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En esta página se explica cómo realizar subidas multiparte de la API XML en Cloud Storage. Este método de subida sube los archivos por partes y, a continuación, los ensambla en un solo objeto mediante una solicitud final. Las subidas multiparte de la API XML son compatibles con las subidas multiparte de Amazon S3.
Información general
Una subida multiparte de la API XML te permite subir datos en varias partes y, después, combinarlos en un objeto final. Este comportamiento tiene varias ventajas, sobre todo en el caso de archivos grandes:
Puedes subir partes simultáneamente, lo que reduce el tiempo necesario para subir los datos por completo.
Si falla una de las operaciones de subida, solo tiene que volver a subir una parte del objeto en lugar de reiniciar desde el principio.
Como el tamaño total del archivo no se especifica de antemano, puede usar las subidas multiparte de la API XML para subidas de streaming o para comprimir datos sobre la marcha mientras se suben.
Una subida multiparte de la API XML tiene tres pasos obligatorios:
Inicia la subida con una solicitud POST, que incluye la especificación de los metadatos que debe tener el objeto completado. La respuesta devuelve un UploadId que se usa en todas las solicitudes posteriores asociadas a la subida.
Para evitar que se acumulen subidas multiparte abandonadas, puedes usar la gestión del ciclo de vida de los objetos para eliminar automáticamente las subidas multiparte cuando alcancen una antigüedad determinada.
Cuestiones importantes
Se aplican las siguientes limitaciones al usar subidas multiparte de la API XML:
Hay límites en el tamaño mínimo y máximo de una parte, así como en el número de partes que se pueden usar para completar la subida.
Aunque puedes iniciar una subida y subir partes, la solicitud para completar la subida falla si se sobrescribe un objeto que tiene una retención o un periodo de conservación sin cumplir.
Puedes listar las subidas en curso de un segmento, pero solo las subidas completadas aparecen en la lista normal de objetos del segmento.
Puedes realizar subidas multiparte de la API XML con el método
uploadFileInChunks. Por ejemplo:
/** * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample. */// The ID of your GCS bucket// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';// The path of file to upload// const filePath = 'path/to/your/file';// The size of each chunk to be uploaded// const chunkSize = 32 * 1024 * 1024;// Imports the Google Cloud client libraryconst{Storage,TransferManager}=require('@google-cloud/storage');// Creates a clientconststorage=newStorage();// Creates a transfer manager clientconsttransferManager=newTransferManager(storage.bucket(bucketName));asyncfunctionuploadFileInChunksWithTransferManager(){// Uploads the filesawaittransferManager.uploadFileInChunks(filePath,{chunkSizeBytes:chunkSize,});console.log(`${filePath} uploaded to ${bucketName}.`);}uploadFileInChunksWithTransferManager().catch(console.error);
defupload_chunks_concurrently(bucket_name,source_filename,destination_blob_name,chunk_size=32*1024*1024,workers=8,):"""Upload a single file, in chunks, concurrently in a process pool."""# The ID of your GCS bucket# bucket_name = "your-bucket-name"# The path to your file to upload# source_filename = "local/path/to/file"# The ID of your GCS object# destination_blob_name = "storage-object-name"# The size of each chunk. The performance impact of this value depends on# the use case. The remote service has a minimum of 5 MiB and a maximum of# 5 GiB.# chunk_size = 32 * 1024 * 1024 (32 MiB)# The maximum number of processes to use for the operation. The performance# impact of this value depends on the use case. Each additional process# occupies some CPU and memory resources until finished. Threads can be used# instead of processes by passing `worker_type=transfer_manager.THREAD`.# workers=8fromgoogle.cloud.storageimportClient,transfer_managerstorage_client=Client()bucket=storage_client.bucket(bucket_name)blob=bucket.blob(destination_blob_name)transfer_manager.upload_chunks_concurrently(source_filename,blob,chunk_size=chunk_size,max_workers=workers)print(f"File {source_filename} uploaded to {destination_blob_name}.")if__name__=="__main__":argparse=argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Upload a file to GCS in chunks concurrently.")argparse.add_argument("--bucket_name",help="The name of the GCS bucket to upload to.")argparse.add_argument("--source_filename",help="The local path to the file to upload.")argparse.add_argument("--destination_blob_name",help="The name of the object in GCS.")argparse.add_argument("--chunk_size",type=int,default=32*1024*1024,help="The size of each chunk in bytes (default: 32 MiB). The remote\ service has a minimum of 5 MiB and a maximum of 5 GiB",)argparse.add_argument("--workers",type=int,default=8,help="The number of worker processes to use (default: 8).",)args=argparse.parse_args()upload_chunks_concurrently(args.bucket_name,args.source_filename,args.destination_blob_name,args.chunk_size,args.workers,)
