Crea una VM da un template di istanza

Questa pagina spiega come utilizzare un template di istanza per creare un'istanza VM. Un template di istanza è una risorsa API che definisce le proprietà delle istanze VM. In un template di istanza puoi definire proprietà come il tipo di macchina, l'immagine sistema operativo, le configurazioni dei dischi permanenti, i metadati, gli script di avvio e così via. Poi puoi utilizzare il template di istanza per creare singole istanze VM o gruppi di istanze gestite.

Quando crei un'istanza VM da un template di istanza, il comportamento predefinito prevede la creazione di un'istanza VM identica alle proprietà specificate nel template, ad eccezione del nome dell'istanza VM e della zona in cui questa verrà eseguita. In alternativa, se vuoi modificare determinate proprietà del template di istanza per utilizzi specifici, in via facoltativa puoi anche eseguire l'override di certi campi durante la creazione dell'istanza.

Questo documento presuppone che tu disponga di un template di istanza pronto per l'uso. Se non hai un template di istanza, segui le istruzioni per crearne uno nuovo.

Prima di iniziare

Crea un'istanza VM da un template di istanza

Puoi utilizzare un template di istanza regionale o globale per creare un'istanza VM. Per creare un'istanza esattamente come descritto nel template di istanza, segui queste istruzioni.

Console

  1. Nella console Google Cloud , vai alla pagina Crea un'istanza.

    Vai a Crea un'istanza

  2. Nel menu Crea VM da…, seleziona Template di istanza.

  3. Nella finestra Crea VM da template visualizzata, procedi nel seguente modo:

    1. Seleziona un template.

    2. Per creare e avviare la VM, fai clic su Crea.

gcloud

Per creare una VM da un template di istanza regionale o globale, utilizza lo stesso comando gcloud compute instances create che utilizzeresti per creare un'istanza normale, ma aggiungi il flag --source-instance-template:

gcloud compute instances create VM_NAME \
    --source-instance-template INSTANCE_TEMPLATE_NAME

Sostituisci quanto segue:

  • VM_NAME: il nome dell'istanza.
  • INSTANCE_TEMPLATE_NAME: il nome del template di istanza da utilizzare. Per un template di istanza a livello di regione, devi specificare l'URL completo o parziale del template. Un esempio di URL completo è https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/example-project/regions/us-central1/instanceTemplates/example-regional-instance-template, mentre un URL parziale è projects/example-project/regions/us-central1/instanceTemplates/example-regional-instance-template.

Ad esempio:

gcloud compute instances create example-instance \
    --source-instance-template my-instance-template

Go 

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
	computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)

// createInstanceFromTemplate creates a Compute Engine VM instance from an instance template.
func createInstanceFromTemplate(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName, instanceTemplateUrl string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// zone := "europe-central2-b"
	// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
	// instanceTemplateUrl := "global/instanceTemplates/your_instance_template"

	ctx := context.Background()
	instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer instancesClient.Close()

	req := &computepb.InsertInstanceRequest{
		Project: projectID,
		Zone:    zone,
		InstanceResource: &computepb.Instance{
			Name: proto.String(instanceName),
		},
		SourceInstanceTemplate: &instanceTemplateUrl,
	}

	op, err := instancesClient.Insert(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create instance: %w", err)
	}

	if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance created\n")

	return nil
}

Java 


import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstanceProperties;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstanceTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstanceTemplatesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class CreateInstanceFromTemplate {

  public static void main(String[] args)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
    /*  TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
        projectId - ID or number of the project you want to use.
        zone - Name of the zone you want to check, for example: us-west3-b
        instanceName - Name of the new instance.
        instanceTemplateURL - URL of the instance template using for creating the new instance.
        It can be a full or partial URL.
        Examples:
        - https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/project/global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template
        - projects/project/global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template
        - global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template
     */
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String zone = "zone-name";
    String instanceName = "instance-name";
    String instanceTemplateUrl = "instance-template-url";
    createInstanceFromTemplate(projectId, zone, instanceName, instanceTemplateUrl);
  }

