BigQuery를 사용하면 Cloud Storage 또는 Spanner와 같은 Google Cloud 서비스나 Amazon Web Services (AWS) 또는 Microsoft Azure와 같은 서드 파티 소스에서 BigQuery 외부에 저장된 데이터를 쿼리하는 외부 연결을 만들 수 있습니다. 이러한 외부 연결에는 BigQuery Connection API가 사용됩니다.
예를 들어 고객 주문에 대한 세부정보를 Cloud SQL에 저장하고 매출 데이터를 BigQuery에 저장하고 두 테이블을 단일 쿼리로 조인한다고 가정해보세요. BigQuery Connection API를 사용하여 외부 데이터베이스에 대해 Cloud SQL 연결을 만들 수 있습니다. 연결을 사용하면 데이터베이스 사용자 인증 정보가 일반 텍스트로 전송되지 않습니다.
연결은 암호화되어 BigQuery 연결 서비스에 안전하게 저장됩니다. BigQuery 연결 Identity and Access Management(IAM) 역할을 부여하여 사용자에게 연결 액세스 권한을 제공할 수 있습니다.
연결 유형
BigQuery는 다음 외부 데이터 소스에 대해 다양한 연결 유형을 제공합니다.
Amazon Simple Storage Service(Amazon S3)
Apache Spark
Azure Blob Storage
Vertex AI 원격 모델, 원격 함수, BigLake와 같은Google Cloud 리소스
Spanner
Cloud SQL
PostgreSQL용 AlloyDB
SAP Datasphere
Amazon S3 연결
BigQuery Omni로 Amazon S3 연결을 만들려면 Amazon S3에 연결을 참고하세요.
Google Cloud 리소스 연결은 Vertex AI 원격 모델, 원격 함수, BigLake와 같은 다른 Google Cloud
리소스에 대한 액세스를 승인하는 연결입니다. Google Cloud 리소스 연결을 설정하는 방법에 대한 자세한 내용은 Cloud 리소스 연결 만들기 및 설정을 참고하세요.
기존 Google Cloud 리소스 연결이 있으면 이를 사용하여 다음 BigQuery 객체를 만들 수 있습니다.
원격 함수. BigQuery 원격 함수를 사용하면 Cloud Run Functions 또는 Cloud Run에서 지원되는 언어로 함수를 구현할 수 있습니다. 원격 함수 연결을 사용하면 Cloud Run Functions 또는 Cloud Run과 연결하고 이러한 함수를 실행할 수 있습니다.
BigQuery 원격 함수 연결을 만들려면 연결 만들기를 참조하세요.
BigLake 테이블. BigLake 연결은 Cloud Storage의 구조화된 데이터와 구조화되지 않은 데이터 모두에 대해 세분화된 BigQuery 액세스 제어 및 보안을 유지하면서 BigLake 테이블을 외부 데이터 소스에 연결합니다.
[[["이해하기 쉬움","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["문제가 해결됨","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["기타","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["이해하기 어려움","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["잘못된 정보 또는 샘플 코드","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["필요한 정보/샘플이 없음","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["번역 문제","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["기타","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["최종 업데이트: 2025-09-04(UTC)"],[[["\u003cp\u003eBigQuery enables querying data from external sources like Cloud Storage, Spanner, AWS, and Azure through the BigQuery Connection API.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eConnections are securely encrypted and stored, eliminating the need to send database credentials as cleartext, and they can be shared with users via IAM roles.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBigQuery supports various connection types for different external data sources, including Amazon S3, Azure Blob Storage, Google Cloud resources, Spanner, Cloud SQL, AlloyDB, SAP Datasphere, and Spark.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eOnce a connection is established, users can create external tables, run queries, export results, and build datasets based on data from these external sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eConnections are used to run federated queries, create external tables, remote functions, remote models, and other objects related to data outside BigQuery.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Introduction to connections\n===========================\n\nBigQuery lets you create external connections to query data that's\nstored outside of BigQuery in Google Cloud services like\nCloud Storage or Spanner, or in third-party sources like\nAmazon Web Services (AWS) or Microsoft Azure. These external connections use the\nBigQuery Connection API.\n\nFor example, suppose that you store details about customer orders in Cloud SQL\nand data about sales in BigQuery, and you want to join the two\ntables in a single query. You can create a Cloud SQL connection to the\nexternal database by using the BigQuery Connection API. With connections, you never\nsend database credentials as\n[cleartext](https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleartext).\n\nA connection is encrypted and securely stored in the BigQuery\nconnection service. You can [give users access to connections](/bigquery/docs/working-with-connections#share-connections)\nby granting them BigQuery connection Identity and Access Management (IAM)\nroles.\n\nConnection types\n----------------\n\nBigQuery provides different connection types for the following external data sources:\n\n- Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)\n- Apache Spark\n- Azure Blob Storage\n- Google Cloud resources such as Vertex AI remote models, remote functions, and BigLake\n- Spanner\n- Cloud SQL\n- AlloyDB for PostgreSQL\n- SAP Datasphere\n\n| **Note:** You don't need a connection to query data in [Bigtable](/bigquery/docs/external-data-bigtable) and [Google Drive](/bigquery/docs/external-data-drive).\n\n### Amazon S3 connections\n\nTo create an Amazon S3 connection with BigQuery Omni, see\n[Connect to Amazon S3](/bigquery/docs/omni-aws-create-connection).\n\nOnce you have an existing Amazon S3 connection, you can do the following:\n\n- [Create external tables on Amazon S3](/bigquery/docs/omni-aws-create-external-table)\n- [Query the Amazon S3 data](/bigquery/docs/query-aws-data)\n- [Export results to Amazon S3](/bigquery/docs/omni-aws-export-results-to-s3)\n- [Create datasets based on AWS Glue databases](/bigquery/docs/glue-federated-datasets).\n\n### Spark connections\n\n[Stored procedures for Spark](/bigquery/docs/spark-procedures) let\nyou run stored procedures written in Python using BigQuery. A\n[Spark connection](/bigquery/docs/connect-to-spark) lets you connect to\nDataproc Serverless and run the stored procedures for Spark.