使用具有版本控制的对象

概览 设置

本页面介绍了如何列出、访问、恢复和删除非当前对象,这通常适用于启用了对象版本控制功能的存储桶。

所需的角色

如需获得管理非当前对象所需的权限,请让管理员向您授予项目的 Storage Object User (roles/storage.objectUser) IAM 角色。此预定义角色包含管理非当前对象所需的权限。如需查看所需的确切权限,请展开所需权限部分:

所需权限

  • storage.objects.create
  • storage.objects.delete
  • storage.objects.get
  • storage.objects.list

您也可以使用自定义角色来获取这些权限。

如需了解如何授予项目的角色,请参阅管理对项目的访问权限

根据您的使用场景,您可能需要更多权限或其他角色:

  • 如果您打算使用 Google Cloud 控制台执行本页面上的任务,则还需要 storage.buckets.list 权限,Storage Object User (roles/storage.objectUser) 角色不提供此权限。 如需获得此权限,请让管理员为您授予项目的 Storage Admin (roles/storage.admin) 角色。

  • 如果为存储桶停用了统一存储桶级访问权限,则在以下情况下,您还需要其他权限:

    • 如果您计划返回非当前对象及其 ACL,则还需要 storage.objects.getIamPolicy 权限,该权限未包含在 Storage Object User (roles/storage.objectUser) 角色中。如需获得此权限,请让管理员为您授予项目的 Storage Object Admin (roles/storage.objectAdmin) 角色。

    • 如果您计划重命名或恢复具有 ACL 的非当前对象,则还需要 storage.objects.setIamPolicy 权限,该权限未包含在 Storage Object User (roles/storage.objectUser) 角色中。如需获得此权限,请让管理员为您授予项目的 Storage Object Admin (roles/storage.objectAdmin) 角色。

列出非当前对象版本

如需列出对象的当前版本和非当前版本,并查看它们的 generation 编号,请执行以下操作:

控制台

  1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中,进入 Cloud Storage 存储桶页面。

    进入“存储桶”

  2. 在存储桶列表中,点击包含所需对象的存储桶的名称。

    此时会打开“存储桶详情”页面,其中“对象”标签页已选中。

  3. 如需查看非当前对象,请点击显示下拉菜单,然后选择当前对象和非当前对象

  4. 在对象列表中,点击要查看其版本的对象的名称。

    此时会打开对象详情页面,其中实时对象标签页已选中。

  5. 点击版本历史记录标签页以查看对象的所有版本。

命令行

使用 gcloud storage ls --all-versions 命令:

gcloud storage ls --all-versions gs://BUCKET_NAME

其中 BUCKET_NAME 是包含对象的存储桶的名称。例如 my-bucket

响应如下例所示:

gs://BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME1#GENERATION_NUMBER1
gs://BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME2#GENERATION_NUMBER2
gs://BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME3#GENERATION_NUMBER3
...

客户端库

C++

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage C++ API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name) {
  for (auto&& object_metadata :
       client.ListObjects(bucket_name, gcs::Versions{true})) {
    if (!object_metadata) throw std::move(object_metadata).status();

    std::cout << "bucket_name=" << object_metadata->bucket()
              << ", object_name=" << object_metadata->name()
              << ", generation=" << object_metadata->generation() << "\n";
  }
}

C#

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage C# API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证


using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class ListFileArchivedGenerationSample
{
	public IEnumerable<Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data.Object> ListFileArchivedGeneration(string bucketName = "your-bucket-name")
	{
		var storage = StorageClient.Create();

		var storageObjects = storage.ListObjects(bucketName, options: new ListObjectsOptions
		{
			Versions = true
		});

		foreach (var storageObject in storageObjects)
		{
			Console.WriteLine($"Filename: {storageObject.Name}, Generation: {storageObject.Generation}");
		}

		return storageObjects;
	}
}

Go

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Go API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)

