Neste documento, você entenderá como criar uma instância de máquina virtual (VM) usando uma imagem de disco de inicialização, um snapshot de disco de inicialização ou uma imagem de contêiner. Algumas imagens são compatíveis com recursos da VM protegida, que oferecem recursos de segurança, como firmware compatível com UEFI, inicialização segura e inicialização medida protegida por vTPM.
Em VMs protegidas, o vTPM e o monitoramento de integridade são ativados por padrão.
Ao criar uma VM, é possível criar um ou mais discos para ela. Também é possível adicionar mais discos à VM depois que ela for criada. O Compute Engine iniciará automaticamente a instância de VM depois de criá-la.
Ao criar uma VM, também é possível adicionar várias interfaces de rede.
Para atenuar a exposição da VM a ameaças na Internet, omita o endereço
IP externo ao adicionar uma interface de rede à instância.
Nesses casos, a VM pode ser acessada apenas por outras VMs na mesma
rede VPC ou em uma rede vinculada, a menos que você configure
o Cloud NAT.
Ao criar VMs a partir de imagens ou discos usando Google Cloud CLI ou
a API Compute Engine, há um limite de 20 instâncias de VM por segundo. Se precisar
criar um número maior de VMs por segundo, solicite um limite de cota maior
para o recurso Imagens.
Criar uma instância de VM a partir de uma imagem
Nesta seção, você entenderá como criar uma VM a partir de uma imagem do SO pública ou de uma imagem personalizada.
Uma VM contém um carregador de inicialização, um sistema de arquivos de inicialização e uma imagem do SO.
Visualizar uma lista de imagens públicas disponíveis no Compute Engine
Antes de criar uma VM usando uma imagem pública, revise a lista de imagens
públicas disponíveis no Compute Engine.
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListImagesAsyncSample
{
public async Task ListImagesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
ImagesClient client = await ImagesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
ListImagesRequest request = new ListImagesRequest
{
Project = projectId,
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
Filter = "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED",
// MaxResults indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
MaxResults = 100
};
// Although the MaxResults parameter is specified in the request, the sequence returned
// by the ListAsync() method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
await foreach (var image in client.ListAsync(request))
{
// The result is an Image collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Image: {image.Name}");
}
}
}
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// printImagesList prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
func printImagesList(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
imagesClient, err := compute.NewImagesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewImagesRESTClient: %v", err)
}
defer imagesClient.Close()
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
req := &computepb.ListImagesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(3),
Filter: proto.String("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"),
}
// Although the `MaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterator returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
it := imagesClient.List(ctx, req)
for {
image, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s\n", image.GetName())
}
return nil
}
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient.ListPage;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ListImagesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
// Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
public static void listImages(String project) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
ListImagesRequest imagesRequest = ListImagesRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(100)
.setFilter("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED")
.build();
// Although the `setMaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
int imageCount = 0;
for (Image image : imagesClient.list(imagesRequest).iterateAll()) {
imageCount++;
System.out.println(image.getName());
}
System.out.printf("Image count in %s is: %s", project, imageCount);
}
}
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function listImages() {
const imagesClient = new compute.ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
const images = imagesClient.listAsync({
project: projectId,
maxResults: 3,
filter: 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED',
});
// Although the `maxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `listAsync()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for await (const image of images) {
console.log(` - ${image.name}`);
}
}
listImages();
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ImagesClient;
/**
* Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_all_images(string $projectId)
{
$imagesClient = new ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
$optionalArgs = ['maxResults' => 100, 'filter' => 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED'];
/**
* Although the maxResults parameter is specified in the request, the iterateAllElements() method
* hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple requests to the API for you,
* so you can simply iterate over all the images.
*/
$pagedResponse = $imagesClient->list($projectId, $optionalArgs);
print('=================== Flat list of images ===================' . PHP_EOL);
foreach ($pagedResponse->iterateAllElements() as $element) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $element->getName());
}
}
import google.cloud.compute_v1 as compute_v1
def print_images_list(project: str) -> str:
"""
Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
Returns:
The output as a string.
