Create and manage custom roles

This page describes how to create and manage Identity and Access Management (IAM) custom roles. Managing roles includes modifying, disabling, listing, deleting, and undeleting roles.

Before you begin

• Enable the IAM API.

  Enable the API

• Set up authentication.

  Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:

  Console

  When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.

  gcloud

  In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

  Activate Cloud Shell

  At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

  C#

  To use the .NET samples on this page in a local development environment, install and initialize the gcloud CLI, and then set up Application Default Credentials with your user credentials.

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  For more information, see Set up ADC for a local development environment in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

  C++

  To use the C++ samples on this page in a local development environment, install and initialize the gcloud CLI, and then set up Application Default Credentials with your user credentials.

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  For more information, see Set up ADC for a local development environment in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

  Go

  To use the Go samples on this page in a local development environment, install and initialize the gcloud CLI, and then set up Application Default Credentials with your user credentials.

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  For more information, see Set up ADC for a local development environment in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

  Java

  To use the Java samples on this page in a local development environment, install and initialize the gcloud CLI, and then set up Application Default Credentials with your user credentials.

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  For more information, see Set up ADC for a local development environment in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

  Python

  To use the Python samples on this page in a local development environment, install and initialize the gcloud CLI, and then set up Application Default Credentials with your user credentials.

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  For more information, see Set up ADC for a local development environment in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

  REST

  To use the REST API samples on this page in a local development environment, you use the credentials you provide to the gcloud CLI.

  Install the Google Cloud CLI, then initialize it by running the following command:

  gcloud init

  For more information, see Authenticate for using REST in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.

• Understand the Google Cloud resource hierarchy.

• Read Understanding IAM custom roles.

Required roles

To get the permissions that you need to create and manage custom roles, ask your administrator to grant you the following IAM roles:

• To manage roles for a project: Role Administrator (roles/iam.roleAdmin) on the project that you want to manage roles for
• To manage roles for an organization: Organization Role Administrator (roles/iam.organizationRoleAdmin) on the organization that you want to manage roles for

For more information about granting roles, see Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations.

You might also be able to get the required permissions through custom roles or other predefined roles.

View available permissions for projects, folders, and organizations

You can create custom roles for an entire organization, or for a specific project in that organization. The permissions that are available for custom roles depend on where you create the role. For example, if a permission can only be used at the organization level, then you can't include that permission in a project-level custom role.

To check which permissions are available for organization-level and project-level custom roles, you can use the gcloud CLI or the Identity and Access Management API to list the permissions that are available in a specific organization or project. For example, you can get all permissions that are available for custom roles that are created in your project.

Some permissions might not be visible to you or usable in a custom role, even if they are supported in custom roles. For example, a permission might not be available for use in custom roles if you have not enabled the API for the service.

To learn more about the permissions that you can add to custom roles, see Supported permissions.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam list-testable-permissions command to get a list of permissions that are available for custom roles in a specific project or organization. The response lists the permissions that you can use in custom roles for that project or organization.

   To list permissions that are available in custom roles for a project or organization, run this command:

   gcloud iam list-testable-permissions FULL_RESOURCE_NAME \
       --filter="customRolesSupportLevel!=NOT_SUPPORTED"

   Replace FULL_RESOURCE_NAME with one of the following values:

   • Project: //cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID (for example, //cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/my-project)

   • Organization: //cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/NUMERIC_ID (for example, //cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/123456789012)

   The results indicate whether each permission is supported in custom roles. Permissions that do not have a customRolesSupportLevel field are fully supported.

   The list-testable-permissions command might return hundreds of results. This partial example shows the format of each result:

   ---
   name: appengine.applications.create
   stage: GA
   ---
   customRolesSupportLevel: TESTING
   name: appengine.applications.disable
   stage: GA
   ---
   name: appengine.applications.get
   stage: GA
   ---
   name: appengine.applications.update
   stage: GA
   ---
   name: appengine.instances.delete
   stage: GA
   ---
   name: appengine.instances.get
   stage: GA
   ---
   

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& resource) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::QueryTestablePermissionsRequest request;
  request.set_full_resource_name(resource);
  int count = 0;
  for (auto& permission : client.QueryTestablePermissions(request)) {
    if (!permission) throw std::move(permission).status();
    std::cout << "Permission successfully retrieved: " << permission->name()
              << "\n";
    ++count;
  }
  if (count == 0) {
    std::cout << "No testable permissions found in resource: " << resource
              << "\n";
  }
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static IList<Permission> QueryTestablePermissions(
        string fullResourceName)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        var request = new QueryTestablePermissionsRequest
        {
            FullResourceName = fullResourceName
        };
        var response = service.Permissions.QueryTestablePermissions(request)
            .Execute();
        foreach (var p in response.Permissions)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(p.Name);
        }
        return response.Permissions;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// queryTestablePermissions lists testable permissions on a resource.
func queryTestablePermissions(w io.Writer, fullResourceName string) ([]*iam.Permission, error) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	request := &iam.QueryTestablePermissionsRequest{
		FullResourceName: fullResourceName,
	}
	response, err := service.Permissions.QueryTestablePermissions(request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Permissions.QueryTestablePermissions: %w", err)
	}
	for _, p := range response.Permissions {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Found permissions: %v", p.Name)
	}
	return response.Permissions, nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient.QueryTestablePermissionsPagedResponse;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.QueryTestablePermissionsRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

/** View available permissions in a project. */
public class QueryTestablePermissions {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variable before running the sample.
    // Full resource names can take one of the following forms:
    // cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    // cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/NUMERIC_ID
    String fullResourceName = "your-full-resource-name";

    queryTestablePermissions(fullResourceName);
  }

  public static void queryTestablePermissions(String fullResourceName) throws IOException {
    QueryTestablePermissionsRequest queryTestablePermissionsRequest =
        QueryTestablePermissionsRequest.newBuilder().setFullResourceName(fullResourceName).build();

    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      QueryTestablePermissionsPagedResponse queryTestablePermissionsPagedResponse =
          iamClient.queryTestablePermissions(queryTestablePermissionsRequest);
      queryTestablePermissionsPagedResponse
          .iterateAll()
          .forEach(permission -> System.out.println(permission.getName()));
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from typing import List

from google.cloud import resourcemanager_v3
from google.iam.v1 import iam_policy_pb2, policy_pb2


def query_testable_permissions(
    project_id: str, permissions: List[str]
) -> policy_pb2.Policy:
    """
    Tests IAM permissions of the caller.

    project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    """

    client = resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient()
    request = iam_policy_pb2.TestIamPermissionsRequest()
    request.resource = f"projects/{project_id}"
    request.permissions.extend(permissions)

    permissions_reponse = client.test_iam_permissions(request)
    print(permissions_reponse)
    return permissions_reponse.permissions

REST

The permissions.queryTestablePermissions method lists permissions available in an organization or project.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• FULL_RESOURCE_NAME: A URI consisting of the service name and the path to the resource. For examples, see Full resource names.
• PAGE_SIZE: Optional. The number of permissions to include in the response. The default value is 100, and the maximum value is 1,000. If the number of permissions is greater than the page size, the response contains a pagination token that you can use to retrieve the next page of results.
• NEXT_PAGE_TOKEN: Optional. The pagination token returned in an earlier response from this method. If specified, the list of testable permissions will start where the previous response ended.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/permissions:queryTestablePermissions

Request JSON body:

{
  "fullResourceName": "FULL_RESOURCE_NAME"
  "pageSize": PAGE_SIZE,
  "pageToken": "NEXT_PAGE_TOKEN"
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/permissions:queryTestablePermissions"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/permissions:queryTestablePermissions" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Copy the request body and open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Paste the request body in this tool, complete any other required fields, and click Execute.