// listFilesAllVersion lists both live and noncurrent versions of objects within specified bucket.
func listFilesAllVersion(w io.Writer, bucket string) error {
	// bucket := "bucket-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	it := client.Bucket(bucket).Objects(ctx, &storage.Query{
		// Versions true to output all generations of objects
		Versions: true,
	})
	for {
		attrs, err := it.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Objects(): %w", bucket, err)
		}
		fmt.Fprintln(w, attrs.Name, attrs.Generation, attrs.Metageneration)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Java API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

import com.google.api.gax.paging.Page;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Blob;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class ListObjectsWithOldVersions {
  public static void listObjectsWithOldVersions(String projectId, String bucketName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";
    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
    Bucket bucket = storage.get(bucketName);
    Page<Blob> blobs = bucket.list(Storage.BlobListOption.versions(true));

    for (Blob blob : blobs.iterateAll()) {
      System.out.println(blob.getName() + "," + blob.getGeneration());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Node.js API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function listFilesWithOldVersions() {
  const [files] = await storage.bucket(bucketName).getFiles({
    versions: true,
  });

  console.log('Files:');
  files.forEach(file => {
    console.log(file.name, file.generation);
  });
}

listFilesWithOldVersions().catch(console.error);

PHP

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage PHP API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * List objects in a specified bucket with all archived generations.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 *        (e.g. 'my-bucket')
 */
function list_file_archived_generations(string $bucketName): void
{
    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);

    $objects = $bucket->objects([
        'versions' => true,
    ]);

    foreach ($objects as $object) {
        print($object->name() . ',' . $object->info()['generation'] . PHP_EOL);
    }
}

Python

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Python API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

from google.cloud import storage


def list_file_archived_generations(bucket_name):
    """Lists all the blobs in the bucket with generation."""
    # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name"

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    blobs = storage_client.list_blobs(bucket_name, versions=True)

    for blob in blobs:
        print(f"{blob.name},{blob.generation}")

Ruby

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Ruby API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

def list_file_archived_generations bucket_name:
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name

  bucket.files.each do |file|
    puts "#{file.name},#{file.generation}"
  end
end

REST API

JSON API

  1. 安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,以便为 Authorization 标头生成访问令牌。

    或者,您可以创建访问令牌(使用 OAuth 2.0 Playground),并将其包含在 Authorization 标头中。

  2. 使用 cURL,通过 Objects: list 请求调用 JSON API

    curl -X GET \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME/o?versions=true"

    其中 BUCKET_NAME 是包含对象的存储桶的名称。例如 my-bucket

对象非当前版本具有 timeDeleted 属性。

XML API

  1. 安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,以便为 Authorization 标头生成访问令牌。

    或者,您可以创建访问令牌(使用 OAuth 2.0 Playground),并将其包含在 Authorization 标头中。

  2. 使用 cURL,通过 GET Bucket 请求和 versions 查询字符串参数调用 XML API

    curl -X GET \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME?versions&list-type=2"

    其中 BUCKET_NAME 是包含对象的存储桶的名称。例如 my-bucket

与不使用 versions 查询参数相比,在使用该查询参数时,GET 请求的结果存在一些差异。具体而言,当您在请求中包含 versions 查询参数时,Cloud Storage 会返回以下信息:

  • Version 元素(包含每个对象的相关信息)。
  • DeletedTime 元素(包含对象版本成为非当前版本(删除或替换)的时间)。
  • IsLatest 元素(指示特定对象是否为最新版本)。
  • 如果对象列出操作仅列出部分对象(当存储桶中包含许多对象版本时,会发生此情况),则会返回 NextGenerationMarker 元素。在后续请求的 generationmarker 查询参数中使用此元素的值,以便从上次的截止点继续。generationmarker 查询参数的使用方式与 marker 查询参数相同,用于为非版本化存储桶的列表结果分页。

访问非当前对象版本

如需在执行下载对象、查看其元数据或更新其元数据等任务时使用非当前对象版本,请执行以下操作:

控制台

Google Cloud 控制台不提供对非当前版本的常规访问权限。使用 Google Cloud 控制台时,您只能移动、复制、恢复删除非当前版本。这些操作是从对象的版本记录列表中执行的。

命令行

  1. 将非当前版本的世代编号附加到对象名称:

    OBJECT_NAME#GENERATION_NUMBER

    其中:

