: 3.75 GB memory per vCPUhighcpu
: 2 GB memory per vCPUhighmem
: 7.75 GB memory per vCPU
C4 standard
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c4-standard-2 |
2 | 7 | Up to 10 | N/A |
c4-standard-4 |
4 | 15 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-standard-8 |
8 | 30 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-standard-16 |
16 | 60 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-standard-32 |
32 | 120 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-standard-48 |
48 | 180 | Up to 34 | Up to 50 |
c4-standard-96 |
96 | 360 | Up to 67 | Up to 100 |
c4-standard-192 |
192 | 720 | Up to 100 | Up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C4 highcpu
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c4-highcpu-2 |
2 | 4 | Up to 10 | N/A |
c4-highcpu-4 |
4 | 8 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highcpu-8 |
8 | 16 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highcpu-16 |
16 | 32 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highcpu-32 |
32 | 64 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highcpu-48 |
48 | 96 | Up to 34 | Up to 25 |
c4-highcpu-96 |
96 | 192 | Up to 67 | Up to 50 |
c4-highcpu-192 |
192 | 384 | Up to 100 | Up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C4 highmem
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c4-highmem-2 |
2 | 15 | Up to 10 | N/A |
c4-highmem-4 |
4 | 31 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highmem-8 |
8 | 62 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highmem-16 |
16 | 124 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highmem-32 |
32 | 248 | Up to 23 | N/A |
c4-highmem-48 |
48 | 372 | Up to 34 | Up to 25 |
c4-highmem-96 |
96 | 744 | Up to 67 | Up to 50 |
c4-highmem-192 |
192 | 1,488 | Up to 100 | Up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C4 doesn't support custom machine types.
Supported disk types for C4
C4 VMs support only the NVMe disk interface and can use the following Hyperdisk block storage:
- Hyperdisk Balanced (
hyperdisk-balanced
) - Hyperdisk Extreme (
hyperdisk-extreme
)
C4 does not support Persistent Disk. Read Move your workload from an existing VM to a new VM to migrate your Persistent Disk resources to a newer machine series.
Disk and capacity limits
You can use a mixture of different Hyperdisk types with a VM, but the maximum total disk capacity (in TiB) across all disk types can't exceed:
For machine types with less than 32 vCPUs: 257 TiB for all Hyperdisk
For machine types with 32 or more vCPUs: 512 TiB for all Hyperdisk
For details about the capacity limits, see Hyperdisk capacity limits per VM.
For VMs running Microsoft Windows and using the NVMe disk interface, the combined number of both Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk attached volumes can't exceed a total of 16 disks. See Known issues. Local SSD volumes are excluded from this issue.
The combined total number of Hyperdisk Balanced and Hyperdisk Extreme volumes attached to a single VM depends on the number of vCPUs the VM has, and can't exceed these limits:
C4 standard
Maximum number of disks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk Extreme |
c4-standard-2 |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
c4-standard-4 |
16 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
c4-standard-8 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-standard-16 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-standard-32 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-standard-48 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-standard-96 |
72 | 64 | 0 | 8 |
c4-standard-192 |
128 | 128 | 0 | 8 |
C4 highcpu
Maximum number of disks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk Extreme |
c4-highcpu-2 |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highcpu-4 |
16 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highcpu-8 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highcpu-16 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highcpu-32 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highcpu-48 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highcpu-96 |
72 | 64 | 0 | 8 |
c4-highcpu-192 |
128 | 128 | 0 | 8 |
C4 highmem
Maximum number of disks | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk Extreme |
c4-highmem-2 |
8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highmem-4 |
16 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highmem-8 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highmem-16 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highmem-32 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highmem-48 |
32 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
c4-highmem-96 |
72 | 64 | 0 | 8 |
c4-highmem-192 |
128 | 128 | 0 | 8 |
Network support for C4 VMs
C4 VM instances require gVNIC network interfaces. C4 supports up to 100 Gbps network bandwidth for standard networking and up to 200 Gbps with per VM Tier_1 networking performance.
Before migrating to C4 or creating C4 VMs,
make sure that the
operating system image
that you use is fully supported for C4. Fully supported images
include the updated gVNIC driver, even if the guest OS shows the
gve
driver version as 1.0.0. If your C4 VM is using an operating
system with limited support, which includes an older version of the gVNIC
driver, the VM might not be able to achieve the maximum network bandwidth for
C4 VMs.
If you use a custom OS image with the C4 machine series, you can manually install the most recent gVNIC driver. The gVNIC driver version v1.3.0 or later is recommended for use with C4 VMs. Google recommends using the latest gVNIC driver version to benefit from additional features and bug fixes.
N4 machine series
N4 VMs are powered by the 5th generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (code-named Emerald Rapids) and Titanium. N4 machine types are built from the ground up for flexibility and cost optimization through an efficient architecture of streamlined features, shapes, and next generation dynamic resource management, which makes better use of resources on host machines. N4 offers flexible options like custom machine types that lets you use choose varied combinations of compute and memory to optimize costs and reduce resource waste. N4 is suited for a variety of general-purpose workloads that don't require peak processing power at all times.
In summary, the N4 machine series:
- Is powered by 5th generation Intel Emerald Rapids processor and Titanium processors.
- Supports up to 80 vCPUs and 640 GB of DDR5 memory.
- Offers multiple predefined machine types and custom machine types and extended custom memory up to 640 GB.
- Supports standard network configuration with up to 50 Gbps bandwidth
- Supports Intel Advanced Matrix Extensions (AMX), a built-in accelerator that significantly improves the performance of deep-learning training and inference on the CPU.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Does not support Local SSD or per VM Tier_1 networking performance.
N4 machine types
N4 VMs are available as predefined configurations in sizes ranging from 2 vCPUs to 80 vCPUs and up to 640 GB of memory.
standard
: 4 GB memory per vCPUhighcpu
: 2 GB memory per vCPUhighmem
: 8 GB memory per vCPU
N4 standard
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps) | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
n4-standard-2 |
2 | 8 | 10 | N/A |
n4-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
n4-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | 16 | N/A |
n4-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | 32 | N/A |
n4-standard-32 |
32 | 128 | 32 | N/A |
n4-standard-48 |
48 | 192 | 32 | N/A |
n4-standard-64 |
64 | 256 | 45 | N/A |
n4-standard-80 |
80 | 320 | 50 | N/A |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a single thread. See CPU platforms
.N4 highcpu
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps) | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
n4-highcpu-2 |
2 | 4 | 10 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-4 |
4 | 8 | 10 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-8 |
8 | 16 | 16 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-16 |
16 | 32 | 32 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-32 |
32 | 64 | 32 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-48 |
48 | 96 | 32 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-64 |
64 | 128 | 45 | N/A |
n4-highcpu-80 |
80 | 160 | 50 | N/A |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a single thread. See CPU platforms
.N4 highmem
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps) | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
n4-highmem-2 |
2 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
n4-highmem-4 |
4 | 32 | 10 | N/A |
n4-highmem-8 |
8 | 64 | 16 | N/A |
n4-highmem-16 |
16 | 128 | 32 | N/A |
n4-highmem-32 |
32 | 256 | 32 | N/A |
n4-highmem-48 |
48 | 384 | 32 | N/A |
n4-highmem-64 |
64 | 512 | 45 | N/A |
n4-highmem-80 |
80 | 640 | 50 | N/A |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a single thread. See CPU platforms
.Supported disk types for N4
N4 VMs supports only the NVMe disk interface and can use the following Hyperdisk block storage:
- Hyperdisk Balanced (
hyperdisk-balanced
)
N4 does not support Persistent Disk or Local SSD. Read Move your workload from an existing VM to a new VM to migrate your Persistent Disk resources to a newer machine series.