"""
images_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
images_list_request = compute_v1.ListImagesRequest(
project=project, max_results=100, filter="deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
)
output = []
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for img in images_client.list(request=images_list_request):
print(f" - {img.name}")
output.append(f" - {img.name}")
return "\n".join(output)
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
def print_images_list project:
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Images::Rest::Client.new
# Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
request = {
project: project,
# max_results indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
max_results: 100,
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
filter: "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
}
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
client.list(request).each do |image|
puts " - #{image.name}"
end
end
Criar uma instância de VM a partir de uma imagem pública
O Google, comunidades de código aberto e fornecedores terceirizados fornecem e mantêm imagens públicas do SO. Por padrão,
todos os projetos do Google Cloud podem criar VMs a partir dessas imagens. No entanto,
se o projeto do Cloud tiver uma lista definida de
imagens confiáveis, use apenas as opções dessa lista para criar uma VM.
Para executar esta tarefa, é necessário ter as permissões a seguir:
compute.instances.create no projeto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se você planeja criar uma
instância de VM protegida e quer poder
alterar qualquer configuração dessa VM.
compute.networks.use no projeto se você estiver usando uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.use em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida (redes VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp no projeto se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância que usa uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância usando uma rede VPC
compute.addresses.use no projeto se você estiver especificando um endereço estático nele
compute.instances.setMetadata se você estiver configurando metadados
compute.instances.setTags na instância se você estiver configurando tags
compute.instances.setLabels na instância se você estiver configurando rótulos
compute.images.useReadOnly na imagem se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz
compute.disks.create no projeto se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz com essa instância
compute.disks.useReadOnly no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
permanente no modo somente leitura
compute.disks.use no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
no modo de leitura/gravação
compute.disks.setLabels no disco se você estiver configurando
rótulos
compute.snapshots.create no projeto para criar um novo snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly no snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
Console
No Console do Google Cloud, acesse a página Instâncias de VMs.
Opcional: altere a zona desta VM. O Compute Engine seleciona, aleatoriamente, a lista de zonas dentro de cada região para incentivar o uso em várias zonas.
Selecione uma Configuração de máquina para sua VM.
Na seção Disco de inicialização, clique em Alterar e faça o
seguinte:
Na guia Imagens públicas, escolha o seguinte:
Sistema operacional
Versão do sistema operacional
Tipo de disco de inicialização
Tamanho do disco de inicialização
Opcional: para ver as opções avançadas de configuração, clique em Mostrar configuração
avançada.
Para confirmar as opções do disco de inicialização, clique em Selecionar.
Na seção Firewall, para permitir tráfego HTTP ou HTTPS na VM, selecione Permitir tráfego HTTP ou Permitir tráfego HTTPS. de dados. Quando você seleciona um deles, o Compute Engine adiciona uma tag de rede à VM, que associa a regra de firewall à VM. Em seguida, o Compute Engine cria a
regra de firewall de entrada correspondente que permite todo
o tráfego de entrada em tcp:80 (HTTP) ou tcp:443 (HTTPS).
Opcional: se você escolher uma imagem do SO compatível com recursos da VM protegida, será possível modificar as configurações da VM protegida:
Para modificar as configurações de VM protegida, expanda a seção Segurança da seção Rede, discos, segurança, gerenciamento, locatário único e faça o seguinte, conforme necessário:
Selecione uma imagem pública. Anote o nome da imagem ou da família de imagens e o nome do projeto que contém a imagem.
Use o comando gcloud compute instances create para criar uma VM a partir de uma família de imagens ou de uma versão específica de uma imagem do SO.
Se você especificar a sinalização --shielded-secure-boot opcional, o Compute Engine criará uma VM com todos os três recursos da VM protegida já ativados:
Isso cria a VM a partir da imagem do SO mais recente e não obsoleta.
Por exemplo, se você especificar --image-family=debian-10, o Compute Engine criará uma VM a partir da versão mais recente da imagem do SO na família de imagens Debian 10.
Isso cria a VM a partir da imagem do SO mais recente e não obsoleta.
Por exemplo, se você especificar "sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10", o Compute Engine criará uma VM a partir da versão mais recente da imagem do SO na família de imagens Debian 10.
Se você especificar true para enableSecureBoot, o Compute Engine criará uma VM com todos os três recursos da VM protegida já ativados. Depois que o Compute Engine iniciar a VM, será preciso interrompê-la se você quiser modificar as opções de VM protegida.
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class CreateInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task CreateInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine",
string machineType = "n1-standard-1",
string diskImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
long diskSizeGb = 10,
string networkName = "default")
{
Instance instance = new Instance
{
Name = machineName,
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information on machine types.