    • OBJECT_NAME 是非当前版本的名称,例如 pets/dog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234
  2. 使用上一步中的字符串,按照对象现行版本的正常方式继续操作。例如,如需查看非当前对象版本的元数据,请使用 gcloud storage objects describe 命令:

    gcloud storage objects describe gs://my-bucket/pets/dog.png#1560468815691234

REST API

JSON API

  1. 将非当前版本的世代编号附加到对象的 URI:

    https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME/o/OBJECT_NAME?generation=GENERATION_NUMBER

    其中:

    • BUCKET_NAME 是包含非当前版本的存储桶的名称,例如 my-bucket
    • OBJECT_NAME 是非当前版本的网址编码名称。例如,pets/dog.png 的网址编码为 pets%2Fdog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234
  2. 使用上一步中的 URI,按照对象现行版本的正常方式继续操作。例如,如需查看非当前对象版本的元数据,请使用 cURL对象:获取请求中调用 JSON API

    curl -X GET \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/my-bucket/o/pets/dog.png?generation=1560468815691234"

XML API

  1. 将非当前版本的世代编号附加到对象的 URI:

    https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME?generation=GENERATION_NUMBER

    其中:

    • BUCKET_NAME 是包含非当前版本的存储桶的名称,例如 my-bucket
    • OBJECT_NAME 是非当前版本的网址编码名称。例如,pets/dog.png 的网址编码为 pets%2Fdog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234
  2. 使用上一步中的 URI,按照对象现行版本的正常方式继续操作。例如,如需查看非当前对象版本的元数据,请使用 cURLHEAD 对象请求中调用 XML API

    curl -I GET \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/my-bucket/pets/dog.png?generation=1560468815691234"

恢复非当前对象版本

在 Cloud Storage 中,恢复非当前对象版本意味着创建该版本的副本。执行此操作后,副本会成为当前版本,从而有效地恢复版本。如果已有当前版本并且存储桶启用了对象版本控制,则恢复非当前版本会导致之前存在的当前版本变为非当前版本。

控制台

  1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中,进入 Cloud Storage 存储桶页面。

    进入“存储桶”

  2. 在存储桶列表中,点击包含所需对象的存储桶的名称。

    此时会打开“存储桶详情”页面,其中“对象”标签页已选中。

  3. 如需查看非当前对象,请点击显示下拉菜单,然后选择当前对象和非当前对象

  4. 在对象列表中,点击要恢复的对象版本的名称。

    此时会打开对象详情页面,其中实时对象标签页已选中。

  5. 点击版本历史记录标签页。

  6. 点击所需版本的恢复按钮。

    此时会打开恢复对象版本窗格。

  7. 点击确认

命令行

使用 gcloud storage cp 命令:

gcloud storage cp gs://BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME#GENERATION_NUMBER gs://BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME

其中:

  • BUCKET_NAME 是包含要恢复的非当前版本的存储桶的名称。例如 my-bucket
  • OBJECT_NAME 是要恢复的非当前版本的名称。例如 pets/dog.png
  • GENERATION_NUMBER 是要恢复的非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234

如果成功,则响应类似如下示例:

Operation completed over 1 objects/58.8 KiB.

客户端库

C++

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage C++ API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& source_bucket_name,
   std::string const& source_object_name,
   std::string const& destination_bucket_name,
   std::string const& destination_object_name,
   std::int64_t source_object_generation) {
  StatusOr<gcs::ObjectMetadata> copy =
      client.CopyObject(source_bucket_name, source_object_name,
                        destination_bucket_name, destination_object_name,
                        gcs::SourceGeneration{source_object_generation});
  if (!copy) throw std::move(copy).status();

  std::cout << "Successfully copied " << source_object_name << " generation "
            << source_object_generation << " in bucket " << source_bucket_name
            << " to bucket " << copy->bucket() << " with name "
            << copy->name()
            << ".\nThe full metadata after the copy is: " << *copy << "\n";
}

C#

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage C# API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证


using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class CopyFileArchivedGenerationSample
{
    public Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data.Object CopyFileArchivedGeneration(
        string sourceBucketName = "source-bucket-name",
        string sourceObjectName = "source-file",
        string destBucketName = "destination-bucket-name",
        string destObjectName = "destination-file-name",
        long? generation = 1579287380533984)
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();
        var copyOptions = new CopyObjectOptions
        {
            SourceGeneration = generation
        };

        var copiedFile = storage.CopyObject(sourceBucketName, sourceObjectName,
            destBucketName, destObjectName, copyOptions);

