Cloud Storage Client Libraries

This page shows how to get started with the Cloud Client Libraries for the Google Cloud Storage API. Read more about the client libraries for Cloud APIs, including the older Google APIs Client Libraries, in Client Libraries Explained.

Installing the client library

C++

Beta

This is a beta release of the C++ Cloud Client Library for Cloud Storage. This library might be changed in backward-incompatible ways and is not subject to any SLA or deprecation policy.

See the GitHub README for details about this client library's requirements and install dependencies.

C#

For more information, see Setting Up a C# Development Environment. If you are using Visual Studio 2017 or higher, open nuget package manager window and type the following:

Install-Package Google.Cloud.Storage.V1

If you are using .NET Core command-line interface tools to install your dependencies, run the following command:

dotnet add package Google.Cloud.Storage.V1

Go

go get -u cloud.google.com/go/storage

Java

For more information, see Setting Up a Java Development Environment. If you are using Maven, add the following to your pom.xml file:

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>google-cloud-storage</artifactId>
  <version>1.70.0</version>
</dependency>

If you are using Gradle, add the following to your dependencies:

compile 'com.google.cloud:google-cloud-storage:1.70.0'

If you are using SBT, add the following to your dependencies:

libraryDependencies += "com.google.cloud" % "google-cloud-storage" % "1.70.0"

If you're using IntelliJ or Eclipse, you can add client libraries to your project using the following IDE plugins:

• Cloud Tools for IntelliJ
• Cloud Tools for Eclipse

The plugins provide additional functionality, such as key management for service accounts. Refer to each plugin's documentation for details.

Note: Cloud Java client libraries do not currently support Android.

Warning: The client library supports App Engine Standard environment for Java 8. Use the App Engine Storage library for Java 7.

Node.js

For more information, see Setting Up a Node.js Development Environment.

npm install --save @google-cloud/storage

PHP

composer require google/cloud-storage

Python

For more information, see Setting Up a Python Development Environment.

Warning: This library doesn't support App Engine Standard environment for Python 2.7. Review the App Engine Standard Environment Cloud Storage Sample for an example of how to use Cloud Storage in App Engine Standard environment for Python 2.7. Alternatively, use the App Engine Standard environment for Python 3.7, which does support this library.

pip install --upgrade google-cloud-storage

Ruby

For more information, see Setting Up a Ruby Development Environment.

gem install google-cloud-storage

Setting up authentication

To run the client library, you must first set up authentication by creating a service account and setting an environment variable. Complete the following steps to set up authentication. For more information, see the GCP authentication documentation .

GCP Console

1. In the GCP Console, go to the Create service account key page.

   Go to the Create Service Account Key page
2. From the Service account list, select New service account.
3. In the Service account name field, enter a name.

4. From the Role list, select Project > Owner.

   Note: The Role field authorizes your service account to access resources. You can view and change this field later by using the GCP Console. If you are developing a production app, specify more granular permissions than Project > Owner. For more information, see granting roles to service accounts.
5. Click Create. A JSON file that contains your key downloads to your computer.

Command line

You can run the following commands using the Cloud SDK on your local machine, or in Cloud Shell.

1. Create the service account. Replace [NAME] with a name for the service account.

   gcloud iam service-accounts create [NAME]

2. Grant permissions to the service account. Replace [PROJECT_ID] with your project ID.

   gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding [PROJECT_ID] --member "serviceAccount:[NAME]@[PROJECT_ID].iam.gserviceaccount.com" --role "roles/owner"

   Note: The Role field authorizes your service account to access resources. You can view and change this field later by using GCP Console. If you are developing a production app, specify more granular permissions than Project > Owner. For more information, see granting roles to service accounts.

3. Generate the key file. Replace [FILE_NAME] with a name for the key file.

   gcloud iam service-accounts keys create [FILE_NAME].json --iam-account [NAME]@[PROJECT_ID].iam.gserviceaccount.com

Provide authentication credentials to your application code by setting the environment variable GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS. Replace [PATH] with the file path of the JSON file that contains your service account key, and [FILE_NAME] with the filename. This variable only applies to your current shell session, so if you open a new session, set the variable again.

Linux or macOS

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="[PATH]"

For example:

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="/home/user/Downloads/[FILE_NAME].json"

Windows

With PowerShell:

$env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="[PATH]"

For example:

$env:GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="C:\Users\username\Downloads\[FILE_NAME].json"

With command prompt:

set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=[PATH]

Using the client library

The following example shows how to use the client library.

