Exemple : Environnement standard App Engine pour Java

Cet exemple est une application App Engine, écrite en Java, qui écrit un peu "hello world" de messages vers une instance Bigtable table et les relit. L'application s'exécute sur Google Cloud dans l'environnement standard App Engine. Elle utilise l'environnement d'exécution Java 8. Le code de cette application se trouve dans le dépôt GitHub GoogleCloudPlatform/java-docs-samples, dans le répertoire appengine-java8/bigtable.

Présentation de l'exemple de code

L'exemple de code comprend les classes suivantes :

BigtableHelper

BigtableHelper fournit une méthode pour créer une connexion à Bigtable. Il met également en cache la connexion et fournit une méthode permettant de récupérer la connexion en cache si elle existe. La création d'une connexion est une opération relativement coûteuse. Il est donc recommandé de toujours créer une connexion unique et de la réutiliser.

public static void connect() throws IOException {

  if (PROJECT_ID == null || INSTANCE_ID == null) {
    if (sc != null) {
      sc.log("environment variables BIGTABLE_PROJECT, and BIGTABLE_INSTANCE need to be defined.");
    }
    return;
  }

  connection = BigtableConfiguration.connect(PROJECT_ID, INSTANCE_ID);
}

/**
 * Get the shared connection to Cloud Bigtable.
 *
 * @return the connection
 */
public static Connection getConnection() {
  if (connection == null) {
    try {
      connect();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      if (sc != null) {
        sc.log("connect ", e);
      }
    }
  }
  if (connection == null) {
    if (sc != null) {
      sc.log("BigtableHelper-No Connection");
    }
  }
  return connection;
}

BigtableHelloWorld

BigtableHelloWorld permet d'écrire une série de messages dans Bigtable, puis de les relire et de les afficher. La classe obtient une connexion Bigtable à partir de BigtableHelper, utilise le pour obtenir un objet Table, qui vous permet de lire et d'écrire des valeurs, utilise ensuite l'objet Table pour écrire et lire dans la table.


/**
 * A minimal application that connects to Cloud Bigtable using the native HBase API and performs
 * some basic operations.
 */
public class BigtableHelloWorld {

  // Refer to table metadata names by byte array in the HBase API
  private static final byte[] TABLE_NAME = Bytes.toBytes("Hello-Bigtable");
  private static final byte[] COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME = Bytes.toBytes("cf1");
  private static final byte[] COLUMN_NAME = Bytes.toBytes("greeting");

  // Write some friendly greetings to Cloud Bigtable
  private static final String[] GREETINGS = {
    "Hello World!", "Hello Cloud Bigtable!", "Hello HBase!"
  };

  /**
   * Create a table -- first time only.
   *
   * @param connection to Bigtable
   * @return the status
   */
  public static String create(Connection connection) {
    try {
      // The admin API lets us create, manage and delete tables
      Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

      // Create a table with a single column family
      HTableDescriptor descriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
      descriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME));

      admin.createTable(descriptor);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      return "Table exists.";
    }
    return "Create table " + Bytes.toString(TABLE_NAME);
  }

  /** Connects to Cloud Bigtable, runs some basic operations and prints the results. */
  public static String doHelloWorld() {

    StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();

    // Create the Bigtable connection, use try-with-resources to make sure it gets closed
    Connection connection = BigtableHelper.getConnection();
    result.append(create(connection));
    result.append("<br><br>");
    try (Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME))) {

      // Retrieve the table we just created so we can do some reads and writes

      // Write some rows to the table
      result.append("Write some greetings to the table<br>");
      for (int i = 0; i < GREETINGS.length; i++) {
        // Each row has a unique row key.
        //
        // Note: This example uses sequential numeric IDs for simplicity, but
        // this can result in poor performance in a production application.
        // Since rows are stored in sorted order by key, sequential keys can
        // result in poor distribution of operations across nodes.
        //
        // For more information about how to design a Bigtable schema for the
        // best performance, see the documentation:
        //
        //     https://cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs/schema-design
        String rowKey = "greeting" + i;

        // Put a single row into the table. We could also pass a list of Puts to write a batch.
        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
        put.addColumn(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, Bytes.toBytes(GREETINGS[i]));
        table.put(put);
      }

      // Get the first greeting by row key
      String rowKey = "greeting0";
      Result getResult = table.get(new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)));
      String greeting = Bytes.toString(getResult.getValue(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME));
      result.append("Get a single greeting by row key<br>");

      result.append("     ");
      result.append(rowKey);
      result.append("= ");
      result.append(greeting);
      result.append("<br>");

      // Now scan across all rows.
      Scan scan = new Scan();

      result.append("Scan for all greetings:");
      ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
      for (Result row : scanner) {
        byte[] valueBytes = row.getValue(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME);
        result.append("    ");
        result.append(Bytes.toString(valueBytes));
        result.append("<br>");
      }

    } catch (IOException e) {
      result.append("Exception while running HelloWorld: " + e.getMessage() + "<br>");
      result.append(e.toString());
      return result.toString();
    }

    return result.toString();
  }
}