        Console.WriteLine($"Generation {generation} of the object {sourceBucketName}/{sourceObjectName} " +
            $"was copied to to {destBucketName}/{destObjectName}.");

        return copiedFile;
    }
}

Go

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Go API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// copyOldVersionOfObject copies a noncurrent version of an object.
func copyOldVersionOfObject(w io.Writer, bucket, srcObject, dstObject string, gen int64) error {
	// bucket := "bucket-name"
	// srcObject := "source-object-name"
	// dstObject := "destination-object-name"

	// gen is the generation of srcObject to copy.
	// gen := 1587012235914578
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	src := client.Bucket(bucket).Object(srcObject)
	dst := client.Bucket(bucket).Object(dstObject)

	// Optional: set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race
	// conditions and data corruptions. The request to copy is aborted if the
	// object's generation number does not match your precondition.
	// For a dst object that does not yet exist, set the DoesNotExist precondition.
	dst = dst.If(storage.Conditions{DoesNotExist: true})
	// If the destination object already exists in your bucket, set instead a
	// generation-match precondition using its generation number.
	// attrs, err := dst.Attrs(ctx)
	// if err != nil {
	// 	return fmt.Errorf("object.Attrs: %w", err)
	// }
	// dst = dst.If(storage.Conditions{GenerationMatch: attrs.Generation})

	if _, err := dst.CopierFrom(src.Generation(gen)).Run(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Object(%q).CopierFrom(%q).Generation(%v).Run: %w", dstObject, srcObject, gen, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Generation %v of object %v in bucket %v was copied to %v\n", gen, srcObject, bucket, dstObject)
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Java API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobId;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class CopyOldVersionOfObject {
  public static void copyOldVersionOfObject(
      String projectId,
      String bucketName,
      String objectToCopy,
      long generationToCopy,
      String newObjectName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    // The ID of the GCS object to copy an old version of
    // String objectToCopy = "your-object-name";

    // The generation of objectToCopy to copy
    // long generationToCopy = 1579287380533984;

    // What to name the new object with the old data from objectToCopy
    // String newObjectName = "your-new-object";

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();

    // Optional: set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race
    // conditions and data corruptions. The request returns a 412 error if the
    // preconditions are not met.
    Storage.BlobTargetOption precondition;
    if (storage.get(bucketName, newObjectName) == null) {
      // For a target object that does not yet exist, set the DoesNotExist precondition.
      // This will cause the request to fail if the object is created before the request runs.
      precondition = Storage.BlobTargetOption.doesNotExist();
    } else {
      // If the destination already exists in your bucket, instead set a generation-match
      // precondition. This will cause the request to fail if the existing object's generation
      // changes before the request runs.
      precondition =
          Storage.BlobTargetOption.generationMatch(
              storage.get(bucketName, newObjectName).getGeneration());
    }

    Storage.CopyRequest copyRequest =
        Storage.CopyRequest.newBuilder()
            .setSource(BlobId.of(bucketName, objectToCopy, generationToCopy))
            .setTarget(BlobId.of(bucketName, newObjectName), precondition)
            .build();
    storage.copy(copyRequest);

    System.out.println(
        "Generation "
            + generationToCopy
            + " of object "
            + objectToCopy
            + " in bucket "
            + bucketName
            + " was copied to "
            + newObjectName);
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Node.js API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const srcBucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

// The ID of the GCS file to copy an old version of
// const srcFilename = "your-file-name";

// The generation of fileToCopy to copy
// const generation = 1579287380533984;

// The ID of the bucket to copy the file to
// const destBucketName = 'target-file-bucket';

// What to name the new file with the old data from srcFilename
// const destFileName = "your-new-file";

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function copyOldVersionOfFile() {
  // Copies the file to the other bucket