[[["Es fácil de entender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Me ofreció una solución al problema","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Otro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Es difícil de entender","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["La información o el código de muestra no son correctos","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Me faltan las muestras o la información que necesito","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema de traducción","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Otro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última actualización: 2025-09-11 (UTC)."],[],[],null,["# XML API multipart uploads\n\nThis page discusses XML API multipart uploads in Cloud Storage. This upload\nmethod uploads files in parts and then assembles them into a single object using\na final request. XML API multipart uploads are compatible with Amazon S3\nmultipart uploads.\n| **Note:** Within the [JSON API](/storage/docs/json_api), there is an unrelated [type of single-request upload](/storage/docs/uploads-downloads#uploads) also called a \"multipart upload\".\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nAn *XML API multipart upload* lets you upload data in multiple parts and\nthen assemble them into a final object. This behavior has several advantages,\nparticularly for large files:\n\n- You can upload parts simultaneously, reducing the time it takes to upload the\n data in its entirety.\n\n- If one of the upload operations fails, you only have to re-upload a portion\n of the overall object, instead of restarting from the beginning.\n\n- Since the total file size is not specified in advance, you can use XML API\n multipart uploads for [streaming uploads](/storage/docs/streaming-uploads) or for compressing data\n on-the-fly while uploading.\n\nAn XML API multipart upload has three required steps:\n\n1. [Initiate the upload](/storage/docs/xml-api/post-object-multipart) using a `POST` request, which includes specifying\n any metadata that the completed object should have. The response returns an\n [`UploadId`](/storage/docs/xml-api/reference-headers#uploadid-multipart) that you use in all subsequent requests associated with\n the upload.\n\n2. [Upload the data](/storage/docs/xml-api/put-object-multipart) using one or more `PUT` requests.\n\n3. [Complete the upload](/storage/docs/xml-api/post-object-complete) using a `POST` request. This request overwrites\n any existing object in the bucket with the same name.\n\nThere is no limit to how long a multipart upload and its uploaded parts can\nremain unfinished or idle in a bucket.\n\n- Successfully uploaded parts count toward your [monthly storage usage](/storage/pricing#storage-pricing).\n- You can avoid a buildup of abandoned multipart uploads by using [Object Lifecycle Management](/storage/docs/lifecycle#abort-mpu) to automatically remove multipart uploads when they reach a specified age.\n\nConsiderations\n--------------\n\nThe following limitations apply to using XML API multipart uploads:\n\n- There are [limits](/storage/quotas#requests) to the minimum size a part can be, the maximum size a part can be, and the number of parts used to assemble the completed upload.\n- [Preconditions](/storage/docs/request-preconditions) are not supported in the requests.\n- [MD5 hashes](/storage/docs/metadata#md5) don't exist for objects uploaded using this method.\n- This upload method is not supported in the Google Cloud console or the Google Cloud CLI.\n\nKeep in mind the following when working with XML API multipart uploads:\n\n- XML API multipart uploads have [specific IAM permissions](/storage/docs/access-control/iam-permissions#multipart-uploads).\n If you use [custom IAM roles](/iam/docs/creating-custom-roles), you should ensure those\n roles have the permissions you need.\n\n- While you can initiate an upload and upload parts, the request to\n complete the upload fails if it would overwrite an object that has\n a [hold](/storage/docs/object-holds) on it or an unfulfilled [retention period](/storage/docs/bucket-lock).\n\n- You can [list ongoing uploads](/storage/docs/xml-api/get-bucket-uploads) in a bucket, but only a completed upload\n appears in the normal list of objects in the bucket.\n\n- An uploaded part can be subject to [early deletion charges](/storage/pricing#early-delete) if it is\n never used.\n\nHow client libraries use XML API multipart uploads\n--------------------------------------------------\n\nThis section provides information about performing XML API multipart uploads\nwith client libraries that support it. \n\n### Client libraries\n\n\n### Java\n\n\nFor more information, see the\n[Cloud Storage Java API\nreference documentation](https://cloud.google.com/java/docs/reference/google-cloud-storage/latest/overview).