Exclua uma VM

Nesta página, você verá como excluir uma instância. Se, em vez de excluir uma instância, você quiser interrompê-la temporariamente, leia Como interromper e iniciar uma instância ou Como suspender e retomar uma instância:

A exclusão remove a instância e os recursos associados do seu projeto. Se a instância fizer parte de um grupo, ele poderá tentar recriar uma idêntica para manter um determinado tamanho de grupo. Por isso, Redimensione o grupo de instâncias ou reconfigure o autoescalador.

Antes de começar

Excluir uma instância

Exclua uma instância usando o Console, a Google Cloud CLI ou a API.

Console

  1. Acesse a página "Instâncias de VM" no console.

    Acessar a página "Instâncias de VM"

  2. Marque as instâncias que você quer excluir.
  3. Clique no botão Excluir.

gcloud

Use o comando gcloud compute instances delete. Quando você exclui uma instância dessa forma, ela é encerrada e removida da lista de instâncias e todos os recursos anexados a ela são liberados, como discos permanentes e quaisquer endereços IP estáticos.

Para excluir uma instância, use o seguinte comando:

gcloud compute instances delete example-instance [example-instance-2 example-instance-3..]

API

Use o método delete:

DELETE https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/example-project/zones/us-central1-f/instances/example-instance

C#

compute/api/Compute.Samples/DeleteInstanceAsync.cs 

using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class DeleteInstanceAsyncSample
{
    public async Task DeleteInstanceAsync(
        // TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
        string projectId = "your-project-id",
        string zone = "us-central1-a",
        string machineName = "test-machine")
    {

        // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
        // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
        InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();

        // Make the request to delete a VM instance.
        var instanceDeletion = await client.DeleteAsync(projectId, zone, machineName);

        // Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
        await instanceDeletion.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
    }
}

Go

compute/delete_instance.go 
import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
	computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
)

// deleteInstance sends a delete request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
func deleteInstance(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// zone := "europe-central2-b"
	// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer instancesClient.Close()

	req := &computepb.DeleteInstanceRequest{
		Project:  projectID,
		Zone:     zone,
		Instance: instanceName,
	}

	op, err := instancesClient.Delete(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to delete instance: %v", err)
	}

	if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %v", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance deleted\n")

	return nil
}

Java

compute/cloud-client/src/main/java/compute/DeleteInstance.java 

import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.DeleteInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class DeleteInstance {

  public static void main(String[] args)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String project = "your-project-id";
    String zone = "zone-name";
    String instanceName = "instance-name";
    deleteInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
  }

  // Delete the instance specified by `instanceName`
  // if it's present in the given project and zone.
  public static void deleteInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
    // the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
    // clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {

      System.out.printf("Deleting instance: %s ", instanceName);

      // Describe which instance is to be deleted.
      DeleteInstanceRequest deleteInstanceRequest = DeleteInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
          .setProject(project)
          .setZone(zone)
          .setInstance(instanceName).build();

      OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.deleteAsync(
          deleteInstanceRequest);
      // Wait for the operation to complete.
      Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

      if (response.hasError()) {
        System.out.println("Instance deletion failed ! ! " + response);
        return;
      }
      System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

samples/deleteInstance.js 
/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME';

const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');

// Delete the instance specified by `instanceName` if it's present in the given project and zone.
async function deleteInstance() {
  const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();

  console.log(`Deleting ${instanceName} from ${zone}...`);

  const [response] = await instancesClient.delete({
    project: projectId,
    zone,
    instance: instanceName,
  });
  let operation = response.latestResponse;
  const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();

  // Wait for the delete operation to complete.
  while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
    [operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
      operation: operation.name,
      project: projectId,
      zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
    });
  }

  console.log('Instance deleted.');
}

deleteInstance();

PHP

compute/cloud-client/instances/src/delete_instance.php 
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\InstancesClient;