Disk and capacity limits
The number of Hyperdisk volumes of all types that you can attach to a VM can't exceed the limits stated in the Max number of Hyperdisk volumes. For details about these limits, see Hyperdisk capacity.
The combined total number of Hyperdisk Balanced volumes attached to a single VM depends on the number of vCPUs the VM has, and can't exceed these limits:
For VMs running Microsoft Windows and using the NVMe disk interface, the combined number of both Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk attached volumes can't exceed a total of 16 disks. See Known issues. Local SSD volumes are excluded from this issue.
N4 storage limits are described in the following table:
N4 standard
Maximum number of disks | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
n4-standard-2 |
20 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-4 |
24 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-8 |
32 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-16 |
48 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-32 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-48 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-64 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-standard-80 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
N4 highcpu
Maximum number of disks | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
n4-highcpu-2 |
20 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-4 |
24 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-8 |
32 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-16 |
48 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-32 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-48 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-64 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highcpu-80 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
N4 highmem
Maximum number of disks | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
n4-highmem-2 |
20 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-4 |
24 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-8 |
32 | 16 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-16 |
48 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-32 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-48 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-64 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
n4-highmem-80 |
64 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Not supported |
Network support for N4 VMs
N4 instances require gVNIC network interfaces. N4 instances support up to 50 Gbps network bandwidth for standard networking and don't support per VM Tier_1 networking performance.
Before migrating to N4 or creating N4 VMs,
make sure that the
operating system image
that you use is fully supported for N4. Fully supported images
include the updated gVNIC driver, even if the guest OS shows the
gve
driver version as 1.0.0. If your N4 VM is using an operating
system with limited support, which includes an older version of the gVNIC
driver, the VM might not be able to achieve the maximum network bandwidth for
N4 VMs.
If you use a custom OS image with the N4 machine series, you can manually install the most recent gVNIC driver. The gVNIC driver version v1.3.0 or later is recommended for use with N4 VMs. Google recommends using the latest gVNIC driver version to benefit from additional features and bug fixes.
C3D machine series
C3D VMs are powered by the 4th generation AMD EPYC™ (Genoa) processor with a maximum frequency of 3.7 Ghz. C3D machine types are optimized for the underlying hardware architecture to deliver optimal, reliable, and consistent performance.
C3D uses Titanium, which enables higher levels of networking performance, isolation and security. The C3D machine series supports Tier_1 networking bandwidth of up to 100 Gbps and up to 200 Gbps.
In summary, the C3D machine series:
- Is powered by 4th generation AMD EPYC™ processor and Titanium.
- Supports up to 360 vCPUs and 2,880 GB of DDR5 memory.
- Supports standard network configuration with up to 100 Gbps bandwidth and Tier_1 networking with up to 200 Gbps bandwidth.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Supports Confidential VM with AMD SEV.
C3D machine types
C3D VMs are available in standard
, highcpu
, highmem
, and lssd
configurations in sizes ranging from 4 to 360 vCPUs and up to 2,880 GB of
memory. The highcpu
configuration offers the lowest price per performance for
compute-bound workloads that don't require large amounts of memory.
C3D standard
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3d-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-standard-30 |
30 | 120 | up to 20 | up to 50 |
c3d-standard-60 |
60 | 240 | up to 40 | up to 75 |
c3d-standard-90 |
90 | 360 | up to 60 | up to 100 |
c3d-standard-180 |
180 | 720 | up to 100 | up to 150 |
c3d-standard-360 |
360 | 1,440 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C3D highcpu
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3d-highcpu-4 |
4 | 8 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highcpu-8 |
8 | 16 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highcpu-16 |
16 | 32 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highcpu-30 |
30 | 59 | up to 20 | up to 50 |
c3d-highcpu-60 |
60 | 118 | up to 40 | up to 75 |
c3d-highcpu-90 |
90 | 177 | up to 60 | up to 100 |
c3d-highcpu-180 |
180 | 354 | up to 100 | up to 150 |
c3d-highcpu-360 |
360 | 708 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C3D highmem
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3d-highmem-4 |
4 | 32 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highmem-8 |
8 | 64 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highmem-16 |
16 | 128 | up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highmem-30 |
30 | 240 | up to 20 | up to 50 |
c3d-highmem-60 |
60 | 480 | up to 40 | up to 75 |
c3d-highmem-90 |
90 | 720 | up to 60 | up to 100 |
c3d-highmem-180 |
180 | 1,440 | up to 100 | up to 150 |
c3d-highmem-360 |
360 | 2,880 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C3D standard with Local SSD
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3d-standard-8-lssd |
8 | 32 | Up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-standard-16-lssd |
16 | 64 | Up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-standard-30-lssd |
30 | 120 | Up to 20 | up to 50 |
c3d-standard-60-lssd |
60 | 240 | Up to 40 | up to 75 |
c3d-standard-90-lssd |
90 | 360 | Up to 60 | up to 100 |
c3d-standard-180-lssd |
180 | 720 | Up to 100 | up to 150 |
c3d-standard-360-lssd |
360 | 1440 | Up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C3D highmem with Local SSD
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3d-highmem-8-lssd |
8 | 64 | Up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highmem-16-lssd |
16 | 128 | Up to 20 | N/A |
c3d-highmem-30-lssd |
30 | 240 | Up to 20 | up to 50 |
c3d-highmem-60-lssd |
60 | 480 | Up to 40 | up to 75 |
c3d-highmem-90-lssd |
90 | 720 | Up to 60 | up to 100 |
c3d-highmem-180-lssd |
180 | 1440 | Up to 100 | up to 150 |
c3d-highmem-360-lssd |
360 | 2880 | Up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A CPU uses two threads per core, and a vCPU respresents a
single thread. See CPU platforms.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking
for larger machine types.
C3D doesn't support custom machine types.
Supported disk types for C3D
C3D VMs support only the NVMe disk interface and can use the following block storage types:
- Balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - SSD (performance) Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Hyperdisk Balanced (
hyperdisk-balanced
) - Hyperdisk ML (
hyperdisk-ml
) - Hyperdisk Extreme (
hyperdisk-extreme
) - Hyperdisk Throughput (
hyperdisk-throughput
) - Local SSD (only available with -lssd machine types)
To use Local SSD with C3D, create your VM using the -lssd
variant of the
C3D machine types. Selecting this machine type creates a VM of the specified
size with Local SSD partitions attached. You must use a machine type that ends
in -lssd
to use Local SSD with your C3D VM; you can't attach Local SSD volumes
separately.
Disk and capacity limits
For VMs running Microsoft Windows and using the NVMe disk interface, the combined number of both Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk attached volumes can't exceed a total of 16 disks. See Known issues. Local SSD volumes are excluded from this issue.
C3D storage limits are described in the following table:
C3D standard
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per VM | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3d-standard-4 |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-8 |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-16 |
128 | 48 | 16 | 48 | 48 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-30 |
128 | 64 | 16 | 64 | 64 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-60 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-90 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-180 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-standard-360 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
C3D highcpu
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per VM | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3d-highcpu-4 |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-8 |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-16 |
128 | 48 | 16 | 48 | 48 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-30 |
128 | 64 | 16 | 64 | 64 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-60 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-90 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-180 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-highcpu-360 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
C3D highmem
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per VM | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3d-highmem-4 |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-8 |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-16 |
128 | 48 | 16 | 48 | 48 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-30 |
128 | 64 | 16 | 64 | 64 | 0 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-60 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-90 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-180 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3d-highmem-360 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
C3D standard with Local SSD
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per VM | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3d-standard-8-lssd |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 1 (375 GiB) |
c3d-standard-16-lssd |
128 | 48 | 16 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 1 (375 GiB) |
c3d-standard-30-lssd |
128 | 64 | 16 | 64 | 64 | 0 | 2 (750 GiB) |
c3d-standard-60-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 4 (1.5 TiB) |
c3d-standard-90-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 8 (3 TiB) |
c3d-standard-180-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 16 (6 TiB) |
c3d-standard-360-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 32 (12 TiB) |
C3D highmem with Local SSD
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per VM | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3d-highmem-8-lssd |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 1 (375 GiB) |
c3d-highmem-16-lssd |
128 | 48 | 16 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 1 (375 GiB) |
c3d-highmem-30-lssd |
128 | 64 | 16 | 64 | 64 | 0 | 2 (750 GiB) |
c3d-highmem-60-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 4 (1.5 TiB) |
c3d-highmem-90-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 8 (3 TiB) |
c3d-highmem-180-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 16 (6 TiB) |
c3d-highmem-360-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 32 (12 TiB) |
Network support for C3D VMs
C3D VM instances require gVNIC network interfaces. C3D supports up to 100 Gbps network bandwidth for standard networking and up to 200 Gbps with per VM Tier_1 networking performance.