The response contains the list of permissions.

Note: Permissions that do not have a customRolesSupportLevel field are fully supported in custom roles.

{
  "permissions": [
    {
      "name": "iam.serviceAccountKeys.create",
      "stage": "GA"
    },
    {
      "name": "iam.serviceAccountKeys.delete",
      "stage": "GA"
    },
    {
      "name": "iam.serviceAccountKeys.get",
      "stage": "GA"
    }
  ],
  "nextPageToken": "CgoHBajEfjUDQyABEPaIv5vIiMDTVhgDIhtpYW0uc2VydmljZUFjY291bnRLZXlzLmxpc3Q"
}

Get the role metadata

Before you create a custom role, you might want to get the metadata for both predefined and custom roles. Role metadata includes the role ID and permissions contained in the role. You can view the metadata using the Google Cloud console or the IAM API.

To view the role metadata, use one of the methods below:

Console

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Select your organization or project from the drop-down list at the top of the page.

3. Select the checkbox for one or more roles to view the role permissions. The right side panel displays the permissions contained in the role(s), if any.

The icons in the Type column indicate if it's a custom role ("factory" icon) or a predefined role (hexagon icon).

If you want to find all the roles that include a specific permission, type the permission name in the Filter box at the top of the Roles list.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles describe command to view metadata for predefined roles and custom roles.

   To view the metadata for a predefined role, execute the following command:

   gcloud iam roles describe ROLE_ID

   ROLE_ID is the ID of the role. Predefined roles include the role prefix in their IDs, for example, roles/iam.roleViewer.

   The following example demonstrates the output of the describe command when executed on the predefined role roles/iam.roleViewer:

   gcloud iam roles describe roles/iam.roleViewer

   description: Read access to all custom roles in the project.
   etag: AA==
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   - resourcemanager.projects.get
   - resourcemanager.projects.getIamPolicy
   name: roles/iam.roleViewer
   stage: GA
   title: Role Viewer

   To view the metadata for a custom role, execute one of the following commands:

   • To view the metadata for a custom role created at the organization level, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles describe --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID ROLE_ID

   • To view the metadata for a custom role created at the project level, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles describe --project=PROJECT_ID ROLE_ID

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   • ROLE_ID is the ID of the role, excluding any prefixes like projects/, organizations/, or roles/. For example, myCompanyAdmin.

   For more information, see the reference documentation for gcloud iam roles describe.

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& name) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::GetRoleRequest request;
  request.set_name(name);
  auto response = client.GetRole(request);
  if (!response) throw std::move(response).status();
  std::cout << "Role successfully retrieved: " << response->DebugString()
            << "\n";
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static Role GetRole(string name)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        var role = service.Roles.Get(name).Execute();
        Console.WriteLine(role.Name);
        Console.WriteLine(String.Join(", ", role.IncludedPermissions));
        return role;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// getRole gets role metadata.
func getRole(w io.Writer, name string) (*iam.Role, error) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	role, err := service.Roles.Get(name).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Roles.Get: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got role: %v\n", role.Name)
	for _, permission := range role.IncludedPermissions {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got permission: %v\n", permission)
	}
	return role, nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.GetRoleRequest;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role;
import java.io.IOException;

/** Get role metadata. Specifically, printing out role permissions. */
public class GetRole {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variable before running the sample.
    String roleId = "a unique identifier (e.g. testViewer)";

    getRole(roleId);
  }

  public static void getRole(String roleId) throws IOException {
    GetRoleRequest getRoleRequest = GetRoleRequest.newBuilder().setName(roleId).build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      Role role = iamClient.getRole(getRoleRequest);
      role.getIncludedPermissionsList().forEach(permission -> System.out.println(permission));
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from google.api_core.exceptions import NotFound
from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import GetRoleRequest, IAMClient, Role


def get_role(project_id: str, role_id: str) -> Role:
    client = IAMClient()
    name = f"projects/{project_id}/roles/{role_id}"
    request = GetRoleRequest(name=name)
    try:
        role = client.get_role(request)
        print(f"Retrieved role: {role_id}: {role}")
        return role
    except NotFound:
        raise f"Role with id [{role_id}] not found, take some actions"

REST

The roles.get method gets the definition of a role.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• ROLE_NAME: The full role name, including any organizations/, projects/, or roles/ prefixes. For example, organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin.

HTTP method and URL:

GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Complete any required fields and click Execute.

The response contains the role definition.

{
  "name": "projects/my-project/roles/customRole",
  "title": "My Custom Role",
  "description": "My custom role description.",
  "includedPermissions": [
    "storage.buckets.get",
    "storage.buckets.list"
  ],
  "etag": "BwWiPg2fmDE="
}

Create a custom role

You can create a custom role at the project or organization level.

Note: You cannot define custom roles at the folder level. If you need to use a custom role within a folder, define the custom role at the organization level.

An organization-level custom role can include any of the IAM permissions that are supported in custom roles. A project-level custom role can contain any supported permission except for permissions that can only be used at the organization or folder level, such as resourcemanager.organizations.get. If you try to add these permissions to a project-level custom role, you see an error message:

Console

The following warning message is displayed: "Not applicable for project-level custom roles". The permission will be automatically unselected from the list of included permissions, and you can proceed with creating the role.

gcloud

The following error message is returned: INVALID_ARGUMENT: Permission PERMISSION is not valid. The custom role will not be created until you first remove the permission from the role definition and try the operation again.

REST API

The following error message is returned: Permission PERMISSION is not valid, along with an HTTP 400 error code and a status of INVALID_ARGUMENT. The custom role will not be created until you first remove the permission from the role definition and try the operation again.

Each custom role can contain up to 3,000 permissions. Also, the maximum total size of the title, description, and permission names for a custom role is 64 KB. If you need to create a larger custom role, you can split the permissions across multiple custom roles. Choose role titles that show the relationship between the custom roles, such as Custom Admin (1 of 2) and Custom Admin (2 of 2).

Each custom role can have a launch stage. Most launch stages are informational, and help you keep track of whether each role is ready for widespread use. Additionally, the DISABLED launch stage lets you disable a custom role. For more information about launch stages, see Testing and deploying.