\n\nTo create this connection, see [Create connections](/bigquery/docs/connect-to-spark#create-spark-connection).\n\n### Blob Storage connections\n\nTo create a Blob Storage connection with BigQuery Omni, see\n[Connect to Blob Storage](/bigquery/docs/omni-azure-create-connection).\n\nOnce you have an existing Blob Storage connection, you can do the following:\n\n- [Create external tables based on Blob Storage](/bigquery/docs/omni-azure-create-external-table)\n- [Query the Blob Storage data](/bigquery/docs/query-azure-data)\n- [Export results to Blob Storage](/bigquery/docs/omni-azure-export-results-to-azure-storage)\n\n### Google Cloud resource connections\n\nA Google Cloud resource connection is a connection to authorize access to other Google Cloud\nresources such as Vertex AI remote models, remote functions, and\nBigLake. For details on how to set up a Google Cloud resource connection, see\n[Create and set up a Cloud resource connection](/bigquery/docs/create-cloud-resource-connection).\n\nOnce you have an existing Google Cloud resource connection, you can create the following\nBigQuery objects with it:\n\n- **Remote models** . For more information, see [The CREATE MODEL statement for remote models over LLMs](/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bigqueryml-syntax-create-remote-model), [The CREATE MODEL statement for remote models over Cloud AI services](/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bigqueryml-syntax-create-remote-model-service), and [The CREATE MODEL statement for remote models over Vertex AI hosted models](/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bigqueryml-syntax-create-remote-model-https).\n- **Remote functions** . BigQuery [remote functions](/bigquery/docs/remote-functions) let you implement functions with any supported languages in Cloud Run functions or Cloud Run. A remote function connection lets you connect with Cloud Run functions or Cloud Run and run these functions. To create a BigQuery remote function connection, see [Create a connection](/bigquery/docs/remote-functions#create_a_connection).\n- **BigLake tables** . BigLake connections connect [BigLake tables](/bigquery/docs/biglake-intro) to external data sources while retaining fine-grained BigQuery access control and security for both structured and unstructured data in Cloud Storage.\n- **Object tables** . For more information, see [Introduction to object tables](/bigquery/docs/object-table-introduction).\n\n### Spanner connections\n\nTo create a Spanner connection, see [Connect to Spanner](/bigquery/docs/connect-to-spanner).\n\nOnce you have an existing Spanner connection, you can run\n[federated queries](/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro).\n\n### Cloud SQL connections\n\nTo create a Cloud SQL connection, see [Connect to Cloud SQL](/bigquery/docs/connect-to-sql).\n\nOnce you have an existing Cloud SQL connection, you can run\n[federated queries](/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro).\n\n### AlloyDB connections\n\nTo create an AlloyDB connection, see [Connect to AlloyDB for PostgreSQL](/bigquery/docs/connect-to-alloydb).\n\nOnce you have an existing AlloyDB connection, you can run\n[federated queries](/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro).\n\n### SAP Datasphere connections\n\n|\n| **Preview**\n|\n|\n| This product or feature is subject to the \"Pre-GA Offerings Terms\" in the General Service Terms section\n| of the [Service Specific Terms](/terms/service-terms#1).\n|\n| Pre-GA products and features are available \"as is\" and might have limited support.\n|\n| For more information, see the\n| [launch stage descriptions](/products#product-launch-stages).\n\nTo create an SAP Datasphere connection, see [Connect to SAP Datasphere](/bigquery/docs/connect-to-sap-datasphere).\n\nOnce you have an existing SAP Datasphere connection, you can run\n[federated queries](/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro).\n\nAudit logs\n----------\n\nBigQuery logs usage and management requests about connections.\nFor more information, see [BigQuery audit logs overview](/bigquery/docs/reference/auditlogs).\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Learn how to [manage connections](/bigquery/docs/working-with-connections).\n- Learn more about [default connections](/bigquery/docs/default-connections) for your project.\n- Learn how to [analyze object tables by using remote functions](/bigquery/docs/object-table-remote-function).\n- Learn how to query stored data:\n - [Query data stored in Amazon S3](/bigquery/docs/omni-aws-create-external-table).\n - [Query data stored in Blob Storage](/bigquery/docs/omni-azure-create-external-table).\n - [Query structured data stored in Cloud Storage](/bigquery/docs/query-cloud-storage-using-biglake#query-biglake-table-bigquery).\n - [Query unstructured data stored in Cloud Storage](/bigquery/docs/object-tables).\n - [Query data stored in Spanner](/bigquery/docs/spanner-federated-queries).\n - [Query data stored in Cloud SQL](/bigquery/docs/cloud-sql-federated-queries).\n - [Query data stored in AlloyDB](/bigquery/docs/alloydb-federated-queries).\n - [Query data using remote functions](/bigquery/docs/remote-functions#create_a_remote_function).\n - [Query unstructured data using remote functions](/bigquery/docs/object-table-remote-function).\n - [Query data using stored procedures for Apache Spark](/bigquery/docs/spark-procedures).\n- Learn about [external tables](/bigquery/docs/external-tables)."]]