Before migrating to C3D or creating C3D VMs,
make sure that the
operating system image
that you use is fully supported for C3D. Fully supported images
include the updated gVNIC driver, even if the guest OS shows the
gve
driver version as 1.0.0. If your C3D VM is using an operating
system with limited support, which includes an older version of the gVNIC
driver, the VM might not be able to achieve the maximum network bandwidth for
C3D VMs.
If you use a custom OS image with the C3D machine series, you can manually install the most recent gVNIC driver. The gVNIC driver version v1.3.0 or later is recommended for use with C3D VMs. Google recommends using the latest gVNIC driver version to benefit from additional features and bug fixes.
C3 machine series
C3 VMs are powered by the 4th generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (code-named Sapphire Rapids), DDR5 memory, and Titanium. C3 machine types are optimized for the underlying NUMA architecture to deliver optimal, reliable, and consistent performance.
The new C3 machine series is a major leap in our purpose-built infrastructure offerings:
- Leveraging Titanium processors to offload networking from the CPUs
- Delivering high performance block-storage with Google Cloud Hyperdisk
- Speeding up ML training and inference with Intel AMX
C3 uses Titanium to enable higher levels of networking performance, isolation and security. The C3 machine series supports a default network bandwidth of up to 100 Gbps and up to 200 Gbps with per VM Tier_1 networking performance. Titanium has been designed from the ground up to enable updates that don't impact running workloads.
The C3 machine series provides some of the largest general-purpose machine types, letting you create VM instances with up to 176 vCPUs and 1.4 TB of memory.
C3 has bare metal machine types, which allow you to access all the raw compute resources of the server. You can create bare metal instances with 192 vCPUs and up to 1,536 GB of memory. Bare metal instances also provide access to several onboard, function-specific accelerators and offloads:
- Intel-QAT
- Intel-DLB
- Intel DSA
- Intel IAA
If your organization uses a Shielded VM policy, then you must create a custom org policy that excludes bare metal shapes before you can create a bare metal instance.
In summary, the C3 machine series:
- Is powered by Intel 4th Generation Xeon processors and Titanium.
- Supports up to 176 vCPUs and 1.4 TB of DDR5 memory for VMs.
- Supports up to 192 vCPUs and 1,536 GB of memory for bare metal instances.
- Supports standard network configuration with up to 100 Gbps bandwidth and Tier_1 networking with up to 200 Gbps bandwidth.
- Supports Intel Advanced Matrix Extensions (AMX), a built-in accelerator that significantly improves the performance of deep-learning training and inference on the CPU.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Supports Confidential VM with Intel TDX.
- Doesn't support the following:
- C3 bare metal instances don't support the following:
C3 machine types
C3 VMs are available in predefined machine types with sizes ranging from 4 to 176 vCPUs and up to 1,408 GB of memory.
To use Local SSD with C3, create your VM using the -lssd
variant of the
C3 machine types. Selecting this machine type creates a VM of the specified
size with Local SSD partitions attached. You must use a c3-standard-*-lssd
machine type to use Local SSD with your VM; you can't attach Local SSD volumes
separately.
To create a bare metal instance with C3, use one of the following machine types:
c3-standard-192-metal
c3-highcpu-192-metal
c3-highmem-192-metal
C3 standard
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-standard-22 |
22 | 88 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-standard-44 |
44 | 176 | up to 32 | up to 50 |
c3-standard-88 |
88 | 352 | up to 62 | up to 100 |
c3-standard-176 |
176 | 704 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
c3-standard-192-metal |
192† | 768 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A vCPU represents a single hardware thread, or logical
core.
† For bare metal instances, the number of
vCPUs is equivalent to the number of hardware threads
on the host server.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
C3 highcpu
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3-highcpu-4 |
4 | 8 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-highcpu-8 |
8 | 16 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-highcpu-22 |
22 | 44 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-highcpu-44 |
44 | 88 | up to 32 | up to 50 |
c3-highcpu-88 |
88 | 176 | up to 62 | up to 100 |
c3-highcpu-176 |
176 | 352 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
c3-highcpu-192-metal |
192† | 512 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A vCPU represents a single hardware thread, or logical
core.
† For bare metal instances, the number of
vCPUs is equivalent to the number of hardware threads
on the host server.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
C3 highmem
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3-highmem-4 |
4 | 32 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-highmem-8 |
8 | 64 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-highmem-22 |
22 | 176 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-highmem-44 |
44 | 352 | up to 32 | up to 50 |
c3-highmem-88 |
88 | 704 | up to 62 | up to 100 |
c3-highmem-176 |
176 | 1408 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
c3-highmem-192-metal |
192† | 1536 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A vCPU represents a single hardware thread, or logical
core.
† For bare metal instances, the number of
vCPUs is equivalent to the number of hardware threads
on the host server.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
C3 with Local SSD
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier_1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
c3-standard-4-lssd |
4 | 16 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-standard-8-lssd |
8 | 32 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-standard-22-lssd |
22 | 88 | up to 23 | N/A |
c3-standard-44-lssd |
44 | 176 | up to 32 | up to 50 |
c3-standard-88-lssd |
88 | 352 | up to 62 | up to 100 |
c3-standard-176-lssd |
176 | 704 | up to 100 | up to 200 |
* A vCPU represents a single hardware thread, or logical
core.
† For bare metal instances, the number of
vCPUs is equivalent to the number of hardware threads
on the host server.
‡ Default egress bandwidth can't exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
C3 doesn't support custom machine types.
C3 regional availability
For C3 VMs, you can view the available regions and zones in the Available regions and zones table.
- Select
C3
in the Select a machine type drop-down menu to see all the zones where you can create a C3 VM. - You can also use the Select a location drop-down menu to limit the results to a geographical area.
C3 bare metal instances are available in the following regions and zones:
Zone | High-CPU | Standard | High-mem |
---|---|---|---|
asia-southeast1-a |
— | ||
europe-west1-b |
— | ||
europe-west1-c |
— | ||
europe-west4-b |
— | ||
us-central1-a |
— | ||
us-central1-c |
— | — | |
us-east1-c |
|||
us-east1-d |
— | — | |
us-east4-a |
— | — | |
us-east4-c |
— | — | |
us-east5-a |
— | ||
us-east5-b |
Supported disk types for C3
C3 VMs support only the NVMe disk interface and can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal SSD (performance) Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Hyperdisk Extreme (
hyperdisk-extreme
)—Requires at least 64 vCPUs - Hyperdisk ML (
hyperdisk-ml
) - Hyperdisk Throughput (
hyperdisk-throughput
) - Hyperdisk Balanced (
hyperdisk-balanced
) - Local SSD—only available with
-lssd
machine types
A set amount of Local SSD disks are added to the C3 VM when you use the -lssd
machine type. This is the only way to include Local SSD storage with a C3 VM.
C3 bare metal instances support only Hyperdisk storage. You can't use Local SSD disks with bare metal instances.