Console

Some predefined roles contain deprecated permissions or permissions that are otherwise not permitted in custom roles. If you try to create a custom role based on one of these predefined roles, the custom role will omit the deprecated and restricted permissions.

To create a new custom role from scratch:

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Using the drop-down list at the top of the page, select the organization or project in which you want to create a role.

3. Click Create Role.

4. Enter a Title, Description, ID, and Role launch stage for the role. The role ID cannot be changed after the role is created.

5. Click Add Permissions.

6. Select the permissions you want to include in the role and click Add Permissions. Use the All Services and All Types drop-down lists to filter and select permissions by services and types.

Creating a custom role based on an existing predefined role:

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Select the organization or project in which you want to create a role.
3. Select the roles on which you want to base the new custom role.
4. Click Create Role from Selection.
5. Enter a Title, Description, ID, and Role launch stage for the role. The role ID cannot be changed after the role is created.
6. Uncheck the permissions you want to exclude from the role.
7. Click Add Permissions to include any permissions.
8. Click Create.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles create command to create new custom roles. You can use this command in two ways:

   • By providing a YAML file that contains the role definition

   • By using flags to specify the role definition

   When creating a custom role, you must specify whether it applies to the organization level or project level by using the --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID or --project=PROJECT_ID flags. Each example below creates a custom role at the project level.

   A custom role can contain only permissions that are supported in custom roles. If the custom role contains other permissions, the command fails.

   To create a custom role using a YAML file:

   Create a YAML file that contains the definition for your custom role. The file must be structured in the following way:

   title: ROLE_TITLE
   description: ROLE_DESCRIPTION
   stage: LAUNCH_STAGE
   includedPermissions:
   - PERMISSION_1
   - PERMISSION_2

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_TITLE is a friendly title for the role, such as "My Company Admin".

   • ROLE_DESCRIPTION is a short description of the role, such as "My custom role description".

   • LAUNCH_STAGE indicates the stage of a role in the launch lifecycle, such as ALPHA, BETA, or GA.

   • PERMISSION_1 and PERMISSION_2 are permissions to include in the custom role, such as iam.roles.get. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.

   Save the YAML file, and then execute one of the following commands:

   • To create a custom role at the organization level, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles create ROLE_ID--organization=ORGANIZATION_ID \
         --file=YAML_FILE_PATH

   • To create a custom role at the project level, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles create ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID \
         --file=YAML_FILE_PATH

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   • YAML_FILE_PATH is the path to the location of your YAML file that contains the custom role definition.

   Examples

   The following example YAML file demonstrates how to create a role definition:

   title: "My Company Admin"
   description: "My custom role description."
   stage: "ALPHA"
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list

   The following example demonstrates how to create a role at the organization level using the YAML file:

   gcloud iam roles create myCompanyAdmin --organization=123456789012 \
       --file=my-role-definition.yaml

   If the role was created successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   Created role [myCompanyAdmin].
   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBX0sQD0=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   The following example demonstrates how to create a role at the project level using the YAML file:

   gcloud iam roles create myCompanyAdmin --project=my-project \
       --file=my-role-definition.yaml

   If the role was created successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   Created role [myCompanyAdmin].
   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBX0sQD0=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   To create a custom role using flags:

   Execute one of the following commands:

   • To create a custom role at the organization level, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles create ROLE_ID--organization=ORGANIZATION_ID \
         --title=ROLE_TITLE --description=ROLE_DESCRIPTION \
         --permissions="PERMISSIONS_LIST" --stage=LAUNCH_STAGE

   • To create a custom role at the project level, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles create ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID \
         --title=ROLE_TITLE --description=ROLE_DESCRIPTION \
         --permissions="PERMISSIONS_LIST" --stage=LAUNCH_STAGE

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   • ROLE_TITLE is a friendly title for the role, such as "My Company Admin".

   • ROLE_DESCRIPTION is a short description of the role, such as "My custom role description.".

   • PERMISSIONS_LIST contains a comma-separated list of permissions you want to include in the custom role. For example: iam.roles.get,iam.roles.list. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.

   • LAUNCH_STAGE indicates the stage of a role in the launch lifecycle, such as ALPHA, BETA, or GA.

   Examples

   The following example demonstrates how to create a role at the organization level using flags:

   gcloud iam roles create myCompanyAdmin --organization=123456789012 \
       --title="My Company Admin" --description="My custom role description." \
       --permissions="iam.roles.get,iam.roles.list" --stage=ALPHA

   If the role was created successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   Created role [myCompanyAdmin].
   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBX0sQD0=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   The following example demonstrates how to create a role at the project level using flags:

   gcloud iam roles create myCompanyAdmin --project=my-project \
       --title="My Company Admin" --description="My custom role description." \
       --permissions="iam.roles.get,iam.roles.list" --stage=ALPHA

   If the role was created successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   Created role [myCompanyAdmin].
   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBX0sQD0=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& parent, std::string const& role_id,
   std::vector<std::string> const& included_permissions) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::CreateRoleRequest request;
  request.set_parent("projects/" + parent);
  request.set_role_id(role_id);
  google::iam::admin::v1::Role role;
  role.set_stage(google::iam::admin::v1::Role::GA);
  for (auto const& permission : included_permissions) {
    *role.add_included_permissions() = permission;
  }
  *request.mutable_role() = role;
  auto response = client.CreateRole(request);
  if (!response) throw std::move(response).status();
  std::cout << "Role successfully created: " << response->DebugString()
            << "\n";
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static Role CreateRole(string name, string projectId, string title,
        string description, IList<string> permissions, string stage)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        var role = new Role
        {
            Title = title,
            Description = description,
            IncludedPermissions = permissions,
            Stage = stage
        };
        var request = new CreateRoleRequest
        {
            Role = role,
            RoleId = name
        };
        role = service.Projects.Roles.Create(request,
            "projects/" + projectId).Execute();
        Console.WriteLine("Created role: " + role.Name);
        return role;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// createRole creates a custom role.
func createRole(w io.Writer, projectID, name, title, description, stage string, permissions []string) (*iam.Role, error) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	request := &iam.CreateRoleRequest{
		Role: &iam.Role{
			Title:               title,
			Description:         description,
			IncludedPermissions: permissions,
			Stage:               stage,
		},
		RoleId: name,
	}
	role, err := service.Projects.Roles.Create("projects/"+projectID, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Projects.Roles.Create: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created role: %v", role.Name)
	return role, nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.CreateRoleRequest;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role.RoleLaunchStage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

