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Questo documento spiega come creare un'istanza di una macchina virtuale (VM) utilizzando un'immagine disco di avvio, uno snapshot di disco di avvio o un'immagine container. Alcune immagini supportano le funzionalità di VM schermate, che offrono funzionalità di sicurezza come il firmware conforme a UEFI, l'avvio protetto e l'avvio con misurazioni protetto da vTPM.
Nelle VM schermate, vTPM e il monitoraggio dell'integrità sono abilitati per impostazione predefinita.
Durante la creazione della VM, puoi creare uno o più dischi. Puoi anche aggiungere altri dischi alla VM dopo la sua creazione. Compute Engine avvia automaticamente l'istanza VM dopo averla creata.
Durante la creazione di una VM, puoi anche aggiungere più interfacce di rete.
Per ridurre l'esposizione della VM alle minacce su Internet, puoi omettere l'indirizzo IP esterno quando aggiungi un'interfaccia di rete all'istanza.
In questi casi, la VM è accessibile solo da altre VM nella stessa rete VPC o in una rete collegata, a meno che non configuri Cloud NAT.
Quando crei VM da immagini o dischi utilizzando Google Cloud CLI o l'API Compute Engine, è previsto un limite di 20 istanze VM al secondo. Se devi creare un numero di VM al secondo più elevato, richiedi un limite di quota più alto per la risorsa Immagini.
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListImagesAsyncSample
{
public async Task ListImagesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
ImagesClient client = await ImagesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
ListImagesRequest request = new ListImagesRequest
{
Project = projectId,
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
Filter = "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED",
// MaxResults indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
MaxResults = 100
};
// Although the MaxResults parameter is specified in the request, the sequence returned
// by the ListAsync() method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
await foreach (var image in client.ListAsync(request))
{
// The result is an Image collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Image: {image.Name}");
}
}
}
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// printImagesList prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
func printImagesList(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
imagesClient, err := compute.NewImagesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewImagesRESTClient: %v", err)
}
defer imagesClient.Close()
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
req := &computepb.ListImagesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(3),
Filter: proto.String("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"),
}
// Although the `MaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterator returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
it := imagesClient.List(ctx, req)
for {
image, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s\n", image.GetName())
}
return nil
}
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient.ListPage;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ListImagesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
// Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
public static void listImages(String project) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
ListImagesRequest imagesRequest = ListImagesRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(100)
.setFilter("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED")
.build();
// Although the `setMaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
int imageCount = 0;
for (Image image : imagesClient.list(imagesRequest).iterateAll()) {
imageCount++;
System.out.println(image.getName());
}
System.out.printf("Image count in %s is: %s", project, imageCount);
}
}
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function listImages() {
const imagesClient = new compute.ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
const images = imagesClient.listAsync({
project: projectId,
maxResults: 3,
filter: 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED',
});
// Although the `maxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `listAsync()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for await (const image of images) {
console.log(` - ${image.name}`);
}
}
listImages();
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ImagesClient;
/**
* Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_all_images(string $projectId)
{
$imagesClient = new ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
$optionalArgs = ['maxResults' => 100, 'filter' => 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED'];
/**
* Although the maxResults parameter is specified in the request, the iterateAllElements() method
* hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple requests to the API for you,
* so you can simply iterate over all the images.
*/
$pagedResponse = $imagesClient->list($projectId, $optionalArgs);
print('=================== Flat list of images ===================' . PHP_EOL);
foreach ($pagedResponse->iterateAllElements() as $element) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $element->getName());
}
}
import google.cloud.compute_v1 as compute_v1
def print_images_list(project: str) -> str:
"""
Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
Returns:
The output as a string.
"""
images_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
images_list_request = compute_v1.ListImagesRequest(
project=project, max_results=100, filter="deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
)
output = []
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for img in images_client.list(request=images_list_request):
print(f" - {img.name}")
output.append(f" - {img.name}")
return "\n".join(output)
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
def print_images_list project:
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Images::Rest::Client.new
# Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
request = {
project: project,
# max_results indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
max_results: 100,
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
filter: "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
}
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
client.list(request).each do |image|
puts " - #{image.name}"
end
end
Crea un'istanza VM da un'immagine pubblica
Google, le community open source e i fornitori di terze parti forniscono e gestiscono immagini di sistema operativo pubbliche. Per impostazione predefinita, tutti i progetti Google Cloud possono creare VM da immagini di sistema operativo pubblico. Tuttavia, se il progetto Cloud ha un elenco definito di immagini attendibili, puoi utilizzare solo le immagini al suo interno per creare una VM.