MachineType = $"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machineType}",
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
Disks =
{
new AttachedDisk
{
AutoDelete = true,
Boot = true,
Type = ComputeEnumConstants.AttachedDisk.Type.Persistent,
InitializeParams = new AttachedDiskInitializeParams
{
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
SourceImage = diskImage,
DiskSizeGb = diskSizeGb
}
}
},
NetworkInterfaces = { new NetworkInterface { Name = networkName } }
};
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
var instanceCreation = await client.InsertAsync(projectId, zone, instance);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
// The server-side operation is not affected by polling,
// and might finish successfully even if polling times out.
await instanceCreation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstance {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
String instanceName = "instance-name";
createInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
}
// Create a new instance with the provided "instanceName" value in the specified project and zone.
public static void createInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// Below are sample values that can be replaced.
// machineType: machine type of the VM being created.
// * This value uses the format zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}.
// * For a list of machine types, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types
// sourceImage: path to the operating system image to mount.
// * For details about images you can mount, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images
// diskSizeGb: storage size of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
// networkName: network interface to associate with the instance.
String machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/n1-standard-1", zone);
String sourceImage = String
.format("projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/%s", "debian-11");
long diskSizeGb = 10L;
String networkName = "default";
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
// clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk and one network interface.
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(true)
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setDeviceName("disk-1")
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.build())
.build();
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(networkName)
.build();
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addDisks(disk)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s %n", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource)
.build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}
}
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDisk;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Instance;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\NetworkInterface;
/**
* To correctly handle string enums in Cloud Compute library
* use constants defined in the Enums subfolder.
*/
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Enums\AttachedDisk\Type;
/**
* Creates an instance in the specified project and zone.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID of the Cloud project to create the instance in.
* @param string $zone Zone to create the instance in (like "us-central1-a").
* @param string $instanceName Unique name for this Compute Engine instance.
* @param string $machineType Machine type of the instance being created.
* @param string $sourceImage Boot disk image name or family.
* @param string $networkName Network interface to associate with the instance.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function create_instance(
string $projectId,
string $zone,
string $instanceName,
string $machineType = 'n1-standard-1',
string $sourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11',
string $networkName = 'global/networks/default'
) {
// Set the machine type using the specified zone.
$machineTypeFullName = sprintf('zones/%s/machineTypes/%s', $zone, $machineType);
// Describe the source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
$diskInitializeParams = (new AttachedDiskInitializeParams())
->setSourceImage($sourceImage);
$disk = (new AttachedDisk())
->setBoot(true)
->setAutoDelete(true)
->setType(Type::PERSISTENT)
->setInitializeParams($diskInitializeParams);
// Use the network interface provided in the $networkName argument.
$network = (new NetworkInterface())
->setName($networkName);
// Create the Instance object.
$instance = (new Instance())
->setName($instanceName)
->setDisks([$disk])
->setMachineType($machineTypeFullName)
->setNetworkInterfaces([$network]);
// Insert the new Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$operation = $instancesClient->insert($instance, $projectId, $zone);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Instance creation failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error->getMessage());
}
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
This method will wait for the extended (long-running) operation to
complete. If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not.
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sends an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the new virtual machine.
# @param [String] machine_type machine type of the VM being created. For example: "e2-standard-2"
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information
# on machine types.
# @param [String] source_image path to the operating system image to mount on your boot
# disk. This can be one of the public images
# (like "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10")
# or a private image you have access to.
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
# @param [String] network_name name of the network you want the new instance to use.
# For example: "global/networks/default" represents the `default`
# network interface, which is created automatically for each project.
def create_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:,
machine_type: "n2-standard-2",
source_image: "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
network_name: "global/networks/default"
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Construct the instance object.
# It can be either a hash or ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance instance.
instance = {
name: instance_name,
machine_type: "zones/#{zone}/machineTypes/#{machine_type}",
# Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
disks: [{
auto_delete: true,
boot: true,
type: :PERSISTENT,
initialize_params: {
source_image: source_image,
disk_size_gb: 10
}
}],
network_interfaces: [{ name: network_name }]
}
# Prepare a request to create the instance in the specified project and zone.
request = { project: project, zone: zone, instance_resource: instance }
puts "Creating the #{instance_name} instance in #{zone}..."
begin
# Send the insert request.
operation = client.insert request
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
operation = wait_until_done operation: operation.operation, project: project
if operation.error.nil?
warn "Warning during creation:", operation.warnings unless operation.warnings.empty?
puts "Instance #{instance_name} created."
else
warn "Error during creation:", operation.error
end
rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
warn "Exception during creation:", e
end
end
Criar uma VM a partir de uma imagem personalizada
Uma imagem personalizada pertence apenas ao seu projeto. Para criar uma VM com uma imagem personalizada, primeiro crie uma imagem personalizada, se você ainda não tiver uma.