/** Create role. */
public class CreateRole {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String roleId = "a unique identifier (e.g. testViewer)";
    String title = "a title for your role (e.g. IAM Role Viewer)";
    String description = "a description of the role";
    Iterable<String> includedPermissions =
        Arrays.asList("roles/iam.roleViewer", "roles/logging.viewer");

    createRole(projectId, title, description, includedPermissions, roleId);
  }

  public static void createRole(
      String projectId,
      String title,
      String description,
      Iterable<String> includedPermissions,
      String roleId)
      throws IOException {
    Role.Builder roleBuilder =
        Role.newBuilder()
            .setTitle(title)
            .setDescription(description)
            .addAllIncludedPermissions(includedPermissions)
            // See launch stage enums at
            // https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/reference/rpc/google.iam.admin.v1#rolelaunchstage
            .setStage(RoleLaunchStage.BETA);
    CreateRoleRequest createRoleRequest =
        CreateRoleRequest.newBuilder()
            .setParent("projects/" + projectId)
            .setRoleId(roleId)
            .setRole(roleBuilder)
            .build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      Role result = iamClient.createRole(createRoleRequest);
      System.out.println("Created role: " + result.getName());
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from typing import List, Optional

from google.api_core.exceptions import AlreadyExists, FailedPrecondition
from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import CreateRoleRequest, IAMClient, Role


def create_role(
    project_id: str, role_id: str, permissions: List[str], title: Optional[str] = None
) -> Role:
    """
    Creates iam role with given parameters.
    Args:
        project_id: GCP project id
        role_id: id of GCP iam role
        permissions: list of iam permissions to assign to role. f.e ["iam.roles.get", "iam.roles.list"]
        title: title for iam role. role_id will be used in case of None

    Returns: google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.Role object
    """
    client = IAMClient()

    parent = f"projects/{project_id}"

    request = CreateRoleRequest(
        parent=parent,
        role_id=role_id,
        role=Role(title=title, included_permissions=permissions),
    )
    try:
        role = client.create_role(request)
        print(f"Created iam role: {role_id}: {role}")
        return role
    except AlreadyExists:
        print(f"Role with id [{role_id}] already exists, take some actions")
    except FailedPrecondition:
        print(
            f"Role with id [{role_id}] already exists and in deleted state, take some actions"
        )

REST

The roles.create method creates a custom role in a project or organization.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• RESOURCE_TYPE: The resource type whose custom roles you want to manage. Use the value projects or organizations.
• RESOURCE_ID: The project ID or organization ID whose custom roles you want to manage. Project IDs are alphanumeric strings, like my-project. Organization IDs are numeric, like 123456789012.
• ROLE_ID: The name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.
• ROLE_TITLE: The human-readable title for the role. For example, My Company Admin.
• ROLE_DESCRIPTION: A description for the role. For example, "The company admin role allows company admins to access important resources".

• PERMISSION_1 and PERMISSION_2: The permissions that you want to include in the role. For example, storage.objects.update. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.

  A custom role can contain only permissions that are supported in custom roles. If the custom role contains other permissions, the request fails.

• LAUNCH_STAGE: The current launch stage of the role. This field can contain one of the following values: EAP, ALPHA, BETA, GA, DEPRECATED, or DISABLED.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles

Request JSON body:

{
  "roleId": "ROLE_ID",
  "role": {
    "title": "ROLE_TITLE",
    "description": "ROLE_DESCRIPTION",
    "includedPermissions": [
      "PERMISSION_1",
      "PERMISSION_2"
    ],
    "stage": "LAUNCH_STAGE"
  }
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Copy the request body and open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Paste the request body in this tool, complete any other required fields, and click Execute.

The response contains the role you created.

{
  "name": "projects/myProject/roles/myCompanyAdmin",
  "title": "My Company Admin",
  "description": "My custom role description.",
  "includedPermissions": [
    "iam.roles.get",
    "iam.roles.list"
  ],
  "etag": "BwWox/JbaZw="
}

Edit an existing custom role

A common pattern for updating a resource's metadata, such as a custom role, is the read-modify-write pattern. With this pattern, you read the role's current state, update the data locally, and then send the modified data for writing.

The read-modify-write pattern can cause a conflict if two or more independent processes attempt the sequence simultaneously. For example, if two owners for a project try to make conflicting changes to a role at the same time, some changes could fail. IAM solves this problem using an etag property in custom roles. This property is used to verify if the custom role has changed since the last request. When you make a request to IAM with an etag value, IAM compares the etag value in the request with the existing etag value associated with the custom role. It writes the change only if the etag values match.

When you update a role, first get the role using roles.get(), update the role, and then write the updated role using roles.patch(). Use the etag value when setting the role only if the corresponding role in roles.get() contains an etag value.

Note: When modifying a custom role by adding or removing any of the following permissions: resourcemanager.organizations.get, resourcemanager.folders.get, and resourcemanager.projects.get, the change to the custom role can require up to 24 hours to take effect for the organizations.search and folders.search Cloud Resource Manager APIs. The API projects.list is also subject to this delay for API calls that do not provide a filter specifying a parent type and ID. This delay occurs because these permissions involve search functionality, and it can take up to 24 hours between rebuilds of the search index.

Console

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Using the drop-down list at the top of the page, select the project or organization that contains the role that you want to edit.

3. Click a custom role.

4. Click Edit Role.

5. To update the role's metadata, edit the role's Title, Description, or Role launch stage.

6. To update the role's permissions, do the following:

   1. Click Add Permissions to add new permissions to the role.
   2. Uncheck permissions to remove permissions from the role.

7. Click Update to save the edited role.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles update command to update custom roles. You can use this command in two ways:

   • By providing a YAML file that contains the updated role definition

   • By using flags to specify the updated role definition

   When updating a custom role, you must specify whether it applies to the organization level or project level by using the --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID or --project=PROJECT_ID flags. Each example below creates a custom role at the project level.

   To update a custom role using a YAML file:

   Get the current definition for the role by executing one of the following commands:

   • To get the role definition of an organization-level custom role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles describe ROLE_ID --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID

   • To get the role definition of a project-level custom role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles describe ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role to update, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   The describe command returns the role's definition and includes an etag value that uniquely identifies the current version of the role. The etag value should be provided in the updated role definition to ensure that any concurrent role changes are not overwritten.

   The describe command returns the following output:

   description: ROLE_DESCRIPTION
   etag: ETAG
   includedPermissions:
   - PERMISSION_1
   - PERMISSION_2
   name: ROLE_NAME
   stage: LAUNCH_STAGE
   title: ROLE_TITLE

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_DESCRIPTION is a short description of the role, such as "My custom role description".

   • ETAG is the unique identifier for the current version of the role, such as BwVkBkbfr70=.

   • PERMISSION_1 and PERMISSION_2 are permissions to include in the custom role, such as iam.roles.get. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.

   • ROLE_NAME is the full role name, including any organizations/, projects/, or roles/ prefixes. For example, organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin.

   • LAUNCH_STAGE indicates the stage of a role in the launch lifecycle, such as ALPHA, BETA, or GA.

   • ROLE_TITLE is a friendly title for the role, such as "My Company Admin".

