Cloud VPN または Cloud Interconnect を使用して Linux VM に接続する
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Linux
このドキュメントでは、Cloud VPN または Cloud Interconnect を使用して VM の VPC ネットワークに接続するオンプレミス ネットワークから、内部 IP アドレスを介して仮想マシン(VM)インスタンスに接続する方法について説明します。
VM に外部 IP アドレスがない場合は、内部 IP アドレスを使用して VM に接続すると便利です。VM に外部 IP アドレスがある場合は、外部 IP アドレスを使用して VM に接続します。オンプレミス ネットワークが VM の VPC ネットワークに接続されておらず、VM の内部 IP アドレスに接続する必要がある場合は、内部専用 VM の接続オプションに一覧表示されている他の方法をご覧ください。
サポートされているオペレーティング システム
これらの接続方法は、Compute Engine で利用可能なすべての公開 Linux イメージでサポートされています。Fedora CoreOS イメージの場合、これらの方法を使用する前に、SSH アクセスを設定する必要があります。
At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a
Cloud Shell
session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment
with the Google Cloud CLI
already installed and with values already set for
your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.
[[["わかりやすい","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["問題の解決に役立った","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["その他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["わかりにくい","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["情報またはサンプルコードが不正確","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["必要な情報 / サンプルがない","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻訳に関する問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["その他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最終更新日 2025-07-26 UTC。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis guide outlines methods for connecting to a Linux virtual machine (VM) using its internal IP address, specifically from an on-premises network linked via Cloud VPN or Cloud Interconnect.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eConnecting via internal IP is particularly useful when the VM lacks an external IP address, though alternative connection methods exist for internal-only VMs.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe document supports connections to all public Linux images available on Compute Engine, and details connection methods using gcloud, IAP Desktop, OpenSSH clients, and PuTTY.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe guide provides instructions on how to initiate SSH connections using various methods, including command-line tools and graphical interfaces.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eTroubleshooting resources are available to help resolve any issues that may occur when connecting via SSH to a VM.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Connect to Linux VMs using Cloud VPN or Cloud Interconnect\n\nLinux\n\n*** ** * ** ***\n\nThis document describes how to connect to a virtual machine (VM) instance\nthrough its internal IP address, from an on-premises network that uses\n[Cloud VPN](/network-connectivity/docs/vpn/concepts/overview) or\n[Cloud Interconnect](/network-connectivity/docs/interconnect/concepts/overview)\nto connect to the VM's VPC network.\n\nConnecting to a VM using its internal IP address is useful if the VM doesn't\nhave an external IP address. If the VM does have an external IP address,\n[connect to the VM using its external IP address](/compute/docs/instances/connecting-to-instance).\nIf your on-premises network isn't connected to your VM's VPC\nnetwork and you need to connect to your VM's internal IP address, review the\nother methods listed in\n[Connection options for internal-only VMs](/compute/docs/connect/ssh-internal-ip).\n\nSupported operating systems\n---------------------------\n\nThese connection methods are supported for all\n[public Linux images](/compute/docs/images/os-details) that are available on\nCompute Engine. For Fedora CoreOS images, you must\n[set up SSH access](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-coreos/tutorial-containers/)\nbefore you can use these methods.\n\nConnect to VMs\n--------------\n\nTo connect to a VM, complete the steps in one of the following tabs. \n\n### gcloud\n\nConnect to a VM using SSH by running the\n[`gcloud compute ssh` command](/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/ssh) with the\n[`--internal-ip` flag](/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/ssh#--internal-ip):\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.\n\n [Activate Cloud Shell](https://console.cloud.google.com/?cloudshell=true)\n\n\n At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a\n [Cloud Shell](/shell/docs/how-cloud-shell-works)\n session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment\n with the Google Cloud CLI\n already installed and with values already set for\n your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.\n2. Connect to the VM by running the following command:\n\n ```\n gcloud compute ssh VM-NAME \\\n --internal-ip\n ```\n3. Replace \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e with the name of the VM that you want to connect to.