\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Storage, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for client libraries](/storage/docs/authentication#client-libs).\n\nThe Java client library does not support XML API multipart uploads. Instead, use\n[parallel composite uploads](/storage/docs/parallel-composite-uploads).\n\n### Node.js\n\n\nFor more information, see the\n[Cloud Storage Node.js API\nreference documentation](https://cloud.google.com/nodejs/docs/reference/storage/latest).\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Storage, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for client libraries](/storage/docs/authentication#client-libs).\n\nYou can perform XML API multipart uploads using the\n[`uploadFileInChunks`](https://googleapis.dev/nodejs/storage/latest/TransferManager.html#uploadFileInChunks)\nmethod. For example: \n\n /**\n * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.\n */\n // The ID of your GCS bucket\n // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';\n\n // The path of file to upload\n // const filePath = 'path/to/your/file';\n\n // The size of each chunk to be uploaded\n // const chunkSize = 32 * 1024 * 1024;\n\n // Imports the Google Cloud client library\n const {Storage, TransferManager} = require('https://cloud.google.com/nodejs/docs/reference/storage/latest/overview.html');\n\n // Creates a client\n const storage = new Storage();\n\n // Creates a transfer manager client\n const transferManager = new https://cloud.google.com/nodejs/docs/reference/storage/latest/storage/transfermanager.html(storage.bucket(bucketName));\n\n async function uploadFileInChunksWithTransferManager() {\n // Uploads the files\n await transferManager.https://cloud.google.com/nodejs/docs/reference/storage/latest/storage/transfermanager.html(filePath, {\n chunkSizeBytes: chunkSize,\n });\n\n console.log(`${filePath} uploaded to ${bucketName}.`);\n }\n\n uploadFileInChunksWithTransferManager().catch(console.error);\n\n### Python\n\n\nFor more information, see the\n[Cloud Storage Python API\nreference documentation](https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/reference/storage/latest).\n\n\nTo authenticate to Cloud Storage, set up Application Default Credentials.\nFor more information, see\n\n[Set up authentication for client libraries](/storage/docs/authentication#client-libs).\n\nYou can perform XML API multipart uploads using the\n[`upload_chunks_concurrently`](/python/docs/reference/storage/latest/google.cloud.storage.transfer_manager#google_cloud_storage_transfer_manager_upload_chunks_concurrently)\nmethod. For example: \n\n def upload_chunks_concurrently(\n bucket_name,\n source_filename,\n destination_blob_name,\n chunk_size=32 * 1024 * 1024,\n workers=8,\n ):\n \"\"\"Upload a single file, in chunks, concurrently in a process pool.\"\"\"\n # The ID of your GCS bucket\n # bucket_name = \"your-bucket-name\"\n\n # The path to your file to upload\n # source_filename = \"local/path/to/file\"\n\n # The ID of your GCS object\n # destination_blob_name = \"storage-object-name\"\n\n # The size of each chunk. The performance impact of this value depends on\n # the use case. The remote service has a minimum of 5 MiB and a maximum of\n # 5 GiB.\n # chunk_size = 32 * 1024 * 1024 (32 MiB)\n\n # The maximum number of processes to use for the operation. The performance\n # impact of this value depends on the use case. Each additional process\n # occupies some CPU and memory resources until finished. Threads can be used\n # instead of processes by passing `worker_type=transfer_manager.THREAD`.\n # workers=8\n\n from google.cloud.storage import https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/reference/storage/latest/google.cloud.storage.client.Client.html, https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/reference/storage/latest/google.cloud.storage.transfer_manager.html\n\n storage_client = Client()\n bucket = storage_client.https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/reference/storage/latest/google.cloud.storage.client.Client.html#google_cloud_storage_client_Client_bucket(bucket_name)\n blob = bucket.blob(destination_blob_name)\n\n https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/reference/storage/latest/google.cloud.storage.transfer_manager.html.https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/reference/storage/latest/google.cloud.storage.transfer_manager.html(\n source_filename, blob, chunk_size=chunk_size, max_workers=workers\n )\n\n print(f\"File {source_filename} uploaded to {destination_blob_name}.\")\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Explore additional [uploading methods](/storage/docs/uploads-downloads#uploads) for Cloud Storage.\n- Learn about [truncated exponential backoff](/storage/docs/retry-strategy) and when to retry requests."]]