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Linux
Windows
Questa pagina descrive come acquisire uno screenshot da un'istanza di una macchina virtuale (VM) utilizzando lo strumento di screenshot della VM.
Acquisire uno screenshot da una VM può aiutarti a risolvere i problemi di una VM altrimenti non accessibile. Ad esempio, una VM potrebbe non essere accessibile se è in fase di avvio o se l'immagine disco è danneggiata.
Sistemi operativi basati su Windows
Gli screenshot della VM possono essere utili per risolvere i problemi di connettività RDP non riuscita alle VM Windows, identificando se l'istanza è stata avviata correttamente. Per informazioni sulla risoluzione dei problemi relativi alla connettività RDP, consulta Risoluzione dei problemi RDP.
Considerazioni sulla privacy con i client Remote Desktop
Lo strumento di screenshot della VM utilizza l'adattatore display della VM per acquisire uno screenshot della sessione della console locale tramite un client remote desktop.
L'acquisizione di uno screenshot tramite la sessione della console locale potrebbe acquisire informazioni sensibili dal computer o dal browser dell'utente.
Se temi di esporre informazioni sensibili all'interno di uno screenshot, configura il rispettivo client remote desktop come segue, in modo che non utilizzi la sessione della console locale:
Chrome Remote Desktop: se utilizzi Chrome Remote Desktop, assicurati di attivare la modalità Curtain in modo che non si connetta alla sessione della console locale.
Microsoft RDP: i client RDP si connettono utilizzando Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS). Windows RDS consente ai client RDP di scegliere se avviare una nuova sessione della console o connettersi a una sessione già esistente. Per questo motivo potrebbero esserci implicazioni per la privacy. Per informazioni su come personalizzare RDS in modo che non si connetta alla sessione della console locale, consulta Impostazioni del file RDP di Remote Desktop supportate.
Prima di condividere gli screenshot con l'Assistenza Google, assicurati di controllarli per verificare che non contengano informazioni sensibili.
Se non l'hai ancora fatto, configura l'autenticazione.
L'autenticazione è
il processo mediante il quale la tua identità viene verificata per l'accesso a servizi e API di Google Cloud .
Per eseguire codice o esempi da un ambiente di sviluppo locale, puoi autenticarti su
Compute Engine selezionando una delle seguenti opzioni:
Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:
Console
When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and
APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.
gcloud
Install the Google Cloud CLI.
After installation,
initialize the Google Cloud CLI by running the following command:
VM_NAME: il nome della VM da cui acquisire uno screenshot.
JPEG_FILENAME: nome file JPEG facoltativo per l'output dello screenshot. Se non specifichi un nome file, i dati JPEG non elaborati vengono inviati all'output standard (stdout).
ZONE: la zona della VM da cui acquisire uno screenshot.