  // Create a new instance from template in the specified project and zone.
  public static void createInstanceFromTemplate(String projectId, String zone, String instanceName,
      String instanceTemplateName)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

    try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create();
        InstanceTemplatesClient instanceTemplatesClient = InstanceTemplatesClient.create()) {

      InstanceTemplate instanceTemplate = instanceTemplatesClient.get(projectId,
          instanceTemplateName);

      // Adjust diskType field of the instance template to use the URL formatting 
      // required by instances.insert.diskType
      // For instance template, there is only a name, not URL.
      List<AttachedDisk> reformattedAttachedDisks = new ArrayList<>();
      for (AttachedDisk disk : instanceTemplate.getProperties().getDisksList()) {
        disk = AttachedDisk.newBuilder(disk)
            .setInitializeParams(AttachedDiskInitializeParams
                .newBuilder(disk.getInitializeParams())
                .setDiskType(
                    String.format(
                        "zones/%s/diskTypes/%s", zone, disk.getInitializeParams().getDiskType()))
                .build())
            .build();

        reformattedAttachedDisks.add(disk);
      }

      // Clear existing disks and set the reformatted disks in the instance template.
      instanceTemplate = InstanceTemplate
          .newBuilder(instanceTemplate)
          .setProperties(InstanceProperties
              .newBuilder(instanceTemplate.getProperties())
              .clearDisks()
              .addAllDisks(reformattedAttachedDisks)
              .build())
          .build();

      InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
          .setProject(projectId)
          .setZone(zone)
          .setInstanceResource(Instance.newBuilder().setName(instanceName).build())
          .setSourceInstanceTemplate(instanceTemplate.getSelfLink()).build();

      Operation response = instancesClient.insertAsync(insertInstanceRequest)
          .get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

      if (response.hasError()) {
        System.out.println("Instance creation from template failed ! ! " + response);
        return;
      }
      System.out
          .printf("Instance creation from template: Operation Status %s: %s ", instanceName,
              response.getStatus());
    }
  }
}

Node.js 

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME'
// const instanceTemplateUrl = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_TEMPLATE_URL'

const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');

// Create a new instance from template in the specified project and zone.
async function createInstanceFromTemplate() {
  const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();

  console.log(
    `Creating the ${instanceName} instance in ${zone} from template ${instanceTemplateUrl}...`
  );

  const [response] = await instancesClient.insert({
    project: projectId,
    zone,
    instanceResource: {
      name: instanceName,
    },
    sourceInstanceTemplate: instanceTemplateUrl,
  });
  let operation = response.latestResponse;
  const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();

  // Wait for the create operation to complete.
  while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
    [operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
      operation: operation.name,
      project: projectId,
      zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
    });
  }

  console.log('Instance created.');
}

createInstanceFromTemplate();

Python 

from __future__ import annotations

import sys
from typing import Any

from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1


def wait_for_extended_operation(
    operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
    """
    Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.

    If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
    If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
    If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
    they will be printed to sys.stderr.

    Args:
        operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
        verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
            used only during error and warning reporting.
        timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
            If None, wait indefinitely.

    Returns:
        Whatever the operation.result() returns.

    Raises:
        This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
        or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
        set for the `operation`.

        In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
        a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
    """
    result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)

    if operation.error_code:
        print(
            f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
            file=sys.stderr,
            flush=True,
        )
        print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)

    if operation.warnings:
        print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        for warning in operation.warnings:
            print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)

    return result


def create_instance_from_template(
    project_id: str, zone: str, instance_name: str, instance_template_url: str
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
    """
    Creates a Compute Engine VM instance from an instance template.

    Args:
        project_id: ID or number of the project you want to use.
        zone: Name of the zone you want to check, for example: us-west3-b
        instance_name: Name of the new instance.
        instance_template_url: URL of the instance template used for creating the new instance.
            It can be a full or partial URL.
            Examples:
            - https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/project/global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template
            - projects/project/global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template
            - global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template

    Returns:
        Instance object.
    """
    instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()

    instance_insert_request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
    instance_insert_request.project = project_id
    instance_insert_request.zone = zone
    instance_insert_request.source_instance_template = instance_template_url
    instance_insert_request.instance_resource.name = instance_name

    operation = instance_client.insert(instance_insert_request)
    wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")

    return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)

REST

Per creare una VM da un template di istanza regionale o globale, crea una richiesta normale di creare un'istanza, ma includi il parametro di query sourceInstanceTemplate seguito da un percorso completo un template di istanza.

POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/
PROJECT_ID/zones/ZONE/
instances?sourceInstanceTemplate=INSTANCE_TEMPLATE_NAME

Nel corpo della richiesta, fornisci un name per l'istanza VM:

{ "name": "example-instance" }

Ad esempio, il seguente snippet include un percorso completo al template: https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template.

POST https://compute.googleapis.com/
compute/v1/projects/myproject/zones/us-central1-a/instances?sourceInstanceTemplate=
https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/global/
instanceTemplates/example-instance-template

{ "name": "example-instance" }

Crea un'istanza VM da un template di istanza con override

Quando utilizzi un template di istanza per avviare un'istanza VM, il comportamento predefinito prevede la creazione di un'istanza VM esattamente come descritto nel template, ad eccezione del nome e della zona dell'istanza.

Se vuoi creare un'istanza principalmente in base a un template di istanza, ma con alcune modifiche, puoi utilizzare il comportamento di override. Per utilizzarlo, devi passare gli attributi di cui vuoi eseguire l'override per il template di istanza esistente durante la creazione dell'istanza.

Console

  1. Nella console Google Cloud , vai alla pagina Crea un'istanza.

    Vai a Crea un'istanza

  2. Nel menu Crea VM da…, seleziona Template di istanza.

  3. Nella finestra Crea VM da template visualizzata, seleziona un template e poi fai clic su Personalizza.

  4. (Facoltativo) Specifica altre opzioni di configurazione. Per ulteriori informazioni, consulta Opzioni di configurazione durante la creazione dell'istanza.

  5. Per creare e avviare l'istanza, fai clic su Crea.

gcloud

Invia una richiesta tramite gcloud CLI per creare un'istanza con il flag --source-instance-template ed esegui l'override delle proprietà che desideri con il flag gcloud appropriato. Per visualizzare un elenco dei flag applicabili, consulta la documentazione di riferimento gcloud.

Ad esempio, fornisci i seguenti flag per eseguire l'override del tipo di macchina, dei metadati, del sistema operativo, del disco di avvio Persistent Disk e di un disco secondario di un template di istanza:

gcloud compute instances create example-instance \
    --source-instance-template example-instance --machine-type e2-standard-2 \
    --image-family debian-9 --image-project debian-cloud \
    --metadata bread=butter --disk=boot=no,name=my-override-disk

Go 

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
	computepb "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1/computepb"

	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)

// createInstanceFromTemplate creates a Compute Engine VM instance from an instance template, but overrides the disk and machine type options in the template.
func createInstanceFromTemplateWithOverrides(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName, instanceTemplateName, machineType, newDiskSourceImage string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// zone := "europe-central2-b"
	// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
	// instanceTemplateName := "your_instance_template_name"
	// machineType := "n1-standard-2"
	// newDiskSourceImage := "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-12"

	ctx := context.Background()
	instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer instancesClient.Close()

	intanceTemplatesClient, err := compute.NewInstanceTemplatesRESTClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewInstanceTemplatesRESTClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer intanceTemplatesClient.Close()

	// Retrieve an instance template by name.
	reqGetTemplate := &computepb.GetInstanceTemplateRequest{
		Project:          projectID,
		InstanceTemplate: instanceTemplateName,
	}

	instanceTemplate, err := intanceTemplatesClient.Get(ctx, reqGetTemplate)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to get intance template: %w", err)
	}

	for _, disk := range instanceTemplate.Properties.Disks {
		diskType := disk.InitializeParams.GetDiskType()
		if diskType != "" {
			disk.InitializeParams.DiskType = proto.String(fmt.Sprintf(`zones/%s/diskTypes/%s`, zone, diskType))
		}
	}

