Agrega SQLAlchemy 2 y psycopg3 a tu archivo requirements.txt.
psycopg~=3.1.8sqlalchemy~=2.0.1
Especifica postgresql+psycopg, localhost y 5432 como el dialecto, el controlador, el host del servidor y el puerto de la cadena de conexión de SQLAlchemy 2.
psycopg3 requiere un nombre de usuario y una contraseña en la cadena de conexión. PGAdapter los ignora.
De manera opcional, especifica un número de puerto diferente si PGAdapter está configurado para escuchar en un puerto distinto del puerto predeterminado de PostgreSQL (5432).
Usa SQLAlchemy 2 con bases de datos de dialecto PostgreSQL
Para obtener más información sobre las funciones y recomendaciones de SQLAlchemy 2 con bases de datos de dialecto de PostgreSQL, consulta la documentación de referencia en GitHub.
[[["Fácil de comprender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Resolvió mi problema","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Otro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Difícil de entender","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Información o código de muestra incorrectos","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Faltan la información o los ejemplos que necesito","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema de traducción","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Otro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última actualización: 2025-09-05 (UTC)"],[],[],null,["# Integrate Spanner with SQLAlchemy 2 ORM (PostgreSQL dialect)\n\n[SQLAlchemy 2](https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/) is a Python SQL toolkit and Object\nRelational Mapper (ORM).\n\nYou can use the SQLAlchemy 2 ORM in combination with\nthe standard [PostgreSQL psycopg3 driver](https://www.psycopg.org/psycopg3/) and PGAdapter.\n\nSet up SQLAlchemy 2 with Spanner PostgreSQL-dialect databases\n-------------------------------------------------------------\n\n1. Ensure that PGAdapter is running on the same machine as the\n application that is connecting using SQLAlchemy 2 with Spanner.\n\n For more information, see [Start PGAdapter](/spanner/docs/pgadapter-start).\n2. Add SQLAlchemy 2 and psycopg3 to your\n `requirements.txt` file.\n\n psycopg~=3.1.8\n sqlalchemy~=2.0.1\n\n3. Specify `postgresql+psycopg`, `localhost` and `5432` as the database dialect,\n driver, server host and port in the SQLAlchemy 2 connection string.\n psycopg3 requires a username and password in the connection\n string. PGAdapter ignores these.\n\n Optionally, specify a different port number if PGAdapter is\n configured to listen on a port other than the default PostgreSQL\n port (5432). \n\n conn_string = \"postgresql+psycopg://user:password@localhost:5432/my-database\"\n engine = create_engine(conn_string)\n\nSee the [SQLAlchemy 2 with PostgreSQL documentation](https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/dialects/postgresql.html#dialect-postgresql)\nfor more connection options for PostgreSQL.\n\nUse SQLAlchemy 2 with PostgreSQL-dialect databases\n--------------------------------------------------\n\nFor more information about the features and recommendations for\nSQLAlchemy 2 with PostgreSQL-dialect databases, please consult the\n[reference documentation](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/pgadapter/blob/-/samples/python/sqlalchemy2-sample)\non GitHub.\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Check out the [sample-application](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/pgadapter/blob/-/samples/python/sqlalchemy2-sample/sample.py) using SQLAlchemy 2 with PGAdapter and Spanner.\n- Learn more about [SQLAlchemy](https://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/20/).\n- Learn more about [PGAdapter](/spanner/docs/pgadapter).\n- [File a GitHub issue](https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/pgadapter/issues) to report a bug or ask a question about Spanner dialect for SQLAlchemy with PGAdapter."]]