Compute Engine IAM 角色和权限

当您在项目中添加新成员时，可以使用 Identity and Access Management (IAM) 政策为该成员授予一个或多个 IAM 角色。每个 IAM 角色都包含授予成员访问特定资源的权限。

Compute Engine 具有一组预定义 IAM 角色，本页对这些角色进行了说明。您还可以创建自定义角色，这些角色包含的权限子集直接对应于您的需要。

如需了解每种方法所需的权限，请参阅 Compute Engine API 参考文档：

如需了解如何授予访问权限，请参阅以下页面。

准备工作

  • 阅读 IAM 文档。

什么是 IAM？

Google Cloud 提供 IAM，可让您授予对特定 Google Cloud 资源的更细化访问权限，并防止对其他资源进行不必要的访问。IAM 允许您采用最小权限安全原则，您只需授予对您资源的必要访问权限。

IAM 允许您通过设置 IAM 政策来控制谁（身份）对哪些资源具有何种权限（角色）。IAM 政策可为项目成员授予一个或多个特定角色，进而授予相应身份特定权限。例如，您可以为 Google 帐号分配给定资源（如项目）的 roles/compute.networkAdmin 角色，此后该帐号便可控制项目中网络相关的资源，但无法管理实例和磁盘等其他资源。您还可以使用 IAM 来管理为项目团队成员授予的 Cloud Console 旧版角色。

serviceAccountUser 角色

同时授予 roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1 和 roles/iam.serviceAccountUser 角色时，后者会授予成员创建和管理使用服务帐号的实例的权限。具体而言，同时授予 roles/iam.serviceAccountUser 和 roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1 角色可让成员拥有执行以下操作的权限：

  • 创建一个以服务帐号身份运行的实例。
  • 将永久性磁盘附加到以服务帐号身份运行的实例上。
  • 在以服务帐号身份运行的实例上设置实例元数据。
  • 通过 SSH 连接到一个以服务帐号身份运行的实例。
  • 将实例重新配置为以服务帐号身份运行。

您可以通过以下两种方式之一授予 roles/iam.serviceAccountUser：

  • 推荐。将该角色授予特定服务帐号中的成员。这会使得该成员有权访问具有 iam.serviceAccountUser 角色的服务帐号，但不允许其访问不具有 iam.serviceAccountUser 角色的其他服务帐号。

  • 在项目级层为成员授予该角色。该成员有权访问项目中的所有服务帐号，包括将来创建的服务帐号。

如果您对服务帐号不熟悉，请详细了解服务帐号。

Google Cloud Console 权限

如需使用 Google Cloud Console 访问 Compute Engine 资源，您必须拥有一个包含项目的以下权限的角色：

compute.projects.get

以 instanceAdmin 身份连接到实例

为项目成员授予 roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1 角色后，该项目成员即可使用标准 Google Cloud 工具（例如 gcloud 工具）或通过浏览器发起 SSH 连接，连接到虚拟机 (VM) 实例。

当成员使用 gcloud 工具或通过浏览器发起 SSH 连接时，该工具将自动生成公钥/私钥对，并将公钥添加到项目元数据中。如果成员没有修改项目元数据的权限，则该工具会将成员的公钥添加到实例元数据中。

如果成员已有想使用的现有密钥对，则可以手动将其公钥添加到实例元数据中。详细了解如何将 SSH 密钥添加到实例或从中移除。

IAM 与服务帐号

创建新的自定义服务帐号并将 IAM 角色授予服务帐号以限制访问实例的权限。将 IAM 角色与自定义服务帐号结合使用，您可以：

  • 通过精细的 IAM 角色限制您的实例对 Google Cloud API 的访问权限。
  • 为每个实例或每组实例授予唯一身份。
  • 限制您的默认服务帐号的访问权限。

详细了解服务帐号。

托管实例组和 IAM

托管实例组（尤其当配置为自动扩缩时）是可代表您执行操作的资源，无需直接的用户互动。托管实例组通过服务帐号身份来创建、删除和管理实例组中的实例。如需了解详情，请阅读代管实例组和 IAM 文档。

不受支持的操作

您无法授予在采用 IAM 角色的实例组上执行滚动更新的权限。

如需授予执行这些操作的权限，请使用权限更大的所有者、修改者或查看者角色。

预定义 Compute Engine IAM 角色

使用 IAM 时，Compute Engine API 中的每个 API 方法都要求发出 API 请求的身份具有使用相应资源的适当权限。您可以通过设置政策为项目成员（用户、群组或服务帐号）授予角色，进而授予相应权限。