   To update the role, either include the outputted role definition to a YAML file or update the original YAML file with the outputted etag value.

   Consider the following example YAML file, which contains the output from the describe command for a project-level role and adds two Cloud Storage permissions:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBkbfr70=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   - storage.buckets.get
   - storage.buckets.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   Save the YAML file, and then execute one of the following commands:

   • To update an organization-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID--organization=ORGANIZATION_ID \
         --file=YAML_FILE_PATH

   • To update a project-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID \
         --file=YAML_FILE_PATH

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role to update, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project-id.

   • YAML_FILE_PATH is the path to the location of your YAML file that contains the updated custom role definition.

   Examples

   The following example demonstrates how to update an organization-level role using a YAML file:

   gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID \
       --file=YAML_FILE_PATH

   • To update a project-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID \
         --file=YAML_FILE_PATH

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role to update, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   • YAML_FILE_PATH is the path to the location of your YAML file that contains the updated custom role definition.

   Examples

   The following example demonstrates how to update an organization-level role using a YAML file:

   gcloud iam roles update myCompanyAdmin --organization=123456789012 \
       --file=my-role-definition.yaml

   If the role was updated successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBwDN0lg=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   - storage.buckets.get
   - storage.buckets.list
   name: organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   The following example demonstrates how to update a project-level role using a YAML file:

   gcloud iam roles update myCompanyAdmin --project=my-project \
       --file=my-role-definition.yaml

   If the role was updated successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBwDN0lg=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   - storage.buckets.get
   - storage.buckets.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   To update a custom role using flags:

   Each part of a role definition can be updated using a corresponding flag. See the gcloud iam roles update topic for a list of all possible flags.

   You can use the following flags to add or remove permissions:

   • --add-permissions=PERMISSIONS: Adds one or more comma-separated permissions to the role. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.

   • --remove-permissions=PERMISSIONS: Removes one or more comma-separated permissions from the role. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.

   Alternatively, you can simply specify the new permissions using the --permissions=PERMISSIONS flag and providing a comma-separated list of permissions to replace the existing permissions list.

   To update other parts of the role definition, execute one of the following commands:

   • To update an organization-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID--organization=ORGANIZATION_ID \
         --title=ROLE_TITLE --description=ROLE_DESCRIPTION \
         --stage=LAUNCH_STAGE

   • To update a project-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID \
         --title=ROLE_TITLE --description=ROLE_DESCRIPTION \
         --stage=LAUNCH_STAGE

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   • ROLE_TITLE is a friendly title for the role, such as "My Company Admin".

   • ROLE_DESCRIPTION is a short description of the role, such as "My custom role description.".

   • LAUNCH_STAGE indicates the stage of a role in the launch lifecycle, such as ALPHA, BETA, or GA.

   Examples

   The following example demonstrates how to add permissions to an organization-level role using flags:

   gcloud iam roles update myCompanyAdmin --organization=123456789012 \
       --add-permissions="storage.buckets.get,storage.buckets.list"

   If the role was updated successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBwDN0lg=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   - storage.buckets.get
   - storage.buckets.list
   name: organization/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   The following example demonstrates how to add permissions to a project-level role using flags:

   gcloud iam roles update myCompanyAdmin --project=my-project \
       --add-permissions="storage.buckets.get,storage.buckets.list"

   If the role was updated successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkBwDN0lg=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   - storage.buckets.get
   - storage.buckets.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& name, std::string const& title) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::UpdateRoleRequest request;
  request.set_name(name);
  google::iam::admin::v1::Role role;
  role.set_title(title);
  google::protobuf::FieldMask update_mask;
  *update_mask.add_paths() = "title";
  *request.mutable_role() = role;
  *request.mutable_update_mask() = update_mask;
  auto response = client.UpdateRole(request);
  if (!response) throw std::move(response).status();
  std::cout << "Role successfully updated: " << response->DebugString()
            << "\n";
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static Role EditRole(string name, string projectId, string newTitle,
        string newDescription, IList<string> newPermissions, string newStage)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });
        // First, get a Role using List() or Get().
        string resource = $"projects/{projectId}/roles/{name}";
        var role = service.Projects.Roles.Get(resource).Execute();
        // Then you can update its fields.
        role.Title = newTitle;
        role.Description = newDescription;
        role.IncludedPermissions = newPermissions;
        role.Stage = newStage;
        role = service.Projects.Roles.Patch(role, resource).Execute();
        Console.WriteLine("Updated role: " + role.Name);
        return role;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// editRole modifies a custom role.
func editRole(w io.Writer, projectID, name, newTitle, newDescription, newStage string, newPermissions []string) (*iam.Role, error) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	resource := "projects/" + projectID + "/roles/" + name
	role, err := service.Projects.Roles.Get(resource).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Projects.Roles.Get: %w", err)
	}
	role.Title = newTitle
	role.Description = newDescription
	role.IncludedPermissions = newPermissions
	role.Stage = newStage
	role, err = service.Projects.Roles.Patch(resource, role).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Projects.Roles.Patch: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated role: %v", role.Name)
	return role, nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role.RoleLaunchStage;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.UpdateRoleRequest;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import java.io.IOException;

/** Edit role metadata. Specifically, update description and launch stage. */
public class EditRole {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variables before running the sample.
    // Role ID must point to an existing role.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String roleId = "a unique identifier (e.g. testViewer)";
    String description = "a new description of the role";

    editRole(projectId, roleId, description);
  }

  public static void editRole(String projectId, String roleId, String description)
      throws IOException {
    String roleName = "projects/" + projectId + "/roles/" + roleId;
    Role.Builder roleBuilder =
        Role.newBuilder()
            .setName(roleName)
            .setDescription(description)
            // See launch stage enums at
            // https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/reference/rpc/google.iam.admin.v1#rolelaunchstage
            .setStage(RoleLaunchStage.GA);
    FieldMask fieldMask = FieldMask.newBuilder().addPaths("description").addPaths("stage").build();
    UpdateRoleRequest updateRoleRequest =
        UpdateRoleRequest.newBuilder()
            .setName(roleName)
            .setRole(roleBuilder)
            .setUpdateMask(fieldMask)
            .build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      Role result = iamClient.updateRole(updateRoleRequest);
      System.out.println("Edited role:\n" + result);
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from google.api_core.exceptions import NotFound
from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import IAMClient, Role, UpdateRoleRequest

from snippets.get_role import get_role


def edit_role(role: Role) -> Role:
    """
    Edits an existing IAM role in a GCP project.
    Args:
        role: google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.Role object to be updated

    Returns: Updated google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.Role object
    """
    client = IAMClient()
    request = UpdateRoleRequest(name=role.name, role=role)
    try:
        role = client.update_role(request)
        print(f"Edited role: {role.name}: {role}")
        return role
    except NotFound:
        print(f"Role [{role.name}] not found, take some actions")

REST

The roles.patch method updates a custom role in a project or organization.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

Required:

• RESOURCE_TYPE: The resource type whose custom roles you want to manage. Use the value projects or organizations.
• RESOURCE_ID: The project ID or organization ID whose custom roles you want to manage. Project IDs are alphanumeric strings, like my-project. Organization IDs are numeric, like 123456789012.
• ROLE_NAME: The full role name, including any organizations/, projects/, or roles/ prefixes. For example, organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin.