Per eseguire questa attività, devi disporre delle seguenti autorizzazioni:
compute.instances.create nel progetto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se prevedi di creare un'istanza VM schermata e vuoi poter modificare qualsiasi impostazione della VM schermata
compute.networks.use sul progetto se utilizzi una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.use sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta
(reti VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp nel progetto se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete VPC
compute.addresses.use sul progetto se specifichi un indirizzo statico nel progetto
compute.instances.setMetadata se imposti i metadati
compute.instances.setTags sull'istanza se imposti i tag
compute.instances.setLabels sull'istanza se imposti le etichette
compute.instances.setServiceAccount sull'istanza se imposti l'account di servizio
compute.images.useReadOnly sull'immagine se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice
compute.disks.create nel progetto se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice con questa istanza
compute.disks.useReadOnly sul disco se colleghi un disco permanente esistente in modalità di sola lettura
compute.disks.use sul disco se colleghi un disco esistente in modalità di lettura/scrittura
compute.disks.setLabels sul disco se imposti etichette
compute.snapshots.create nel progetto per creare un nuovo
snapshot se viene creata un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly sullo snapshot se crei un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.instanceTemplates.useReadOnly sul modello di istanza se crei
l'istanza dal modello di istanza
Console
Nella console Google Cloud, vai alla pagina Istanze VM.
(Facoltativo) Modifica la zona per questa VM. Compute Engine randomizza l'elenco delle zone all'interno di ciascuna regione per incoraggiarne l'utilizzo in più zone.
Seleziona una configurazione delle macchine per la tua VM.
Nella sezione Disco di avvio, fai clic su Cambia, quindi procedi nel seguente modo:
Nella scheda Immagini pubbliche, scegli quanto segue:
Sistema operativo
Versione OS
Tipo di disco di avvio
Dimensione del disco di avvio
(Facoltativo) Per le opzioni di configurazione avanzate, fai clic su Mostra configurazione avanzata.
Per confermare le opzioni del disco di avvio, fai clic su Seleziona.
Nella sezione Firewall, per consentire il traffico HTTP o HTTPS verso la VM, seleziona Consenti traffico HTTP o Consenti traffico HTTPS. Quando selezioni una di queste opzioni, Compute Engine aggiunge un tag di rete alla VM, che associa la regola firewall alla VM. Quindi, Compute Engine crea la corrispondente regola firewall in entrata che consente tutto il traffico in entrata su tcp:80 (HTTP) o tcp:443 (HTTPS).
(Facoltativo) Se hai scelto un'immagine sistema operativo che supporti le funzionalità Shielded VM, puoi modificare le impostazioni di Shielded VM.
Per modificare le impostazioni della Shielded VM, espandi la sezione Sicurezza nella sezione Networking, dischi, sicurezza, gestione, single tenancy ed esegui le seguenti operazioni, come richiesto:
Questa operazione crea la VM dall'immagine del sistema operativo più recente e non deprecata.
Ad esempio, se specifichi --image-family=debian-10, Compute Engine crea una VM dall'ultima versione dell'immagine sistema operativo nella famiglia di immagini Debian 10.
# Create a VM instance from a public image
# in the `default` VPC network and subnet
resource "google_compute_instance" "default" {
name = "my-vm"
machine_type = "n1-standard-1"
zone = "us-central1-a"
boot_disk {
initialize_params {
image = "ubuntu-minimal-2210-kinetic-amd64-v20230126"
}
}
network_interface {
network = "default"
access_config {}
}
}
Per scoprire come applicare o rimuovere una configurazione Terraform, vedi Comandi Terraform di base.
API
Seleziona un'immagine pubblica. Prendi nota del nome dell'immagine o della famiglia di immagini e del nome del progetto che contiene l'immagine.
Usa il metodo instances.insert per creare una VM da una famiglia di immagini o da una versione specifica di un'immagine sistema operativo:
IMAGE_PROJECT: progetto
contenente l'immagine
Ad esempio, se specifichi debian-10 come famiglia di immagini, specifica debian-cloud come progetto immagine.
IMAGE or IMAGE_FAMILY: specifica una delle seguenti opzioni:
IMAGE: una versione specifica di un'immagine pubblica
Ad esempio,
"sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/debian-10-buster-v20200309"
IMAGE_FAMILY: una famiglia di immagini In questo modo la VM viene creata dall'immagine del sistema operativo più recente e non deprecata. Ad esempio, se specifichi
"sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
Compute Engine crea una
VM dall'ultima versione dell'immagine del sistema operativo nella famiglia di immagini Debian 10.
NETWORK_NAME: la rete VPC che vuoi utilizzare per la VM. Puoi specificare default in modo che utilizzi la rete predefinita.
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class CreateInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task CreateInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine",
string machineType = "n1-standard-1",
string diskImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
long diskSizeGb = 10,
string networkName = "default")
{
Instance instance = new Instance
{
Name = machineName,
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information on machine types.
