Windows Server에서 인스턴스를 만들려면 필요한 특정 Windows 버전의 이미지 계열을 지정합니다.
Compute Engine은 여러 버전의 Windows Server를 제공하며 그 중 대부분이 보안 VM 이미지로 제공됩니다.
보안 VM 이미지는 UEFI 규격 펌웨어, 보안 부팅, vTPM 보호가 적용된 신중한 부팅 같은 보안 기능을 제공합니다. 사용할 수 있는 이미지 계열의 목록은 공개 이미지를 참조하세요.
세 개 이상의 동시 실행 원격 데스크톱 세션이 필요한 경우 원격 데스크톱 세션(RDS) 클라이언트 액세스 라이선스(CAL)를 구매해야 합니다. 자세한 내용은 클라이언트 액세스 라이선스(CAL)로 RDS 배포 라이선스를 참조하세요.
Microsoft Active Directory 작업
새 인스턴스에 Microsoft Active Directory(AD)를 사용하려는 경우 표시된 시스템의 최대 이름 길이 제한을 충족하도록 인스턴스 이름이 15자(영문 기준) 이하여야 합니다.
AD에서는 인스턴스 이름이 15자로 잘린 상태로 생성된 머신의 NetBIOS 이름이 사용됩니다. 따라서 도메인 사용자로 로그인하려고 시도할 때 다음 오류가 발생할 수 있습니다.
The Security Database on the Server does not have a Computer Account for this Workstation Trust Relationship.
원하는 경우 VM의 보안 VM 설정을 변경하려면 고급 옵션 섹션을 펼칩니다. 그런 후 다음 작업을 수행합니다.
보안 섹션을 펼칩니다.
보안 부팅을 중지하려면 보안 부팅 설정 체크박스를 선택 취소합니다.
보안 부팅을 사용하면 부팅 수준 및 커널 수준의 멀웨어와 루트킷으로부터 VM 인스턴스를 보호할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 보안 부팅을 참조하세요.
vTPM(Virtual Trusted Platform Module)을 중지하려면 vTPM 설정 체크박스를 선택 취소합니다. vTPM은 신중한 부팅을 사용 설정하여 VM 사전 부팅 및 부팅 무결성을 검증합니다. 자세한 내용은 Virtual Trusted Platform Module(vTPM)을 참조하세요.
무결성 모니터링을 중지하려면 무결성 모니터링 사용 설정 체크박스를 선택 취소합니다. 무결성 모니터링을 사용하면 Cloud Monitoring을 통해 보안 VM의 VM 부팅 무결성을 모니터링할 수 있습니다.
자세한 내용은 무결성 모니터링을 참조하세요.
[BOOT_DISK_SIZE]는 부팅 디스크의 크기(GB 단위)입니다.
영구 디스크가 클수록 처리량이 높습니다.
[BOOT_DISK_TYPE]은 인스턴스의 부팅 디스크 유형입니다. 예를 들면 pd-ssd입니다.
보안 VM을 지원하는 이미지를 선택한 경우 다음 플래그 중 하나를 사용하여 인스턴스의 보안 VM 설정을 선택적으로 변경할 수 있습니다.
--no-shielded-secure-boot: 보안 부팅을 중지합니다.
보안 부팅을 사용하면 부팅 수준 및 커널 수준의 멀웨어와 루트킷으로부터 VM 인스턴스를 보호할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 보안 부팅을 참조하세요.
--no-shielded-vtpm: vTPM(Virtual Trusted Platform Module)을 사용 중지합니다. vTPM을 사용하면 신중한 부팅을 통해 VM 사전 부팅 및 부팅 무결성을 검증할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 vTPM(Virtual Trusted Platform Module)을 참조하세요.
--no-shielded-integrity-monitoring: 무결성 모니터링을 중지합니다.
무결성 모니터링을 사용하면 Cloud Monitoring을 통해 보안 VM 인스턴스의 부팅 무결성을 모니터링할 수 있습니다.
자세한 내용은 무결성 모니터링을 참조하세요.