Disk and capacity limits
For VMs running Microsoft Windows and using the NVMe disk interface, the combined number of both Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk attached volumes can't exceed a total of 16 disks. See Known issues. Local SSD volumes are excluded from this issue.
C3 storage limits are described in the following table:
C3 standard
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per instance | Hyperdisk per instance |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3-standard-4 |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-standard-8 |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-standard-22 |
128 | 48 | 32 | 48 | 48 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-standard-44 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-standard-88 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3-standard-176 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3-standard-192-metal |
16 (Hyperdisk only) |
16 | 16 | Not supported | Not supported | 16 | Not supported |
C3 highcpu
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per instance | Hyperdisk per instance |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3-highcpu-4 |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highcpu-8 |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highcpu-22 |
128 | 48 | 32 | 48 | 48 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highcpu-44 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highcpu-88 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3-highcpu-176 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3-highcpu-192-metal |
16 (Hyperdisk only) |
16 | 16 | Not supported | Not supported | 16 | Not supported |
C3 highmem
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per instance | Hyperdisk per instance |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3-highmem-4 |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highmem-8 |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highmem-22 |
128 | 48 | 32 | 48 | 48 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highmem-44 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 0 | Not supported |
c3-highmem-88 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3-highmem-176 |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | Not supported |
c3-highmem-192-metal |
16 (Hyperdisk only) |
16 | 16 | Not supported | Not supported | 16 | Not supported |
C3 with Local SSD
Maximum number of disks | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Machine types | Per VM* | Hyperdisk per VM |
Hyperdisk Balanced | Hyperdisk Throughput | Hyperdisk ML | Hyperdisk Extreme | Local SSD |
c3-standard-4-lssd |
128 | 24 | 16 | 24 | 24 | 0 | 1 (375 GiB) |
c3-standard-8-lssd |
128 | 32 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 0 | 2 (750 GiB) |
c3-standard-22-lssd |
128 | 48 | 32 | 48 | 48 | 0 | 4 (1.5 TiB) |
c3-standard-44-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 0 | 8 (3 TiB) |
c3-standard-88-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 16 (6 TiB) |
c3-standard-176-lssd |
128 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 64 | 8 | 32 (12 TiB) |
Network support for C3 VMs
The following network interface drivers are required:
- C3 VM instances require gVNIC network interfaces.
- C3 bare metal instances require the Intel IDPF LAN PF device driver.
C3 supports up to 100 Gbps network bandwidth for standard networking and up to 200 Gbps with per VM Tier_1 networking performance for VM and bare metal instances.
Before migrating to C3 or creating C3 VMs or bare metal
instances, make sure that the
operating system image
that you use is fully supported for C3. Fully supported images
include the IDPF network driver for bare metal instances or the updated gVNIC
driver for VM instances. If an OS image is fully supported,
it has the updated gVNIC driver installed, even if the
guest OS shows the gve
driver version as 1.0.0. If your C3 VM is
using an operating system with limited support, which includes an older version
of the gVNIC driver, the VM might not be able to achieve the maximum network
bandwidth for C3 VMs.
If you use a custom OS image to create a C3 VM, you can manually install the most recent gVNIC driver. The gVNIC driver version v1.3.0 or later is recommended for use with C3 VMs. Google recommends using the latest gVNIC driver version to benefit from additional features and bug fixes.
N2D machine series
The N2D machine series can run on either AMD EPYC Milan or AMD EPYC
Rome processors. The third generation
AMD EPYC Milan processor
is available only in specific regions and zones.
To use AMD Milan
as your
minimum CPU platform,
request it when you create your VM instance.
The N2D series provides some of the largest general-purpose machine types with up to 224 vCPUs and 896 GB of memory and vCPU to memory ratios of 1:1, 1:4, and 1:8. The AMD EPYC Rome processors in this series run with a base frequency of 2.25 GHz, an effective frequency of 2.7 GHz, and a max boost frequency of 3.3 GHz.
In summary, the N2D series:
- Support up to 224 vCPUs and 896 GB of memory.
- Support 50 Gbps and 100 Gbps high-bandwidth network configurations.
- Available in predefined and custom VMs.
- Offer higher memory-to-core ratios for VMs created with the extended memory feature. Using the extended memory feature helps you avoid per-CPU software licensing costs while providing access to more than 8 GB of memory per vCPU.
- Powered by third generation AMD EPYC Milan and second generation AMD EPYC Rome processors.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Does not support GPUs or nested virtualization.
- Supports Confidential VM with AMD SEV and AMD SEV-SNP.
N2D VMs don't support GPUs or nested virtualization.
N2D machine types
The following table lists the features of the N2D machine series. For some machine types, certain features are not applicable (N/A).
N2D standard
N2D standard machine types have 4 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2d-standard-2 |
2 | 8 | 10 | N/A |
n2d-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
n2d-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | 16 | N/A |
n2d-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | 32 | N/A |
n2d-standard-32 |
32 | 128 | 32 | N/A |
n2d-standard-48 |
48 | 192 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-standard-64 |
64 | 256 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-standard-80 |
80 | 320 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-standard-96 |
96 | 384 | 32 | 100 |
n2d-standard-128 |
128 | 512 | 32 | 100 |
n2d-standard-224 |
224 | 896 | 32 | 100 |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking for
larger machine types.
N2D high-mem
N2D high-mem machine types have 8 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2d-highmem-2 |
2 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
n2d-highmem-4 |
4 | 32 | 10 | N/A |
n2d-highmem-8 |
8 | 64 | 16 | N/A |
n2d-highmem-16 |
16 | 128 | 32 | N/A |
n2d-highmem-32 |
32 | 256 | 32 | N/A |
n2d-highmem-48 |
48 | 384 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-highmem-64 |
64 | 512 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-highmem-80 |
80 | 640 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-highmem-96 |
96 | 768 | 32 | 100 |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking for
larger machine types.
N2D high-cpu
N2D high-cpu machine types have 1 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2d-highcpu-2 |
2 | 2 | 10 | N/A |
n2d-highcpu-4 |
4 | 4 | 10 | N/A |
n2d-highcpu-8 |
8 | 8 | 16 | N/A |
n2d-highcpu-16 |
16 | 16 | 32 | N/A |
n2d-highcpu-32 |
32 | 32 | 32 | N/A |
n2d-highcpu-48 |
48 | 48 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-highcpu-64 |
64 | 64 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-highcpu-80 |
80 | 80 | 32 | 50 |
n2d-highcpu-96 |
96 | 96 | 32 | 100 |
n2d-highcpu-128 |
128 | 128 | 32 | 100 |
n2d-highcpu-224 |
224 | 224 | 32 | 100 |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking for
larger machine types.
For details on the pricing information, see the following:
- For machine type pricing, see VM pricing page.
- Disk usage and network usage is charged separately from machine type pricing. For details, see Disk and image pricing and Network pricing.
- For per VM Tier_1 network performance billing rates, see Tier_1 higher bandwidth network pricing.
Supported disk types for N2D
N2D VMs support both the SCSI and the NVMe disk interface and can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal and regional standard Persistent Disk (
pd-standard
) - Zonal and regional balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal and regional SSD Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Hyperdisk Throughput (
hyperdisk-throughput
) - Local SSD
N2D VMs with Confidential Computing running Microsoft Windows with the NVMe disk interface have a disk attachment limitation of 16 disks. See Known issues for details.