Recommended:

• ETAG: An identifier for a version of the role. Include this field to prevent overwriting other role changes.

Optional (define one or more of the following values):

• ROLE_TITLE: The human-readable title for the role. For example, My Company Admin.
• ROLE_DESCRIPTION: A description for the role. For example, "The company admin role allows company admins to access important resources".
• PERMISSION_1 and PERMISSION_2: The permissions that you want to include in the role. For example, storage.objects.update. You can't use wildcard characters (*) in permission names.
• LAUNCH_STAGE: The current launch stage of the role. This field can contain one of the following values: EAP, ALPHA, BETA, GA, DEPRECATED, or DISABLED.

HTTP method and URL:

PATCH https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles

Request JSON body:

{
  "roleId": "ROLE_NAME",
  "title": "ROLE_TITLE",
  "description": "ROLE_DESCRIPTION",
  "includedPermissions": [
    "PERMISSION_1",
    "PERMISSION_2"
  ],
  "stage": "LAUNCH-STAGE",
  "etag": "ETAG"
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X PATCH \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PATCH `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Copy the request body and open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Paste the request body in this tool, complete any other required fields, and click Execute.

The response contains an abbreviated role definition that includes the role name, the fields that you updated, and an etag that identifies the current version of the role.

{
  "name": "projects/test-project-1000092/roles/myCompanyAdmin",
  "title": "My Updated Company Admin",
  "includedPermissions": [
    "storage.buckets.get",
    "storage.buckets.list"
  ],
  "stage": "BETA",
  "etag": "BwWoyDpAxBc="
}

Disable a custom role

You can disable a custom role by changing its launch stage to DISABLED. When a role is disabled, any role bindings related to the role are inactivated, meaning that granting the role to a user has no effect.

Console

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Click "Select a project" drop-down list at the top of the page.

3. Select your organization or project.

4. Select a custom role and click Disable.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles update command to disable a custom role by setting its launch stage to DISABLED.

   As described in the gcloud tab of the Editing an existing custom role section, you can update an existing custom role in the following two ways:

   • By providing a YAML file that contains the updated role definition

   • By using flags to specify the updated role definition

   The easiest way to disable an existing custom role is to use the --stage flag and set it to DISABLED. Execute one of the following commands:

   • To disable an organization-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID--organization=ORGANIZATION_ID \
         --stage=DISABLED

   • To disable a project-level role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles update ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID \
         --stage=DISABLED

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   Examples

   The following example demonstrates how to disable an organization-level role:

   gcloud iam roles update myCompanyAdmin --organization=123456789012 \
       --stage=DISABLED

   If the role was updated successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkB5NLIQw=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: organization/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: DISABLED
   title: My Company Admin

   The following example demonstrates how to disable a project-level role:

   gcloud iam roles update myCompanyAdmin --project=my-project \
       --stage=DISABLED

   If the role was updated successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkB5NLIQw=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: DISABLED
   title: My Company Admin

C++

Update the stage field of the role to DISABLED.

C#

Update the stage field of the role to DISABLED.

Go

Update the stage field of the role to DISABLED.

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.UpdateRoleRequest;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import java.io.IOException;

public class DisableRole {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variables before running the sample.
    // Role ID must point to an existing role.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String roleId = "testRole";

    Role role = disableRole(projectId, roleId);
    System.out.println("Role name: " + role.getName());
    System.out.println("Role stage: " + role.getStage());
  }

  public static Role disableRole(String projectId, String roleId)
          throws IOException {
    String roleName = "projects/" + projectId + "/roles/" + roleId;
    Role role = Role.newBuilder()
                    .setName(roleName)
                    .setStage(Role.RoleLaunchStage.DISABLED)
                    .build();

    FieldMask fieldMask = FieldMask.newBuilder().addPaths("stage").build();
    UpdateRoleRequest updateRoleRequest =
              UpdateRoleRequest.newBuilder()
                      .setName(roleName)
                      .setRole(role)
                      .setUpdateMask(fieldMask)
                      .build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      return iamClient.updateRole(updateRoleRequest);
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import GetRoleRequest, IAMClient, Role, UpdateRoleRequest


def disable_role(project_id: str, role_id: str) -> Role:
    """
    Disables an IAM role in a GCP project.
    Args:
        project_id: GCP project ID
        role_id: ID of GCP IAM role

    Returns: Updated google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.Role object with disabled stage
    """
    client = IAMClient()
    name = f"projects/{project_id}/roles/{role_id}"
    get_request = GetRoleRequest(name=name)
    try:
        role = client.get_role(get_request)
        role.stage = Role.RoleLaunchStage.DISABLED
        update_request = UpdateRoleRequest(name=role.name, role=role)
        client.update_role(update_request)
        print(f"Disabled role: {role_id}: {role}")
        return role
    except NotFound:
        raise f"Role with id [{role_id}] not found, take some actions"

REST

The roles.patch method lets you change a custom role's launch stage to DISABLED, which disables the role.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• RESOURCE_TYPE: The resource type whose custom roles you want to manage. Use the value projects or organizations.
• RESOURCE_ID: The project ID or organization ID whose custom roles you want to manage. Project IDs are alphanumeric strings, like my-project. Organization IDs are numeric, like 123456789012.
• ROLE_NAME: The full role name, including any organizations/, projects/, or roles/ prefixes. For example, organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin.
• ETAG: An identifier for a version of the role. Include this field to prevent overwriting other role changes.

HTTP method and URL:

PATCH https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles

Request JSON body:

{
  "roleId": "ROLE_NAME",
  "stage": DISABLED,
  "etag": "ETAG"
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X PATCH \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PATCH `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Copy the request body and open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Paste the request body in this tool, complete any other required fields, and click Execute.

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

{
  "name": "projects/test-project-1000092/roles/myCompanyAdmin",
  "stage": "DISABLED",
  "etag": "BwWoyDpAxBc="
}

List roles

You can list all custom roles created in your project or organization.

Console

In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

Go to the Roles page

All the custom roles for the organization or project that you have selected are listed on the page.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles list command to list custom roles and predefined roles for a project or organization:

   • To list organization-level custom roles, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles list --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID

   • To list project-level custom roles, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles list --project=PROJECT_ID

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   To list deleted roles, you can also specify the --show-deleted flag.