다음 예시에서는 보안 부팅이 사용 중지된 상태로 Windows 2022 보안 VM 인스턴스를 만듭니다.
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AccessConfig;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateWindowsServerInstanceExternalIp {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
// projectId - ID or number of the project you want to use.
String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";
// zone - Name of the zone you want to use, for example: us-west3-b
String zone = "europe-central2-b";
// instanceName - Name of the new machine.
String instanceName = "instance-name";
createWindowsServerInstanceExternalIp(projectId, zone, instanceName);
}
// Creates a new Windows Server instance that has an external IP address.
public static void createWindowsServerInstanceExternalIp(String projectId, String zone,
String instanceName)
throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
// machineType - Machine type you want to create in following format:
// * "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}". For example:
// * "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
// * You can find the list of available machine types using:
// * https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/machine-types/list
String machineType = "n1-standard-1";
// sourceImageFamily - Name of the public image family for Windows Server or SQL Server images.
// * https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images#os-compute-support
String sourceImageFamily = "windows-2022";
// Instantiates a client.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
AttachedDisk attachedDisk = AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
// Describe the size and source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
.setInitializeParams(AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setDiskSizeGb(64)
.setSourceImage(
String.format("projects/windows-cloud/global/images/family/%s",
sourceImageFamily))
.build())
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setBoot(true)
.setType(AttachedDisk.Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.build();
Instance instance = Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType))
.addDisks(attachedDisk)
.addNetworkInterfaces(NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.addAccessConfigs(AccessConfig.newBuilder()
.setType("ONE_TO_ONE_NAT")
.setName("External NAT")
.build())
// If you're going to use a custom VPC network, it must be configured
// to allow access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com.
// https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-managing-windows-instances#kms-server.
.setName("global/networks/default")
.build())
// If you chose an image that supports Shielded VM, you can optionally change the
// instance's Shielded VM settings.
// .setShieldedInstanceConfig(ShieldedInstanceConfig.newBuilder()
// .setEnableSecureBoot(true)
// .setEnableVtpm(true)
// .setEnableIntegrityMonitoring(true)
// .build())
.build();
InsertInstanceRequest request = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(projectId)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instance)
.build();
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(request).get(5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (operation.hasError()) {
System.out.printf("Error in creating instance %s", operation.getError());
return;
}
System.out.printf("Instance created %s", instanceName);
}
}
}
from __future__ import annotations
import re
import sys
from typing import Any
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: list[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: list[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.network = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.scheduling.on_host_maintenance = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.OnHostMaintenance.TERMINATE.name
)
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_windows_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
machine_type: str,
source_image_family: str = "windows-2022",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str | None = None,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Creates a new Windows Server instance that has only an internal IP address.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
machine_type: machine type you want to create in following format:
"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}". For example:
"zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
You can find the list of available machine types using:
https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/machine-types/list
source_image_family: name of the public image family for Windows Server or SQL Server images.
https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images#os-compute-support
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
if subnetwork_link is None:
subnetwork_link = f"regions/{zone}/subnetworks/default"
base_image = get_image_from_family(
project="windows-cloud", family=source_image_family
)
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [disk_from_image(disk_type, 100, True, base_image.self_link, True)]
# You must verify or configure routes and firewall rules in your VPC network
# to allow access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com.
# More information about access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-managing-windows-instances#kms-server
# Additionally, you must enable Private Google Access for subnets in your VPC network
# that contain Windows instances with only internal IP addresses.
# More information about Private Google Access: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access#enabling
instance = create_instance(
project_id,
zone,
instance_name,
disks,
machine_type=machine_type,
network_link=network_link,
subnetwork_link=subnetwork_link,
external_access=True, # Set this to False to disable external IP for your instance
)
return instance
REST
API를 사용하여 인스턴스를 만들려면 인스턴스 생성 요청에 initializeParams 속성을 포함하고 Windows 이미지를 지정합니다. 예를 들어 요청 본문의 형식은 다음과 같습니다.
[BOOT_DISK_SIZE]는 부팅 디스크의 크기(GB 단위)입니다.