N2D standard
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM, across all disks* |
Max number of Hyperdisk volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2d-standard-2 |
128 | 20 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-standard-4 |
128 | 24 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-standard-8 |
128 | 32 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-standard-16 |
128 | 48 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-standard-32 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-standard-48 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-standard-64 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-standard-80 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-standard-96 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-standard-128 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-standard-224 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
†The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡ The maximum total disk size applies to all Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk disk types attached to the VM.N2D high-mem
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM per VM* | Max number of Hyperdisk volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2d-highmem-2 |
128 | 20 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-4 |
128 | 24 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-8 |
128 | 32 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-16 |
128 | 48 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-32 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-48 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-64 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-80 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highmem-96 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
†The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡ The maximum total disk size applies to all Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk disk types attached to the VM.N2D high-cpu
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM* | Max number of Hyperdisk volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2d-highcpu-2 |
128 | 20 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-4 |
128 | 24 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-8 |
128 | 32 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-16 |
128 | 48 | 257 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-32 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-48 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-64 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-80 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-96 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-128 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2d-highcpu-224 |
128 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
†The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡ The maximum total disk size applies to all Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk disk types attached to the VM.N2 machine series
The N2 machine series has flexible sizing between 2 to 128 vCPUs and 0.5 to 8 GB of memory per vCPU. Machine types in this series run on the following processors:
Ice Lake—offered in specific regions and zones. It is the default processor for larger machine types.
Cascade Lake—the default for machine types up to 80 vCPUs. If you want to create VMs with
Ice Lake
, you must set it as the minimum CPU platform.
You can find more details about these two processors on the CPU platforms page.
Workloads that can take advantage of the higher clock frequency are a good choice for this series. These workloads can get higher per-thread performance while benefiting from all the flexibility that the general-purpose machine family offers.
In summary, the N2 machine series:
- Supports up to 128 vCPUs and 864 GB of memory.
- Supports 50 Gbps, 75 Gbps, and 100 Gbps high-bandwidth network configurations.
- Is available in predefined and custom VMs.
- Has higher memory-to-core ratios for VMs created with the extended memory feature. Using the extended memory feature helps control per-CPU software licensing costs while providing access to more than 8 GB of memory per vCPU.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
N2 machine types
N2 standard
N2 standard machine types have 4 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2-standard-2 |
2 | 8 | 10 | N/A |
n2-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
n2-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | 16 | N/A |
n2-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | 32 | N/A |
n2-standard-32 |
32 | 128 | 32 | 50 |
n2-standard-48 |
48 | 192 | 32 | 50 |
n2-standard-64 |
64 | 256 | 32 | 75 |
n2-standard-80 |
80 | 320 | 32 | 100 |
n2-standard-96 |
96 | 384 | 32 | 100 |
n2-standard-128 |
128 | 512 | 32 | 100 |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking for
larger machine types.
N2 high-mem
N2 high-memory machine types have 8 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2-highmem-2 |
2 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
n2-highmem-4 |
4 | 32 | 10 | N/A |
n2-highmem-8 |
8 | 64 | 16 | N/A |
n2-highmem-16 |
16 | 128 | 32 | N/A |
n2-highmem-32 |
32 | 256 | 32 | 50 |
n2-highmem-48 |
48 | 384 | 32 | 50 |
n2-highmem-64 |
64 | 512 | 32 | 75 |
n2-highmem-80 |
80 | 640 | 32 | 100 |
n2-highmem-96 |
96 | 768 | 32 | 100 |
n2-highmem-128 |
128 | 864 | 32 | 100 |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking for
larger machine types.
N2 high-cpu
N2 high-cpu machine types have 1 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Default egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps)# |
---|---|---|---|---|
n2-highcpu-2 |
2 | 2 | 10 | N/A |
n2-highcpu-4 |
4 | 4 | 10 | N/A |
n2-highcpu-8 |
8 | 8 | 16 | N/A |
n2-highcpu-16 |
16 | 16 | 32 | N/A |
n2-highcpu-32 |
32 | 32 | 32 | 50 |
n2-highcpu-48 |
48 | 48 | 32 | 50 |
n2-highcpu-64 |
64 | 64 | 32 | 75 |
n2-highcpu-80 |
80 | 80 | 32 | 100 |
n2-highcpu-96 |
96 | 96 | 32 | 100 |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# Supports high-bandwidth networking for
larger machine types.
For details on the pricing information, see the following:
- For machine type pricing, see VM pricing page.
- Disk usage and network usage is charged separately from machine type pricing. For details, see Disk and image pricing and Network pricing.
- For per VM Tier_1 network performance billing rates, see Tier_1 higher bandwidth network pricing.
Supported disk types for N2
N2 VMs support both the SCSI and the NVMe disk interface and can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal and regional standard Persistent Disk (
pd-standard
) - Zonal and regional balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal and regional SSD Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Extreme Persistent Disk (
pd-extreme
) - Hyperdisk Extreme (
hyperdisk-extreme
). Not supported with custom N2 machine types. - Hyperdisk Throughput (
hyperdisk-throughput
) - Local SSD
N2 standard
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM, across all disks* |
Max number of Hyperdisk Extreme volumes per VM† |
Max number of Hyperdisk Throughput volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n2-standard-2 |
128 | 0 | 20 | 257 | Yes |
n2-standard-4 |
128 | 0 | 24 | 257 | Yes |
n2-standard-8 |
128 | 0 | 32 | 257 | Yes |
n2-standard-16 |
128 | 0 | 48 | 257 | Yes |
n2-standard-32 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-standard-48 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-standard-64 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-standard-80 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-standard-96 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-standard-128 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
† The maximum size per Hyperdisk Extreme volume is 64 TiB. The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡ You can attach a mixture of Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk volumes to a VM, but the total Persistent Disk capacity can't exceed 257 TiB.
N2 high-mem
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM, across all disks* |
Max number of Hyperdisk Extreme volumes per VM† |
Max number of Hyperdisk Throughput volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n2-highmem-2 |
128 | 0 | 20 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highmem-4 |
128 | 0 | 24 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highmem-8 |
128 | 0 | 32 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highmem-16 |
128 | 0 | 48 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highmem-32 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highmem-48 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highmem-64 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highmem-80 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highmem-96 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highmem-128 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
† The maximum size per Hyperdisk Extreme volume is 64 TiB. The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡ You can attach a mixture of Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk volumes to a VM, but the total Persistent Disk capacity can't exceed 257 TiB.
N2 high-cpu
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM, across all disks* |
Max number of Hyperdisk Extreme volumes per VM† |
Max number of Hyperdisk Throughput volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n2-highcpu-2 |
128 | 0 | 20 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-4 |
128 | 0 | 24 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-8 |
128 | 0 | 32 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-16 |
128 | 0 | 48 | 257 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-32 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-48 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-64 |
128 | 0 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-80 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
n2-highcpu-96 |
128 | 8 | 64 | 512 | Yes |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
† The maximum size per Hyperdisk Extreme volume is 64 TiB. The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡ You can attach a mixture of Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk volumes to a VM, but the total Persistent Disk capacity can't exceed 257 TiB.
E2 machine series
The cost-optimized E2 machine series have between 2 to 32 vCPUs with a ratio of 0.5 GB to 8 GB of memory per vCPU for standard VMs, and 0.25 to 1 vCPUs with 0.5 GB to 8 GB of memory for shared-core E2 machine types. The E2 machine series offers both Intel and AMD EPYC processors. The processor is selected for you at the time of VM creation. Machine types in this series are available in all regions and zones and support a virtio memory balloon device.
In summary, the E2 machine series:
- Supports up to 32 vCPUs and 128 GB of memory.
- Supports Intel and AMD EPYC Rome and Milan processors.
- Is available in predefined and custom VMs.
- Offers the lowest on demand pricing across the general-purpose machine types.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Does not offer sustained use discounts (SUDs); however, it provides consistently low on-demand and committed-use pricing.
- Does not support GPUs, Local SSDs, sole-tenant nodes, or nested virtualization.
Shared-core VMs
The E2 machine series also contains shared-core machine types that use context- switching to time-share a physical core between vCPUs for multitasking. Different shared-core machine types sustain different amounts of time on a physical core.