   Execute the following command to list predefined roles:

   gcloud iam roles list

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& project) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  int count = 0;
  google::iam::admin::v1::ListRolesRequest request;
  request.set_parent(project);
  for (auto& role : client.ListRoles(request)) {
    if (!role) throw std::move(role).status();
    std::cout << "Roles successfully retrieved: " << role->name() << "\n";
    ++count;
  }
  if (count == 0) {
    std::cout << "No roles found in project: " << project << "\n";
  }
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static IList<Role> ListRoles(string projectId)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        var response = service.Projects.Roles.List("projects/" + projectId)
            .Execute();
        foreach (var role in response.Roles)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(role.Name);
        }
        return response.Roles;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// listRoles lists a project's roles.
func listRoles(w io.Writer, projectID string) ([]*iam.Role, error) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	response, err := service.Projects.Roles.List("projects/" + projectID).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Projects.Roles.List: %w", err)
	}
	for _, role := range response.Roles {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Listing role: %v\n", role.Name)
	}
	return response.Roles, nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient.ListRolesPagedResponse;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.ListRolesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

/** List roles in a project. */
public class ListRoles {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variable before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";

    listRoles(projectId);
  }

  public static void listRoles(String projectId) throws IOException {
    ListRolesRequest listRolesRequest =
        ListRolesRequest.newBuilder().setParent("projects/" + projectId).build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      ListRolesPagedResponse listRolesResponse = iamClient.listRoles(listRolesRequest);
      listRolesResponse.iterateAll().forEach(role -> System.out.println(role));
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import IAMClient, ListRolesRequest, RoleView
from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.services.iam.pagers import ListRolesPager


def list_roles(
    project_id: str, show_deleted: bool = True, role_view: RoleView = RoleView.BASIC
) -> ListRolesPager:
    """
    Lists IAM roles in a GCP project.
    Args:
        project_id: GCP project ID
        show_deleted: Whether to include deleted roles in the results
        role_view: Level of detail for the returned roles (e.g., BASIC or FULL)

    Returns: A pager for traversing through the roles
    """
    client = IAMClient()
    parent = f"projects/{project_id}"
    request = ListRolesRequest(parent=parent, show_deleted=show_deleted, view=role_view)
    roles = client.list_roles(request)
    for page in roles.pages:
        for role in page.roles:
            print(role)
    print("Listed all iam roles")
    return roles

REST

The roles.list method lists all of the custom roles in a project or organization.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• RESOURCE_TYPE: The resource type whose custom roles you want to manage. Use the value projects or organizations.
• RESOURCE_ID: The project ID or organization ID whose custom roles you want to manage. Project IDs are alphanumeric strings, like my-project. Organization IDs are numeric, like 123456789012.
• ROLE_VIEW: Optional. The information to include for the returned roles. To include the roles' permissions, set this field to FULL. To exclude the roles' permissions, set this field to BASIC. The default value is BASIC.
• PAGE_SIZE: Optional. The number of roles to include in the response. The default value is 300, and the maximum value is 1,000. If the number of roles is greater than the page size, the response contains a pagination token that you can use to retrieve the next page of results.
• NEXT_PAGE_TOKEN: Optional. The pagination token returned in an earlier response from this method. If specified, the list of roles will start where the previous request ended.

Note: To list all predefined IAM roles, omit the RESOURCE_TYPE and RESOURCE_ID fields. For example: GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/roles.

HTTP method and URL:

GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles?view=ROLE_VIEW&pageSize=PAGE_SIZE&pageToken=NEXT_PAGE_TOKEN

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles?view=ROLE_VIEW&pageSize=PAGE_SIZE&pageToken=NEXT_PAGE_TOKEN"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/RESOURCE_TYPE/RESOURCE_ID/roles?view=ROLE_VIEW&pageSize=PAGE_SIZE&pageToken=NEXT_PAGE_TOKEN" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Complete any required fields and click Execute.

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

{
  "roles": [
    {
      "name": "projects/my-project/roles/customRole1",
      "title": "First Custom Role",
      "description": "Created on: 2020-06-01",
      "etag": "BwWiPg2fmDE="
    },
    {
      "name": "projects/my-project/roles/customRole2",
      "title": "Second Custom Role",
      "description": "Created on: 2020-06-07",
      "etag": "BwWiuX53Wi0="
    }
  ]
}

Delete a custom role

You can delete any custom role in your project or organization.

Important: Deleted roles are suspended and cannot be used to create new role bindings in allow policies. Existing role bindings that include the deleted role have no effect.

Console

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Select the role you wish to delete and click Delete on the top of the page.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles delete command to delete a custom role:

   • To delete an organization-level custom role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles delete ROLE_ID --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID

   • To delete a project-level custom role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles delete ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   The role will not be included in gcloud iam roles list, unless the --show-deleted flag is included. Deleted roles are indicated by the deleted: true block in a list response, such as:

   ---
   deleted: true
   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkB5NLIQw=
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   title: My Company Admin
   ---
   

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& name) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::DeleteRoleRequest request;
  request.set_name(name);
  auto response = client.DeleteRole(request);
  if (!response) throw std::move(response).status();
  std::cout << "Role successfully deleted: " << response->DebugString()
            << "\n";
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static void DeleteRole(string name, string projectId)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        service.Projects.Roles.Delete(
            $"projects/{projectId}/roles/{name}").Execute();
        Console.WriteLine("Deleted role: " + name);
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// deleteRole deletes a custom role.
func deleteRole(w io.Writer, projectID, name string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	_, err = service.Projects.Roles.Delete("projects/" + projectID + "/roles/" + name).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Projects.Roles.Delete: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Deleted role: %v", name)
	return nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.DeleteRoleRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

/** Delete role. */
public class DeleteRole {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variables before running the sample.
    // Role ID must point to an existing role.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String roleId = "a unique identifier (e.g. testViewer)";

    deleteRole(projectId, roleId);
  }

  public static void deleteRole(String projectId, String roleId) throws IOException {
    String roleName = "projects/" + projectId + "/roles/" + roleId;
    DeleteRoleRequest deleteRoleRequest = DeleteRoleRequest.newBuilder().setName(roleName).build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      iamClient.deleteRole(deleteRoleRequest);
      System.out.println("Role deleted.");
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from google.api_core.exceptions import FailedPrecondition, NotFound
from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import (
    DeleteRoleRequest,
    IAMClient,
    Role,
    UndeleteRoleRequest,
)

def delete_role(project_id: str, role_id: str) -> Role:
    """
    Deletes iam role in GCP project. Can be undeleted later
    Args:
        project_id: GCP project id
        role_id: id of GCP iam role

    Returns: google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.Role object
    """
    client = IAMClient()
    name = f"projects/{project_id}/roles/{role_id}"
    request = DeleteRoleRequest(name=name)
    try:
        role = client.delete_role(request)
        print(f"Deleted role: {role_id}: {role}")
        return role
    except NotFound:
        print(f"Role with id [{role_id}] not found, take some actions")
    except FailedPrecondition as err:
        print(f"Role with id [{role_id}] already deleted, take some actions)", err)

REST

The roles.delete method deletes a custom role in a project or organization.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• ROLE_NAME: The full role name, including any organizations/, projects/, or roles/ prefixes. For example, organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin.