MachineType = $"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machineType}",
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
Disks =
{
new AttachedDisk
{
AutoDelete = true,
Boot = true,
Type = ComputeEnumConstants.AttachedDisk.Type.Persistent,
InitializeParams = new AttachedDiskInitializeParams
{
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
SourceImage = diskImage,
DiskSizeGb = diskSizeGb
}
}
},
NetworkInterfaces = { new NetworkInterface { Name = networkName } }
};
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
var instanceCreation = await client.InsertAsync(projectId, zone, instance);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
// The server-side operation is not affected by polling,
// and might finish successfully even if polling times out.
await instanceCreation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstance {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
String instanceName = "instance-name";
createInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
}
// Create a new instance with the provided "instanceName" value in the specified project and zone.
public static void createInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// Below are sample values that can be replaced.
// machineType: machine type of the VM being created.
// * This value uses the format zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}.
// * For a list of machine types, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types
// sourceImage: path to the operating system image to mount.
// * For details about images you can mount, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images
// diskSizeGb: storage size of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
// networkName: network interface to associate with the instance.
String machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/n1-standard-1", zone);
String sourceImage = String
.format("projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/%s", "debian-11");
long diskSizeGb = 10L;
String networkName = "default";
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
// clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk and one network interface.
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(true)
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setDeviceName("disk-1")
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.build())
.build();
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(networkName)
.build();
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addDisks(disk)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s %n", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource)
.build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}
}
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDisk;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Instance;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\NetworkInterface;
/**
* To correctly handle string enums in Cloud Compute library
* use constants defined in the Enums subfolder.
*/
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Enums\AttachedDisk\Type;
/**
* Creates an instance in the specified project and zone.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID of the Cloud project to create the instance in.
* @param string $zone Zone to create the instance in (like "us-central1-a").
* @param string $instanceName Unique name for this Compute Engine instance.
* @param string $machineType Machine type of the instance being created.
* @param string $sourceImage Boot disk image name or family.
* @param string $networkName Network interface to associate with the instance.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function create_instance(
string $projectId,
string $zone,
string $instanceName,
string $machineType = 'n1-standard-1',
string $sourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11',
string $networkName = 'global/networks/default'
) {
// Set the machine type using the specified zone.
$machineTypeFullName = sprintf('zones/%s/machineTypes/%s', $zone, $machineType);
// Describe the source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
$diskInitializeParams = (new AttachedDiskInitializeParams())
->setSourceImage($sourceImage);
$disk = (new AttachedDisk())
->setBoot(true)
->setAutoDelete(true)
->setType(Type::PERSISTENT)
->setInitializeParams($diskInitializeParams);
// Use the network interface provided in the $networkName argument.
$network = (new NetworkInterface())
->setName($networkName);
// Create the Instance object.
$instance = (new Instance())
->setName($instanceName)
->setDisks([$disk])
->setMachineType($machineTypeFullName)
->setNetworkInterfaces([$network]);
// Insert the new Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$operation = $instancesClient->insert($instance, $projectId, $zone);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Instance creation failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error->getMessage());
}
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sends an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the new virtual machine.
# @param [String] machine_type machine type of the VM being created. For example: "e2-standard-2"
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information
# on machine types.
# @param [String] source_image path to the operating system image to mount on your boot
# disk. This can be one of the public images
# (like "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10")
# or a private image you have access to.
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
# @param [String] network_name name of the network you want the new instance to use.
# For example: "global/networks/default" represents the `default`
# network interface, which is created automatically for each project.
def create_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:,
machine_type: "n2-standard-2",
source_image: "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
network_name: "global/networks/default"
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Construct the instance object.
# It can be either a hash or ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance instance.
instance = {
name: instance_name,
machine_type: "zones/#{zone}/machineTypes/#{machine_type}",
# Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
disks: [{
auto_delete: true,
boot: true,
type: :PERSISTENT,
initialize_params: {
source_image: source_image,
disk_size_gb: 10
}
}],
network_interfaces: [{ name: network_name }]
}
# Prepare a request to create the instance in the specified project and zone.
request = { project: project, zone: zone, instance_resource: instance }
puts "Creating the #{instance_name} instance in #{zone}..."
begin
# Send the insert request.
operation = client.insert request
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
operation = wait_until_done operation: operation
if operation.error?
warn "Error during creation:", operation.error
else
compute_operation = operation.operation
warn "Warning during creation:", compute_operation.warnings unless compute_operation.warnings.empty?
puts "Instance #{instance_name} created."
end
rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
warn "Exception during creation:", e
end
end
Crea una VM da un'immagine personalizzata
Un'immagine personalizzata appartiene solo al tuo progetto. Per creare una VM con un'immagine personalizzata, devi prima creare un'immagine personalizzata se non ne hai già una.