영구 디스크가 클수록 처리량이 높습니다.
[BOOT_DISK_TYPE]은 인스턴스의 부팅 디스크 유형입니다. 예를 들면 pd-ssd입니다.
보안 VM을 지원하는 이미지를 선택한 경우에는 다음 부울 요청 본문 항목을 사용하여 인스턴스의 보안 VM 설정을 변경할 수도 있습니다.
enableSecureBoot: 보안 부팅을 사용 설정 또는 중지합니다.
보안 부팅을 사용하면 부팅 수준 및 커널 수준의 멀웨어와 루트킷으로부터 VM 인스턴스를 보호할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 보안 부팅을 참조하세요.
enableVtpm: vTPM(Virtual Trusted Platform Module)을 사용 설정 또는 사용 중지합니다. vTPM을 사용하면 신중한 부팅을 통해 VM 사전 부팅 및 부팅 무결성을 검증할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 vTPM(Virtual Trusted Platform Module)을 참조하세요.
enableIntegrityMonitoring: 무결성 모니터링을 사용 설정 또는 중지합니다. 무결성 모니터링을 사용하면 Cloud Monitoring 보고서를 통해 보안 VM 인스턴스의 런타임 부팅 무결성을 모니터링하고 확인할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 무결성 모니터링을 참조하세요.
내부 IP 주소만 있는 Windows Server 인스턴스를 만들려면 VPC 네트워크에서 kms.windows.googlecloud.com에 대한 액세스를 허용하는 경로 및 방화벽 규칙을 확인하거나 구성해야 합니다. 또한 VPC 네트워크에서 내부 IP 주소만 있는 Windows 인스턴스가 포함된 서브넷에 대한 비공개 Google 액세스를 사용 설정해야 합니다.
gcloud
gcloud CLI를 사용하여 새 인스턴스를 만들 때 --no-address 플래그를 사용하여 외부 IP 주소가 할당되지 않았는지 확인할 수 있습니다.
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// createWndowsServerInstanceInternalIP creates a new Windows Server instance
// that has only an internal IP address.
func createWndowsServerInstanceInternalIP(
w io.Writer,
projectID, zone, instanceName, machineType, sourceImageFamily, networkLink, subnetworkLink string,
) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
// machineType := "n1-standard-1"
// sourceImageFamily := "windows-2022"
// networkLink := "global/networks/default"
// subnetworkLink := "regions/europe-central2/subnetworks/default"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
disk := &computepb.AttachedDisk{
// Describe the size and source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
InitializeParams: &computepb.AttachedDiskInitializeParams{
DiskSizeGb: proto.Int64(64),
SourceImage: proto.String(
fmt.Sprintf(
"projects/windows-cloud/global/images/family/%s",
sourceImageFamily,
),
),
},
AutoDelete: proto.Bool(true),
Boot: proto.Bool(true),
}
network := &computepb.NetworkInterface{
// You must verify or configure routes and firewall rules in your VPC network
// to allow access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com.
// More information about access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com:
// https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-managing-windows-instances#kms-server
// Additionally, you must enable Private Google Access for subnets in your VPC network
// that contain Windows instances with only internal IP addresses.
// More information about Private Google Access:
// https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access#enabling
Name: proto.String(networkLink),
Subnetwork: proto.String(subnetworkLink),
}
inst := &computepb.Instance{
Name: proto.String(instanceName),
Disks: []*computepb.AttachedDisk{
disk,
},
MachineType: proto.String(fmt.Sprintf("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType)),
NetworkInterfaces: []*computepb.NetworkInterface{
network,
},
// If you chose an image that supports Shielded VM,
// you can optionally change the instance's Shielded VM settings.
// ShieldedInstanceConfig: &computepb.ShieldedInstanceConfig{
// EnableSecureBoot: proto.Bool(true),
// EnableVtpm: proto.Bool(true),
// EnableIntegrityMonitoring: proto.Bool(true),
// },
}
req := &computepb.InsertInstanceRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
InstanceResource: inst,
}
op, err := instancesClient.Insert(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to create instance: %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance created\n")
return nil
}
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateWindowsServerInstanceInternalIp {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
// projectId - ID or number of the project you want to use.