HTTP method and URL:

DELETE https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

curl -X DELETE \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method DELETE `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Complete any required fields and click Execute.

The response contains the definition of the role that was deleted.

{
  "name": "projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin",
  "title": "My Company Admin",
  "description": "My custom role description.",
  "includedPermissions": [
    "iam.roles.get",
    "iam.roles.list"
  ],
  "etag": "BwWiPg2fmDE=",
  "deleted": true
}

When a role is deleted, any role bindings that refer to the role remain in your allow policies, but they have no effect. You can undelete a role within 7 days. During this 7-day period, the Google Cloud console shows that the role was deleted. You can also list deleted roles programmatically, but they are omitted by default.

After 7 to 14 days, the role is scheduled for permanent deletion. At this point, the role no longer counts towards the limit of 300 custom roles per organization or 300 custom roles per project.

Note: Custom roles created in a project do not count towards your organization's custom role limit.

The permanent deletion process takes 30 days. During the 30-day window, the role and all associated bindings are permanently removed, and you cannot create a new role with the same role ID.

After the role has been permanently deleted, up to 44 days after the initial deletion request, you can create a new role using the same role ID.

Undelete a custom role

Undeleting a role returns it to its previous state.

Roles can only be undeleted within 7 days. After 7 days, the role can be permanently deleted at any time, and all role bindings that refer to the role are removed.

Console

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Roles page.

   Go to the Roles page

2. Locate the role you wish to undelete, click the more icon at the end of the row, and click Undelete.

gcloud

1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Use the gcloud iam roles undelete command to undelete a custom role:

   • To undelete an organization-level custom role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles undelete ROLE_ID --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID

   • To undelete a project-level custom role, execute the following command:

     gcloud iam roles undelete ROLE_ID --project=PROJECT_ID

   Each placeholder value is described below:

   • ROLE_ID is the name of the role, such as myCompanyAdmin.

   • ORGANIZATION_ID is the numeric ID of the organization, such as 123456789012.

   • PROJECT_ID is the name of the project, such as my-project.

   Examples

   The following example demonstrates how to undelete an organization-level custom role:

   gcloud iam roles undelete myCompanyAdmin --organization=123456789012

   If the role was undeleted successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkCAx9W6w=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: organization/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

   The following example demonstrates how to undelete a project-level custom role:

   gcloud iam roles undelete myCompanyAdmin --project=my-project

   If the role was undeleted successfully, the command's output is similar to the following:

   description: My custom role description.
   etag: BwVkCAx9W6w=
   includedPermissions:
   - iam.roles.get
   - iam.roles.list
   name: projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin
   stage: ALPHA
   title: My Company Admin

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C++ API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& name) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::UndeleteRoleRequest request;
  request.set_name(name);
  auto response = client.UndeleteRole(request);
  if (!response) throw std::move(response).status();
  std::cout << "Role successfully undeleted: " << response->DebugString()
            << "\n";
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

using System;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class CustomRoles
{
    public static Role UndeleteRole(string name, string projectId)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        string resource = $"projects/{projectId}/roles/{name}";
        var role = service.Projects.Roles.Undelete(
            new UndeleteRoleRequest(), resource).Execute();
        Console.WriteLine("Undeleted role: " + role.Name);
        return role;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Go API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// undeleteRole restores a deleted custom role.
func undeleteRole(w io.Writer, projectID, name string) (*iam.Role, error) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	resource := "projects/" + projectID + "/roles/" + name
	request := &iam.UndeleteRoleRequest{}
	role, err := service.Projects.Roles.Undelete(resource, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Projects.Roles.Undelete: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Undeleted role: %v", role.Name)
	return role, nil
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.Role;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.UndeleteRoleRequest;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Undelete a role to return it to its previous state. Undeleting only works on roles that were
 * deleted in the past 7 days.
 */
public class UndeleteRole {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace the variables before running the sample.
    // Role ID must point to a role that was deleted in the past 7 days.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String roleId = "a unique identifier (e.g. testViewer)";

    undeleteRole(projectId, roleId);
  }

  public static void undeleteRole(String projectId, String roleId) throws IOException {
    String roleName = "projects/" + projectId + "/roles/" + roleId;
    UndeleteRoleRequest undeleteRoleRequest =
        UndeleteRoleRequest.newBuilder().setName(roleName).build();

    // Initialize client for sending requests. This client only needs to be created
    // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {
      Role result = iamClient.undeleteRole(undeleteRoleRequest);
      System.out.println("Undeleted role:\n" + result);
    }
  }
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for IAM, see IAM client libraries. For more information, see the IAM Python API reference documentation.

To authenticate to IAM, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Before you begin.

from google.api_core.exceptions import FailedPrecondition, NotFound
from google.cloud.iam_admin_v1 import (
    DeleteRoleRequest,
    IAMClient,
    Role,
    UndeleteRoleRequest,
)

def undelete_role(project_id: str, role_id: str) -> Role:
    """
    Undeleted deleted iam role in GCP project
    Args:
        project_id: GCP project id
        role_id: id of GCP iam role

    Returns: google.cloud.iam_admin_v1.Role object
    """
    client = IAMClient()
    name = f"projects/{project_id}/roles/{role_id}"
    request = UndeleteRoleRequest(name=name)
    try:
        role = client.undelete_role(request)
        print(f"Undeleted role: {role_id}: {role}")
        return role
    except NotFound:
        print(f"Role with id [{role_id}] not found, take some actions")
    except FailedPrecondition as err:
        print(f"Role with id [{role_id}] is not deleted, take some actions)", err)

REST

The roles.undelete method undeletes a custom role in a project or organization.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• ROLE_NAME: The full role name, including any organizations/, projects/, or roles/ prefixes. For example, organizations/123456789012/roles/myCompanyAdmin.
• ETAG: An identifier for a version of the role. Include this field to prevent overwriting other role changes.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME:undelete

Request JSON body:

{
  "etag": "ETAG"
}

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login , or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME:undelete"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by running gcloud init or gcloud auth login . You can check the currently active account by running gcloud auth list.

Save the request body in a file named request.json, and execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/ROLE_NAME:undelete" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer (browser)

Copy the request body and open the method reference page. The APIs Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Paste the request body in this tool, complete any other required fields, and click Execute.

The response contains the definition of the role that was undeleted.

{
  "name": "projects/my-project/roles/myCompanyAdmin",
  "title": "My Company Admin",
  "description": "My custom role description.",
  "includedPermissions": [
    "iam.roles.get",
    "iam.roles.list"
  ],
  "etag": "BwWiPg2fmDE="
}

What's next

• Find out how to grant roles to principals.
• Explore how you can use role recommendations to downscope permissions for principals.
• Learn about conditional role grants, which grant a role only if specific conditions are met.