Change the default storage class of a bucket

This page shows you how to change the default storage class for your buckets. When you upload an object to the bucket, if you don't specify a storage class for the object, the object is assigned the bucket's default storage class. For an overview of buckets, read the Key Terms. To learn more about storage classes, see Storage Classes.

Prerequisites

Prerequisites can vary based on the tool used:

Console

In order to complete this guide using the Google Cloud console, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the bucket you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for the Google Cloud console.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

Command line

In order to complete this guide using a command-line utility, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the bucket you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for gsutil commands.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

Code samples

In order to complete this guide using the Cloud Storage client libraries, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the bucket you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions. Unless otherwise noted, client library requests are made through the JSON API.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for JSON methods.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

REST APIs

JSON API

In order to complete this guide using the JSON API, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the bucket you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for JSON methods.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

Change the default storage class of a bucket

Console

  1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Browser page.

    Go to Browser

  2. In the bucket list, find the bucket you want to modify, and click its Bucket overflow menu ().

  3. Click Edit default storage class.

  4. In the overlay window, select the new default storage class you would like for your bucket.

  5. Click Save.

To learn how to get detailed error information about failed operations in the Cloud Storage browser, see Troubleshooting.

Command line

Use the gsutil defstorageclass set command:

gsutil defstorageclass set STORAGE_CLASS gs://BUCKET_NAME

Where:

  • STORAGE_CLASS is the new storage class you want for your bucket. For example, nearline.
  • BUCKET_NAME is the name of the relevant bucket. For example, my-bucket.

The response looks like the following example:

Setting default storage class to "nearline" for bucket gs://my-bucket

Code samples

C++

For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation. 

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name,
   std::string const& storage_class) {
  StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> original =
      client.GetBucketMetadata(bucket_name);

  if (!original) throw std::runtime_error(original.status().message());
  gcs::BucketMetadata desired = *original;
  desired.set_storage_class(storage_class);

  StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> patched =
      client.PatchBucket(bucket_name, *original, desired);

  if (!patched) throw std::runtime_error(patched.status().message());
  std::cout << "Storage class for bucket " << patched->name()
            << " has been patched to " << patched->storage_class() << "."
            << "\nFull metadata: " << *patched << "\n";
}

C#

For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation. 


using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data;
using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class ChangeDefaultStorageClassSample
{
	public Bucket ChangeDefaultStorageClass(string bucketName = "your-bucket-name", string storageClass = StorageClasses.Standard)
	{
	    var storage = StorageClient.Create();
	    var bucket = storage.GetBucket(bucketName);

	    bucket.StorageClass = storageClass;

	    bucket = storage.UpdateBucket(bucket);
	    Console.WriteLine($"Default storage class for bucket {bucketName} changed to {storageClass}.");
	    return bucket;
	}
}

Go

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation. 

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// changeDefaultStorageClass changes the storage class on a bucket.
func changeDefaultStorageClass(w io.Writer, bucketName string) error {
	// bucketName := "bucket-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	newStorageClass := "COLDLINE"
	bucketAttrsToUpdate := storage.BucketAttrsToUpdate{
		StorageClass: newStorageClass,
	}
	if _, err := bucket.Update(ctx, bucketAttrsToUpdate); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Update: %v", bucketName, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Default storage class for bucket %v has been set to %v\n", bucketName, newStorageClass)
	return nil
}

Java

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation. 

import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageClass;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class ChangeDefaultStorageClass {
  public static void changeDefaultStorageClass(String projectId, String bucketName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    // See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
    // https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html
    StorageClass storageClass = StorageClass.COLDLINE;

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
    Bucket bucket = storage.get(bucketName);
    bucket = bucket.toBuilder().setStorageClass(storageClass).build().update();

    System.out.println(
        "Default storage class for bucket "
            + bucketName
            + " has been set to "
            + bucket.getStorageClass());
  }
}

Node.js

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation. 

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// The name of a storage class
// See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
// https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html
// const storageClass = 'coldline';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function changeDefaultStorageClass() {
  await storage.bucket(bucketName).setStorageClass(storageClass);

  console.log(`${bucketName} has been set to ${storageClass}`);
}

changeDefaultStorageClass().catch(console.error);

PHP

For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation. 

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Change the default storage class for the given bucket.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 */
function change_default_storage_class($bucketName)
{
    // $bucketName = 'my-bucket';

    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);

    $storageClass = 'COLDLINE';

    $bucket->update([
        'storageClass' => $storageClass,
    ]);

    printf(
        'Default storage class for bucket %s has been set to %s',
        $bucketName,
        $storageClass
    );
}

Python

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation. 

from google.cloud import storage
from google.cloud.storage import constants


def change_default_storage_class(bucket_name):
    """Change the default storage class of the bucket"""
    # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name"

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    bucket.storage_class = constants.COLDLINE_STORAGE_CLASS
    bucket.patch()

    print(f"Default storage class for bucket {bucket_name} has been set to {bucket.storage_class}")
    return bucket

Ruby

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation. 

def change_default_storage_class bucket_name:
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name

  bucket.storage_class = "COLDLINE"

  puts "Default storage class for bucket #{bucket_name} has been set to #{bucket.storage_class}"
end

REST APIs

JSON API

  1. Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication.

  2. Create a JSON file that contains the following information:

    {
  "storageClass": "STORAGE_CLASS"
}

    Where STORAGE_CLASS is the new storage class you want for your bucket. For example, nearline.

  3. Use cURL to call the JSON API with a PATCH Bucket request:

    curl -X PATCH --data-binary @JSON_FILE_NAME \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  "https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME?fields=storageClass"

    Where:

    • JSON_FILE_NAME is the path for the JSON file that you created in Step 2.
    • OAUTH2_TOKEN is the access token you generated in Step 1.
    • BUCKET_NAME is the name of the relevant bucket. For example, my-bucket.

XML API

  1. Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication.

  2. Create an XML file that contains the following information:

    <StorageClass>STORAGE_CLASS</StorageClass>

    Where STORAGE_CLASS is the name of the new storage class you want for your bucket. For example, nearline.

  3. Use cURL to call the XML API with a PUT Bucket request:

    curl -X PUT --data-binary @XML_FILE_NAME \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \
  "https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME?storageClass"

    Where:

    • XML_FILE_NAME is the path for the XML file that you created in Step 2.
    • OAUTH2_TOKEN is the access token you generated in Step 1.
    • BUCKET_NAME is the name of the relevant bucket. For example, my-bucket.

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