Autorizzazioni richieste per questa attività
Per eseguire questa attività, devi disporre delle seguenti autorizzazioni:
compute.instances.create nel progetto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se prevedi di creare un'istanza VM schermata e vuoi poter modificare qualsiasi impostazione della VM schermata
compute.networks.use sul progetto se utilizzi una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.use sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta
(reti VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp nel progetto se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete VPC
compute.addresses.use sul progetto se specifichi un indirizzo statico nel progetto
compute.instances.setMetadata se imposti i metadati
compute.instances.setTags sull'istanza se imposti i tag
compute.instances.setLabels sull'istanza se imposti le etichette
compute.instances.setServiceAccount sull'istanza se imposti l'account di servizio
compute.images.useReadOnly sull'immagine se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice
compute.disks.create nel progetto se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice con questa istanza
compute.disks.useReadOnly sul disco se colleghi un disco permanente esistente in modalità di sola lettura
compute.disks.use sul disco se colleghi un disco esistente in modalità di lettura/scrittura
compute.disks.setLabels sul disco se imposti etichette
compute.snapshots.create nel progetto per creare un nuovo
snapshot se viene creata un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly sullo snapshot se crei un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.instanceTemplates.useReadOnly sul modello di istanza se crei
l'istanza dal modello di istanza
Console
Nella console Google Cloud, vai alla pagina Istanze VM.
(Facoltativo) Modifica la zona per questa VM. Compute Engine randomizza l'elenco delle zone all'interno di ciascuna regione per incoraggiarne l'utilizzo in più zone.
Seleziona una configurazione delle macchine per la tua VM.
Nella sezione Disco di avvio, fai clic su Cambia, quindi procedi nel seguente modo:
Seleziona la scheda Immagini personalizzate.
Per selezionare il progetto immagine, fai clic su Seleziona un progetto e poi procedi nel seguente modo:
Seleziona il progetto che contiene l'immagine.
Fai clic su Apri.
Nell'elenco Immagine, fai clic sull'immagine da importare.
Seleziona il tipo e la dimensione del disco di avvio.
(Facoltativo) Per le opzioni di configurazione avanzate, fai clic su Mostra configurazione avanzata.
Per confermare le opzioni del disco di avvio, fai clic su Seleziona.
Nella sezione Firewall, per consentire il traffico HTTP o HTTPS verso la VM, seleziona Consenti traffico HTTP o Consenti traffico HTTPS.
La console Google Cloud aggiunge un tag di rete alla tua VM e crea la regola firewall in entrata corrispondente che consente tutto il traffico in entrata su tcp:80 (HTTP) o tcp:443 (HTTPS). Il tag di rete associa la regola firewall alla VM. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta la panoramica delle regole firewall nella documentazione di Virtual Private Cloud.
In questo modo la VM viene creata dalla versione del sistema operativo e dalla versione del sistema operativo più recenti e non deprecate nella famiglia di immagini personalizzate.
Ad esempio, se specifichi --image-family=my-debian-family, Compute Engine crea una VM dall'immagine sistema operativo più recente nella tua famiglia di immagini my-debian-family personalizzata.
SUBNET: se la subnet e l'istanza si trovano nello stesso progetto, sostituisci SUBNET con il nome di una subnet che si trova nella stessa regione dell'istanza.
API
Il processo di creazione di una VM con un'immagine personalizzata nell'API è lo stesso di una VM con un'immagine disponibile pubblicamente.
In questo modo la VM viene creata dall'immagine del sistema operativo più recente e non deprecata nella tua famiglia di immagini personalizzate.
Ad esempio, se specifichi
"sourceImage": "projects/my-project-1234/global/images/family/my-debian-family",
Compute Engine crea una VM dall'ultima versione dell'immagine del sistema operativo
nella famiglia di immagini my-debian-family personalizzate.
NETWORK_NAME: la rete VPC che vuoi utilizzare per la VM. Puoi specificare default in modo che utilizzi la rete predefinita.
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstancesAdvanced {
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the source
* for the new disk.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @param boot boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an
* instance
* @param sourceImage source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to
* this disk. This can be one of the publicly available images or an image from one of your
* projects. This value uses the following format:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
*/
private static AttachedDisk diskFromImage(String diskType, int diskSizeGb, boolean boot,
String sourceImage) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(boot)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param disks a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks you want to attach
* to your new instance.
* @param machineType machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
* For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
* @param network name of the network you want the new instance to use. For example:
* "global/networks/default" represents the network named "default", which is created
* automatically for each project.