	reqInsertInstance := &computepb.InsertInstanceRequest{
		Project: projectID,
		Zone:    zone,
		InstanceResource: &computepb.Instance{
			Name:        proto.String(instanceName),
			MachineType: proto.String(fmt.Sprintf(`zones/%s/machineTypes/%s`, zone, machineType)),
			Disks: append(
				// If you override a repeated field, all repeated values
				// for that property are replaced with the
				// corresponding values provided in the request.
				// When adding a new disk to existing disks,
				// insert all existing disks as well.
				instanceTemplate.Properties.Disks,
				&computepb.AttachedDisk{
					InitializeParams: &computepb.AttachedDiskInitializeParams{
						DiskSizeGb:  proto.Int64(10),
						SourceImage: &newDiskSourceImage,
					},
					AutoDelete: proto.Bool(true),
					Boot:       proto.Bool(false),
					Type:       proto.String(computepb.AttachedDisk_PERSISTENT.String()),
				},
			),
		},
		SourceInstanceTemplate: instanceTemplate.SelfLink,
	}

	op, err := instancesClient.Insert(ctx, reqInsertInstance)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create instance: %w", err)
	}

	if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance created\n")

	return nil
}

Java 


import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstanceTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstanceTemplatesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class CreateInstanceFromTemplateWithOverrides {

  public static void main(String[] args)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
    /* TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
     * projectId - ID or number of the project you want to use.
     * zone - Name of the zone you want to check, for example: us-west3-b
     * instanceName - Name of the new instance.
     * instanceTemplateName - Name of the instance template to use when creating the new instance.
     * machineType - Machine type you want to set in following format:
     *    "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}". For example:
     *    "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
     *    You can find the list of available machine types using:
     *    https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/machine-types/list
     * newDiskSourceImage - Path the the disk image you want to use for your new
     *    disk. This can be one of the public images
     *    (like "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11")
     *    or a private image you have access to.
     *    You can check the list of available public images using the doc:
     *    http://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images
     */
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String zone = "zone-name";
    String instanceName = "instance-name";
    String instanceTemplateName = "instance-template-name";

    createInstanceFromTemplateWithOverrides(projectId, zone, instanceName, instanceTemplateName);
  }

  // Creates a Compute Engine VM instance from an instance template,
  // but overrides the disk and machine type options in the template.
  public static void createInstanceFromTemplateWithOverrides(String projectId, String zone,
      String instanceName, String instanceTemplateName)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

    try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create();
        InstanceTemplatesClient instanceTemplatesClient = InstanceTemplatesClient.create()) {

      String machineType = "n1-standard-1";
      String newDiskSourceImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11";

      // Retrieve an instance template.
      InstanceTemplate instanceTemplate = instanceTemplatesClient
          .get(projectId, instanceTemplateName);

      // Adjust diskType field of the instance template to use the URL formatting 
      // required by instances.insert.diskType
      // For instance template, there is only a name, not URL.
      List<AttachedDisk> reformattedAttachedDisks = new ArrayList<>();
      for (AttachedDisk disk : instanceTemplate.getProperties().getDisksList()) {
        disk = AttachedDisk.newBuilder(disk)
            .setInitializeParams(AttachedDiskInitializeParams
                .newBuilder(disk.getInitializeParams())
                .setDiskType(
                    String.format(
                        "zones/%s/diskTypes/%s", zone, disk.getInitializeParams().getDiskType()))
                .build())
            .build();

        reformattedAttachedDisks.add(disk);
      }

      AttachedDisk newdisk = AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
          .setInitializeParams(AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
              .setDiskSizeGb(10)
              .setSourceImage(newDiskSourceImage).build())
          .setAutoDelete(true)
          .setBoot(false)
          .setType(AttachedDisk.Type.PERSISTENT.toString()).build();

      Instance instance = Instance.newBuilder()
          .setName(instanceName)
          .setMachineType(String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType))
          // If you override a repeated field, all repeated values
          // for that property are replaced with the
          // corresponding values provided in the request.
          // When adding a new disk to existing disks,
          // insert all existing disks as well.
          .addAllDisks(reformattedAttachedDisks)
          .addDisks(newdisk)
          .build();

      InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
          .setProject(projectId)
          .setZone(zone)
          .setInstanceResource(instance)
          .setSourceInstanceTemplate(instanceTemplate.getSelfLink()).build();

      Operation response = instancesClient.insertAsync(insertInstanceRequest)
          .get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

      if (response.hasError()) {
        System.out.println("Instance creation from template with overrides failed ! ! " + response);
        return;
      }
      System.out
          .printf("Instance creation from template with overrides: Operation Status %s: %s ",
              instanceName, response.getStatus());
    }

  }
}

Node.js 

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b';
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME';
// const instanceTemplateName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_TEMPLATE_NAME';
// const machineType = 'n1-standard-1';
// const newDiskSourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11';

const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');

// Creates a new instance in the specified project and zone using a selected template,
// but overrides the disk and machine type options in the template.
async function createInstanceFromTemplateWithOverrides() {
  const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
  const instanceTemplatesClient = new compute.InstanceTemplatesClient();

  console.log(
    `Creating the ${instanceName} instance in ${zone} from template ${instanceTemplateName}...`
  );

  // Retrieve an instance template by name.
  const [instanceTemplate] = await instanceTemplatesClient.get({
    project: projectId,
    instanceTemplate: instanceTemplateName,
  });

  // Adjust diskType field of the instance template to use the URL formatting required by instances.insert.diskType
  // For instance template, there is only a name, not URL.
  for (const disk of instanceTemplate.properties.disks) {
    if (disk.initializeParams.diskType) {
      disk.initializeParams.diskType = `zones/${zone}/diskTypes/${disk.initializeParams.diskType}`;
    }
  }

  const [response] = await instancesClient.insert({
    project: projectId,
    zone,
    instanceResource: {
      name: instanceName,
      machineType: `zones/${zone}/machineTypes/${machineType}`,
      disks: [
        // If you override a repeated field, all repeated values
        // for that property are replaced with the
        // corresponding values provided in the request.
        // When adding a new disk to existing disks,
        // insert all existing disks as well.
        ...instanceTemplate.properties.disks,
        {
          initializeParams: {
            diskSizeGb: '10',
            sourceImage: newDiskSourceImage,
          },
          autoDelete: true,
          boot: false,
          type: 'PERSISTENT',
        },
      ],
    },
    sourceInstanceTemplate: instanceTemplate.selfLink,
  });
  let operation = response.latestResponse;
  const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();

  // Wait for the create operation to complete.
  while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
    [operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
      operation: operation.name,
      project: projectId,
      zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
    });
  }

  console.log('Instance created.');
}

createInstanceFromTemplateWithOverrides();

Python 

from __future__ import annotations

import sys
from typing import Any

from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1


def wait_for_extended_operation(
    operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
    """
    Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.

    If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
    If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
    If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
    they will be printed to sys.stderr.

    Args:
        operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
        verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
            used only during error and warning reporting.
        timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
            If None, wait indefinitely.

    Returns:
        Whatever the operation.result() returns.

    Raises:
        This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
        or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
        set for the `operation`.

        In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
        a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
    """
    result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)

    if operation.error_code:
        print(
            f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
            file=sys.stderr,
            flush=True,
        )
        print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)

    if operation.warnings:
        print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
        for warning in operation.warnings:
            print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)

    return result


def create_instance_from_template_with_overrides(
    project_id: str,
    zone: str,
    instance_name: str,
    instance_template_name: str,
    machine_type: str,
    new_disk_source_image: str,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
    """
    Creates a Compute Engine VM instance from an instance template, changing the machine type and
    adding a new disk created from a source image.

