本页面介绍了如何使用预留建议来识别和删除空闲的按需预留,从而避免对未使用的资源付费。
- 如需详细了解 Compute Engine 如何生成预留建议,请参阅空闲和未充分利用的预留检测的工作原理。
- 如需详细了解如何配置预留 Recommender 以接收更多或更少的建议,请参阅配置空闲预留建议或配置未充分利用的预留建议。
准备工作
- 查看限制,以检查预留是否支持空闲预留建议。
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如果您尚未设置身份验证,请进行设置。身份验证是通过其进行身份验证以访问 Google Cloud 服务和 API 的过程。如需从本地开发环境运行代码或示例,您可以选择以下任一选项向 Compute Engine 进行身份验证:
Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:
Console
When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.
gcloud
-
Install the Google Cloud CLI, then initialize it by running the following command:
gcloud init
- Set a default region and zone.
- 将
ZONE
替换为包含要列出建议的预留的可用区。 - 将
PROJECT_ID
替换为项目的 ID。 operationGroups
:您可以执行以应用建议的若干组操作description
:建议说明- google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender
- 详细了解 Compute Engine 预留的运作方式。
- 了解如何配置空闲预留建议。
- 了解如何配置未充分利用的预留建议。
REST
如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 REST API 示例,请使用您提供给 gcloud CLI 的凭据。
Install the Google Cloud CLI, then initialize it by running the following command:
gcloud init
如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的使用 REST 时进行身份验证。
查看空闲预留建议
如需查看有关空闲预留的建议,请使用以下选项之一。
请使用以下方法之一完成此任务。
控制台
在 Google Cloud 控制台中,前往 FinOps Hub。
gcloud
如需查看有关空闲预留的建议,请将
gcloud recommender recommendations list
命令与--recommender=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender
标志搭配使用:gcloud recommender recommendations list \ --location=ZONE \ --recommender=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender \ --format=yaml \ --project=PROJECT_ID
替换以下内容:
例如:
gcloud recommender recommendations list \ --location=us-central1-c \ --recommender=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender \ --format=yaml \ --project=my-project
如果该位置没有空闲预留,则响应为空。否则,响应会为每个建议添加以下字段:
--- associatedInsights: - insight: projects/953727763714/locations/us-central1-f/insightTypes/google.compute.IdleResourceInsight/insights/ecf77776-4a2a-4e6e-aad2-b7f9c632e5f9 content: operationGroups: - operations: - action: remove path: / resource: //compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation resourceType: compute.googleapis.com/Reservation overview: currentReservation: machineType: n1-standard-1 reservationName: test-reservation reservedMachineCount: '1' zone: us-central1-f description: Save cost by deleting the idle reservation test-reservation etag: '"aff724ab8e40e1ef"' lastRefreshTime: '2024-06-10T07:00:00Z' name: projects/953727763714/locations/us-central1-f/recommenders/google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender/recommendations/56f8ac5d-8380-4cb8-a76f-bbc270fb4b8e primaryImpact: category: COST costProjection: cost: currencyCode: USD nanos: -199820000 units: '-1072' costInLocalCurrency: currencyCode: USD nanos: -199820000 units: '-1072' duration: 2592000s priority: P2 recommenderSubtype: DELETE_RESERVATION stateInfo: state: ACTIVE targetResources: - //compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation
如需详细了解如何使用 Google Cloud CLI 处理建议,请参阅 gcloud 示例。
REST
如需查看有关空闲预留的建议,请向
recommendations.list
方法发出GET
请求,并使用以下建议类型:API 调用类似于以下内容:
GET https://recommender.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/ZONE/recommenders/google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender/recommendations
替换以下变量: -
PROJECT_ID
:项目的 ID。 -ZONE
:包含要为其列出建议的实例的可用区。以下示例演示了如何发送包含
curl
的请求以及关联的示例响应。PROJECT_ID=my-project ZONE=us-central1-c RECOMMENDER_ID=google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \ -H "x-goog-user-project: $PROJECT_ID" \ https://recommender.googleapis.com/v1/projects/$PROJECT_ID/locations/$ZONE/recommenders/$RECOMMENDER_ID/recommendations
空闲预留建议的 JSON 响应示例:
{ "associatedInsights": [ { "insight": "projects/9531234763714/locations/us-central1-f/insightTypes/google.compute.IdleResourceInsight/insights/ecf77776-4a2a-4e6e-aad2-b7f9c632e5f9" } ], "content": { "operationGroups": [ { "operations": [ { "action": "remove", "path": "/", "resource": "//compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation", "resourceType": "compute.googleapis.com/Reservation" } ] } ], "overview": { "currentReservation": { "machineType": "n1-standard-1", "reservationName": "test-reservation", "reservedMachineCount": "1", "zone": "us-central1-f" } } }, "description": "Save cost by deleting the idle reservation test-reservation", "etag": "\"8d5603cac8fa9342\"", "lastRefreshTime": "2024-06-11T07:00:00Z", "name": "projects/9531234763714/locations/us-central1-f/recommenders/google.compute.IdleResourceRecommender/recommendations/56f8ac5d-8380-4cb8-a76f-bbc270fb4b8e", "primaryImpact": { "category": "COST", "costProjection": { "cost": { "currencyCode": "USD", "nanos": -199820000, "units": "-1072" }, "costInLocalCurrency": { "currencyCode": "USD", "nanos": -199820000, "units": "-1072" }, "duration": "2592000s" } }, "priority": "P2", "recommenderSubtype": "DELETE_RESERVATION", "stateInfo": { "state": "ACTIVE" }, "targetResources": [ "//compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation" ] }
如需详细了解每个字段,请参阅 Recommender API 文档。
解读建议响应
您通过 gcloud CLI 或 REST 收到的每条建议都包含一个操作组,其中有一些可按顺序执行以应用该建议的操作。对于空闲预留,操作组包含用于删除预留的
remove
操作:{ "action": "remove", "path": "/", "resource": "//compute.googleapis.com/projects/committed-use-discount-test/zones/us-central1-f/reservations/test-reservation", "resourceType": "compute.googleapis.com/Reservation" }
应用空闲预留建议
后续步骤
如未另行说明,那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可,并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情,请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2024-12-22。
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