除了基本角色（Viewer、Editor、Owner）和自定义角色之外，您还可以为项目成员分配以下 Compute Engine 预定义角色。

您可以针对同一资源向某位成员授予多个角色。例如，如果您的网络团队还负责管理防火墙规则，您可以将 roles/compute.networkAdmin 和 roles/compute.securityAdmin 同时授予该网络团队的 Google 群组。

下表描述了预定义 Compute Engine IAM 角色，以及每个角色所包含的权限。每个角色包含一组适合特定任务的权限。例如，Instance Admin 角色授予管理实例的权限，与网络相关的角色具有管理网络相关资源的权限，而安全角色具有管理安全相关资源（如防火墙和 SSL 证书）的权限。

Compute Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.admin

拥有所有 Compute Engine 资源的完全控制权。

如果用户要管理配置为以服务帐号身份运行的虚拟机实例，您还必须授予 roles/iam.serviceAccountUser 角色。

  • compute.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Image User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.imageUser

可在不具备其他映像权限的情况下列出和读取映像。在项目级层授予此角色后，获授此角色的用户可以列出项目中的所有映像，并根据项目中的映像创建实例和永久性磁盘等资源。
  • compute.images.get
  • compute.images.getFromFamily
  • compute.images.list
  • compute.images.useReadOnly
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Instance Admin（Beta 版）角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.instanceAdmin

拥有创建、修改和删除虚拟机实例的权限。 这包括创建、修改和删除磁盘的权限，以及配置安全强化型虚拟机Beta 版设置的权限。

如果用户要管理配置为以服务帐号身份运行的虚拟机实例，您还必须授予 roles/iam.serviceAccountUser 角色。

例如，如果贵公司的某位员工负责管理多组虚拟机实例，但不负责管理网络或安全设置，也不负责管理以服务帐号身份运行的实例，则您可以在这些实例所属的组织、文件夹或项目级层授予此角色，也可以在个别实例级层授予此角色。

  • compute.acceleratorTypes.*
  • compute.addresses.get
  • compute.addresses.list
  • compute.addresses.use
  • compute.autoscalers.*
  • compute.diskTypes.*
  • compute.disks.create
  • compute.disks.createSnapshot
  • compute.disks.delete
  • compute.disks.get
  • compute.disks.list
  • compute.disks.resize
  • compute.disks.setLabels
  • compute.disks.update
  • compute.disks.use
  • compute.disks.useReadOnly
  • compute.globalAddresses.get
  • compute.globalAddresses.list
  • compute.globalAddresses.use
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.images.get
  • compute.images.getFromFamily
  • compute.images.list
  • compute.images.useReadOnly
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.*
  • compute.instanceGroups.*
  • compute.instanceTemplates.*
  • compute.instances.*
  • compute.licenses.get
  • compute.licenses.list
  • compute.machineImages.*
  • compute.machineTypes.*
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.use
  • compute.networks.useExternalIp
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.regionOperations.get
  • compute.regionOperations.list
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.reservations.get
  • compute.reservations.list
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.subnetworks.use
  • compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp
  • compute.targetPools.get
  • compute.targetPools.list
  • compute.zoneOperations.get
  • compute.zoneOperations.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Instance Admin (v1) 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.instanceAdmin.v1