  // Optional:
  // Set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race conditions
  // and data corruptions. The request to copy is aborted if the object's
  // generation number does not match your precondition. For a destination
  // object that does not yet exist, set the ifGenerationMatch precondition to 0
  // If the destination object already exists in your bucket, set instead a
  // generation-match precondition using its generation number.
  const copyOptions = {
    preconditionOpts: {
      ifGenerationMatch: destinationGenerationMatchPrecondition,
    },
  };

  await storage
    .bucket(srcBucketName)
    .file(srcFilename, {
      generation,
    })
    .copy(storage.bucket(destBucketName).file(destFileName), copyOptions);

  console.log(
    `Generation ${generation} of file ${srcFilename} in bucket ${srcBucketName} was copied to ${destFileName} in bucket ${destBucketName}`
  );
}

copyOldVersionOfFile().catch(console.error);

PHP

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage PHP API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Copy archived generation of a given object to a new object.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 *        (e.g. 'my-bucket')
 * @param string $objectToCopy The name of the object to copy.
 *        (e.g. 'my-object')
 * @param string $generationToCopy The generation of the object to copy.
 *        (e.g. 1579287380533984)
 * @param string $newObjectName The name of the target object.
 *        (e.g. 'my-object-1579287380533984')
 */
function copy_file_archived_generation(string $bucketName, string $objectToCopy, string $generationToCopy, string $newObjectName): void
{
    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);

    $object = $bucket->object($objectToCopy, [
        'generation' => $generationToCopy,
    ]);

    $object->copy($bucket, [
        'name' => $newObjectName,
    ]);

    printf(
        'Generation %s of object %s in bucket %s was copied to %s',
        $generationToCopy,
        $objectToCopy,
        $bucketName,
        $newObjectName
    );
}

Python

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Python API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

from google.cloud import storage


def copy_file_archived_generation(
        bucket_name, blob_name, destination_bucket_name, destination_blob_name, generation
):
    """Copies a blob from one bucket to another with a new name with the same generation."""
    # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name"
    # blob_name = "your-object-name"
    # destination_bucket_name = "destination-bucket-name"
    # destination_blob_name = "destination-object-name"
    # generation = 1579287380533984

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    source_bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name)
    source_blob = source_bucket.blob(blob_name)
    destination_bucket = storage_client.bucket(destination_bucket_name)

    # Optional: set a generation-match precondition to avoid potential race conditions
    # and data corruptions. The request to copy is aborted if the object's
    # generation number does not match your precondition. For a destination
    # object that does not yet exist, set the if_generation_match precondition to 0.
    # If the destination object already exists in your bucket, set instead a
    # generation-match precondition using its generation number.
    destination_generation_match_precondition = 0

    # source_generation selects a specific revision of the source object, as opposed to the latest version.
    blob_copy = source_bucket.copy_blob(
        source_blob, destination_bucket, destination_blob_name, source_generation=generation, if_generation_match=destination_generation_match_precondition
    )

    print(
        "Generation {} of the blob {} in bucket {} copied to blob {} in bucket {}.".format(
            generation,
            source_blob.name,
            source_bucket.name,
            blob_copy.name,
            destination_bucket.name,
        )
    )

Ruby

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Ruby API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

def copy_file_archived_generation source_bucket_name:,
                                  source_file_name:,
                                  generation:,
                                  destination_bucket_name:,
                                  destination_file_name:
  # The ID of the bucket the original object is in
  # source_bucket_name = "source-bucket-name"

  # The ID of the GCS object to copy
  # source_file_name = "source-file-name"

  # The generation of your GCS object to copy
  # generation = 1579287380533984

  # The ID of the bucket to copy the object to
  # destination_bucket_name = "destination-bucket-name"

  # The ID of the new GCS object
  # destination_file_name = "destination-file-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new

  source_bucket = storage.bucket source_bucket_name, skip_lookup: true
  source_file = source_bucket.file source_file_name
  destination_bucket = storage.bucket destination_bucket_name, skip_lookup: true

  destination_file = source_file.copy destination_bucket, destination_file_name, generation: generation

  puts "Generation #{generation} of the file #{source_file.name} in bucket #{source_bucket.name} copied to file " \
       "#{destination_file.name} in bucket #{destination_bucket.name}"
end

REST API

JSON API

  1. 安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,以便为 Authorization 标头生成访问令牌。

