rquery 언어 또는 SQL을 사용하여 동일한 열에서 여러 용어를 검색합니다. 파라미터화된 쿼리에 대한 효율적인 쿼리 캐싱으로 인해 rquery를 사용하는 것이 좋습니다. 더 나은 쿼리 캐시 적중률 외에는 rquery와 SQL 언어의 지연 시간과 성능 비율이 동일합니다.
GoogleSQL
SELECTAlbumIdFROMAlbumsWHERESEARCH(Title_Tokens,'car OR guy')SELECTAlbumIdFROMAlbumsWHERESEARCH(Title_Tokens,'car')ORSEARCH(Title_Tokens,'guy')
PostgreSQL
SELECTalbumidFROMalbumsWHEREspanner.search(title_tokens,'car OR guy')SELECTalbumidFROMalbumsWHEREspanner.search(title_tokens,'car')ORspanner.search(title_tokens,'guy')
같은 쿼리에서 전체 텍스트 검색 함수와 함께 검색 색인으로 가속화된 텍스트가 아닌 조건을 사용할 수도 있습니다.
[[["이해하기 쉬움","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["문제가 해결됨","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["기타","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["이해하기 어려움","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["잘못된 정보 또는 샘플 코드","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["필요한 정보/샘플이 없음","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["번역 문제","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["기타","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["최종 업데이트: 2025-09-03(UTC)"],[],[],null,["# Search multiple columns in search indexes\n\n| **Note:** This feature is available with the Spanner Enterprise edition and Enterprise Plus edition. For more information, see the [Spanner editions overview](/spanner/docs/editions-overview).\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\n[Search indexes](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/search-indexes) can index\nmultiple tokenized columns, making queries on these columns more efficient. This\npage describes how to perform a search on multiple columns, which is a type of\n[full-text search](/spanner/docs/full-text-search).\n\nPerform a multi-column search\n-----------------------------\n\nThe [structure of the search\nindex](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/search-indexes#search-indexes)\nensures that queries don't need a distributed join, ensuring predictable\nperformance of the queries. The distributed join is avoided due to the\ncolocation of all tokens that correspond to a base table row on the same split.\n\nFor example, consider the following schema: \n\n### GoogleSQL\n\n CREATE TABLE Albums (\n AlbumId STRING(MAX) NOT NULL,\n Title STRING(MAX),\n Studio STRING(MAX),\n Title_Tokens TOKENLIST AS (TOKENIZE_FULLTEXT(Title)) HIDDEN,\n Studio_Tokens TOKENLIST AS (TOKENIZE_FULLTEXT(Studio)) HIDDEN\n ) PRIMARY KEY(AlbumId);\n\n CREATE SEARCH INDEX AlbumsIndex ON Albums(Title_Tokens, Studio_Tokens);\n\n### PostgreSQL\n\n CREATE TABLE albums (\n albumid character varying NOT NULL,\n title character varying,\n studio character varying,\n title_tokens spanner.tokenlist\n GENERATED ALWAYS AS (TOKENIZE_FULLTEXT(title)) VIRTUAL HIDDEN,\n studio_tokens spanner.tokenlist\n GENERATED ALWAYS AS (TOKENIZE_FULLTEXT(studio)) VIRTUAL HIDDEN,\n ) PRIMARY KEY(albumid);\n\n CREATE SEARCH INDEX albumsindex ON albums(title_tokens, studio_tokens);\n\nA query can now search two fields: `Title_Tokens` and `Studio_Tokens`. \n\n### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE SEARCH(Title_Tokens, \"fifth symphony\")\n AND SEARCH(Studio_Tokens, \"Blue Note Studio\")\n\n### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE spanner.search(title_tokens, 'fifth symphony')\n AND spanner.search(studio_tokens, 'Blue Note Studio')\n\nSpanner supports multi-column search queries in conjunction,\ndisjunction, and negation operators in the `WHERE` clause. You can use all of\nthe following types of queries with a search index:\n\n- **Conjunction** : Find documents where `Title` has the term \"car\" and\n `Studio` has the term \"sun\".\n\n ### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'car') AND SEARCH(Studio_Tokens, 'sun')\n\n ### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE spanner.search(title_tokens, 'car') AND spanner.search(studio_tokens, 'sun')\n\n- **Disjunction** : Find documents where either `Title` has the term \"car\" or\n `Studio` has the term \"sun\"\n\n ### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'car') OR SEARCH(Studio_Tokens, 'sun')\n\n ### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE spanner.search(title_tokens, 'car') OR spanner.search(studio_tokens, 'sun')\n\n- **Negation** : Find all documents where `Title` doesn't contain the term\n \"car\".\n\n ### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE NOT SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'car')\n\n ### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE NOT spanner.search(title_tokens, 'car')\n\n The [rquery language](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/query-overview#rquery)\n can perform the same type of searches: \n\n ### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE SEARCH(Title_Tokens, '-car')\n\n ### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE spanner.search(title_tokens, '-car')\n\n Both forms filter documents where `Title` is NULL. Tokenization and\n search functions are defined to return NULL on NULL input. SQL defines NOT\n NULL as NULL.\n\nAdditionally, you can reference the same `TOKENLIST` column multiple times. \n\n### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE (SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'car') OR SEARCH(Studio_Tokens, 'sun'))\n AND (SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'guy') OR SEARCH(Studio_Tokens, electric))\n\n### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE (spanner.search(title_tokens, 'car') OR spanner.search(studio_tokens, 'sun'))\n AND (spanner.search(title_tokens, 'guy') OR spanner.search(studio_tokens, 'electric'))\n\nUse either the [rquery language](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/query-overview#rquery)\nor SQL to search for multiple terms in the same column. rquery is recommended\ndue to its efficient query [caching](/spanner/docs/whitepapers/life-of-query#caching)\nfor parameterized queries. Aside from the better query cache hit rate, the\nrquery and SQL languages have the same latency and performance rates. \n\n### GoogleSQL\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'car OR guy')\n\n SELECT AlbumId\n FROM Albums\n WHERE SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'car') OR SEARCH(Title_Tokens, 'guy')\n\n### PostgreSQL\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE spanner.search(title_tokens, 'car OR guy')\n\n SELECT albumid\n FROM albums\n WHERE spanner.search(title_tokens, 'car') OR spanner.search(title_tokens, 'guy')\n\nYou can also use non-text conditions accelerated with search indexes in the same\nquery with full-text search functions.\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Learn about [full-text search queries](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/query-overview).\n- Learn how to [rank search results](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/ranked-search).\n- Learn how to [perform a substring search](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/substring-search).\n- Learn how to [paginate search results](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/paginate-search-results).\n- Learn how to [mix full-text and non-text queries](/spanner/docs/full-text-search/mix-full-text-and-non-text-queries)."]]