Permissões exigidas para a tarefa
Para executar esta tarefa, é necessário ter as permissões a seguir:
compute.instances.create no projeto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se você planeja criar uma
instância de VM protegida e quer poder
alterar qualquer configuração dessa VM.
compute.networks.use no projeto se você estiver usando uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.use em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida (redes VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp no projeto se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância que usa uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância usando uma rede VPC
compute.addresses.use no projeto se você estiver especificando um endereço estático nele
compute.instances.setMetadata se você estiver configurando metadados
compute.instances.setTags na instância se você estiver configurando tags
compute.instances.setLabels na instância se você estiver configurando rótulos
compute.images.useReadOnly na imagem se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz
compute.disks.create no projeto se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz com essa instância
compute.disks.useReadOnly no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
permanente no modo somente leitura
compute.disks.use no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
no modo de leitura/gravação
compute.disks.setLabels no disco se você estiver configurando
rótulos
compute.snapshots.create no projeto para criar um novo snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly no snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
Console
No Console do Google Cloud, acesse a página Instâncias de VMs.
Opcional: altere a zona desta VM. O Compute Engine seleciona, aleatoriamente, a lista de zonas dentro de cada região para incentivar o uso em várias zonas.
Selecione uma Configuração de máquina para sua VM.
Na seção Disco de inicialização, clique em Alterar e faça o
seguinte:
Selecione a guia Imagens personalizadas.
Para selecionar o projeto de imagem, clique em Selecionar um projeto e faça o seguinte:
Selecione o projeto que contém a imagem.
Clique em Abrir.
Na lista Imagem, clique na imagem que você quer importar.
Selecione o tipo e o tamanho do seu disco de inicialização.
Opcional: para ver as opções avançadas de configuração, clique em Mostrar configuração
avançada.
Para confirmar as opções do disco de inicialização, clique em Selecionar.
Na seção Firewall, para permitir tráfego HTTP ou HTTPS na VM, selecione Permitir tráfego HTTP ou Permitir tráfego HTTPS.
O console do Cloud adiciona uma tag de rede à VM e
cria a regra de firewall de entrada correspondente que permite todo
o tráfego de entrada em tcp:80 (HTTP) ou tcp:443 (HTTPS). A tag de
rede associa a regra de firewall à VM. Para ver mais informações, consulte Visão geral sobre regras de firewall na documentação da nuvem privada virtual.
IMAGE_PROJECT: nome do projeto que contém a imagem
IMAGE ou IMAGE_FAMILY: especifique uma das seguintes opções:
IMAGE: nome da imagem personalizada.
Por exemplo, --image=my-debian-image-v2
IMAGE_FAMILY: se você criou suas imagens personalizadas
como parte de uma família de imagens personalizadas,
especifique essa família.
Isso
cria a VM a partir da versão mais recente e não obsoleta do sistema operacional da imagem do
SO na sua família de imagens personalizadas.
Por exemplo, se você especificar --image-family=my-debian-family, o Compute Engine criará uma VM a partir da imagem do SO mais recente na família de imagens personalizadas my-debian-family.
API
O processo de criação de uma VM com uma imagem personalizada na API
é semelhante à criação de uma VM com uma
imagem disponível publicamente.
IMAGE_PROJECT: nome do projeto que contém a imagem personalizada
IMAGE ou IMAGE_FAMILY: especifique uma das seguintes opções:
IMAGE: nome da imagem personalizada.
Por exemplo, "sourceImage": "projects/my-project-1234/global/images/my-debian-image-v2".
IMAGE_FAMILY: se você criou suas imagens personalizadas
como parte de uma família de imagens personalizadas,
especifique essa família.
Isso cria a VM a partir da imagem do SO mais recente e não obsoleta da família de imagens personalizada.
Por exemplo, se você especificar "sourceImage": "projects/my-project-1234/global/images/family/my-debian-family", o Compute Engine criará uma VM a partir da versão mais recente da imagem do SO na família de imagens personalizadas my-debian-family.
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstancesAdvanced {
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the source
* for the new disk.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @param boot boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an
* instance
* @param sourceImage source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to
* this disk. This can be one of the publicly available images or an image from one of your
* projects. This value uses the following format:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
*/
private static AttachedDisk diskFromImage(String diskType, int diskSizeGb, boolean boot,
String sourceImage) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(boot)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param disks a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks you want to attach
* to your new instance.