\n\n| **Note:** When you connect to VMs using the gcloud CLI, Compute Engine creates a persistent SSH key for you. For more information about SSH keys, see [SSH connections to Linux VMs](/compute/docs/instances/ssh).\n\n### IAP Desktop\n\nTo connect to a VM using IAP Desktop, do the following:\n\n1.\n [Install IAP Desktop](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/iap-desktop/)\n on your workstation if you haven't already.\n\n2.\n Open IAP Desktop. The **Add projects** window opens.\n\n3.\n\n When prompted, sign in using the Google account that has access to the project with the VMs\n you want to connect to.\n\n4.\n In the **Add projects** window, enter the project ID or name of the\n project that contains the VMs you want to connect to.\n\n5.\n In the **Project Explorer** window, right-click the name of the VM that\n you want to connect to and select **Connection settings**.\n\n6.\n In the **Connection settings** window, set **Connect via**\n to **Vpc**.\n\n7.\n In the **Project Explorer** window, right-click the name of the VM\n again and select **Connect** to connect to the VM.\n\n### OpenSSH clients\n\nConnect through a VM's internal IP address from an OpenSSH client, by doing the following:\n\n1. [Add an SSH key to the VM](/compute/docs/connect/add-ssh-keys) if you haven't already.\n2. In the Google Cloud console, go to the **VM Instances** page and find the\n\n internal IP address\n\n of the\n\n VM that you want to connect to.\n\n [Go to VM Instances](https://console.cloud.google.com/compute/instances)\n3. Open a terminal on your workstation.\n4. Connect to the\n\n VM by running the following command:\n\n ```\n ssh -i PATH_TO_PRIVATE_KEY USERNAME@INTERNAL_IP\n ```\n\n Replace the following:\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003ePATH_TO_PRIVATE_KEY\u003c/var\u003e: the path to the private SSH key file that corresponds to the public key you added to the VM.\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eUSERNAME\u003c/var\u003e: your username. If you manage your SSH keys in metadata, the username is what you specified when you [created the SSH key](/compute/docs/connect/create-ssh-keys). For OS Login accounts, the username is [defined in your Google profile](/compute/docs/connect/add-ssh-keys#os-login). For example, `cloudysanfrancisco_example_com` or `cloudysanfrancisco`.\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eINTERNAL_IP\u003c/var\u003e: the internal IP address of the VM.\n\n### PuTTY app\n\nConnect through a VM's internal IP address using PuTTY, by doing the following:\n\n1. [Add an SSH key](/compute/docs/connect/add-ssh-keys) to the VM if you haven't already.\n2. If your workstation doesn't already have the PuTTY app installed, [download the PuTTY package files](http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html).\n3. In the Google Cloud console, go to the **VM Instances** page and find the\n\n internal IP address\n\n of the VM that you want to connect to.\n\n [Go to VM Instances](https://console.cloud.google.com/compute/instances)\n4. Open the PuTTY app. A connection configuration window opens.\n5. In the `Host Name` field, enter the username associated with the SSH key, and\n the\n\n internal IP address\n\n of the VM that you want to connect to. Use the following format:\n\n ```\n USERNAME@INTERNAL_IP\n ```\n\n Replace the following:\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eUSERNAME\u003c/var\u003e: your username. If you manage your SSH keys in metadata, the username is what you specified when you [created the SSH key](/compute/docs/connect/create-ssh-keys). For OS Login accounts, the username is [defined in your Google profile](/compute/docs/connect/add-ssh-keys#os-login). For example, `cloudysanfrancisco_example_com` or `cloudysanfrancisco`.\n - \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eINTERNAL_IP\u003c/var\u003e: the internal IP address of the VM.\n6. In the **Category** menu, navigate to **Connection \\\u003e\n SSH \\\u003e Auth**.\n7. In the **Private key file for authentication** field, select the private SSH key file that corresponds to the public key you added to the VM.\n8. Click **Open** to connect to the VM.\n\nTroubleshooting\n---------------\n\nTo find methods for diagnosing and resolving failed SSH connections, see\n[Troubleshooting SSH](/compute/docs/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-ssh).\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Learn how to [manage access to VMs](/compute/docs/instances/access-overview).\n- Learn how to [transfer files to VMs](/compute/docs/instances/transfer-files).\n- Learn how [SSH connections to Linux VMs](/compute/docs/instances/ssh) work on Compute Engine."]]