Unlike predefined machine types and custom machine types, shared-core machine types have a predefined price that includes both vCPUs and memory. For more information, see VM instance pricing.
CPU bursting
Shared-core machine types offer bursting capabilities that allow instances to use additional physical CPU for short periods of time. Bursting happens automatically when your VM requires more physical CPU than originally allocated. During these spikes, your VM will opportunistically take advantage of available physical CPU in bursts. Note that bursts are not permanent and are only possible periodically.
e2-micro
,e2-small
, ande2-medium
shared-core VMs can burst for dozens of seconds.- If the CPU is utilized at 100%, then the burst lasts as follows:
e2-micro
: 30 secondse2-small
: 60 secondse2-medium
120 seconds
e2 shared-core
, f1-micro
, and g1-small
VMs.
E2 Limitations
- The E2 machine series does not offer SUDs; however, it provides consistently low on-demand and committed-use pricing.
- The E2 machine series does not support GPUs, Local SSDs, sole-tenant nodes, or nested virtualization.
E2 machine types
E2 is available in standard
, highmem
, and highcpu
configurations, as well
as shared-core machine type. In general, E2 shared-core machine types can be
more cost-effective for running small, non-resource intensive applications than
standard, high-memory, or high-CPU machine types.
E2 standard
E2 standard machine types have 4 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
e2-standard-2 |
2 | 8 | 128 | 257 | No | 4 |
e2-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | 128 | 257 | No | 8 |
e2-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
e2-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
e2-standard-32 |
32 | 128 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual See Network bandwidth.
E2 high-mem
E2 high-memory machine types have 8 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total Persistent Disk size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
e2-highmem-2 |
2 | 16 | 128 | 257 | No | 4 |
e2-highmem-4 |
4 | 32 | 128 | 257 | No | 8 |
e2-highmem-8 |
8 | 64 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
e2-highmem-16 |
16 | 128 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
‡Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors. See Network bandwidth.
E2 high-cpu
E2 high-cpu machine types have 1 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
e2-highcpu-2 |
2 | 2 | 128 | 257 | No | 4 |
e2-highcpu-4 |
4 | 4 | 128 | 257 | No | 8 |
e2-highcpu-8 |
8 | 8 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
e2-highcpu-16 |
16 | 16 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
e2-highcpu-32 |
32 | 32 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 |
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors. See Network bandwidth.
E2 shared-core
E2 shared-core machine types are cost-effective, have a virtio memory balloon device, and are ideal for small workloads. When you use E2 shared-core machine types, your VM runs two vCPUs simultaneously shared on one physical core for a specific fraction of time depending on the machine type. Each vCPU can burst up to 100% of CPU time, for short periods, before returning to the time limitations described in the preceding section.
e2-micro
sustains 2 vCPUs, each for 12.5% of CPU time totaling 25% CPU time.e2-small
sustains 2 vCPUs, each at 25% of CPU time totaling 50% CPU time.e2-medium
sustains 2 vCPUs, each at 50% of CPU time totaling 100% CPU time.
Machine types | Description | vCPUs | Fractional vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
e2-micro |
Micro machine type with 0.25 vCPU and 1 GB of memory, backed by a shared physical core. | 2 | 0.25* | 1 | 16 | 3 | no | 1 |
e2-small |
Small machine type with 0.5 vCPU and 2 GB of memory, backed by a shared physical core. | 2 | 0.5* | 2 | 16 | 3 | no | 1 |
e2-medium |
Medium machine type with 1 vCPU and 4 GB of memory, backed by a shared physical core. | 2 | 1* | 4 | 16 | 3 | no | 2 |
† Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk usage is charged separately from machine pricing.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors. See Network bandwidth.
Supported disk types for E2 VMs
E2 VMs can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal and regional balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal and regional SSD Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Zonal and regional standard Persistent Disk (
pd-standard
)
N1 machine series
The N1 machine series is Compute Engine's first generation general-purpose machine series available on Intel Skylake, Broadwell, Haswell, Sandy Bridge, and Ivy Bridge CPU platforms.
In summary, the N1 machine series:
- Supports up to 96 vCPUs and 624 GB of memory.
- Has both predefined machine types and custom machine types. Custom machine types can be created within a wide range of memory-to-core ratio, ranging from 1 GB per vCPU to 6.5 GB per vCPU.
- Offers higher memory-to-core ratios for VMs created with the extended memory feature.
- Supports the following discount and consumption options:
- Resource-based committed use discounts (CUDs)
- Flexible CUDs
- Sustained use discounts (SUDs); N1 machine series offers a higher SUD percentage than the N2 machine series.
- Spot VMs
- Reservations
- Supports Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) in select zones.
- Can support up to 8 virtual interfaces per instance.
N1 machine types
N1 standard
N1 standard machine types have 3.75 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n1-standard-1 |
1 | 3.75 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 2 | N/A |
n1-standard-2 |
2 | 7.50 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 10 | N/A |
n1-standard-4 |
4 | 15 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 10 | N/A |
n1-standard-8 |
8 | 30 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 16 | N/A |
n1-standard-16 |
16 | 60 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-standard-32 |
32 | 120 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-standard-64 |
64 | 240 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-standard-96 |
96 | 360 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
† Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk usage is charged separately from
machine type pricing.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# 32 Gbps for Skylake or later CPU platforms. 16 Gbps for
all other platforms.
N1 high-memory
N1 high-memory machine types have 6.5 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n1-highmem-2 |
2 | 13 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 10 | N/A |
n1-highmem-4 |
4 | 26 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 10 | N/A |
n1-highmem-8 |
8 | 52 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 16 | N/A |
n1-highmem-16 |
16 | 104 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-highmem-32 |
32 | 208 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-highmem-64 |
64 | 416 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-highmem-96 |
96 | 624 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
† Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk usage is charged separately from
machine type pricing.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# 32 Gbps for Skylake or later CPU platforms. 16 Gbps for
all other platforms.
N1 high-cpu
N1 high-cpu machine types have 0.9 GB of system memory per vCPU. High-CPU machine types are ideal for tasks that require a moderate increase of vCPUs relative to memory.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n1-highcpu-2 |
2 | 1.80 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 10 | N/A |
n1-highcpu-4 |
4 | 3.60 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 10 | N/A |
n1-highcpu-8 |
8 | 7.20 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 16 | N/A |
n1-highcpu-16 |
16 | 14.4 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-highcpu-32 |
32 | 28.8 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-highcpu-64 |
64 | 57.6 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
n1-highcpu-96 |
96 | 86.4 | 128 | 257 | Yes | 32# | N/A |
* A vCPU is implemented as a single hardware thread, or logical
core, on one of the available
CPU platforms.
† Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk usage is charged separately from
machine type pricing.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
# 32 Gbps for Skylake or later CPU platforms. 16 Gbps for
all other platforms.
N1 shared-core
Each vCPU can burst up to 100% of CPU time, for short periods, before returning to their prescribed CPU time limitations.
- When you run an
f1-micro
, your VM sustains a single vCPU for up to 20% of CPU time. - When you run a
g1-small
, your VM sustains a single vCPU for up to 50% of CPU time.
Machine types | Description | vCPUs | Fractional vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
f1-micro |
Micro machine type with 0.2 vCPU and 0.6 GB of memory, backed by a shared physical core. | 1 | 0.2* | 0.60 | 16 | 3 | No | 1 |
g1-small |
Small machine type with 0.5 vCPU and 1.70 GB of memory, backed by a shared physical core. | 1 | 0.5* | 1.70 | 16 | 3 | No | 1 |
† Persistent Disk and Hyperdisk usage is charged separately from VM pricing.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors. See Network bandwidth.