[[["Facile da capire","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Il problema è stato risolto","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Altra","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Difficile da capire","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Informazioni o codice di esempio errati","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Mancano le informazioni o gli esempi di cui ho bisogno","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema di traduzione","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Altra","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Ultimo aggiornamento 2025-09-04 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page provides instructions on how to use the VM screenshot tool to capture screenshots from virtual machine (VM) instances, which can be helpful for troubleshooting inaccessible VMs or failed RDP connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe VM screenshot tool captures the local console session through a remote desktop client, potentially exposing sensitive information, so users should configure their remote desktop client (like Chrome Remote Desktop or Microsoft RDP) to avoid using the local console session.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eTo take a screenshot, the VM must be in the \u003ccode\u003eRUNNING\u003c/code\u003e state, the maximum capture rate is 20 screenshots per second, and only one screenshot can be captured at a time, with the process requiring specific permissions.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUsers can capture a screenshot through the Google Cloud console, using the \u003ccode\u003egcloud compute instances get-screenshot\u003c/code\u003e command, or by making a \u003ccode\u003einstances.getScreenshot\u003c/code\u003e request through the Compute Engine API.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBefore sharing screenshots, users are encouraged to check them for sensitive data, and are also provided with links to more information regarding diagnostics and troubleshooting.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Capturing VM screenshots\n\nLinux Windows\n\n*** ** * ** ***\n\nThis page describes how to capture a screenshot from a virtual machine (VM)\ninstance by using the VM screenshot tool.\n\nCapturing a screenshot from a VM can help you troubleshoot a VM that is not\notherwise accessible. For example, a VM might not be accessible if it is booting\nor has a disk image that is corrupted.\n\nWindows-based operating systems\n-------------------------------\n\nVM screenshots can help to troubleshoot failed RDP connections to Windows VMs,\nby identifying if the instance has started successfully. For information about\ntroubleshooting RDP connections, see [Troubleshooting\nRDP](/compute/docs/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-rdp#vm-screenshot).\n\nPrivacy considerations with remote desktop clients\n--------------------------------------------------\n\nThe VM screenshot tool uses the display adapter of the VM to capture a\nscreenshot of the local console session through a remote desktop client.\nCapturing a screenshot through the local console session might capture sensitive\ninformation from the user's desktop or browser.\n\nIf you are concerned about exposing sensitive information as part of a\nscreenshot, configure your respective remote desktop client in the following way\nso that it does not use the local console session:\n\n- [Chrome Remote Desktop](https://remotedesktop.google.com/): If you are using\n Chrome Remote Desktop, be sure to enable [Curtain\n mode](https://support.google.com/chrome/a/answer/2799701) so that it does\n not connect to the local console session.\n\n- [Microsoft RDP](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/remote/remote-desktop-services/clients/remote-desktop-clients):\n RDP clients connect by using [Windows Remote Desktop Services\n (RDS)](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/remote/remote-desktop-services/welcome-to-rds). Windows RDS lets RDP clients choose whether to start a new\n console session or connect to the existing one, and because of this, there might\n be privacy implications. For information about customizing RDS so that it does\n not connect to the local console session, see [Supported Remote Desktop RDP file\n settings](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/remote/remote-desktop-services/clients/rdp-files).\n\nBefore sharing screenshots with [Google\nSupport](https://cloud.google.com/support-hub), make sure to review them for\nsensitive information.\n\nBefore you begin\n----------------\n\n- [Enable virtual displays on your VM](/compute/docs/instances/enable-instance-virtual-display).\n- If you haven't already, set up [authentication](/compute/docs/authentication). Authentication verifies your identity for access to Google Cloud services and APIs. To run code or samples from a local development environment, you can authenticate to Compute Engine by selecting one of the following options:\n\n Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page: \n\n ### Console\n\n\n When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and\n APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.\n\n ### gcloud\n\n 1.\n [Install](/sdk/docs/install) the Google Cloud CLI.\n\n After installation,\n [initialize](/sdk/docs/initializing) the Google Cloud CLI by running the following command:\n\n ```bash\n gcloud init\n ```\n\n\n If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first\n [sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity](/iam/docs/workforce-log-in-gcloud).