String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";
// zone - Name of the zone you want to use, for example: us-west3-b
String zone = "europe-central2-b";
// instanceName - Name of the new machine.
String instanceName = "instance-name";
// networkLink - Name of the network you want the new instance to use.
// * For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
// * named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
String networkLink = "global/networks/default";
// subnetworkLink - Name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
// * This value uses the following format:
// * "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
String subnetworkLink = "regions/europe-central2/subnetworks/default";
createWindowsServerInstanceInternalIp(projectId, zone, instanceName, networkLink,
subnetworkLink);
}
// Creates a new Windows Server instance that has only an internal IP address.
public static void createWindowsServerInstanceInternalIp(String projectId, String zone,
String instanceName, String networkLink, String subnetworkLink)
throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
// machineType - Machine type you want to create in following format:
// * "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}". For example:
// * "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
// * You can find the list of available machine types using:
// * https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/machine-types/list
String machineType = "n1-standard-1";
// sourceImageFamily - Name of the public image family for Windows Server or SQL Server images.
// * https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images#os-compute-support
String sourceImageFamily = "windows-2022";
// Instantiates a client.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
AttachedDisk attachedDisk = AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
// Describe the size and source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
.setInitializeParams(AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setDiskSizeGb(64)
.setSourceImage(
String.format("projects/windows-cloud/global/images/family/%s",
sourceImageFamily))
.build())
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setBoot(true)
.setType(AttachedDisk.Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.build();
Instance instance = Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType))
.addDisks(attachedDisk)
.addNetworkInterfaces(NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
// You must verify or configure routes and firewall rules in your VPC network
// to allow access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com.
// More information about access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-managing-windows-instances#kms-server
// Additionally, you must enable Private Google Access for subnets in your VPC network
// that contain Windows instances with only internal IP addresses.
// More information about Private Google Access: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access#enabling
.setName(networkLink)
.setSubnetwork(subnetworkLink)
.build())
// If you chose an image that supports Shielded VM, you can optionally change the
// instance's Shielded VM settings.
// .setShieldedInstanceConfig(ShieldedInstanceConfig.newBuilder()
// .setEnableSecureBoot(true)
// .setEnableVtpm(true)
// .setEnableIntegrityMonitoring(true)
// .build())
.build();
InsertInstanceRequest request = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(projectId)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instance)
.build();
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(request).get(5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (operation.hasError()) {
System.out.printf("Error in creating instance %s", operation.getError());
return;
}
System.out.printf("Instance created %s", instanceName);
}
}
}
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b';
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME';
// const machineType = 'n1-standard-1';
// const sourceImageFamily = 'windows-2022';
// const networkLink = 'global/networks/default';
// const subnetworkLink = 'regions/europe-central2/subnetworks/default';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function createWindowsServerInstanceInternalIP() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
const [response] = await instancesClient.insert({
instanceResource: {
name: instanceName,
disks: [
{
// Describe the size and source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
initializeParams: {
diskSizeGb: '64',
sourceImage: `projects/windows-cloud/global/images/family/${sourceImageFamily}/`,
},
autoDelete: true,
boot: true,
type: 'PERSISTENT',
},
],
machineType: `zones/${zone}/machineTypes/${machineType}`,
networkInterfaces: [
{
// You must verify or configure routes and firewall rules in your VPC network
// to allow access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com.
// More information about access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-managing-windows-instances#kms-server
// Additionally, you must enable Private Google Access for subnets in your VPC network
// that contain Windows instances with only internal IP addresses.
// More information about Private Google Access: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access#enabling
name: networkLink,
subnetwork: subnetworkLink,
},
],
// If you chose an image that supports Shielded VM, you can optionally change the instance's Shielded VM settings.