* @param machineType machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
* For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
* @param network name of the network you want the new instance to use. For example:
* "global/networks/default" represents the network named "default", which is created
* automatically for each project.
* @param subnetwork name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use. This value uses the
* following format: "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
private static Instance createWithDisks(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks, String machineType, String network, String subnetwork)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface;
if (subnetwork != null) {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).setSubnetwork(subnetwork)
.build();
} else {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).build();
}
machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType);
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addAllDisks(disks)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s ", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return null;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return instancesClient.get(project, zone, instanceName);
}
}
/**
* Create a new VM instance with custom image used as its boot disk.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param customImage link to the custom image you want to use in the form of:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
public static Instance createFromCustomImage(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
String customImage)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
String diskType = String.format("zones/%s/diskTypes/pd-standard", zone);
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks = new Vector<>();
disks.add(diskFromImage(diskType, 10, true, customImage));
return createWithDisks(project, zone, instanceName, disks, "n1-standard-1",
"global/networks/default", null);
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
This method will wait for the extended (long-running) operation to
complete. If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not.
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_from_custom_image(
project_id: str, zone: str, instance_name: str, custom_image_link: str
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Create a new VM instance with custom image used as its boot disk.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
custom_image_link: link to the custom image you want to use in the form of:
"projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [disk_from_image(disk_type, 10, True, custom_image_link, True)]
instance = create_instance(project_id, zone, instance_name, disks)
return instance
Criar uma instância de VM com discos extras que não são de inicialização
Console
No Console do Google Cloud, acesse a página Instâncias de VMs.
Opcional: altere a zona desta VM. O Compute Engine seleciona, aleatoriamente, a lista de zonas dentro de cada região para incentivar o uso em várias zonas.
Selecione uma Configuração de máquina para sua VM.
Na seção Disco de inicialização, clique em Alterar e faça o
seguinte:
Na guia Imagens públicas, escolha o seguinte:
Sistema operacional
Versão do sistema operacional
Tipo de disco de inicialização
Tamanho do disco de inicialização
Opcional: para ver as opções avançadas de configuração, clique em Mostrar configuração
avançada.
Para confirmar as opções do disco de inicialização, clique em Selecionar.
Na seção Firewall, para permitir tráfego HTTP ou HTTPS na VM, selecione Permitir tráfego HTTP ou Permitir tráfego HTTPS. de dados. Quando você seleciona um deles, o Compute Engine adiciona uma tag de rede à VM, que associa a regra de firewall à VM. Em seguida, o Compute Engine cria a
regra de firewall de entrada correspondente que permite todo
o tráfego de entrada em tcp:80 (HTTP) ou tcp:443 (HTTPS).
Para adicionar discos que não sejam de inicialização à VM, expanda a seção Rede, discos, segurança, gerenciamento, locatário único e faça o seguinte:
Expanda a seção Discos.
Clique em Adicionar novo disco e faça o seguinte:
Especifique um Nome, um Tipo, um Tipo de origem e um Tamanho para o disco.
Na seção Configurações de anexo, selecione o Modo do anexo do disco e a Regra de exclusão. Para mais informações sobre
como adicionar novos discos, consulte Adicionar um disco permanente à VM.
É possível incluir até 128 discos que não sejam de inicialização durante a criação da
VM. Especifique a sinalização --create-disk para cada disco que não seja de inicialização
criado.
Para criar discos que não são de inicialização a partir de uma imagem pública ou de banco de imagem, especifique as propriedades
image ou image-family e image-project na sinalização
--create-disk. Para criar um disco em branco, não inclua essas propriedades. Como opção, é possível incluir propriedades para o disco size e type.
Isso cria a VM a partir da imagem do SO mais recente e não obsoleta. Por exemplo, se você especificar --image-family=debian-10, o Compute Engine criará uma VM a partir da versão mais recente da imagem do SO na família de imagens Debian 10.
DISK_IMAGE ou DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: especifique uma das seguintes opções:
DISK_IMAGE: nome da imagem
que você quer usar como disco que não é de inicialização
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: uma família de imagens
a ser usada como disco que não é de inicialização
DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT: o projeto de imagem que contém a imagem do disco.
SIZE_GB: opcional: tamanho do disco que não é de inicialização
DISK_TYPE (opcional): URL completo ou parcial do
tipo do disco permanente.
Por exemplo, https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE/diskTypes/pd-ssd
Para ver os tipos de disco disponíveis,
execute o comando gcloud compute disk-types list.
