HBase API untuk Java hello world

Contoh ini adalah aplikasi "halo dunia", yang menggunakan library klien Bigtable HBase untuk Java, yang menggambarkan cara:

  • Menyiapkan autentikasi
  • Menghubungkan ke instance Bigtable.
  • Buat tabel baru.
  • Tulis data ke tabel.
  • Baca kembali data.
  • Hapus tabel.

Menyiapkan autentikasi

Untuk menggunakan contoh Java di halaman ini dalam lingkungan pengembangan lokal, instal dan lakukan inisialisasi gcloud CLI, lalu siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi dengan kredensial pengguna Anda.

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command: 

    gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account: 

    gcloud auth application-default login

    You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

Untuk informasi selengkapnya, lihat Set up authentication for a local development environment.

Menjalankan contoh

Contoh ini menggunakan HBase API untuk berkomunikasi dengan Bigtable. Kode untuk contoh ini ada di repositori GitHub GoogleCloudPlatform/cloud-bigtable-examples, di direktori java/hello-world.

Untuk menjalankan program contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk untuk contoh di GitHub.

Menggunakan HBase API

Aplikasi contoh terhubung ke Bigtable dan menunjukkan beberapa operasi sederhana.

Menginstal dan mengimpor library klien

Contoh ini menggunakan klien Bigtable HBase untuk Java, serta Maven. Lihat petunjuk untuk menggunakan library klien.

Contoh ini menggunakan impor berikut:

import com.google.cloud.bigtable.hbase.BigtableConfiguration;
import java.io.IOException;

Menghubungkan ke Bigtable

Hubungkan ke Bigtable menggunakan class BigtableConfiguration.

// Create the Bigtable connection, use try-with-resources to make sure it gets closed
try (Connection connection = BigtableConfiguration.connect(projectId, instanceId)) {

  // The admin API lets us create, manage and delete tables
  Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

Membuat tabel

Gunakan Admin API untuk membuat tabel.

// Create a table with a single column family
HTableDescriptor descriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
descriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME));

System.out.println("HelloWorld: Create table " + descriptor.getNameAsString());
admin.createTable(descriptor);

Menulis baris ke tabel

Gunakan class Table untuk memasukkan baris ke tabel. Untuk throughput yang lebih baik, pertimbangkan untuk menggunakan class BigtableBufferedMutator.

// Retrieve the table we just created so we can do some reads and writes
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));

// Write some rows to the table
System.out.println("HelloWorld: Write some greetings to the table");
for (int i = 0; i < GREETINGS.length; i++) {
  // Each row has a unique row key.
  //
  // Note: This example uses sequential numeric IDs for simplicity, but
  // this can result in poor performance in a production application.
  // Since rows are stored in sorted order by key, sequential keys can
  // result in poor distribution of operations across nodes.
  //
  // For more information about how to design a Bigtable schema for the
  // best performance, see the documentation:
  //
  //     https://cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs/schema-design
  String rowKey = "greeting" + i;

  // Put a single row into the table. We could also pass a list of Puts to write a batch.
  Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
  put.addColumn(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, Bytes.toBytes(GREETINGS[i]));
  table.put(put);
}

Membaca baris berdasarkan kuncinya

Dapatkan baris secara langsung menggunakan kuncinya.

// Get the first greeting by row key
String rowKey = "greeting0";
Result getResult = table.get(new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)));
String greeting = Bytes.toString(getResult.getValue(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME));
System.out.println("Get a single greeting by row key");
System.out.printf("\t%s = %s\n", rowKey, greeting);

Memindai semua baris tabel

Gunakan class Scan untuk mendapatkan rentang baris.

// Now scan across all rows.
Scan scan = new Scan();

System.out.println("HelloWorld: Scan for all greetings:");
ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for (Result row : scanner) {
  byte[] valueBytes = row.getValue(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME);
  System.out.println('\t' + Bytes.toString(valueBytes));
}

Menghapus tabel

Menghapus tabel menggunakan Admin API.

// Clean up by disabling and then deleting the table
System.out.println("HelloWorld: Delete the table");
admin.disableTable(table.getName());
admin.deleteTable(table.getName());

Menggabungkan semuanya

Berikut adalah contoh lengkapnya tanpa komentar.


package com.example.bigtable;

import com.google.cloud.bigtable.hbase.BigtableConfiguration;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

public class HelloWorld {

  private static final byte[] TABLE_NAME =
      Bytes.toBytes("Hello-Bigtable-" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0, 19));
  private static final byte[] COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME = Bytes.toBytes("cf1");
  private static final byte[] COLUMN_NAME = Bytes.toBytes("greeting");

  private static final String[] GREETINGS = {
    "Hello World!", "Hello Cloud Bigtable!", "Hello HBase!"
  };

  protected static void doHelloWorld(String projectId, String instanceId) {

    try (Connection connection = BigtableConfiguration.connect(projectId, instanceId)) {

      Admin admin = connection.getAdmin();

      try {
        HTableDescriptor descriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
        descriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME));

        System.out.println("HelloWorld: Create table " + descriptor.getNameAsString());
        admin.createTable(descriptor);

        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));

        System.out.println("HelloWorld: Write some greetings to the table");
        for (int i = 0; i < GREETINGS.length; i++) {
          String rowKey = "greeting" + i;

          Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
          put.addColumn(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, Bytes.toBytes(GREETINGS[i]));
          table.put(put);
        }

        String rowKey = "greeting0";
        Result getResult = table.get(new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey)));
        String greeting = Bytes.toString(getResult.getValue(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME));
        System.out.println("Get a single greeting by row key");
        System.out.printf("\t%s = %s\n", rowKey, greeting);

        Scan scan = new Scan();

        System.out.println("HelloWorld: Scan for all greetings:");
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result row : scanner) {
          byte[] valueBytes = row.getValue(COLUMN_FAMILY_NAME, COLUMN_NAME);
          System.out.println('\t' + Bytes.toString(valueBytes));
        }

        System.out.println("HelloWorld: Delete the table");
        admin.disableTable(table.getName());
        admin.deleteTable(table.getName());
      } catch (IOException e) {
        if (admin.tableExists(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME))) {
          System.out.println("HelloWorld: Cleaning up table");
          admin.disableTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
          admin.deleteTable(TableName.valueOf(TABLE_NAME));
        }
        throw e;
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.err.println("Exception while running HelloWorld: " + e.getMessage());
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    String projectId = requiredProperty("bigtable.projectID");
    String instanceId = requiredProperty("bigtable.instanceID");

    doHelloWorld(projectId, instanceId);
  }

  private static String requiredProperty(String prop) {
    String value = System.getProperty(prop);
    if (value == null) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Missing required system property: " + prop);
    }
    return value;
  }
}