拥有对 Compute Engine 实例、实例组、磁盘、快照和映像的完整控制权， 拥有所有 Compute Engine 网络资源的读取权限。

如果仅在实例级层向用户授予此角色，则该用户无法创建新实例。
  • compute.acceleratorTypes.*
  • compute.addresses.get
  • compute.addresses.list
  • compute.addresses.use
  • compute.autoscalers.*
  • compute.backendBuckets.get
  • compute.backendBuckets.list
  • compute.backendServices.get
  • compute.backendServices.list
  • compute.diskTypes.*
  • compute.disks.*
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.get
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.list
  • compute.firewalls.get
  • compute.firewalls.list
  • compute.forwardingRules.get
  • compute.forwardingRules.list
  • compute.globalAddresses.get
  • compute.globalAddresses.list
  • compute.globalAddresses.use
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.get
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.list
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.healthChecks.get
  • compute.healthChecks.list
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.get
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.list
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.get
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.list
  • compute.images.*
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.*
  • compute.instanceGroups.*
  • compute.instanceTemplates.*
  • compute.instances.*
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.get
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.list
  • compute.interconnectLocations.*
  • compute.interconnects.get
  • compute.interconnects.list
  • compute.licenseCodes.*
  • compute.licenses.*
  • compute.machineImages.*
  • compute.machineTypes.*
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.use
  • compute.networks.useExternalIp
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.projects.setCommonInstanceMetadata
  • compute.regionBackendServices.get
  • compute.regionBackendServices.list
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.get
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.list
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.get
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.list
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.get
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.list
  • compute.regionOperations.get
  • compute.regionOperations.list
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.get
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.get
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.get
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.list
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.get
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.list
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.reservations.get
  • compute.reservations.list
  • compute.resourcePolicies.*
  • compute.routers.get
  • compute.routers.list
  • compute.routes.get
  • compute.routes.list
  • compute.snapshots.*
  • compute.sslCertificates.get
  • compute.sslCertificates.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.get
  • compute.sslPolicies.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.listAvailableFeatures
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.subnetworks.use
  • compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.get
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.list
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.get
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.list
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.get
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.list
  • compute.targetInstances.get
  • compute.targetInstances.list
  • compute.targetPools.get
  • compute.targetPools.list
  • compute.targetSslProxies.get
  • compute.targetSslProxies.list
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.get
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.list
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.get
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.list
  • compute.urlMaps.get
  • compute.urlMaps.list
  • compute.vpnGateways.get
  • compute.vpnGateways.list
  • compute.vpnTunnels.get
  • compute.vpnTunnels.list
  • compute.zoneOperations.get
  • compute.zoneOperations.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

计算负载平衡器管理员角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.loadBalancerAdmin Beta 版

拥有创建、修改和删除负载平衡器及相关资源的权限。

例如，如果您公司的负载平衡团队负责管理负载平衡器、负载平衡器的 SSL 证书、SSL 政策和其他负载平衡资源，而另一个网络团队负责管理其余网络资源，则向负载平衡团队群组授予此角色。
  • compute.addresses.*
  • compute.backendBuckets.*
  • compute.backendServices.*
  • compute.forwardingRules.*
  • compute.globalAddresses.*
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.*
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.healthChecks.*
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.*
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.*
  • compute.instanceGroups.*
  • compute.instances.get
  • compute.instances.list
  • compute.instances.use
  • compute.instances.useReadOnly
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.use
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.regionBackendServices.*
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.*
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.*
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.*
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.*
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.*
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.*
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.*
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.*
  • compute.securityPolicies.get
  • compute.securityPolicies.list
  • compute.securityPolicies.use
  • compute.sslCertificates.*
  • compute.sslPolicies.*
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.subnetworks.use
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.*
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.*
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.*
  • compute.targetInstances.*
  • compute.targetPools.*
  • compute.targetSslProxies.*
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.*
  • compute.urlMaps.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Network Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.networkAdmin

拥有创建、修改和删除网络资源（不包括防火墙规则和 SSL 证书）的权限。Network Admin 角色允许以只读方式访问防火墙规则、SSL 证书和实例（以查看其临时 IP 地址），但无法让用户创建、启动、停止或删除实例。

例如，如果您公司的安全团队负责管理防火墙和 SSL 证书，而网络团队负责管理其余网络资源，则向网络团队群组授予此角色。
  • compute.acceleratorTypes.*
  • compute.addresses.*
  • compute.autoscalers.get
  • compute.autoscalers.list
  • compute.backendBuckets.*
  • compute.backendServices.*
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.*
  • compute.firewallPolicies.get
  • compute.firewallPolicies.list
  • compute.firewallPolicies.use
  • compute.firewalls.get
  • compute.firewalls.list
  • compute.forwardingRules.*
  • compute.globalAddresses.*
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.*
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.get
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.list
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.use
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.delete
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.get
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.list
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.update
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.updatePolicy
  • compute.healthChecks.*
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.*
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.*
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.get
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.list
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.update
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.use
  • compute.instanceGroups.get
  • compute.instanceGroups.list
  • compute.instanceGroups.update
  • compute.instanceGroups.use
  • compute.instances.get
  • compute.instances.getGuestAttributes
  • compute.instances.getScreenshot
  • compute.instances.getSerialPortOutput
  • compute.instances.list
  • compute.instances.listReferrers
  • compute.instances.use
  • compute.instances.useReadOnly
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.*
  • compute.interconnectLocations.*
  • compute.interconnects.*
  • compute.machineTypes.*
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.get
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.list
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.use
  • compute.networks.*
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.delete
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.get
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.list
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.update
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.updatePolicy
  • compute.regionBackendServices.*
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.*
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.*
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.get
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.list
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.use
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.*
  • compute.regionOperations.get
  • compute.regionOperations.list
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.get
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.*
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.*
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.*
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.routers.*
  • compute.routes.*
  • compute.securityPolicies.get
  • compute.securityPolicies.list
  • compute.securityPolicies.use
  • compute.sslCertificates.get
  • compute.sslCertificates.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.*
  • compute.subnetworks.*
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.*
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.*
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.*
  • compute.targetInstances.*
  • compute.targetPools.*
  • compute.targetSslProxies.*
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.*
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.*
  • compute.urlMaps.*
  • compute.vpnGateways.*
  • compute.vpnTunnels.*
  • compute.zoneOperations.get
  • compute.zoneOperations.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • networksecurity.*
  • networkservices.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • servicenetworking.operations.get
  • servicenetworking.services.addPeering
  • servicenetworking.services.get
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Network User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.networkUser