Para discos vazios, não especifique os
parâmetros
DISK_IMAGE,
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY ou
DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT.
API
Crie até 128 discos que não sejam de inicialização no momento em que criar uma
VM usando a propriedade initializeParams para cada disco
extra. Crie discos extras com uma imagem pública ou privada.
Para adicionar um disco vazio, defina a entrada initializeParams sem
o valor sourceImage.
IMAGE_PROJECT: nome do projeto que contém a imagem personalizada
IMAGE ou IMAGE_FAMILY: especifique uma das seguintes opções:
IMAGE: nome da imagem personalizada.
Por exemplo, "sourceImage": "projects/my-project-1234/global/images/my-debian-image-v2"
IMAGE_FAMILY: se você criou suas imagens personalizadas
como parte de uma família de imagens personalizadas,
especifique essa família.
Isso cria a VM a partir da versão mais recente e não obsoleta do sistema operacional da imagem do SO na sua família de imagens personalizadas.
Por exemplo, se você especificar "sourceImage": "projects/my-project-1234/global/images/family/my-debian-family", o Compute Engine criará uma VM a partir da versão mais recente da imagem do SO na família de imagens personalizadas my-debian-family.
Nos discos extras, substitua:
SIZE_GB: tamanho do disco;
DISK_IMAGE ou
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: especifique uma imagem de origem
ou família de imagens para o disco que não é de inicialização:
DISK_IMAGE: nome da imagem que
você quer usar como disco que não é de inicialização
Por exemplo, "sourceImage": "projects/DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT/global/images/DISK_IMAGE".
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY: uma família de imagens
a ser usada como disco que não é de inicialização
Por exemplo, "sourceImage": "projects/DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT/global/images/family/DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY".
DISK_TYPE: URL completo ou parcial do tipo
do disco permanente.
Por exemplo, https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE/diskTypes/pd-ssd
Para discos vazios, não especifique os
parâmetros
DISK_IMAGE,
DISK_IMAGE_FAMILY ou
DISK_IMAGE_PROJECT.
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstancesAdvanced {
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the source
* for the new disk.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @param boot boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an
* instance
* @param sourceImage source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to
* this disk. This can be one of the publicly available images or an image from one of your
* projects. This value uses the following format:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
*/
private static AttachedDisk diskFromImage(String diskType, int diskSizeGb, boolean boot,
String sourceImage) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(boot)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. The created disk contains no
* data and requires formatting before it can be used.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created as an empty disk.
*/
private static AttachedDisk emptyDisk(String diskType, int diskSizeGb) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(false)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param disks a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks you want to attach
* to your new instance.
* @param machineType machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
* For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
* @param network name of the network you want the new instance to use. For example:
* "global/networks/default" represents the network named "default", which is created
* automatically for each project.
* @param subnetwork name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use. This value uses the
* following format: "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
private static Instance createWithDisks(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks, String machineType, String network, String subnetwork)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface;
if (subnetwork != null) {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).setSubnetwork(subnetwork)
.build();
} else {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).build();
}
machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType);
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addAllDisks(disks)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s ", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return null;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return instancesClient.get(project, zone, instanceName);
}
}
/**
* Create a new VM instance with Debian 10 operating system and a 11 GB additional empty disk.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @return Instance object.
*/
public static Instance createWithAdditionalDisk(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
Image image = imagesClient.getFromFamily("debian-cloud", "debian-10");
String diskType = String.format("zones/%s/diskTypes/pd-standard", zone);
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks = new Vector<>();
disks.add(diskFromImage(diskType, 10, true, image.getSelfLink()));
disks.add(emptyDisk(diskType, 11));
return createWithDisks(project, zone, instanceName, disks, "n1-standard-1",
"global/networks/default", null);
}
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def empty_disk(
disk_type: str, disk_size_gb: int, boot: bool = False, auto_delete: bool = True
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk():
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. The created disk contains
no data and requires formatting before it can be used.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created as an empty disk.
"""
disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
disk.boot = boot
return disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
This method will wait for the extended (long-running) operation to
complete. If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not.
