Recupere dados através da recuperação pontual (PITR)

Esta página descreve como usar a recuperação num ponto específico no tempo (PITR) para reter e recuperar dados no Spanner para bases de dados com dialeto GoogleSQL e bases de dados com dialeto PostgreSQL.

Para saber mais, consulte o artigo Recuperação num ponto específico no tempo.

Pré-requisitos

Este guia usa a base de dados e o esquema conforme definidos no início rápido do Spanner. Pode executar o início rápido para criar a base de dados e o esquema, ou modificar os comandos para utilização com a sua própria base de dados.

Defina o período de retenção

Para definir o período de retenção da base de dados:

Consola

  1. Aceda à página Instâncias do Spanner na Google Cloud consola.

    Aceda à página Instâncias do Spanner

  2. Clique na instância que contém a base de dados para abrir a respetiva página Vista geral.

  3. Clique na base de dados para abrir a respetiva página Vista geral.

  4. Selecione o separador Cópia de segurança/restauro.

    Formulário de cópia de segurança/restauro na consola, que mostra o campo Período de retenção da versão definido como 1 hora e um ícone de lápis para editar este valor.

  5. Clique no ícone de lápis no campo Período de retenção de versões.

  6. Introduza uma quantidade e uma unidade de tempo para o período de retenção e, de seguida, clique em Atualizar.

gcloud

Atualize o esquema da base de dados com a declaração ALTER DATABASE. Por exemplo:

gcloud spanner databases ddl update example-db \
    --instance=test-instance \
    --ddl='ALTER DATABASE `example-db` \
    SET OPTIONS (version_retention_period="7d");'

Para ver o período de retenção, obtenha o DDL da sua base de dados:

gcloud spanner databases ddl describe example-db \
    --instance=test-instance

Segue-se o resultado:

ALTER DATABASE example-db SET OPTIONS (
  version_retention_period = '7d'
);
...

Bibliotecas cliente

C#


using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Data;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class CreateDatabaseWithRetentionPeriodAsyncSample
{
    public async Task CreateDatabaseWithRetentionPeriodAsync(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId)
    {
        string connectionString = $"Data Source=projects/{projectId}/instances/{instanceId}";

        using var connection = new SpannerConnection(connectionString);
        var versionRetentionPeriod = "7d";
        var createStatement = $"CREATE DATABASE `{databaseId}`";
        var alterStatement = @$"ALTER DATABASE `{databaseId}` SET OPTIONS
                   (version_retention_period = '{versionRetentionPeriod}')";
        // The retention period cannot be set as part of the CREATE DATABASE statement,
        // but can be set using an ALTER DATABASE statement directly after database creation.
        using var createDbCommand = connection.CreateDdlCommand(
            createStatement,
            alterStatement
        );
        await createDbCommand.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
    }
}

C++

void CreateDatabaseWithVersionRetentionPeriod(
    google::cloud::spanner_admin::DatabaseAdminClient client,
    std::string const& project_id, std::string const& instance_id,
    std::string const& database_id) {
  google::cloud::spanner::Database database(project_id, instance_id,
                                            database_id);
  google::spanner::admin::database::v1::CreateDatabaseRequest request;
  request.set_parent(database.instance().FullName());
  request.set_create_statement("CREATE DATABASE `" + database.database_id() +
                               "`");
  request.add_extra_statements("ALTER DATABASE `" + database.database_id() +
                               "` " +
                               "SET OPTIONS (version_retention_period='2h')");
  request.add_extra_statements(R"""(
      CREATE TABLE Singers (
          SingerId   INT64 NOT NULL,
          FirstName  STRING(1024),
          LastName   STRING(1024),
          SingerInfo BYTES(MAX),
          FullName   STRING(2049)
              AS (ARRAY_TO_STRING([FirstName, LastName], " ")) STORED
      ) PRIMARY KEY (SingerId))""");
  request.add_extra_statements(R"""(
      CREATE TABLE Albums (
          SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,
          AlbumId      INT64 NOT NULL,
          AlbumTitle   STRING(MAX)
      ) PRIMARY KEY (SingerId, AlbumId),
          INTERLEAVE IN PARENT Singers ON DELETE CASCADE)""");
  auto db = client.CreateDatabase(request).get();
  if (!db) throw std::move(db).status();
  std::cout << "Database " << db->name() << " created.\n";

  auto ddl = client.GetDatabaseDdl(db->name());
  if (!ddl) throw std::move(ddl).status();
  std::cout << "Database DDL is:\n" << ddl->DebugString();
}