\n | **Note:** If you installed the gcloud CLI previously, make sure you have the latest version by running `gcloud components update`.\n 2. [Set a default region and zone](/compute/docs/gcloud-compute#set_default_zone_and_region_in_your_local_client).\n\n ### REST\n\n\n To use the REST API samples on this page in a local development environment, you use the\n credentials you provide to the gcloud CLI.\n 1. [Install](/sdk/docs/install) the Google Cloud CLI. After installation, [initialize](/sdk/docs/initializing) the Google Cloud CLI by running the following command: \n\n ```bash\n gcloud init\n ```\n 2. If you're using an external identity provider (IdP), you must first [sign in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity](/iam/docs/workforce-log-in-gcloud).\n\n\n For more information, see\n [Authenticate for using REST](/docs/authentication/rest)\n in the Google Cloud authentication documentation.\n\nLimitations\n-----------\n\n- The instance must be in the `RUNNING` [life cycle\n state](/compute/docs/instances/instance-life-cycle).\n\n- The maximum rate for capturing screenshots is 20 per second, which is the [API\n rate limit](/compute/docs/api-rate-limits).\n\n- You can't initiate a screenshot while one is in progress.\n\n- You can capture one screenshot at a time.\n\nCapturing a screenshot from a VM\n--------------------------------\n\nUse the following procedures to capture a screenshot from a VM.\n\n#### Permissions required for this task\n\nTo perform this task, you must have the following\n[permissions](/iam/docs/overview#permissions):\n\n\n- `compute.instances.getScreenshot` \n\n### Console\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the **VM instances** page.\n\n [Go to VM instances](https://console.cloud.google.com/compute/instances)\n2. From the **VM instances** page, click the name of the VM instance to\n capture a screenshot from.\n\n3. On the **VM instance details** page, click the **Screenshot** tab.\n\n4. Click **Refresh** to generate a screenshot from the VM. If you have not\n [enabled a virtual\n display](/compute/docs/instances/enable-instance-virtual-display), the\n Google Cloud console does not show a screenshot.\n\n### gcloud\n\nCapture a screenshot from a VM by using the [`gcloud compute\ninstances get-screenshot` command](/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/instances): \n\n```\ngcloud compute instances get-screenshot VM_NAME \\\n --destination=JPEG_FILENAME \\\n --zone=ZONE\n```\n\nReplace the following:\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e: name of the VM to capture a screenshot\n from.\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eJPEG_FILENAME\u003c/var\u003e: optional filename of the jpeg for\n the screenshot output. If you do not specify a filename, the raw jpeg data\n is sent to standard output (stdout).\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eZONE\u003c/var\u003e: zone of the VM to capture a screenshot from.\n\n### REST\n\nWith the Compute Engine API, capture a screenshot from a VM by using the\n[`instances.getScreenshot`\nrequest](/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/instances/getScreenshot): \n\n```\nGET https://compute.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/PROJECT/zo\nnes/ZONE/instances/VM_NAME/screenshot\n```\n\nReplace the following:\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003ePROJECT\u003c/var\u003e: ID of the project containing the VM to\n capture a screenshot from.\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eZONE\u003c/var\u003e: zone containing the project.\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eVM_NAME\u003c/var\u003e: name of the VM to capture a screenshot\n from.\n\nExample VM screenshots\n----------------------\n\n### The Compute Engine UEFI loading the boot manager\n\nThe following screenshot shows a [Windows\nServer](/compute/docs/images/os-details#windows_server) VM that is unavailable\nwhile the boot manager is loading:\n\n### Windows Server 2016 Datacenter performing updates\n\nThe following screenshot shows a [Windows Server\n2016](/compute/docs/images/os-details#windows_server) VM that is unavailable\nwhile completing updates:\n\n### Windows Server 2016 loading system services\n\nThe following screenshot shows a [Windows Server\n2016](/compute/docs/images/os-details#windows_server) VM that is unavailable\nwhile loading system services:\n\n### Login screen for Windows Server 2016 Datacenter\n\nThe following screenshot shows a [Windows Server\n2016](/compute/docs/images/os-details#windows_server) VM that has completed\nstartup and is ready to login:\n\n### Sysprep process of Windows Server 2019 Core\n\nThe following screenshot shows the [sysprep\nprocess](/compute/docs/instances/windows/creating-windows-os-image#create_server_image)\nof a [Windows Server 2019\nCore](/compute/docs/images/os-details#windows_server) VM instance:\n\n### Blue screen error from Windows Server 2016 Datacenter\n\nThe following screenshot shows a blue screen error from a [Windows Server\n2016 Datacenter](/compute/docs/images) VM instance:\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Learn how to [collect diagnostic information from a\n VM](/compute/docs/instances/collecting-diagnostic-information).\n\n- Learn how to [troubleshoot Windows\n instances](/compute/docs/troubleshooting/troubleshooting-windows)."]]