Disable and enable service account keys

This page explains how to disable and enable service account keys using the Google Cloud console, the Google Cloud CLI, the Identity and Access Management API, or one of the Google Cloud Client Libraries.

Note: If you need to access resources from a workload that runs outside of Google Cloud, such as on Amazon Web Services (AWS) or Microsoft Azure, consider using workload identity federation instead of service account keys. Federation lets your workloads access resources directly, using a short-lived access token, and eliminates the maintenance and security burden associated with service account keys.

Before you begin

• Enable the IAM API.

  Enable the API

• Understand service account credentials.

Required roles

To get the permissions that you need to disable and enable service account keys, ask your administrator to grant you the Service Account Key Admin (roles/iam.serviceAccountKeyAdmin) IAM role on the project, or the service account whose keys you want to manage. For more information about granting roles, see Manage access.

You might also be able to get the required permissions through custom roles or other predefined roles.

For more information, see Service Accounts roles.

IAM basic roles also contain permissions to manage service account keys. You should not grant basic roles in a production environment, but you can grant them in a development or test environment.

Disable a service account key

Disabling a service account key prevents you from using the key to authenticate with Google APIs. You can enable a disabled key at any time.

Important: Disabling a service account key does not revoke short-lived credentials that were issued based on the key. To revoke a compromised short-lived credential, you must disable or delete the service account that the credential represents. If you do so, any workload that uses the service account will immediately lose access to your resources.

Before you delete a service account key, we recommend that you disable the key, then wait until you are sure that the key is no longer needed. You can then delete the key.

You can view disabled keys in the Google Cloud console, but you cannot use the Google Cloud console to disable a key. Use the gcloud CLI or the REST API instead.

gcloud

Execute the gcloud iam service-accounts keys disable command to disable a service account key.

Replace the following values:

• KEY_ID: The ID of the key to disable. To find the key's ID, list all keys for the service account, identify the key that you want to disable, and then copy its ID.
• SA_NAME: The name of the service account that the key belongs to.
• PROJECT_ID: Your Google Cloud project ID.

gcloud iam service-accounts keys disable KEY_ID \
    --iam-account=SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com

Output:

Disabled key [KEY_ID] for service account
[SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com]

REST

The projects.serviceAccounts.keys.disable method disables a service account key.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• PROJECT_ID: Your Google Cloud project ID. Project IDs are alphanumeric strings, like my-project.
• SA_NAME: The name of the service account whose key you want to disable.
• KEY_ID: The ID of the key that you want to disable. To find the key's ID, list all keys for the service account, identify the key that you want to disable, and then copy its ID from the end of the name field. The key's ID is everything after keys/.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com/keys/KEY_ID:disable

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by executing gcloud init or gcloud auth login, or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI. You can check the currently active account by executing gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
    -d "" \
    "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com/keys/KEY_ID:disable"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by executing gcloud init or gcloud auth login, or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI. You can check the currently active account by executing gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com/keys/KEY_ID:disable" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer (browser)

Open the method reference page. The API Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Complete any required fields and click Execute.

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

{
}

Enable a service account key

After you disable a service account key, you can enable the key at any time, then use the key to authenticate with Google APIs.

You cannot use the Google Cloud console to enable service account keys. Use the gcloud CLI or the REST API instead.

gcloud

Execute the gcloud iam service-accounts keys enable command to enable a service account key.

Replace the following values:

• KEY_ID: The ID of the key to enable. To find the key's ID, list all keys for the service account, identify the key that you want to enable, and then copy its ID.
• SA_NAME: The name of the service account that the key belongs to.
• PROJECT_ID: Your Google Cloud project ID.

gcloud iam service-accounts keys enable KEY_ID \
    --iam-account=SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com

Output:

Enabled key [KEY_ID] for service account
[SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com]

REST

The projects.serviceAccounts.keys.enable method enables a service account key.

Before using any of the request data, make the following replacements:

• PROJECT_ID: Your Google Cloud project ID. Project IDs are alphanumeric strings, like my-project.
• SA_NAME: The name of the service account whose key you want to enable.
• KEY_ID: The ID of the key that you want to enable. To find the key's ID, list all keys for the service account, identify the key that you want to enable, and then copy its ID from the end of the name field. The key's ID is everything after keys/.

HTTP method and URL:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com/keys/KEY_ID:enable

To send your request, expand one of these options:

curl (Linux, macOS, or Cloud Shell)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by executing gcloud init or gcloud auth login, or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI. You can check the currently active account by executing gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

curl -X POST \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
    -d "" \
    "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com/keys/KEY_ID:enable"

PowerShell (Windows)

Note: The following command assumes that you have logged in to the gcloud CLI with your user account by executing gcloud init or gcloud auth login, or by using Cloud Shell, which automatically logs you into the gcloud CLI. You can check the currently active account by executing gcloud auth list.

Execute the following command:

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com/keys/KEY_ID:enable" | Select-Object -Expand Content

API Explorer (browser)

Open the method reference page. The API Explorer panel opens on the right side of the page. You can interact with this tool to send requests. Complete any required fields and click Execute.

You should receive a JSON response similar to the following:

{
}

What's next

• Learn how to delete service account keys.
• Learn how to list and get service account keys.
• Learn how to use service account keys to authenticate as a service account.
• Understand the best practices for managing service account keys.

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