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_with_additional_disk(
project_id: str, zone: str, instance_name: str
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Create a new VM instance with Debian 10 operating system on a 20 GB disk
and a 25 GB additional empty disk.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
newest_debian = get_image_from_family(project="debian-cloud", family="debian-10")
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [
disk_from_image(disk_type, 20, True, newest_debian.self_link),
empty_disk(disk_type, 25),
]
instance = create_instance(project_id, zone, instance_name, disks)
return instance
Para executar esta tarefa, é necessário ter as permissões a seguir:
compute.instances.create no projeto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se você planeja criar uma
instância de VM protegida e quer poder
alterar qualquer configuração dessa VM.
compute.networks.use no projeto se você estiver usando uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.use em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida (redes VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp no projeto se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância que usa uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância usando uma rede VPC
compute.addresses.use no projeto se você estiver especificando um endereço estático nele
compute.instances.setMetadata se você estiver configurando metadados
compute.instances.setTags na instância se você estiver configurando tags
compute.instances.setLabels na instância se você estiver configurando rótulos
compute.images.useReadOnly na imagem se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz
compute.disks.create no projeto se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz com essa instância
compute.disks.useReadOnly no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
permanente no modo somente leitura
compute.disks.use no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
no modo de leitura/gravação
compute.disks.setLabels no disco se você estiver configurando
rótulos
compute.snapshots.create no projeto para criar um novo snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly no snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
Criar uma instância de VM a partir de uma imagem de contêiner
Para implantar e iniciar um contêiner em uma VM do Compute Engine, especifique
o nome de uma imagem de contêiner e os parâmetros de configuração opcionais ao
criar a VM. O Compute Engine cria a VM usando a
versão mais recente da
imagem pública do sistema operacional otimizado para contêiner, que tem
o Docker instalado. Em seguida, o Compute Engine lança o contêiner quando a VM é iniciada. Para mais informações, consulte Como implantar contêineres em VMs.
Para criar uma VM usando uma imagem de contêiner, use o console do Cloud ou gcloud.
Permissões exigidas para a tarefa
Para executar esta tarefa, é necessário ter as permissões a seguir:
compute.instances.create no projeto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se você planeja criar uma
instância de VM protegida e quer poder
alterar qualquer configuração dessa VM.
compute.networks.use no projeto se você estiver usando uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.use em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida (redes VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp no projeto se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância que usa uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância usando uma rede VPC
compute.addresses.use no projeto se você estiver especificando um endereço estático nele
compute.instances.setMetadata se você estiver configurando metadados
compute.instances.setTags na instância se você estiver configurando tags
compute.instances.setLabels na instância se você estiver configurando rótulos
compute.images.useReadOnly na imagem se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz
compute.disks.create no projeto se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz com essa instância
compute.disks.useReadOnly no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
permanente no modo somente leitura
compute.disks.use no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
no modo de leitura/gravação
compute.disks.setLabels no disco se você estiver configurando
rótulos
compute.snapshots.create no projeto para criar um novo snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly no snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
Console
No Console do Google Cloud, acesse a página Instâncias de VMs.
Para implantar uma imagem de contêiner Apache do Docker Hub, sempre especifique o nome completo da imagem do Docker:
docker.io/httpd:2.4
Criar uma instância de VM com acesso a outros serviços do Google Cloud
Se você planeja executar um aplicativo na VM que precisa de acesso a outros serviços do Google Cloud, crie uma conta de serviço antes de criar a VM e configure a VM para ser executada como uma conta de serviço.
Uma conta de serviço é uma conta especial cujas credenciais você pode usar no código do aplicativo para acessar outros serviços do Google Cloud.
Criar uma instância de VM em uma sub-rede específica
Permissões exigidas para a tarefa
Para executar esta tarefa, é necessário ter as permissões a seguir:
compute.instances.create no projeto
compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig se você planeja criar uma
instância de VM protegida e quer poder
alterar qualquer configuração dessa VM.
compute.networks.use no projeto se você estiver usando uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.use em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida (redes VPC)
compute.networks.useExternalIp no projeto se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância que usa uma rede legada
compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp em todo o projeto ou na sub-rede escolhida se for preciso atribuir um endereço IP externo (temporário ou estático) à instância usando uma rede VPC
compute.addresses.use no projeto se você estiver especificando um endereço estático nele
compute.instances.setMetadata se você estiver configurando metadados
compute.instances.setTags na instância se você estiver configurando tags
compute.instances.setLabels na instância se você estiver configurando rótulos
compute.images.useReadOnly na imagem se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz
compute.disks.create no projeto se você estiver criando um novo disco permanente raiz com essa instância
compute.disks.useReadOnly no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
permanente no modo somente leitura
compute.disks.use no disco se você estiver anexando um disco
no modo de leitura/gravação
compute.disks.setLabels no disco se você estiver configurando
rótulos
compute.snapshots.create no projeto para criar um novo snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
compute.snapshots.useReadOnly no snapshot ao criar uma instância a partir de um snapshot
Por padrão, o Google Cloud cria uma rede VPC de modo automático chamada default para cada projeto.