C++

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#include "google/cloud/storage/client.h"
#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
  if (argc != 3) {
    std::cerr << "Missing project id and/or bucket name.\n";
    std::cerr << "Usage: storage_quickstart <bucket-name> <project-id>\n";
    return 1;
  }
  std::string bucket_name = argv[1];
  std::string project_id = argv[2];

  // Create aliases to make the code easier to read.
  namespace gcs = google::cloud::storage;

  // Create a client to communicate with Google Cloud Storage. This client
  // uses the default configuration for authentication and project id.
  google::cloud::StatusOr<gcs::Client> client =
      gcs::Client::CreateDefaultClient();
  if (!client) {
    std::cerr << "Failed to create Storage Client, status=" << client.status()
              << "\n";
    return 1;
  }

  google::cloud::StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> bucket_metadata =
      client->CreateBucketForProject(
          bucket_name, project_id,
          gcs::BucketMetadata()
              .set_location("us-east1")
              .set_storage_class(gcs::storage_class::Regional()));

  if (!bucket_metadata) {
    std::cerr << "Error creating bucket " << bucket_name
              << ", status=" << bucket_metadata.status() << "\n";
    return 1;
  }

  std::cout << "Created bucket " << bucket_metadata->name() << "\n";

  return 0;
}

C#

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using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace GoogleCloudSamples
{
    class StorageQuickstart
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Your Google Cloud Platform project ID.
            string projectId = "YOUR-PROJECT-ID";


            // Instantiates a client.
            StorageClient storageClient = StorageClient.Create();

            // The name for the new bucket.
            string bucketName = projectId + "-test-bucket";
            try
            {
                // Creates the new bucket.
                storageClient.CreateBucket(projectId, bucketName);
                Console.WriteLine($"Bucket {bucketName} created.");
            }
            catch (Google.GoogleApiException e)
            when (e.Error.Code == 409)
            {
                // The bucket already exists.  That's fine.
                Console.WriteLine(e.Error.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

Go

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// Sample storage-quickstart creates a Google Cloud Storage bucket.
package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"log"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

func main() {
	ctx := context.Background()

	// Sets your Google Cloud Platform project ID.
	projectID := "YOUR_PROJECT_ID"

	// Creates a client.
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create client: %v", err)
	}

	// Sets the name for the new bucket.
	bucketName := "my-new-bucket"

	// Creates a Bucket instance.
	bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName)

	// Creates the new bucket.
	if err := bucket.Create(ctx, projectID, nil); err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to create bucket: %v", err)
	}

	fmt.Printf("Bucket %v created.\n", bucketName)
}

Java

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// Imports the Google Cloud client library
import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class QuickstartSample {
  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // Instantiates a client
    Storage storage = StorageOptions.getDefaultInstance().getService();

    // The name for the new bucket
    String bucketName = args[0];  // "my-new-bucket";

    // Creates the new bucket
    Bucket bucket = storage.create(BucketInfo.of(bucketName));

    System.out.printf("Bucket %s created.%n", bucket.getName());
  }
}

Node.js

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async function quickstart(
  projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID', // Your Google Cloud Platform project ID
  bucketName = 'my-new-bucket' // The name for the new bucket
) {
  // Imports the Google Cloud client library
  const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

  // Creates a client
  const storage = new Storage({projectId});

  // Creates the new bucket
  await storage.createBucket(bucketName);
  console.log(`Bucket ${bucketName} created.`);
}

PHP

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# Includes the autoloader for libraries installed with composer
require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

# Imports the Google Cloud client library
use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

# Your Google Cloud Platform project ID
$projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';

# Instantiates a client
$storage = new StorageClient([
    'projectId' => $projectId
]);

# The name for the new bucket
$bucketName = 'my-new-bucket';

# Creates the new bucket
$bucket = $storage->createBucket($bucketName);

echo 'Bucket ' . $bucket->name() . ' created.';

Python

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# Imports the Google Cloud client library
from google.cloud import storage

# Instantiates a client
storage_client = storage.Client()

# The name for the new bucket
bucket_name = 'my-new-bucket'

# Creates the new bucket
bucket = storage_client.create_bucket(bucket_name)

print('Bucket {} created.'.format(bucket.name))

Ruby

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# Imports the Google Cloud client library
require "google/cloud/storage"

# Your Google Cloud Platform project ID
project_id = "YOUR_PROJECT_ID"

# Instantiates a client
storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new project_id: project_id

# The name for the new bucket
bucket_name = "my-new-bucket"

# Creates the new bucket
bucket = storage.create_bucket bucket_name

puts "Bucket #{bucket.name} was created."

More Examples

For more examples of using client libraries with Cloud Storage, see the following how-to guides:

• Creating Storage Buckets
• Uploading Objects
• Downloading Objects
• List of additional guides

Additional Resources

C++

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

C#

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

Go

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

Java

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

Node.js

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

PHP

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

Python

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow

Ruby

• API Reference Documentation
• Source Code
• GitHub Issue Tracker
• Stack Overflow