Enable IP addresses

You can enable any virtual machine (VM) instance to be reachable from either the external network or another organization, known as VM Ingress. A VM workload in an organization project can reach either the external network or the current VM being exposed to services in other organizations, known as VM Egress.

You can use VirtualMachineExternalAccess (VMEA) to control VM Ingress and VM Egress together. You can find both the ingress and egress IP addresses that you have enabled for a VM instance on the Google Distributed Cloud (GDC) air-gapped VMM API or through the GDC console.

Before you begin

To use gdcloud command-line interface (CLI) commands, ensure that you have downloaded, installed, and configured the gdcloud CLI. All commands for Distributed Cloud use the gdcloud or kubectl CLI, and require an operating system (OS) environment.

Get the kubeconfig file path

To run commands against the org admin cluster, ensure you have the following resources:

1. Locate the org admin cluster name, or ask your Platform Administrator (PA) what the cluster name is.

2. Sign in and generate the kubeconfig file for the org admin cluster if you don't have one.

3. Use the path to the kubeconfig file of the org admin cluster to replace ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG in these instructions.

Configure VM External Access

VirtualMachineExternalAccess (VMEA) controls VM Ingress and VM Egress. VMEA cannot control VM Ingress and VM Egress separately. The ingress and egress of a VM must be enabled or disabled together at the same time.

You can configure and control VMEA either from UI or from Distributed Cloud VMM API. A VM can only have a single VMEA. If a VM does not have a VMEA, both the ingress and egress is disabled by default.

Enable external access

To enable a VM with external access for data transfer in and data transfer out, you can configure the VMEA from GDC console or the Distributed Cloud Virtual Machine Manager API.

By default, the intra-project network traffic is allowed, and you can directly access your VM inside the project. A network policy blocks all ingress traffic to the VM from outside the project. You must manually create a new network policy to let your source IP address to access the VM through data transfer in. This network policy can either be a cross-project traffic network policy or a cross-organization traffic network policy. The location depends on what you want to access the VM from.

You can enable and disable the external access of a VM by specifying true or false in the enabled field of the VMEA spec. For VM Ingress, you can configure data transfer in ports by specifying the name, protocol and port number for each port you want to add in the ports field of VMEA spec.

To enable external access of a VM by creating a new VMEA, complete the following:

Console

1. During the VM creation process using the Console, navigate to the Network details page from the Create VM instance page.
2. Locate Network in the vertical navigation menu of the page.
3. Check Allow external access to enable external access on the VM.

Note: You cannot change external access status once you've created a VM.

kubectl

Run the following command:

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG apply -n PROJECT -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: virtualmachine.gdc.goog/v1
kind: VirtualMachineExternalAccess
metadata:
   name: VM_NAME
spec:
   enabled: true
   ports:
     - name: PORT_NAME
       protocol: PROTOCOL
       port: PORT_NUMBER
EOF

Replace the following variables:

• ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the kubeconfig file to the org admin cluster.
• VM_NAME: the name of your VM.
• PORT_NAME: the port name.
• PROTOCOL: the protocol you want the ingress service to use. The protocol name must be capitalized and a Kubernetes supported protocol, such as TCP, UDP, or SCTP.
• PORT_NUMBER: the port number.

Note: Update enabled field to true.

To enable external access of a VM by editing an existing VMEA through the VMM API, run the following:

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG edit virtualmachineexternalaccesses.virtualmachine.gdc.goog VM_NAME -n PROJECT

Disable external access

If a VM does not have a corresponding VMEA, both of the ingress and egress are disabled. If a VM has a corresponding VMEA, you can disable the VMEA by either setting the enabled field to false or directly deleting the VMEA. You can do these operations through the Distributed Cloud VMM API.

To disable external access, complete the following steps:

kubectl

Disable external access by deleting a VMEA:

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG delete virtualmachineexternalaccesses.virtualmachine.gdc.goog VM_NAME -n PROJECT

Replace the following:

• ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the kubeconfig file to the org admin cluster.
• VM_NAME: the name of the VM.
• PROJECT: the Distributed Cloud project where the VM resides.