* @param subnetwork name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use. This value uses the
* following format: "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
private static Instance createWithDisks(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks, String machineType, String network, String subnetwork)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface;
if (subnetwork != null) {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).setSubnetwork(subnetwork)
.build();
} else {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).build();
}
machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType);
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addAllDisks(disks)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s ", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return null;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return instancesClient.get(project, zone, instanceName);
}
}
/**
* Create a new VM instance with custom image used as its boot disk.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param customImage link to the custom image you want to use in the form of:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
public static Instance createFromCustomImage(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
String customImage)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
String diskType = String.format("zones/%s/diskTypes/pd-standard", zone);
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks = new Vector<>();
disks.add(diskFromImage(diskType, 10, true, customImage));
return createWithDisks(project, zone, instanceName, disks, "n1-standard-1",
"global/networks/default", null);
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_from_custom_image(
project_id: str, zone: str, instance_name: str, custom_image_link: str
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Create a new VM instance with custom image used as its boot disk.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
custom_image_link: link to the custom image you want to use in the form of:
"projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [disk_from_image(disk_type, 10, True, custom_image_link, True)]
instance = create_instance(project_id, zone, instance_name, disks)
return instance
Crea un'istanza VM con dischi non di avvio aggiuntivi
Console
Nella console Google Cloud, vai alla pagina Istanze VM.
(Facoltativo) Modifica la zona per questa VM. Compute Engine randomizza l'elenco delle zone all'interno di ciascuna regione per incoraggiarne l'utilizzo in più zone.
Seleziona una configurazione delle macchine per la tua VM.
Nella sezione Disco di avvio, fai clic su Cambia, quindi procedi nel seguente modo:
Nella scheda Immagini pubbliche, scegli quanto segue:
Sistema operativo
Versione OS
Tipo di disco di avvio
Dimensione del disco di avvio
(Facoltativo) Per le opzioni di configurazione avanzate, fai clic su Mostra configurazione avanzata.
Per confermare le opzioni del disco di avvio, fai clic su Seleziona.
Nella sezione Firewall, per consentire il traffico HTTP o HTTPS verso la VM, seleziona Consenti traffico HTTP o Consenti traffico HTTPS. Quando selezioni una di queste opzioni, Compute Engine aggiunge un tag di rete alla tua VM, che associa la regola firewall alla VM. Quindi, Compute Engine crea la regola firewall in entrata corrispondente che consente tutto il traffico in entrata su tcp:80 (HTTP) o tcp:443 (HTTPS).
Per aggiungere dischi non di avvio alla VM, espandi la sezione Networking, dischi, sicurezza, gestione, single tenancy, quindi segui questi passaggi:
Espandi la sezione Dischi.
Fai clic su Aggiungi nuovo disco, quindi procedi nel seguente modo:
Specifica un Nome, un Tipo, un Tipo di origine e una Dimensione per il disco.
Nella sezione Impostazioni allegati, seleziona Modalità dell'allegato del disco e Regola di eliminazione. Per saperne di più sull'aggiunta di nuovi dischi, consulta la pagina Aggiungere un disco permanente alla VM.
Puoi aggiungere fino a 128 dischi non di avvio durante la creazione della VM. Specifica il flag --create-disk per ogni disco non di avvio che crei.
Per creare dischi non di avvio da un'immagine pubblica o stock, specifica le proprietà image o image-family e image-project con il flag --create-disk. Per creare un disco vuoto, non includere queste proprietà. Facoltativamente, puoi includere proprietà per il disco size e type.
Questa operazione crea la VM dall'immagine del sistema operativo più recente e non deprecata. Ad esempio, se specifichi --image-family=debian-10, Compute Engine crea una VM dall'ultima versione dell'immagine del sistema operativo nella famiglia di immagini Debian 10.
Per i dischi aggiuntivi, sostituisci quanto segue:
DISK_IMAGE oppure
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: specifica una delle seguenti opzioni:
DISK_IMAGE: nome dell'immagine che vuoi utilizzare come disco non di avvio
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: una famiglia di immagini
da utilizzare come disco non di avvio
DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT: un progetto immagine a cui appartiene l'immagine del disco
SIZE_GB: (facoltativo) dimensioni del disco non di avvio
DISK_TYPE: facoltativo: URL completo o parziale per il tipo del disco permanente
Ad esempio, https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE/diskTypes/pd-ssd.
Per visualizzare i tipi di disco disponibili, esegui il comando gcloud compute disk-types list.
Per i dischi vuoti, non specificare i parametri DISK_IMAGE, DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY o DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT.
API
Puoi creare fino a 128 dischi non di avvio nel momento in cui crei una VM utilizzando la proprietà initializeParams per ogni disco aggiuntivo. Crea dischi aggiuntivi con un'immagine pubblica o privata.