提供共享 VPC 网络的访问权限

获授此角色的服务所有者可以使用属于宿主项目的 VPC 网络和子网。例如，网络用户可以创建属于宿主项目网络的虚拟机实例，但不能在宿主项目中删除网络或者创建新网络。

  • compute.addresses.createInternal
  • compute.addresses.deleteInternal
  • compute.addresses.get
  • compute.addresses.list
  • compute.addresses.useInternal
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.get
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.list
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.use
  • compute.firewalls.get
  • compute.firewalls.list
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.get
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.list
  • compute.interconnectLocations.*
  • compute.interconnects.get
  • compute.interconnects.list
  • compute.interconnects.use
  • compute.networks.access
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.getEffectiveFirewalls
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.listPeeringRoutes
  • compute.networks.use
  • compute.networks.useExternalIp
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.routers.get
  • compute.routers.list
  • compute.routes.get
  • compute.routes.list
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.subnetworks.use
  • compute.subnetworks.useExternalIp
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.get
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.list
  • compute.vpnGateways.get
  • compute.vpnGateways.list
  • compute.vpnGateways.use
  • compute.vpnTunnels.get
  • compute.vpnTunnels.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • networksecurity.authorizationPolicies.get
  • networksecurity.authorizationPolicies.list
  • networksecurity.authorizationPolicies.use
  • networksecurity.clientTlsPolicies.get
  • networksecurity.clientTlsPolicies.list
  • networksecurity.clientTlsPolicies.use
  • networksecurity.locations.*
  • networksecurity.operations.get
  • networksecurity.operations.list
  • networksecurity.serverTlsPolicies.get
  • networksecurity.serverTlsPolicies.list
  • networksecurity.serverTlsPolicies.use
  • networkservices.endpointConfigSelectors.get
  • networkservices.endpointConfigSelectors.list
  • networkservices.endpointConfigSelectors.use
  • networkservices.httpFilters.get
  • networkservices.httpFilters.list
  • networkservices.httpFilters.use
  • networkservices.httpfilters.get
  • networkservices.httpfilters.list
  • networkservices.httpfilters.use
  • networkservices.locations.*
  • networkservices.operations.get
  • networkservices.operations.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • servicenetworking.services.get
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Network Viewer 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.networkViewer