    或者,您可以创建访问令牌(使用 OAuth 2.0 Playground),并将其包含在 Authorization 标头中。

  2. 使用 cURL,通过 POST Object 请求调用 JSON API

    curl -X POST \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      -H "Content-Length: 0" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/upload/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME/o/OBJECT_NAME/rewriteTo/b/BUCKET_NAME/o/OBJECT_NAME?sourceGeneration=GENERATION_NUMBER"

    其中:

    • BUCKET_NAME 是包含要恢复的非当前版本的存储桶的名称。例如 my-bucket
    • OBJECT_NAME 是要恢复的非当前版本的网址编码名称。例如,pets/dog.png 的网址编码为 pets%2Fdog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是要恢复的非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234

XML API

  1. 安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,以便为 Authorization 标头生成访问令牌。

    或者,您可以创建访问令牌(使用 OAuth 2.0 Playground),并将其包含在 Authorization 标头中。

  2. 使用 cURL,通过 PUT Object 请求调用 XML API

    curl -X PUT \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      -H "x-goog-copy-source: BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME" \
      -H "x-goog-copy-source-generation:GENERATION_NUMBER" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME"

    其中:

    • BUCKET_NAME 是包含要恢复的非当前版本的存储桶的名称。例如 my-bucket
    • OBJECT_NAME 是要恢复的非当前版本的网址编码名称。例如,pets/dog.png 的网址编码为 pets%2Fdog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是要恢复的非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234

恢复对象版本后,原始非当前版本仍存在于存储桶中。如果您不再需要非当前版本,可以随后将其删除或配置对象生命周期管理,以便在其符合您指定的条件时将其移除。

删除非当前对象版本

控制台

  1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中,进入 Cloud Storage 存储桶页面。

    进入“存储桶”

  2. 在存储桶列表中,点击包含所需对象的存储桶的名称。

    此时会打开“存储桶详情”页面,其中“对象”标签页已选中。

  3. 如需查看非当前对象,请点击显示下拉菜单,然后选择当前对象和非当前对象

  4. 导航到可能位于文件夹中的对象。

  5. 在对象列表中,点击要删除其版本的对象的名称。

    此时会打开对象详情页面,其中实时对象标签页已选中。

  6. 点击版本历史记录标签页。

  7. 选中所需版本对应的复选框。

  8. 点击删除按钮。

    此时会打开删除版本窗格。

  9. 在文本字段中输入 delete,以确认您要删除该对象。

  10. 点击删除

命令行

使用 gcloud storage rm 命令:

gcloud storage rm gs://BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME#GENERATION_NUMBER

其中:

  • BUCKET_NAME 是包含要删除的非当前版本的存储桶的名称,例如 my-bucket
  • OBJECT_NAME 是要删除的非当前版本的名称,例如 pets/dog.png
  • GENERATION_NUMBER 是要删除的非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234

如果成功,则响应类似如下示例:

Operation completed over 1 objects.

客户端库

C++

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage C++ API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name,
   std::string const& object_name, std::int64_t object_generation) {
  google::cloud::Status status = client.DeleteObject(
      bucket_name, object_name, gcs::Generation{object_generation});
  if (!status.ok()) throw std::runtime_error(status.message());

  std::cout << "Deleted " << object_name << " generation "
            << object_generation << " in bucket " << bucket_name << "\n";
}

C#

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage C# API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证


using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class DeleteFileArchivedGenerationSample
{
    public void DeleteFileArchivedGeneration(
        string bucketName = "your-bucket-name",
        string objectName = "your-object-name",
        long? generation = 1579287380533984)
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();

        storage.DeleteObject(bucketName, objectName, new DeleteObjectOptions
        {
            Generation = generation
        });

        Console.WriteLine($"Generation ${generation} of file {objectName} was deleted from bucket {bucketName}.");
    }
}

Go

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Go API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// deleteOldVersionOfObject deletes a noncurrent version of an object.
func deleteOldVersionOfObject(w io.Writer, bucketName, objectName string, gen int64) error {
	// bucketName := "bucket-name"
	// objectName := "object-name"