Per aggiungere un disco vuoto, definisci la voce initializeParams senza valore sourceImage.
IMAGE_PROJECT: progetto
contenente l'immagine
Ad esempio, se specifichi debian-10 come famiglia di immagini, specifica debian-cloud come progetto immagine.
IMAGE or IMAGE_FAMILY: specifica una delle seguenti opzioni:
IMAGE: una versione specifica di un'immagine pubblica
Ad esempio,
"sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/debian-10-buster-v20200309"
IMAGE_FAMILY: una famiglia di immagini In questo modo la VM viene creata dall'immagine del sistema operativo più recente e non deprecata. Ad esempio, se specifichi
"sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
Compute Engine crea una
VM dall'ultima versione dell'immagine del sistema operativo nella famiglia di immagini Debian 10.
Per i dischi aggiuntivi, sostituisci quanto segue:
SIZE_GB: dimensione disco
DISK_IMAGE oppure
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: specifica un'immagine di origine o una famiglia di immagini per il disco non di avvio:
DISK_IMAGE: nome dell'immagine che vuoi utilizzare come disco non di avvio. Ad esempio: "sourceImage": "projects/DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT/global/images/DISK_IMAGE".
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: una famiglia di immagini da utilizzare come disco non di avvio. Ad esempio "sourceImage": "projects/DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT/global/images/family/DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY".
DISK_TYPE: URL completo o parziale per il tipo del disco permanente.
Ad esempio: https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE/diskTypes/pd-ssd.
Per i dischi vuoti, non specificare i parametri DISK_IMAGE, DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY o DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT.
NETWORK_NAME: la rete VPC che vuoi utilizzare per la VM. Puoi specificare default in modo che utilizzi la rete predefinita.
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstancesAdvanced {
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the source
* for the new disk.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @param boot boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an
* instance
* @param sourceImage source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to
* this disk. This can be one of the publicly available images or an image from one of your
* projects. This value uses the following format:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
*/
private static AttachedDisk diskFromImage(String diskType, int diskSizeGb, boolean boot,
String sourceImage) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(boot)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. The created disk contains no
* data and requires formatting before it can be used.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created as an empty disk.
*/
private static AttachedDisk emptyDisk(String diskType, int diskSizeGb) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(false)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param disks a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks you want to attach
* to your new instance.
* @param machineType machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
* For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
* @param network name of the network you want the new instance to use. For example:
* "global/networks/default" represents the network named "default", which is created
* automatically for each project.
* @param subnetwork name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use. This value uses the
* following format: "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
private static Instance createWithDisks(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks, String machineType, String network, String subnetwork)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface;
if (subnetwork != null) {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).setSubnetwork(subnetwork)
.build();
} else {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).build();
}
machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType);
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addAllDisks(disks)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s ", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return null;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return instancesClient.get(project, zone, instanceName);
}
}
/**
* Create a new VM instance with Debian 10 operating system and a 11 GB additional empty disk.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @return Instance object.
*/
public static Instance createWithAdditionalDisk(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
Image image = imagesClient.getFromFamily("debian-cloud", "debian-10");
String diskType = String.format("zones/%s/diskTypes/pd-standard", zone);
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks = new Vector<>();
disks.add(diskFromImage(diskType, 10, true, image.getSelfLink()));
disks.add(emptyDisk(diskType, 11));
return createWithDisks(project, zone, instanceName, disks, "n1-standard-1",
"global/networks/default", null);
}
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def empty_disk(
disk_type: str, disk_size_gb: int, boot: bool = False, auto_delete: bool = True
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk():
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. The created disk contains
no data and requires formatting before it can be used.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created as an empty disk.
"""
disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
disk.boot = boot
return disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_with_additional_disk(
project_id: str, zone: str, instance_name: str
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Create a new VM instance with Debian 10 operating system on a 20 GB disk
and a 25 GB additional empty disk.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
newest_debian = get_image_from_family(project="debian-cloud", family="debian-10")
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [
disk_from_image(disk_type, 20, True, newest_debian.self_link),
empty_disk(disk_type, 25),
]
instance = create_instance(project_id, zone, instance_name, disks)
return instance
Per eseguire questa attività, devi disporre delle seguenti autorizzazioni:
compute.instances.create nel progetto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se prevedi di creare un'istanza VM schermata e vuoi poter modificare qualsiasi impostazione della VM schermata
compute.networks.use sul progetto se utilizzi una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.use sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta
(reti VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp nel progetto se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete VPC
compute.addresses.use sul progetto se specifichi un indirizzo statico nel progetto
compute.instances.setMetadata se imposti i metadati
compute.instances.setTags sull'istanza se imposti i tag
compute.instances.setLabels sull'istanza se imposti le etichette
compute.instances.setServiceAccount sull'istanza se imposti l'account di servizio
compute.images.useReadOnly sull'immagine se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice
compute.disks.create nel progetto se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice con questa istanza
compute.disks.useReadOnly sul disco se colleghi un disco permanente esistente in modalità di sola lettura
compute.disks.use sul disco se colleghi un disco esistente in modalità di lettura/scrittura
compute.disks.setLabels sul disco se imposti etichette
compute.snapshots.create nel progetto per creare un nuovo
snapshot se viene creata un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly sullo snapshot se crei un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.instanceTemplates.useReadOnly sul modello di istanza se crei
l'istanza dal modello di istanza
Ripristino di un disco non di avvio: se hai eseguito il backup di un disco non di avvio con snapshot, puoi ripristinare lo snapshot su un nuovo disco non di avvio quando crei una VM. Per le istruzioni, consulta Creazione di una VM con un disco non di avvio basato su uno snapshot.