Supported disk types for N1 VMs
N1 VMs can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal and regional balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal and regional SSD Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Zonal and regional standard Persistent Disk (
pd-standard
) - Local SSD disks
Tau T2A machine series
The Tau T2A machine series runs on the Ampere Altra Arm processor with a base frequency of 3.0 GHz. Tau T2A offers predefined machine types with 1 to 48 vCPUs, supports 4 GB of memory per vCPU, and offers a maximum of 32 Gbps of outbound data transfer.
This series is available only in select regions and zones.
The Tau T2A machine series doesn't support simultaneous multithreading (SMT); each vCPU is equivalent to an entire core.
Tau T2A machine types
Tau T2A standard machine types have 4 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Max number of Persistent Disk (PDs)† | Max total PD size (TiB) | Local SSD | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t2a-standard-1 |
1 | 4 | 128 | 257 | No | 10 | N/A |
t2a-standard-2 |
2 | 8 | 128 | 257 | No | 10 | N/A |
t2a-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | 128 | 257 | No | 10 | N/A |
t2a-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | 128 | 257 | No | 16 | N/A |
t2a-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | 128 | 257 | No | 32 | N/A |
t2a-standard-32 |
32 | 128 | 128 | 257 | No | 32 | N/A |
t2a-standard-48 |
48 | 192 | 128 | 257 | No | 32 | N/A |
* SMT is not supported. Each vCPU is equivalent to an entire core.
See CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
Tau T2A Limitations
The Tau T2A machine series does not support:
- Custom machine types
- Sole tenant nodes
- Nested virtualization
- Extreme Persistent Disk
- Local SSD
- Regional Persistent Disk
- Virtio-SCSI Storage Controller and Virtio-Net Ethernet Adapter
- Windows Server or Windows Client OS
- 32-bit mode ELO (guest userspace support)
- Committed use discounts (CUDs) or Sustained use discounts (SUDs); however, it offers Spot VM discounts.
- Virtual display devices
T2A supports the Secure boot feature, but not all public OS images for T2A support secure boot.
Supported disk types for T2A
T2A VMs support only the NVMe disk interface and can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal standard Persistent Disk (
pd-standard
) - Zonal balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal SSD (performance) Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
)
For VMs running Microsoft Windows and using the NVMe disk interface, the combined number of both Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk attached volumes can't exceed a total of 16 disks. See Known issues. Local SSD volumes are excluded from this issue.
Tau T2D machine series
The Tau T2D machine series run on the third generation AMD EPYC Milan processor with a base frequency of 2.45 GHz, an effective frequency of 2.8 GHz, and a max boost frequency of 3.5 GHz. This series has predefined machine types of up to 60 vCPUs, support 4 GB of memory per vCPU, and a maximum of 32 Gbps outbound data transfer. It also supports the following discount and consumption options:
This series is available only in select regions and zones.
Machine types in the Tau T2D machine series have simultaneous multithreading (SMT) disabled; therefore a vCPU is equivalent to an entire core.
Tau T2D Limitations
Tau T2D VMs do not support:
- Local SSD
- Regional Persistent Disk
- Custom VMs
- Sole-tenant nodes
- Extreme Persistent Disk
- GPUs
- Nested virtualization
- Flexible CUDs
- Sustained use discounts (SUDs)
- Confidential VMs
Tau T2D machine types
Tau T2D standard machine types have 4 GB of system memory per vCPU.
Machine types | vCPUs* | Memory (GB) | Maximum egress bandwidth (Gbps)‡ | Tier 1 egress bandwidth (Gbps) |
---|---|---|---|---|
t2d-standard-1 |
1 | 4 | 10 | N/A |
t2d-standard-2 |
2 | 8 | 10 | N/A |
t2d-standard-4 |
4 | 16 | 10 | N/A |
t2d-standard-8 |
8 | 32 | 16 | N/A |
t2d-standard-16 |
16 | 64 | 32 | N/A |
t2d-standard-32 |
32 | 128 | 32 | N/A |
t2d-standard-48 |
48 | 192 | 32 | N/A |
t2d-standard-60 |
60 | 240 | 32 | N/A |
* SMT is not supported. Each vCPU is equivalent to an entire core.
See CPU platforms.
‡ Maximum egress bandwidth cannot exceed the number given. Actual
egress bandwidth depends on the destination IP address and other factors.
See Network bandwidth.
For details on the pricing information, see the following:
- For machine type pricing, see VM pricing page.
- Disk usage and network usage is charged separately from machine type pricing. For details, see Disk and image pricing and Network pricing.
Supported disk types for T2D
T2D VMs support both the SCSI and the NVMe disk interface and can use the following block storage types:
- Zonal standard Persistent Disk (
pd-standard
) - Zonal balanced Persistent Disk (
pd-balanced
) - Zonal SSD (performance) Persistent Disk (
pd-ssd
) - Hyperdisk Throughput (
hyperdisk-throughput
)
Machine types | Max number of disks per VM* | Max number of Hyperdisk volumes per VM† |
Max total disk size (TiB) across all disks‡ |
Local SSD |
---|---|---|---|---|
t2d-standard-1 |
128 | 20 | 257 | No |
t2d-standard-2 |
128 | 20 | 257 | No |
t2d-standard-4 |
128 | 24 | 257 | No |
t2d-standard-8 |
128 | 32 | 257 | No |
t2d-standard-16 |
128 | 48 | 257 | No |
t2d-standard-32 |
128 | 64 | 512 | No |
t2d-standard-48 |
128 | 64 | 512 | No |
t2d-standard-60 |
128 | 64 | 512 | No |
* The maximum size per Persistent Disk volume is 64 TiB.
†The maximum size per Hyperdisk Throughput volume is 32 TiB.
‡You can attach a mixture of Hyperdisk and Persistent Disk volumes to a VM, but the total Persistent Disk capacity can't exceed 257 TiB.
Custom machine types
If none of the predefined machine types in the general-purpose machine family match your workload needs, you can create a VM with a custom machine type.
Creating a VM with a custom machine type is ideal for workloads that require more processing power or more memory, but don't need all of the upgrades that are provided by the next larger predefined machine type.
It costs slightly more to use a custom machine type than an equivalent predefined machine type, and there are limitations in the amount of memory and vCPUs that you can select. The on-demand prices for custom machine types include a 5% premium over the on-demand and commitment prices for predefined machine types.
You can create a VM with a custom machine type for only the N and E machine series in the general-purpose machine family. Custom machine types are not available for the C and Tau machine series. Custom machine types are subject to the same Persistent Disk limits as E2, N2, and N1 predefined machine types. The maximum total Persistent Disk size for each VM is 257 TiB and the max number of Persistent Disk is 128. N4 custom machines types are subject to the limitations of Hyperdisk capacity storage.
If a custom machine type doesn't meet your requirements, it's possible to customize the number of visible CPU cores on many machine types. It's also possible to set the number of threads per core for certain machine types. You can make these changes during VM instance creation, or by editing an existing VM instance. Reducing the number of visible cores might impact the cost of your VMs. Be sure to review pricing prior to making any changes.
N4 custom machine types
- For N4 custom machine types, you can create a machine type with 2 to 80 vCPUs with the vCPUs in multiples of 2, and memory between 1 and 640 GB.
- By default, the memory per vCPU that you can select for a custom machine type is determined by the machine series you use. For the N4 machine series, select between 1 GB and 8 GB per vCPU in 256 MB increments. When creating a standard N4 machine type, the minimum memory you can select is 1 GB. Higher amounts of memory are possible by enabling extended memory.
Examples of invalid machine types:
- 2 vCPUs, 0.5 GB of total memory. Invalid because the total memory is less than the minimum 1 GB for an N4 VM.
- 1 vCPU, 1024 MB of memory. Invalid because the vCPU count is too small. N4 custom machine types require a minimum of 2 vCPUs.