    Args:
        project_id: ID or number of the project you want to use.
        zone: Name of the zone you want to check, for example: us-west3-b
        instance_name: Name of the new instance.
        instance_template_name: Name of the instance template used for creating the new instance.
        machine_type: Machine type you want to set in following format:
            "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}". For example:
            - "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
            - You can find the list of available machine types using:
              https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/machine-types/list
        new_disk_source_image: Path the the disk image you want to use for your new
            disk. This can be one of the public images
            (like "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-12")
            or a private image you have access to.
            For a list of available public images, see the documentation:
            http://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images

    Returns:
        Instance object.
    """
    instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
    instance_template_client = compute_v1.InstanceTemplatesClient()

    # Retrieve an instance template by name.
    instance_template = instance_template_client.get(
        project=project_id, instance_template=instance_template_name
    )

    # Adjust diskType field of the instance template to use the URL formatting required by instances.insert.diskType
    # For instance template, there is only a name, not URL.
    for disk in instance_template.properties.disks:
        if disk.initialize_params.disk_type:
            disk.initialize_params.disk_type = (
                f"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/{disk.initialize_params.disk_type}"
            )

    instance = compute_v1.Instance()
    instance.name = instance_name
    instance.machine_type = machine_type
    instance.disks = list(instance_template.properties.disks)

    new_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
    new_disk.initialize_params.disk_size_gb = 50
    new_disk.initialize_params.source_image = new_disk_source_image
    new_disk.auto_delete = True
    new_disk.boot = False
    new_disk.type_ = "PERSISTENT"

    instance.disks.append(new_disk)

    instance_insert_request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
    instance_insert_request.project = project_id
    instance_insert_request.zone = zone
    instance_insert_request.instance_resource = instance
    instance_insert_request.source_instance_template = instance_template.self_link

    operation = instance_client.insert(instance_insert_request)
    wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")

    return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)

REST

Nell'API utilizza il parametro di query sourceInstanceTemplate e fornisci tutti i campi di cui desideri eseguire l'override nel corpo della richiesta quando crei una richiesta normale di creare un'istanza.

Il comportamento di override nell'API segue le regole di patch di unione JSON, descritte da RFC 7396.

In particolare:

  • Se esegui l'override di un campo di base, il campo di base corrispondente nel template di istanza verrà sostituito con il valore del campo di base nella richiesta. I campi di base includono machineType, sourceImage, name e così via.
  • Se esegui l'override di un campo ripetuto, tutti i valori ripetuti per quella proprietà verranno sostituiti con i valori corrispondenti forniti nella richiesta. I campi ripetuti sono in genere proprietà di tipo list. Ad esempio, disks e networkInterfaces sono campi ripetuti.
  • Se esegui l'override di un nested object, l'oggetto nel template di istanza verrà unito alla specifica dell'oggetto corrispondente nella richiesta. Tieni presente che se un oggetto nidificato si trova all'interno di un campo ripetuto, a quest'ultimo si applicano le regole per i campi ripetuti. Le etichette sono un'eccezione a questa regola e vengono trattate come un campo ripetuto anche se è di tipo object.

Ad esempio, supponiamo che tu abbia un template di istanza con due dischi non di avvio, ma che tu voglia eseguire l'override di uno dei dischi. Nella richiesta devi fornire l'intera specifica disks, inclusi i dischi che vuoi conservare.

L'URL della richiesta:

POST https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/zones/us-central1-a/instances?
sourceInstanceTemplate=https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/global/instanceTemplates/example-instance-template

Il corpo della richiesta:

    {
      "disks": [
        {
          # Since you are overriding the repeated disk property, you must
          # specify a boot disk in the request, even if it is already
          # specified in the instance template
          "autoDelete": true,
          "boot": true,
          "initializeParams": {
            "sourceImage": "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-8"
          },
          "mode": "READ_WRITE",
          "type": "PERSISTENT"
        },
        {
          # New disk you want to use
          "autoDelete": false,
          "boot": false,
          "mode": "READ_WRITE",
          "source": "zones/us-central1-f/disks/my-override-disk",
          "type": "PERSISTENT"
        },
        {
           # Assume this disk is already specified in instance template, but
           # you must specify it again since you are overriding the disks
           # property
          "autoDelete": false,
          "boot": false,
          "mode": "READ_WRITE",

          "source": "zones/us-central1-f/disks/my-other-disk-to-keep",
          "type": "PERSISTENT"
        }
      ],
      "machineType": "zones/us-central1-f/machineTypes/e2-standard-2",
      "name": "example-instance"
    }

Passaggi successivi