Per eseguire il deployment e avviare un container su una VM di Compute Engine, specifica il nome dell'immagine container e i parametri di configurazione facoltativi quando crei la VM. Compute Engine crea la VM utilizzando la versione più recente dell'immagine pubblica del sistema operativo ottimizzata per i container, con Docker installato. Quindi, Compute Engine avvia il container all'avvio della VM. Per saperne di più, consulta Deployment di container sulle VM.
Per creare una VM da un'immagine container, devi utilizzare la console Google Cloud o gcloud.
Autorizzazioni richieste per questa attività
Per eseguire questa attività, devi disporre delle seguenti autorizzazioni:
compute.instances.create nel progetto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se prevedi di creare un'istanza VM schermata e vuoi poter modificare qualsiasi impostazione della VM schermata
compute.networks.use sul progetto se utilizzi una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.use sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta
(reti VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp nel progetto se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete VPC
compute.addresses.use sul progetto se specifichi un indirizzo statico nel progetto
compute.instances.setMetadata se imposti i metadati
compute.instances.setTags sull'istanza se imposti i tag
compute.instances.setLabels sull'istanza se imposti le etichette
compute.instances.setServiceAccount sull'istanza se imposti l'account di servizio
compute.images.useReadOnly sull'immagine se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice
compute.disks.create nel progetto se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice con questa istanza
compute.disks.useReadOnly sul disco se colleghi un disco permanente esistente in modalità di sola lettura
compute.disks.use sul disco se colleghi un disco esistente in modalità di lettura/scrittura
compute.disks.setLabels sul disco se imposti etichette
compute.snapshots.create nel progetto per creare un nuovo
snapshot se viene creata un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly sullo snapshot se crei un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.instanceTemplates.useReadOnly sul modello di istanza se crei
l'istanza dal modello di istanza
Console
Nella console Google Cloud, vai alla pagina Istanze VM.
Per eseguire il deployment di un'immagine container Apache da Docker Hub, specifica sempre
il nome completo dell'immagine Docker:
docker.io/httpd:2.4.
Creare un'istanza VM con accesso ad altri servizi Google Cloud
Se prevedi di eseguire un'applicazione sulla tua VM che deve accedere ad altri servizi Google Cloud, crea un account di servizio prima di creare la VM, quindi configura la VM per l'esecuzione come account di servizio.
Un account di servizio è un account speciale le cui credenziali puoi utilizzare nel codice dell'applicazione per accedere ad altri servizi Google Cloud.
Per eseguire questa attività, devi disporre delle seguenti autorizzazioni:
compute.instances.create nel progetto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se prevedi di creare un'istanza VM schermata e vuoi poter modificare qualsiasi impostazione della VM schermata
compute.networks.use sul progetto se utilizzi una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.use sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta
(reti VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp nel progetto se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete legacy
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp sull'intero progetto o sulla subnet scelta se devi assegnare un indirizzo IP esterno (temporaneo o statico) all'istanza utilizzando una rete VPC
compute.addresses.use sul progetto se specifichi un indirizzo statico nel progetto
compute.instances.setMetadata se imposti i metadati
compute.instances.setTags sull'istanza se imposti i tag
compute.instances.setLabels sull'istanza se imposti le etichette
compute.instances.setServiceAccount sull'istanza se imposti l'account di servizio
compute.images.useReadOnly sull'immagine se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice
compute.disks.create nel progetto se crei un nuovo disco permanente radice con questa istanza
compute.disks.useReadOnly sul disco se colleghi un disco permanente esistente in modalità di sola lettura
compute.disks.use sul disco se colleghi un disco esistente in modalità di lettura/scrittura
compute.disks.setLabels sul disco se imposti etichette
compute.snapshots.create nel progetto per creare un nuovo
snapshot se viene creata un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly sullo snapshot se crei un'istanza da uno snapshot
compute.instanceTemplates.useReadOnly sul modello di istanza se crei
l'istanza dal modello di istanza
Per impostazione predefinita, Google Cloud crea una rete VPC in modalità automatica denominata default per ogni progetto.