	// gen is the generation of objectName to delete.
	// gen := 1587012235914578
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	obj := client.Bucket(bucketName).Object(objectName)
	if err := obj.Generation(gen).Delete(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Object(%q).Generation(%v).Delete: %w", bucketName, objectName, gen, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Generation %v of object %v was deleted from %v\n", gen, objectName, bucketName)
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Java API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobId;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class DeleteOldVersionOfObject {
  public static void deleteOldVersionOfObject(
      String projectId, String bucketName, String objectName, long generationToDelete) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    // The ID of your GCS object
    // String objectName = "your-object-name";

    // The generation of objectName to delete
    // long generationToDelete = 1579287380533984;

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
    storage.delete(BlobId.of(bucketName, objectName, generationToDelete));

    System.out.println(
        "Generation "
            + generationToDelete
            + " of object "
            + objectName
            + " was deleted from "
            + bucketName);
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Node.js API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// The ID of your GCS file
// const fileName = 'your-file-name';

// The generation of fileName to delete
// const generation = 1579287380533984;

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function deleteOldVersionOfFile() {
  // Deletes the file from the bucket with given version
  await storage
    .bucket(bucketName)
    .file(fileName, {
      generation,
    })
    .delete();

  console.log(
    `Generation ${generation} of file ${fileName} was deleted from ${bucketName}`
  );
}

deleteOldVersionOfFile().catch(console.error);

PHP

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage PHP API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Delete an archived generation of the given object.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 *        (e.g. 'my-bucket')
 * @param string $objectName The name of your Cloud Storage object.
 *        (e.g. 'my-object')
 * @param string $generationToDelete the generation of the object to delete.
 *        (e.g. 1579287380533984)
 */
function delete_file_archived_generation(string $bucketName, string $objectName, string $generationToDelete): void
{
    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);

    $object = $bucket->object($objectName, [
        'generation' => $generationToDelete,
    ]);

    $object->delete();

    printf(
        'Generation %s of object %s was deleted from %s',
        $generationToDelete,
        $objectName,
        $bucketName
    );
}

Python

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Python API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

from google.cloud import storage


def delete_file_archived_generation(bucket_name, blob_name, generation):
    """Delete a blob in the bucket with the given generation."""
    # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name"
    # blob_name = "your-object-name"
    # generation = 1579287380533984

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    bucket.delete_blob(blob_name, generation=generation)
    print(
        f"Generation {generation} of blob {blob_name} was deleted from {bucket_name}"
    )

Ruby

如需了解详情,请参阅 Cloud Storage Ruby API 参考文档

如需向 Cloud Storage 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证

def delete_file_archived_generation bucket_name:, file_name:, generation:
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  # The ID of your GCS object
  # file_name = "your-file-name"

  # The generation of the file to delete
  # generation = 1579287380533984

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name, skip_lookup: true

  file = bucket.file file_name

  file.delete generation: generation

  puts "Generation #{generation} of file #{file_name} was deleted from #{bucket_name}"
end

REST API

JSON API

  1. 安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,以便为 Authorization 标头生成访问令牌。

    或者,您可以创建访问令牌(使用 OAuth 2.0 Playground),并将其包含在 Authorization 标头中。

  2. 使用 cURL,通过 DELETE Object 请求调用 JSON API

    curl -X DELETE \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME/o/OBJECT_NAME?generation=GENERATION_NUMBER"

    其中:

    • BUCKET_NAME 是包含要删除的非当前版本的存储桶的名称,例如 my-bucket
    • OBJECT_NAME 是要删除的非当前版本的网址编码名称。例如,pets/dog.png 的网址编码为 pets%2Fdog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是要删除的非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234

XML API

  1. 安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,以便为 Authorization 标头生成访问令牌。

    或者,您可以创建访问令牌(使用 OAuth 2.0 Playground),并将其包含在 Authorization 标头中。

  2. 使用 cURL,通过 DELETE Object 请求调用 XML API

    curl -X DELETE \
      -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
      "https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME?generation=GENERATION_NUMBER"

    其中:

    • BUCKET_NAME 是包含要删除的非当前版本的存储桶的名称,例如 my-bucket
    • OBJECT_NAME 是要删除的非当前版本的网址编码名称。例如,pets/dog.png 的网址编码为 pets%2Fdog.png
    • GENERATION_NUMBER 是要删除的非当前版本的世代编号,例如 1560468815691234

后续步骤