| Name | 
      Management API server permissions | 
      Kubernetes cluster permissions | 
      Escalates to | 
    
    
      | AI OCR Developer | 
      OCR resources: Read and write | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | AI Speech Chirp Developer | 
      Speech Chirp resources: Read and write | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | AI Speech Developer | 
      Speech resources: Read and write | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | AI Text Embedding Developer | 
      Text Embedding resources: Read and write | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | AI Text Embedding Multilingual Developer | 
      Text Embedding Multilingual resources: Read and write | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | AI Translation Developer | 
      Translation resources: Read and write | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Backup Creator | 
      N/A | 
      
        
          - Manual backups and restores: Create, read, and delete
 
          - Backups, restores, backup plans, and restore plans, volume backups, volume restores, delete backup requests: Read
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
    
               
      | Certificate Authority Service Admin | 
      Certificate authorities and certificate requests: Get, list, watch, update, create, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Custom Role Project Admin | 
      
        
            RoleBinding: Create, read, update, and delete 
            - List project namespace
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      All other AO roles | 
    
    
      | Dashboard Editor | 
      Dashboard custom resources: Get, read, create, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Dashboard Viewer | 
      Dashboard: Get and read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Discovery Engine Admin | 
      Discovery Engine: Get, read, create, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Discovery Engine Developer | 
      Discovery Engine: Get and read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Discovery Engine Reader | 
      Discovery Engine: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Global Load Balancer Admin | 
      N/A | 
      
        
          HealthCheck: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          BackendService: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          ForwardingRuleExternal: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          ForwardingRuleInternal: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Harbor Instance Admin | 
      Harbor instances: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Harbor Instance Viewer | 
      Harbor instances: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Harbor Project Creator | 
      Harbor instance projects: Create, get, and watch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | K8s NetworkPolicy Admin | 
      NetworkPolicy resources: Create, read, get, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | KMS Admin | 
      
      
        AEADKey: Create, read, update, delete, patch, encrypt, and decrypt 
        SigningKey: Create, read, update, delete, patch, and sign 
        KeyImport and KeyExport: Read 
       
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | KMS Creator | 
      
        AEADKey and SigningKey: Create and read
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | KMS Developer | 
      
        
          AEADKey in the project namespace: Read, encrypt, and decrypt 
          SigningKey in the project namespace: Read and sign 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
      
      | KMS Key Export Admin | 
      
        KeyExport resource: Create, read, update, patch, and delete
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | KMS Key Import Admin | 
      
        KeyImport resource: Create, read, update, patch, and delete
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | KMS Viewer | 
      
        AEADKey, SigningKey, KeyImport, KeyExport: Read
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
     
      | Load Balancer Admin | 
      N/A | 
      
        
          Backend: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          HealthCheck: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          BackendService: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          ForwardingRuleExternal: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
          ForwardingRuleInternal: Get, watch, list, create, patch, update, and delete 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | LoggingRule Creator | 
      LoggingRule custom resources: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
      
      | LoggingRule Editor | 
      LoggingRule custom resources: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | LoggingRule Viewer | 
      LoggingRule custom resources: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | LoggingTarget Creator | 
      LoggingTarget custom resources: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
      
      | LoggingTarget Editor | 
      LoggingTarget custom resources: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | LoggingTarget Viewer | 
      LoggingTarget custom resources: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Marketplace Editor | 
      N/A | 
      Service instances: Create, update, and delete | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | MonitoringRule Editor | 
      MonitoringRule custom resources: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | MonitoringRule Viewer | 
      MonitoringRule custom resources: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | MonitoringTarget Editor | 
      MonitoringTarget custom resources: Create, read, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | MonitoringTarget Viewer | 
      MonitoringTarget custom resources: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Namespace Admin | 
      N/A | 
      All resources: Read and write access in the project namespace | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | NAT Viewer | 
      N/A | 
      Deployments: Get and read | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | ObservabilityPipeline Editor | 
      ObservabilityPipeline resources: Get, read, create, update, delete, and patch | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | ObservabilityPipeline Viewer | 
      ObservabilityPipeline resources: Get and read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project Bucket Admin | 
      Bucket: Read and write in the project namespace | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project Bucket Object Admin | 
      
        
          - Bucket: Read
 
          - Objects: Read and write
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project Bucket Object Viewer | 
      Bucket and objects: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project IAM Admin | 
      
        
            IAMRoleBinding and IAMRole: Create, read, update, delete, and bind 
            ProjectServiceAccount: Create, read, update, and delete 
            - List project namespace
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      All other AO roles | 
    
    
      | Project NetworkPolicy Admin | 
      Project network policies: Read and write in the project namespace | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project DB Admin | 
      
        
          - Database versions, flags, maintenance policies, software libraries, and database project properties: Read
 
          - Backup plans and database clusters: Create, read, update, and delete
 
          - Imports, exports, and restores: Create, read, and delete
 
          - Secrets: Create, delete, and update
 
          - Migrations and external servers: Create, read, update, delete, and patch
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project DB Editor | 
      
        
          - Database versions, flags, maintenance policies, software libraries, backup plans, and restores: Read
 
          - Imports: Create, read, and delete
 
          - Database clusters: Read and update
 
          - Secrets: Create and delete
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project DB Viewer | 
      Database versions, flags, maintenance policies, software libraries, backup plans, restores, imports, exports, database clusters, and failovers: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project Viewer | 
      All resources in the project namespace: Read | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project VirtualMachine Admin | 
      
        
          - Virtual machines, disks, access requests, external access, backup requests, backups, restore requests, delete backup requests, restores, and password reset requests: Read, create, update, and delete 
 
          - Virtual machine restart: Put
 
          - Virtual machine images, backup plans, and backup plan templates: Read
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Project VirtualMachine Image Admin | 
      
        
          - VM images: Read 
 
          - VM image imports: Read and write
 
          - Buckets: Create
 
          - "vm-images-bucket" Bucket: Read and write
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Secret Admin | 
      
        Kubernetes secrets: Read, create, update, delete, and patch
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Secret Viewer | 
      
        Kubernetes secrets: Read
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Service Configuration Admin | 
      
        ServiceConfigurations: Read and write
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
      
      | Service Configuration Viewer | 
      
        ServiceConfigurations: Read
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Subnet Project Admin | 
      
        Subnets: Create, read, update, and delete.
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Subnet Project Operator | 
      
        Subnets: Create, read, update, and delete.
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
      
      | Vertex AI Prediction User | 
      
        Online Predictions: Read and write
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
          
      | Volume Replication Admin | 
      
        Volume failovers, volume relationship replicas:
        Create, get, list, watch, delete
       | 
      N/A | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Workbench Notebooks Admin | 
      N/A | 
      
        
          - Notebook custom resources (CR) in the project namespace: Create, read, update, and delete
 
          ClusterInfo objects: Read 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Workbench Notebooks Viewer | 
      N/A | 
      
        
          - Notebook custom resources (CR) in the project namespace: Read
 
         
       | 
      N/A | 
    
    
      | Workload Viewer | 
      N/A | 
      
        
          - Pod custom resources in the project namespace: Read
 
          - Deployment custom resources in the project namespace: Read
 
         
       | 
      N/A |