Per utilizzare una rete diversa o una subnet creata manualmente in una rete VPC in modalità automatica o personalizzata, devi specificare la subnet quando crei la VM.
Durante la creazione di una VM in una subnet, tieni presente queste regole:
Se non specifichi una rete o una subnet, Compute Engine utilizza la rete VPC predefinita e la subnet automatica che si trovano nella stessa regione della VM.
Se non specifichi una rete, Compute Engine deduce la rete dalla subnet specificata.
Se specifichi una rete, devi specificare una subnet che deve appartenere alla stessa rete. In caso contrario, la creazione della VM non riesce.
Console
Nella console Google Cloud, vai alla pagina Istanze VM.
(Facoltativo) Modifica la zona per questa VM. Compute Engine randomizza l'elenco delle zone all'interno di ciascuna regione per incoraggiarne l'utilizzo in più zone.
Nella sezione Firewall, per consentire il traffico HTTP o HTTPS alla VM, seleziona Consenti traffico HTTP o Consenti traffico HTTPS.
La console Google Cloud aggiunge un tag di rete alla tua VM e crea la regola firewall in entrata corrispondente che consente tutto il traffico in entrata su tcp:80 (HTTP) o tcp:443 (HTTPS). Il tag di rete associa la regola firewall alla VM. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta la panoramica delle regole firewall nella documentazione di Virtual Private Cloud.
Espandi la sezione Networking, dischi, sicurezza, gestione, single tenancy.
Espandi la sezione Networking.
Per Interfacce di rete, specifica i dettagli della rete:
Nel campo Rete, seleziona la rete VPC che contiene la subnet che hai creato.
Nel campo Subnet, seleziona la subnet da utilizzare per la VM.
# Create a VM in a custom VPC network and subnet
resource "google_compute_instance" "custom_subnet" {
name = "my-vm-instance"
tags = ["allow-ssh"]
zone = "europe-west1-b"
machine_type = "e2-small"
network_interface {
network = google_compute_network.custom.id
subnetwork = google_compute_subnetwork.custom.id
}
boot_disk {
initialize_params {
image = "debian-cloud/debian-10"
}
}
}
Per scoprire come applicare o rimuovere una configurazione Terraform, vedi Comandi Terraform di base.
API
Segui le istruzioni dell'API per creare una VM da un'immagine o da uno snapshot, ma specifica il campo subnet nel corpo della richiesta. Per aggiungere dischi vuoti, non aggiungere un'immagine di origine. Facoltativamente, puoi specificare le proprietà diskSizeGb, diskType e labels.
IMAGE_PROJECT: progetto
contenente l'immagine
Ad esempio, se specifichi debian-10 come famiglia di immagini, specifica debian-cloud come progetto immagine.
IMAGE or IMAGE_FAMILY: specifica una delle seguenti opzioni:
IMAGE: una versione specifica di un'immagine pubblica
Ad esempio,
"sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/debian-10-buster-v20200309"
IMAGE_FAMILY: una famiglia di immagini In questo modo la VM viene creata dall'immagine del sistema operativo più recente e non deprecata. Ad esempio, se specifichi
"sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
Compute Engine crea una
VM dall'ultima versione dell'immagine del sistema operativo nella famiglia di immagini Debian 10.
NETWORK_NAME: la rete VPC che vuoi utilizzare per la VM. Puoi specificare default in modo che utilizzi la rete predefinita.
REGION: regione in cui esiste la subnet specificata
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstancesAdvanced {
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the source
* for the new disk.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @param boot boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an
* instance
* @param sourceImage source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to
* this disk. This can be one of the publicly available images or an image from one of your
* projects. This value uses the following format:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
*/
private static AttachedDisk diskFromImage(String diskType, int diskSizeGb, boolean boot,
String sourceImage) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(boot)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param disks a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks you want to attach
* to your new instance.
* @param machineType machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
* For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
* @param network name of the network you want the new instance to use. For example:
* "global/networks/default" represents the network named "default", which is created
* automatically for each project.
* @param subnetwork name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use. This value uses the
* following format: "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
private static Instance createWithDisks(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks, String machineType, String network, String subnetwork)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface;
if (subnetwork != null) {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).setSubnetwork(subnetwork)
.build();
} else {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).build();
}
machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType);
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addAllDisks(disks)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s ", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return null;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return instancesClient.get(project, zone, instanceName);
}
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sy