Examples of valid machine types:
- 36 vCPUs, 18 GB of total memory. Valid because the total number of vCPUs is even and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 1 GB to 8 GB per vCPU.
- 2 vCPUs, 7 GB of total memory. Valid because it has 2 vCPUs, which is the minimum value, and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 1 GB to 8 GB per vCPU.
N2D custom machine types
- The maximum number of vCPUs allowed for a custom machine type is determined by the machine series you choose. For the N2D machine series, which support AMD EPYC Rome and Milan platforms, you can deploy custom machine types with 2 to 96 vCPUs.
- You can create N2D custom machine types with 2, 4, 8, or 16 vCPUs. After 16, you can increment the number of vCPUs by 16, up to 96 vCPUs. The minimum acceptable number of vCPUs is 2.
- By default, the memory per vCPU that you can select for a custom machine type is determined by the machine series you choose. For N2D machine types, select between 0.5 GB and 8.0 GB per vCPU in 256 MB increments. Higher amounts of memory are possible by enabling extended memory.
- N2D custom machine types are available only in select regions and zones.
- N2D custom machine types support per VM Tier_1 networking performance
maximum egress limits of 50 Gbps to 100 Gbps. When enabled:
- VMs with 48 to 94 vCPUs have a total egress limit of 50 Gbps.
- VMs with 96 vCPUs have a total egress limit of 100 Gbps.
Examples of invalid machine types:
- 2 vCPUs, 0.4 GB of total memory. Invalid because the total memory is less than the minimum 1 GB for an N2D VM.
- 34 vCPUs, 34 GB of total memory. Invalid because the total number of vCPUs is not divisible by 16.
- 1 vCPU, 1024 MB of memory. Invalid because the vCPU count is too small. N2D custom machine types require a minimum of 2 vCPUs.
Examples of valid machine types:
- 32 vCPUs, 16 GB of total memory. Valid because the total number of vCPUs is even and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is 1 GB, which satisfies the minimum requirement. Because the number of vCPUs is larger than 8 vCPUs, the number of vCPUs must be divisible by 16.
- 2 vCPUs, 7 GB of total memory. Valid because it has 2 vCPUs, which is the minimum value, and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 1 GB to 8 GB per vCPU.
N2 custom machine types
- For N2 custom machine types, you can create a machine type with 2 to 80 vCPUs and memory between 1 and 864 GB. For machine types with up to 32 vCPUs, you can select a vCPU count that is a multiple of 2. For machine types with greater than 32 vCPUs, you must select a vCPU count that is a multiple of 4 (for example, 36, 40, 56, or 80).
- You can create N2 custom machine types on different processors:
- Cascade Lake, the 2nd generation of the Intel Xeon processor. This is the default processor for N2 custom machine types with less than 80 vCPUs.
- Ice Lake, the 3rd generation of the Intel Xeon processor. Ice Lake processors are available in specific regions and zones.
- By default, the memory per vCPU that you can select for a custom machine type is determined by the machine series you use. For the N2 machine series, select between 0.5 GB and 8.0 GB per vCPU in 256 MB increments. Higher amounts of memory are possible by enabling extended memory.
- N2 custom machine types have an option for a per VM Tier_1 networking performance maximum
egress of 50 Gbps to 100 Gbps with a minimum of 30 vCPUs.
- 32 to 62 vCPUs have a total egress of 50 Gbps
- 64 to 78 vCPUs have a total egress of 75 Gbps
- 80 vCPUs have a total egress of 100 Gbps
Examples of invalid machine types:
- 2 vCPUs, 0.5 GB of total memory. Invalid because the total memory is less than the minimum 1 GB for an N2 VM.
- 34 vCPUs, 34 GB of total memory. Invalid because the total number of vCPUs is not divisible by 4.
- 1 vCPU, 1024 MB of memory. Invalid because the vCPU count is too small. N2 custom machine types require a minimum of 2 vCPUs.
Examples of valid machine types:
- 36 vCPUs, 18 GB of total memory. Valid because the total number of vCPUs is even and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 0.5 GB to 8 GB per vCPU. Because the number of vCPUs is larger than 32 vCPUs, the number of vCPUs must be divisible by 4.
- 2 vCPUs, 7 GB of total memory. Valid because it has 2 vCPUs, which is the minimum value, and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 0.5 GB to 8 GB per vCPU.
E2 custom machine types
- E2 custom machine types support predefined platforms with Intel or AMD EPYC processors. You can create E2 custom machine types with vCPUs in multiples of 2, up to 32 vCPUs. The minimum acceptable number of vCPUs for a VM is 2.
- By default, the general-purpose machine series you choose determines the memory per vCPU that you can select for a custom machine type. For E2, the ratio of memory per vCPU is 0.5 GB to 8 GB inclusive. When creating a standard E2 machine type, the minimum memory you can select is 1 GB.
- An exception to the minimum vCPU limitation is to create an e2-standard-2
VM, then customize the visible core to 1 vCPU. The resulting VM is an
e2-custom VM. For example, you create an E2 VM using the
e2-standard-2
machine type, stop the VM, and edit it by changing the visible core to 1 vCPU with 1.25 GB of memory. As a result, the machine type changes toe2-custom-2-1280
. Pricing is described in the Customize the number of visible CPU cores document.
Examples of invalid machine types:
- 1 vCPU, 1024 MB of memory. Invalid because the vCPU count is too small. E2 custom machine types require a minimum of 2 vCPUs.
- 32 vCPUs, 1 GB of total memory. Invalid because the ratio of vCPUs to memory is incorrect. The acceptable ratio is 0.5 GB of memory to 1 vCPU.
Examples of valid machine types:
- 32 vCPUs, 16 GB of total memory. Valid because the total number of vCPUs is even and the total memory is an acceptable ratio of memory to vCPU.
- 2 vCPUs, 8 GB of total memory. Valid because it has 2 vCPUs, which is the minimum value, and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 0.5 GB to 8 GB per vCPU.
E2 shared-core custom machine types
E2 shared-core machine types support predefined Intel or AMD EPYC processors, which are preselected for you at the time of VM creation. You can create shared-core machine types with a vCPU range of 0.25 to 1 vCPU. The memory range is 1 to 8 GB, with a maximum ratio of 8 GB per vCPU.
You can't customize the number of visible cores on a shared-core E2 VM.
e2-micro
: 0.25 vCPU, 1 to 2 GB of memorye2-small
: 0.50 vCPU, 1 to 4 GB of memorye2-medium
: 1 vCPU, 1 to 8 GB of memory
N1 custom machine types
- You can create N1 custom machine types with 1 or more vCPUs. For VMs with more than 1 vCPU, you must increment the number of vCPUs by 2, up to 96 vCPUs for Intel Skylake platform,or up to 64 vCPUs for Intel Broadwell, Haswell, or Ivy Bridge CPU platforms.
- By default, the memory per vCPU that you can select for a custom machine type is determined by the machine series you choose. For N1 machine types, select between 1 GB and 6.5 GB per vCPU, inclusive. Higher amounts of memory are possible by enabling extended memory.
Examples of invalid machine types:
- 1 vCPU, 0.2 GB of total memory. Invalid because the total memory is less than the minimum 1 GB for an N1 VM.
- 3 vCPU, 1 GB of total memory. Invalid because the number of vCPU cores must be 1 or an even number up to 96.
Examples of valid machine types:
- 32 vCPUs, 29 GB of total memory. Valid because the total number of vCPUs is even and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is 1 GB, which satisfies the minimum requirement.
- 1 vCPU, 1 GB of total memory. Valid because it has one vCPU, which is the minimum value, and the total memory is a multiple of 256 MB. The amount of memory per vCPU is also within the acceptable range of 1 GB to 6.5 GB per vCPU.
What's next
- Network bandwidth
- Configuring a VM with a high-bandwidth network
- Virtual machine instances
- VM instance pricing