Disable external access by editing a VMEA:

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG edit virtualmachineexternalaccesses.virtualmachine.gdc.goog VM_NAME -n PROJECT

Update the enabled field to false.

Ingress

View Ingress IP addresses

If a VM is enabled with Ingress, an ingress IP address shows on the GDC console after creation. You can also find this ingress IP address from the VM details page in the GDC console.

To fetch the IP address, use the Distributed Cloud VMM API. Complete the following:

kubectl

Fetch the IP address:

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG get virtualmachineexternalaccesses.virtualmachine.gdc.goog VM_NAME -n PROJECT -ojsonpath='{.status.ingressIP}'

For a VM with a different operating system (OS), use the ssh command to enter the VM with the ingress IP address with the port you have enabled with TCP.

Edit Ingress

After you enable VMEA for a VM, you can customize the ingress by editing the VMEA. You can directly edit the spec of the VM ingress from the GDC console. You can also use the kubectl CLI to edit the VM ingress from the spec of the VMEA.

To edit the VMEA to customize the ingress, complete the following:

For example, use following commands to add port PORT_NUMBER on an existing VM ingress using TCP protocol:

Console

Directly edit the ports on the VM Ingress service from the GDC console:

1. In the vertical navigation menu, click Instances.
2. On the page, scroll to Network details.

3. Click the edit icon on Ingress Ports to edit the ingress port.

   

kubectl

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG patch virtualmachineexternalaccesses.virtualmachine.gdc.goog VM_NAME -n PROJECT --type "json" -p '[{"op":"add","path":"/spec/ports/-","value": {"name":"PORT_NAME","port":PORT_NUMBER, "Protocol":"TCP"}}]'

Replace the following:

• ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the kubeconfig file to the org admin cluster.
• VM_NAME: the name of the VM.
• PROJECT: the Distributed Cloud project where the VM resides.
• PORT_NAME: the name of the port to add.
• PORT_NUMBER: the port number.

Enable Ingress with non-TCP protocol

Distributed Cloud lets you enable your VM Ingress with different protocols. By default, a VM Ingress service uses TCP protocol. You can add your own non-TCP protocol ingress for your VM. Distributed Cloud supports the following protocols:

• Transmission control protocol (TCP).
• User datagram protocol (UDP).
• Stream control transmission protocol (SCTP).

You can enable data transfer in with non-TCP protocol by specifying different protocol names when creating VMEA.

Note: In prior Distributed Cloud versions, you can create multiple ingresses with different IP addresses. In versions after 1.11, you can only have one VM Ingress with a single IP address.

Egress

A VM workload in an organization project can reach the external network, or be exposed to services in other organizations. If you enable data transfer out for the VM, you see an egress IP address generated. The VM connects to the external services with this IP address.

To make this IP address data transfer out of the external network, you might need to apply project network policies. For more information, refer to Egress cross-organization traffic network policy.

View Egress IP address

If a VM is enabled with Egress, an egress IP address shows on the GDC console after creation. You can also find this egress IP address from the VM details page.

To view the egress IP address, complete the following:

kubectl

Fetch the IP address:

kubectl --kubeconfig ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG get virtualmachineexternalaccesses.virtualmachine.gdc.goog VM_NAME -n PROJECT -ojsonpath='{.status.egressIP}'

Replace the following:

• ORG_ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the kubeconfig file to the org admin cluster.
• VM_NAME: the name of the VM.
• PROJECT: the Distributed Cloud project where the VM resides.

VM Egress is based on a project. VMs within the same project contain the same Egress IP address.

Control Egress

In previous Distributed Cloud versions, you had to reboot the VM to reflect egress changes to a running VM. In version 1.11, you can enable and disable the VM egress without rebooting the VM. This change takes effect right after you update the VMEA.