// "shieldedInstanceConfig": {
// "enableSecureBoot": true,
// "enableVtpm": true,
// "enableIntegrityMonitoring": true
// },
},
project: projectId,
zone,
});
let operation = response.latestResponse;
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
// Wait for the create operation to complete.
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Instance created.');
}
createWindowsServerInstanceInternalIP();
from __future__ import annotations
import re
import sys
from typing import Any
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: list[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: list[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.network = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.scheduling.on_host_maintenance = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.OnHostMaintenance.TERMINATE.name
)
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_windows_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
machine_type: str,
source_image_family: str = "windows-2022",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str | None = None,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Creates a new Windows Server instance that has only an internal IP address.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
machine_type: machine type you want to create in following format:
"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}". For example:
"zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
You can find the list of available machine types using:
https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/machine-types/list
source_image_family: name of the public image family for Windows Server or SQL Server images.
https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images#os-compute-support
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
if subnetwork_link is None:
subnetwork_link = f"regions/{zone}/subnetworks/default"
base_image = get_image_from_family(
project="windows-cloud", family=source_image_family
)
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [disk_from_image(disk_type, 100, True, base_image.self_link, True)]
# You must verify or configure routes and firewall rules in your VPC network
# to allow access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com.
# More information about access to kms.windows.googlecloud.com: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-managing-windows-instances#kms-server
# Additionally, you must enable Private Google Access for subnets in your VPC network
# that contain Windows instances with only internal IP addresses.
# More information about Private Google Access: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access#enabling
instance = create_instance(
project_id,
zone,
instance_name,
disks,
machine_type=machine_type,
network_link=network_link,
subnetwork_link=subnetwork_link,
external_access=True, # Set this to False to disable external IP for your instance
)
return instance
이 인스턴스에는 외부 IP 주소가 없으므로 인터넷을 통해 직접 연결할 수 없습니다. Cloud Interconnect 또는 Cloud VPN을 사용하여 VPC 네트워크에 연결된 다른 네트워크에서 연결하거나 먼저 RDP를 통해 배스천 인스턴스에 연결한 후 내부 IP 주소만 있는 인스턴스에 연결할 수 있습니다.
Windows 정품 인증 및 갱신을 위해서는 VPC 네트워크가 다음 라우팅 및 방화벽 규칙 요구사항을 충족해야 합니다.
라우팅 요구사항
Windows 인스턴스는 다음 홉이 기본 인터넷 게이트웨이인 경로를 통해 kms.windows.googlecloud.com(35.190.247.13)에 도달할 수 있어야 합니다. kms.windows.googlecloud.com은 Compute Engine 인스턴스로 확인되지 않은 IP 주소의 정품 인증 요청을 거부하므로 인스턴스 기반 NAT 게이트웨이 또는 Cloud NAT를 사용하여 Windows 인스턴스의 정품 인증을 진행할 수 없습니다.
VPC 네트워크에서 kms.windows.googlecloud.com으로 직접 트래픽을 라우팅하는 기본 경로를 사용할 수 있습니다. 이 경로를 삭제하는 경우 또는 나중에 그렇게 할 예정인 경우 대상이 35.190.247.13이고 다음 홉이 기본 인터넷 게이트웨이로 설정된 커스텀 정적 경로를 생성하세요.
[ROUTE_NAME]을 이 경로의 이름으로, [NETWORK]를 VPC 네트워크 이름으로 바꿉니다.
위에서 설명한 기본 경로 또는 커스텀 정적 경로는 외부 IP 주소를 가진 인스턴스가 kms.windows.googlecloud.com에 도달하도록 허용합니다. 외부 IP 주소가 없거나 Cloud NAT를 사용하는 Windows 인스턴스가 있을 경우 내부 IP 주소만 있는 인스턴스가 kms.windows.googlecloud.com의 외부 IP 주소(35.190.247.13)로 트래픽을 전송할 수 있도록 비공개 Google 액세스를 사용 설정해야 합니다.