提供所有网络资源的只读权限

例如，如果您有用于检查网络配置的软件，则可以向该软件的服务帐号授予此角色。

  • compute.acceleratorTypes.*
  • compute.addresses.get
  • compute.addresses.list
  • compute.autoscalers.get
  • compute.autoscalers.list
  • compute.backendBuckets.get
  • compute.backendBuckets.list
  • compute.backendServices.get
  • compute.backendServices.list
  • compute.firewalls.get
  • compute.firewalls.list
  • compute.forwardingRules.get
  • compute.forwardingRules.list
  • compute.globalAddresses.get
  • compute.globalAddresses.list
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.get
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.list
  • compute.healthChecks.get
  • compute.healthChecks.list
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.get
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.list
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.get
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.list
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.get
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.list
  • compute.instanceGroups.get
  • compute.instanceGroups.list
  • compute.instances.get
  • compute.instances.getGuestAttributes
  • compute.instances.getScreenshot
  • compute.instances.getSerialPortOutput
  • compute.instances.list
  • compute.instances.listReferrers
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.get
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.list
  • compute.interconnectLocations.*
  • compute.interconnects.get
  • compute.interconnects.list
  • compute.machineTypes.*
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.getEffectiveFirewalls
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.listPeeringRoutes
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.regionBackendServices.get
  • compute.regionBackendServices.list
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.get
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.list
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.get
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.list
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.get
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.list
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.get
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.get
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.get
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.list
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.get
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.list
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.routers.get
  • compute.routers.list
  • compute.routes.get
  • compute.routes.list
  • compute.sslCertificates.get
  • compute.sslCertificates.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.get
  • compute.sslPolicies.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.listAvailableFeatures
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.get
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.list
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.get
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.list
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.get
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.list
  • compute.targetInstances.get
  • compute.targetInstances.list
  • compute.targetPools.get
  • compute.targetPools.list
  • compute.targetSslProxies.get
  • compute.targetSslProxies.list
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.get
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.list
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.get
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.list
  • compute.urlMaps.get
  • compute.urlMaps.list
  • compute.vpnGateways.get
  • compute.vpnGateways.list
  • compute.vpnTunnels.get
  • compute.vpnTunnels.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • networksecurity.authorizationPolicies.get
  • networksecurity.authorizationPolicies.list
  • networksecurity.clientTlsPolicies.get
  • networksecurity.clientTlsPolicies.list
  • networksecurity.locations.*
  • networksecurity.operations.get
  • networksecurity.operations.list
  • networksecurity.serverTlsPolicies.get
  • networksecurity.serverTlsPolicies.list
  • networkservices.endpointConfigSelectors.get
  • networkservices.endpointConfigSelectors.list
  • networkservices.httpFilters.get
  • networkservices.httpFilters.list
  • networkservices.httpfilters.get
  • networkservices.httpfilters.list
  • networkservices.locations.*
  • networkservices.operations.get
  • networkservices.operations.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • servicenetworking.services.get
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Organization Firewall Policy Admin 角色

姓名 说明 权限
roles/compute.orgFirewallPolicyAdmin 拥有对 Compute Engine 组织防火墙政策的完全控制权。
  • compute.firewallPolicies.cloneRules
  • compute.firewallPolicies.create
  • compute.firewallPolicies.delete
  • compute.firewallPolicies.get
  • compute.firewallPolicies.getIamPolicy
  • compute.firewallPolicies.list
  • compute.firewallPolicies.move
  • compute.firewallPolicies.setIamPolicy
  • compute.firewallPolicies.update
  • compute.firewallPolicies.use
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.globalOperations.setIamPolicy
  • compute.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Organization Firewall Policy User 角色

姓名 说明 权限
roles/compute.orgFirewallPolicyUser 可以查看或使用 Compute Engine 防火墙政策，以便与组织或文件夹相关联。
  • compute.firewallPolicies.get
  • compute.firewallPolicies.list
  • compute.firewallPolicies.use
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Organization Security Policy Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.orgSecurityPolicyAdmin 拥有对 Compute Engine 组织安全政策的完整控制权。
  • compute.firewallPolicies.*
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.globalOperations.setIamPolicy
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.securityPolicies.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Organization Security Policy User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.orgSecurityPolicyUser 可以查看或使用 Compute Engine 安全政策，以便与组织或文件夹相关联。
  • compute.firewallPolicies.addAssociation
  • compute.firewallPolicies.get
  • compute.firewallPolicies.list
  • compute.firewallPolicies.removeAssociation
  • compute.firewallPolicies.use
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.globalOperations.setIamPolicy
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.securityPolicies.addAssociation
  • compute.securityPolicies.get
  • compute.securityPolicies.list
  • compute.securityPolicies.removeAssociation
  • compute.securityPolicies.use
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Organization Resource Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.orgSecurityResourceAdmin 拥有与组织或文件夹关联的 Compute Engine 防火墙政策的完全控制权。
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.globalOperations.setIamPolicy
  • compute.organizations.listAssociations
  • compute.organizations.setSecurityPolicy
  • compute.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

计算操作系统管理员登录角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.osAdminLogin 拥有以管理员用户身份登录 Compute Engine 实例的权限。
  • compute.instances.get
  • compute.instances.list
  • compute.instances.osAdminLogin
  • compute.instances.osLogin
  • compute.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute OS Login 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.osLogin 拥有以标准用户身份登录 Compute Engine 实例的权限。
  • compute.instances.get
  • compute.instances.list
  • compute.instances.osLogin
  • compute.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute OS Login External User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.osLoginExternalUser