Especifique a sub-rede ao criar a VM para usar uma rede diferente ou uma sub-rede criada manualmente em uma rede VPC
de modo automático ou personalizado.
Ao criar uma VM em uma sub-rede, considere estas regras:
Se você não especificar uma rede ou sub-rede, o Compute Engine usará a rede VPC padrão e a sub-rede automática que estiver na mesma região da VM.
Se você não especificar uma rede, o Compute Engine inferirá a rede pela sub-rede especificada.
Se você especificar uma rede, especifique uma sub-rede que pertença à mesma rede. Caso contrário, a criação da VM falhará.
Console
No Console do Google Cloud, acesse a página Instâncias de VMs.
Opcional: altere a zona desta VM. O Compute Engine seleciona, aleatoriamente, a lista de zonas dentro de cada região para incentivar o uso em várias zonas.
Na seção Firewall, para permitir tráfego HTTP ou HTTPS na VM, selecione Permitir tráfego HTTP ou Permitir tráfego HTTPS.
O console do Cloud adiciona uma tag de rede à VM e
cria a regra de firewall de entrada correspondente que permite todo
o tráfego de entrada em tcp:80 (HTTP) ou tcp:443 (HTTPS). A tag de
rede associa a regra de firewall à VM. Para ver mais informações, consulte Visão geral sobre regras de firewall na documentação da nuvem privada virtual.
Expanda a seção
Rede, discos, segurança, gerenciamento, locação individual.
Expanda a seção Rede.
Em Interfaces de rede, especifique os detalhes da rede:
No campo Rede, selecione a rede VPC que contém a sub-rede que você criou.
No campo Sub-rede, selecione a sub-rede a ser usada pela VM.
ZONE: zona em que a VM é criada,
como europe-west1-b
A região da VM é inferida da zona.
API
Siga as instruções da API para
criar uma VM a partir de uma imagem ou um
snapshot, mas especifique o campo subnet no corpo da
solicitação. Para adicionar discos vazios, não adicione uma imagem de origem. Opcionalmente, é possível especificar as propriedades diskSizeGb, diskType e labels.
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstancesAdvanced {
/**
* Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the source
* for the new disk.
*
* @param diskType the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)". For example:
* "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
* @param diskSizeGb size of the new disk in gigabytes
* @param boot boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an
* instance
* @param sourceImage source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to
* this disk. This can be one of the publicly available images or an image from one of your
* projects. This value uses the following format:
* "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
* @return AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
*/
private static AttachedDisk diskFromImage(String diskType, int diskSizeGb, boolean boot,
String sourceImage) {
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(boot)
// Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when
// you delete your VM instance.
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.setDiskType(diskType)
.build())
.build();
return disk;
}
/**
* Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
*
* @param project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
* @param zone name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
* @param instanceName name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
* @param disks a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks you want to attach
* to your new instance.
* @param machineType machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the following format:
* "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
* For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
* @param network name of the network you want the new instance to use. For example:
* "global/networks/default" represents the network named "default", which is created
* automatically for each project.
* @param subnetwork name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use. This value uses the
* following format: "regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
* @return Instance object.
*/
private static Instance createWithDisks(String project, String zone, String instanceName,
Vector<AttachedDisk> disks, String machineType, String network, String subnetwork)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface;
if (subnetwork != null) {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).setSubnetwork(subnetwork)
.build();
} else {
networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(network).build();
}
machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType);
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addAllDisks(disks)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s ", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return null;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return instancesClient.get(project, zone, instanceName);
}
}
import re
import sys
from typing import Any, List
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
This method will wait for the extended (long-running) operation to
complete. If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: List[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: List[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not.
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.name = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
def create_with_subnet(
project_id: str, zone: str, instance_name: str, network_link: str, subnet_link: str
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Create a new VM instance with Debian 10 operating system in specified network and subnetwork.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
newest_debian = get_image_from_family(project="debian-cloud", family="debian-10")
disk_type = f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/pd-standard"
disks = [disk_from_image(disk_type, 10, True, newest_debian.self_link)]
instance = create_instance(
project_id,
zone,
instance_name,
disks,
network_link=network_link,
subnetwork_link=subnet_link,
)
return instance
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