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"regexp"

	database "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1"
	adminpb "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1/databasepb"
)

func createDatabaseWithRetentionPeriod(ctx context.Context, w io.Writer, db string) error {
	matches := regexp.MustCompile("^(.+)/databases/(.+)$").FindStringSubmatch(db)
	if matches == nil || len(matches) != 3 {
		return fmt.Errorf("createDatabaseWithRetentionPeriod: invalid database id %q", db)
	}

	adminClient, err := database.NewDatabaseAdminClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("createDatabaseWithRetentionPeriod.NewDatabaseAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer adminClient.Close()

	// Create a database with a version retention period of 7 days.
	retentionPeriod := "7d"
	alterDatabase := fmt.Sprintf(
		"ALTER DATABASE `%s` SET OPTIONS (version_retention_period = '%s')",
		matches[2], retentionPeriod,
	)
	req := adminpb.CreateDatabaseRequest{
		Parent:          matches[1],
		CreateStatement: "CREATE DATABASE `" + matches[2] + "`",
		ExtraStatements: []string{
			`CREATE TABLE Singers (
				SingerId   INT64 NOT NULL,
				FirstName  STRING(1024),
				LastName   STRING(1024),
				SingerInfo BYTES(MAX)
			) PRIMARY KEY (SingerId)`,
			`CREATE TABLE Albums (
				SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,
				AlbumId      INT64 NOT NULL,
				AlbumTitle   STRING(MAX)
			) PRIMARY KEY (SingerId, AlbumId),
			INTERLEAVE IN PARENT Singers ON DELETE CASCADE`,
			alterDatabase,
		},
	}
	op, err := adminClient.CreateDatabase(ctx, &req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("createDatabaseWithRetentionPeriod.CreateDatabase: %w", err)
	}
	if _, err := op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("createDatabaseWithRetentionPeriod.Wait: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created database [%s] with version retention period %q\n", db, retentionPeriod)
	return nil
}

Java


import com.google.cloud.spanner.Spanner;
import com.google.cloud.spanner.SpannerException;
import com.google.cloud.spanner.SpannerExceptionFactory;
import com.google.cloud.spanner.SpannerOptions;
import com.google.cloud.spanner.admin.database.v1.DatabaseAdminClient;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.google.spanner.admin.database.v1.CreateDatabaseRequest;
import com.google.spanner.admin.database.v1.Database;
import com.google.spanner.admin.database.v1.InstanceName;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class CreateDatabaseWithVersionRetentionPeriodSample {

  static void createDatabaseWithVersionRetentionPeriod() {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "my-project";
    String instanceId = "my-instance";
    String databaseId = "my-database";
    String versionRetentionPeriod = "7d";

    createDatabaseWithVersionRetentionPeriod(projectId, instanceId, databaseId,
        versionRetentionPeriod);
  }

  static void createDatabaseWithVersionRetentionPeriod(String projectId,
      String instanceId, String databaseId, String versionRetentionPeriod) {
    try (Spanner spanner =
        SpannerOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
        DatabaseAdminClient databaseAdminClient = spanner.createDatabaseAdminClient()) {
      CreateDatabaseRequest request =
          CreateDatabaseRequest.newBuilder()
              .setParent(InstanceName.of(projectId, instanceId).toString())
              .setCreateStatement("CREATE DATABASE `" + databaseId + "`")
              .addAllExtraStatements(Lists.newArrayList("ALTER DATABASE " + "`" + databaseId + "`"
                  + " SET OPTIONS ( version_retention_period = '" + versionRetentionPeriod + "' )"))
              .build();
      Database database =
          databaseAdminClient.createDatabaseAsync(request).get();
      System.out.println("Created database [" + database.getName() + "]");
      System.out.println("\tVersion retention period: " + database.getVersionRetentionPeriod());
      System.out.println("\tEarliest version time: " + database.getEarliestVersionTime());
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      // If the operation failed during execution, expose the cause.
      throw (SpannerException) e.getCause();
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      // Throw when a thread is waiting, sleeping, or otherwise occupied,
      // and the thread is interrupted, either before or during the activity.
      throw SpannerExceptionFactory.propagateInterrupt(e);
    }
  }
}