방화벽 규칙 요구사항
묵시적인 이그레스 허용 방화벽 규칙은 인스턴스가 요청을 수행하고 설정된 응답을 수신하도록 허용합니다. 이그레스를 거부하는 커스텀 방화벽 규칙을 만들지 않았다면 Windows 인스턴스가 kms.windows.googlecloud.com과 통신할 수 있습니다.
방화벽 규칙을 맞춤설정하는 경우 35.190.247.13과의 통신을 명시적으로 허용하는, 우선순위가 높은 이그레스 허용 규칙을 만드는 것이 좋습니다.
이렇게 하면 방화벽 규칙을 수정할 때 실수로 Windows 정품 인증을 사용 중지할 일이 없습니다.
[RULE_NAME]을 이 방화벽 규칙의 이름으로, [NETWORK]를 VPC 네트워크 이름으로 바꿉니다.
인스턴스가 시작되었는지 확인
Windows 인스턴스는 sysprep 프로세스로 인해 시작 시간이 비교적 많이 걸립니다. sysprep 프로세스가 아직 완료되지 않았는데도 Google Cloud 콘솔에는 인스턴스가 실행 중인 것으로 표시될 수 있습니다. 인스턴스가 시작되었으며 사용할 준비가 되었는지 알아보려면 다음 명령어를 사용하여 직렬 포트 출력을 확인하세요.
...[snip]...
Running schtasks with arguments /run /tn GCEStartup
--> SUCCESS: Attempted to run the scheduled task "GCEStartup".
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Instance setup finished. [INSTANCE_NAME] is ready to use.
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Windows 인스턴스 기능 사용 및 사용 중지
이미지 버전이 v20170509 이상이거나 에이전트 버전이 4.1.0 이상인 Windows 인스턴스인 경우 구성 파일이나 프로젝트 또는 인스턴스 커스텀 메타데이터에서 인스턴스 구성을 설정할 수 있습니다. 구성 파일은 INI 형식이며 다음 경로에 위치합니다.
장애 조치 클러스터링을 위한 내부 부하 분산 인스턴스의 IP 주소를 지정합니다. 이는 전용 장애 조치 클러스터에는 설정할 필요가 없는 고급 구성입니다.
일반적으로 내부 부하 분산 인스턴스를 사용하여 한 번에 하나의 VM 인스턴스로 네트워크 트래픽을 전달합니다. 부하 분산된 웹사이트 백엔드의 일부로 장애 조치 클러스터링 VM 인스턴스를 사용하는 또 하나의 내부 부하 분산 인스턴스를 추가하는 경우 내부 부하 분산 IP 주소가 2개 생깁니다. 장애 조치 클러스터링에서 10.0.0.10을 사용하고 웹사이트의 부하 분산기에서 10.0.0.11을 사용하는 경우 장애 조치 클러스터링에 사용하는 부하 분산기의 IP 주소를 지정해야 합니다. 이렇게 하면 클러스터에 사용되는 주소를 구별할 수 있습니다.
구성 파일 항목:
[wsfc]
addresses=10.0.0.10
커스텀 메타데이터에서 wsfc-addrs를 10.0.0.10로 설정합니다.
클러스터링 에이전트 포트 변경
장애 조치 클러스터링 에이전트 포트를 설정합니다. 기본 포트는 59998입니다.
다른 포트를 사용하려는 경우에만 포트를 지정하면 됩니다.
구성 파일 항목:
[wsfc]
port=12345
커스텀 메타데이터에서 wsfc-agent-port를 포트 번호로 설정합니다.
이미지 버전에 대한 참고사항
이전 이미지에는 구성 파일이 사용되지 않으며 기능이 하위 집합만 존재합니다.
이미지 버전 v20160112부터 v20170509까지 또는 Windows 에이전트 버전 3.2.1.0부터 4.0.0까지의 경우 커스텀 메타데이터 값을 다음과 같이 사용해야 합니다.
계정 관리자를 사용 중지하려면 인스턴스 메타데이터에서 disable-account-manager를 true로 설정합니다.
주소 관리자를 사용 중지하려면 인스턴스 메타데이터에서 disable-address-manager를 true로 설정합니다.