/**
 * Delete an instance.
 *
 * @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
 * @param string $zone Zone where the instance you want to delete is (like "us-central1-a").
 * @param string $instanceName Unique name for the Compute instance to delete.
 *
 * @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
 * @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
 */
function delete_instance(
    string $projectId,
    string $zone,
    string $instanceName
) {
    // Delete the Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
    $instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
    $operation = $instancesClient->delete($instanceName, $projectId, $zone);

    // Wait for the operation to complete.
    $operation->pollUntilComplete();
    if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
        printf('Deleted instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
    } else {
        $error = $operation->getError();
        printf('Failed to delete instance: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error->getMessage());
    }
}

Python

samples/snippets/instances/delete.py 
import sys
import time
from typing import Any

from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1

def wait_for_extended_operation(
    operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
    """
    This method will wait for the extended (long-running) operation to
    complete. If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
    If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
    If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
    they will be printed to sys.stderr.

    Args:
        operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
        verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
            used only during error and warning reporting.
        timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
            If None, wait indefinitely.

    Returns:
        Whatever the operation.result() returns.

    Raises:
        This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
        or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
        set for the `operation`.

        In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
        a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
    """
    result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)

    if operation.error_code:
        print(
            f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
            file=sys.stderr,
            flush=True,
        )
        print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)

    if operation.warnings:
        print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        for warning in operation.warnings:
            print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)

    return result

def delete_instance(project_id: str, zone: str, machine_name: str) -> None:
    """
    Send an instance deletion request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.

    Args:
        project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
        zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: “us-west3-b”
        machine_name: name of the machine you want to delete.
    """
    instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()

    print(f"Deleting {machine_name} from {zone}...")
    operation = instance_client.delete(
        project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=machine_name
    )
    wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance deletion")
    print(f"Instance {machine_name} deleted.")
    return

Ruby

google-cloud-compute-v1/samples/quickstart.rb 

require "google/cloud/compute/v1"

# Sends an instance deletion request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the instance you want to delete.
def delete_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:
  # Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
  # once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
  client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new

  puts "Deleting #{instance_name} from #{zone}..."
  begin
    # Make the request to delete a VM instance.
    operation = client.delete project: project, zone: zone, instance: instance_name
    # Wait for the delete operation to complete.
    operation = wait_until_done operation: operation.operation, project: project

    if operation.error.nil?
      warn "Warning during deletion:", operation.warnings unless operation.warnings.empty?
      puts "Instance #{instance_name} deleted."
    else
      warn "Error during deletion:", operation.error
    end
  rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
    warn "Exception during deletion:", e
  end
end

Implicações no faturamento

Depois de excluir uma instância de VM, você não receberá mais cobranças por ela, a menos que uma das situações a seguir seja aplicável:

  • Se você excluir uma VM hospedada em um nó de locatário individual, continuará pagando por esse nó em vez das VMs individuais hospedadas nele.
  • Se você tiver um contrato de uso contínuo, continuará pagando pelos recursos com os quais se comprometeu, independentemente de usá-los ou não.
  • Se você mantiver qualquer recurso que foi anexado à instância de VM, continuará recebendo cobranças por ele até excluí-lo. Por exemplo, se você remover a instância de VM, mas mantiver o disco permanente, continuará recebendo cobranças por ele.

Para ver informações mais detalhadas sobre valores, consulte Preços das instâncias de VM.

Período de encerramento

Ao encerrar ou excluir uma instância, o Compute Engine envia o sinal ACPI Power Off para a instância e aguarda um breve período para que ela seja encerrada de maneira limpa. Caso sua instância ainda esteja em execução após esse período de espera, o Compute Engine força o encerramento, mesmo que seu script de encerramento ainda esteja em execução.

A duração do período de encerramento depende do tipo de sua instância.

  • As instâncias normais têm um período de encerramento que dura, normalmente, o mínimo de 90 segundos, mas pode ser maior.
  • As instâncias preemptivas têm um período de encerramento de 30 segundos, a mesma duração do período de encerramento que ocorre durante o processo de preempção.

Se você optar por executar um script de encerramento durante esse período, seu script de encerramento precisará terminar a execução dentro desse período para que o sistema operacional tenha tempo de concluir o encerramento e descarregar os buffers para o disco.

A seguir