此角色仅在组织级层提供。

此角色可为外部用户授予设置与该组织关联的 OS Login 信息的权限，但不授予对实例的访问权限。外部用户必须获授必要的 OS Login 角色之一，才能使用 SSH 访问实例。
  • compute.oslogin.*

Compute Packet Mirroring Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.packetMirroringAdmin 指定要生成镜像的资源。
  • compute.networks.mirror
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.subnetworks.mirror
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Packet Mirroring User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.packetMirroringUser 可使用 Compute Engine 数据包镜像。
  • compute.packetMirrorings.*
  • compute.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Public IP Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.publicIpAdmin Beta 版 拥有对 Compute Engine 公共 IP 地址管理的完整控制权。
  • compute.addresses.*
  • compute.globalAddresses.*
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.*
  • compute.publicAdvertisedPrefixes.*
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Compute Security Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.securityAdmin

拥有创建、修改和删除防火墙规则和 SSL 证书的权限，以及配置安全强化型虚拟机Beta 版设置的权限。

例如，如果您的公司拥有一个负责管理防火墙和 SSL 证书的安全团队和一个负责管理其余网络资源的网络团队，则向安全团队群组授予此角色。
  • compute.firewallPolicies.*
  • compute.firewalls.*
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.instances.getEffectiveFirewalls
  • compute.instances.setShieldedInstanceIntegrityPolicy
  • compute.instances.setShieldedVmIntegrityPolicy
  • compute.instances.updateShieldedInstanceConfig
  • compute.instances.updateShieldedVmConfig
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.getEffectiveFirewalls
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.updatePolicy
  • compute.packetMirrorings.*
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.regionOperations.get
  • compute.regionOperations.list
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.*
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.routes.get
  • compute.routes.list
  • compute.securityPolicies.*
  • compute.sslCertificates.*
  • compute.sslPolicies.*
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.zoneOperations.get
  • compute.zoneOperations.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Storage Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.storageAdmin

拥有创建、修改和删除磁盘、映像及快照的权限。

例如，如果您公司的某位员工负责管理项目映像，但您不希望该员工拥有项目的 Editor 角色，则向其帐号授予项目的此角色。
  • compute.diskTypes.*
  • compute.disks.*
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.images.*
  • compute.licenseCodes.*
  • compute.licenses.*
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.regionOperations.get
  • compute.regionOperations.list
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.resourcePolicies.*
  • compute.snapshots.*
  • compute.zoneOperations.get
  • compute.zoneOperations.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Viewer 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.viewer

拥有以只读方式获取和列出 Compute Engine 资源的权限，但无权读取这些资源中存储的数据。

例如，获授此角色的帐号可以清点项目中的所有磁盘，但无法读取这些磁盘上的任何数据。

  • compute.acceleratorTypes.*
  • compute.addresses.get
  • compute.addresses.list
  • compute.autoscalers.get
  • compute.autoscalers.list
  • compute.backendBuckets.get
  • compute.backendBuckets.list
  • compute.backendServices.get
  • compute.backendServices.list
  • compute.commitments.get
  • compute.commitments.list
  • compute.diskTypes.*
  • compute.disks.get
  • compute.disks.getIamPolicy
  • compute.disks.list
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.get
  • compute.externalVpnGateways.list
  • compute.firewallPolicies.get
  • compute.firewallPolicies.getIamPolicy
  • compute.firewallPolicies.list
  • compute.firewalls.get
  • compute.firewalls.list
  • compute.forwardingRules.get
  • compute.forwardingRules.list
  • compute.globalAddresses.get
  • compute.globalAddresses.list
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.get
  • compute.globalForwardingRules.list
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.get
  • compute.globalNetworkEndpointGroups.list
  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.get
  • compute.globalPublicDelegatedPrefixes.list
  • compute.healthChecks.get
  • compute.healthChecks.list
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.get
  • compute.httpHealthChecks.list
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.get
  • compute.httpsHealthChecks.list
  • compute.images.get
  • compute.images.getFromFamily
  • compute.images.getIamPolicy
  • compute.images.list
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.get
  • compute.instanceGroupManagers.list
  • compute.instanceGroups.get
  • compute.instanceGroups.list
  • compute.instanceTemplates.get
  • compute.instanceTemplates.getIamPolicy
  • compute.instanceTemplates.list
  • compute.instances.get
  • compute.instances.getEffectiveFirewalls
  • compute.instances.getGuestAttributes
  • compute.instances.getIamPolicy
  • compute.instances.getScreenshot
  • compute.instances.getSerialPortOutput
  • compute.instances.getShieldedInstanceIdentity
  • compute.instances.getShieldedVmIdentity
  • compute.instances.list
  • compute.instances.listReferrers
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.get
  • compute.interconnectAttachments.list
  • compute.interconnectLocations.*
  • compute.interconnects.get
  • compute.interconnects.list
  • compute.licenseCodes.get
  • compute.licenseCodes.getIamPolicy
  • compute.licenseCodes.list
  • compute.licenses.get
  • compute.licenses.getIamPolicy
  • compute.licenses.list
  • compute.machineImages.get
  • compute.machineImages.getIamPolicy
  • compute.machineImages.list
  • compute.machineTypes.*
  • compute.maintenancePolicies.get
  • compute.maintenancePolicies.getIamPolicy
  • compute.maintenancePolicies.list
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.get
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.getIamPolicy
  • compute.networkEndpointGroups.list
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.getEffectiveFirewalls
  • compute.networks.list
  • compute.networks.listPeeringRoutes
  • compute.nodeGroups.get
  • compute.nodeGroups.getIamPolicy
  • compute.nodeGroups.list
  • compute.nodeTemplates.get
  • compute.nodeTemplates.getIamPolicy
  • compute.nodeTemplates.list
  • compute.nodeTypes.*
  • compute.organizations.listAssociations
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.publicAdvertisedPrefixes.get
  • compute.publicAdvertisedPrefixes.list
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.get
  • compute.publicDelegatedPrefixes.list
  • compute.regionBackendServices.get
  • compute.regionBackendServices.list
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.get
  • compute.regionHealthCheckServices.list
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.get
  • compute.regionHealthChecks.list
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.get
  • compute.regionNetworkEndpointGroups.list
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.get
  • compute.regionNotificationEndpoints.list
  • compute.regionOperations.get
  • compute.regionOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.regionOperations.list
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.get
  • compute.regionSslCertificates.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.get
  • compute.regionTargetHttpProxies.list
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.get
  • compute.regionTargetHttpsProxies.list
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.get
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.list
  • compute.regionUrlMaps.validate
  • compute.regions.*
  • compute.reservations.get
  • compute.reservations.list
  • compute.resourcePolicies.get
  • compute.resourcePolicies.list
  • compute.routers.get
  • compute.routers.list
  • compute.routes.get
  • compute.routes.list
  • compute.securityPolicies.get
  • compute.securityPolicies.getIamPolicy
  • compute.securityPolicies.list
  • compute.snapshots.get
  • compute.snapshots.getIamPolicy
  • compute.snapshots.list
  • compute.sslCertificates.get
  • compute.sslCertificates.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.get
  • compute.sslPolicies.list
  • compute.sslPolicies.listAvailableFeatures
  • compute.subnetworks.get
  • compute.subnetworks.getIamPolicy
  • compute.subnetworks.list
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.get
  • compute.targetGrpcProxies.list
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.get
  • compute.targetHttpProxies.list
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.get
  • compute.targetHttpsProxies.list
  • compute.targetInstances.get
  • compute.targetInstances.list
  • compute.targetPools.get
  • compute.targetPools.list
  • compute.targetSslProxies.get
  • compute.targetSslProxies.list
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.get
  • compute.targetTcpProxies.list
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.get
  • compute.targetVpnGateways.list
  • compute.urlMaps.get
  • compute.urlMaps.list
  • compute.urlMaps.validate
  • compute.vpnGateways.get
  • compute.vpnGateways.list
  • compute.vpnTunnels.get
  • compute.vpnTunnels.list
  • compute.zoneOperations.get
  • compute.zoneOperations.getIamPolicy
  • compute.zoneOperations.list
  • compute.zones.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list
  • serviceusage.quotas.get
  • serviceusage.services.get
  • serviceusage.services.list

Compute Shared VPC Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/compute.xpnAdmin

拥有管理共享 VPC 宿主项目的权限，具体来说，就是可以启用宿主项目并将共享 VPC 服务项目关联到宿主项目所在的网络。

在组织层级，此角色只能由组织管理员授予。

Google Cloud 建议将 Shared VPC Admin 设为共享 VPC 宿主项目的所有者。Shared VPC Admin 负责向服务所有者授予 Compute Network User 角色 (roles/compute.networkUser)，共享 VPC 宿主项目的 Owner 则控制项目本身。如果单个主体（个人或群组）可以同时担任这两个角色，则项目管理会变得更加容易。

  • compute.globalOperations.get
  • compute.globalOperations.list
  • compute.organizations.administerXpn
  • compute.organizations.disableXpnHost
  • compute.organizations.disableXpnResource
  • compute.organizations.enableXpnHost
  • compute.organizations.enableXpnResource
  • compute.projects.get
  • compute.subnetworks.getIamPolicy
  • compute.subnetworks.setIamPolicy
  • resourcemanager.organizations.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.getIamPolicy
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

GuestPolicy Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.guestPolicyAdmin Beta 版 拥有对 GuestPolicy 的完整管理员权限
  • osconfig.guestPolicies.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

GuestPolicy Editor 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.guestPolicyEditor Beta 版 可以修改 GuestPolicy 资源
  • osconfig.guestPolicies.get
  • osconfig.guestPolicies.list
  • osconfig.guestPolicies.update
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

GuestPolicy Viewer 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.guestPolicyViewer Beta 版 可以查看 GuestPolicy 资源
  • osconfig.guestPolicies.get
  • osconfig.guestPolicies.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

PatchDeployment Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.patchDeploymentAdmin 拥有对 PatchDeployment 的完整管理员权限
  • osconfig.patchDeployments.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

PatchDeployment Viewer 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.patchDeploymentViewer 可以查看 PatchDeployment 资源
  • osconfig.patchDeployments.get
  • osconfig.patchDeployments.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Patch Job Executor 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.patchJobExecutor 有权执行修补作业。
  • osconfig.patchJobs.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Patch Job Viewer 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/osconfig.patchJobViewer 获取并列出修补作业。
  • osconfig.patchJobs.get
  • osconfig.patchJobs.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

DNS Administrator 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/dns.admin 提供对所有 Cloud DNS 资源的读写权限。
  • compute.networks.get
  • compute.networks.list
  • dns.changes.*
  • dns.dnsKeys.*
  • dns.managedZoneOperations.*
  • dns.managedZones.*
  • dns.networks.*
  • dns.policies.create
  • dns.policies.delete
  • dns.policies.get
  • dns.policies.list
  • dns.policies.update
  • dns.projects.*
  • dns.resourceRecordSets.*
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

DNS Peer 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/dns.peer 拥有访问具有 DNS 对等互连地区的目标网络的权限
  • dns.networks.targetWithPeeringZone

DNS Reader 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/dns.reader 提供对所有 Cloud DNS 资源的只读权限。
  • compute.networks.get
  • dns.changes.get
  • dns.changes.list
  • dns.dnsKeys.*
  • dns.managedZoneOperations.*
  • dns.managedZones.get
  • dns.managedZones.list
  • dns.policies.get
  • dns.policies.list
  • dns.projects.*
  • dns.resourceRecordSets.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Service Account Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.serviceAccountAdmin 可创建和管理服务帐号。
  • iam.serviceAccounts.create
  • iam.serviceAccounts.delete
  • iam.serviceAccounts.disable
  • iam.serviceAccounts.enable
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.getIamPolicy
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list
  • iam.serviceAccounts.setIamPolicy
  • iam.serviceAccounts.undelete
  • iam.serviceAccounts.update
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Create Service Accounts 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.serviceAccountCreator 拥有创建服务帐号的权限。
  • iam.serviceAccounts.create
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Delete Service Accounts 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.serviceAccountDeleter 拥有删除服务帐号的权限。
  • iam.serviceAccounts.delete
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Service Account Key Admin 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.serviceAccountKeyAdmin 可创建和管理（及轮替）服务帐号密钥。
  • iam.serviceAccountKeys.*
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Service Account Token Creator 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.serviceAccountTokenCreator 可以模拟服务帐号（创建 OAuth2 访问令牌、签署 Blob 或 JWT 等）。
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.getAccessToken
  • iam.serviceAccounts.getOpenIdToken
  • iam.serviceAccounts.implicitDelegation
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list
  • iam.serviceAccounts.signBlob
  • iam.serviceAccounts.signJwt
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Service Account User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.serviceAccountUser 可以服务帐号身份运行操作。
  • iam.serviceAccounts.actAs
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list
  • resourcemanager.projects.get
  • resourcemanager.projects.list

Workload Identity User 角色

名称 说明 权限
roles/iam.workloadIdentityUser 从 GKE 工作负载模拟服务帐号
  • iam.serviceAccounts.get
  • iam.serviceAccounts.getAccessToken
  • iam.serviceAccounts.getOpenIdToken
  • iam.serviceAccounts.list

后续步骤