Node.js


// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Spanner} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'my-project-id';
// const instanceId = 'my-instance';

// creates a client
const spanner = new Spanner({
  projectId: projectId,
});

// Gets a reference to a Cloud Spanner Database Admin Client object
const databaseAdminClient = spanner.getDatabaseAdminClient();

try {
  // Create a new database with an extra statement which will alter the
  // database after creation to set the version retention period.
  console.log(
    `Creating database ${databaseAdminClient.instancePath(
      projectId,
      instanceId,
    )}.`,
  );
  const versionRetentionStatement = `
    ALTER DATABASE \`${databaseId}\`
    SET OPTIONS (version_retention_period = '1d')`;

  const [operation] = await databaseAdminClient.createDatabase({
    createStatement: 'CREATE DATABASE `' + databaseId + '`',
    extraStatements: [versionRetentionStatement],
    parent: databaseAdminClient.instancePath(projectId, instanceId),
  });

  console.log(`Waiting for operation on ${databaseId} to complete...`);
  await operation.promise();
  console.log(`
      Created database ${databaseId} with version retention period.`);

  const [metadata] = await databaseAdminClient.getDatabase({
    name: databaseAdminClient.databasePath(projectId, instanceId, databaseId),
  });

  console.log(`Version retention period: ${metadata.versionRetentionPeriod}`);
  const milliseconds =
    parseInt(metadata.earliestVersionTime.seconds, 10) * 1000 +
    parseInt(metadata.earliestVersionTime.nanos, 10) / 1e6;
  const date = new Date(milliseconds);
  console.log(`Earliest version time: ${date.toString()}`);
} catch (err) {
  console.error('ERROR:', err);
}

PHP

use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\Client\DatabaseAdminClient;
use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\CreateDatabaseRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\GetDatabaseRequest;

/**
 * Creates a database with data retention for Point In Time Restore.
 * Example:
 * ```
 * create_database_with_version_retention_period($projectId, $instanceId, $databaseId, $retentionPeriod);
 * ```
 *
 * @param string $projectId The Google Cloud project ID.
 * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
 * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
 * @param string $retentionPeriod The data retention period for the database.
 */
function create_database_with_version_retention_period(
    string $projectId,
    string $instanceId,
    string $databaseId,
    string $retentionPeriod
): void {
    $databaseAdminClient = new DatabaseAdminClient();
    $instance = $databaseAdminClient->instanceName($projectId, $instanceId);
    $databaseFullName = $databaseAdminClient->databaseName($projectId, $instanceId, $databaseId);

    $operation = $databaseAdminClient->createDatabase(
        new CreateDatabaseRequest([
            'parent' => $instance,
            'create_statement' => sprintf('CREATE DATABASE `%s`', $databaseId),
            'extra_statements' => [
                'CREATE TABLE Singers (' .
                'SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,' .
                'FirstName    STRING(1024),' .
                'LastName     STRING(1024),' .
                'SingerInfo   BYTES(MAX)' .
                ') PRIMARY KEY (SingerId)',
                'CREATE TABLE Albums (' .
                    'SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,' .
                    'AlbumId      INT64 NOT NULL,' .
                    'AlbumTitle   STRING(MAX)' .
                ') PRIMARY KEY (SingerId, AlbumId),' .
                'INTERLEAVE IN PARENT Singers ON DELETE CASCADE',
                "ALTER DATABASE `$databaseId` SET OPTIONS(version_retention_period='$retentionPeriod')"
            ]
        ])
    );

    print('Waiting for operation to complete...' . PHP_EOL);
    $operation->pollUntilComplete();

    $request = new GetDatabaseRequest(['name' => $databaseFullName]);
    $databaseInfo = $databaseAdminClient->getDatabase($request);

    print(sprintf(
        'Database %s created with version retention period %s',
        $databaseInfo->getName(), $databaseInfo->getVersionRetentionPeriod()
    ) . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

def create_database_with_version_retention_period(
    instance_id, database_id, retention_period
):
    """Creates a database with a version retention period."""

    from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1.types import spanner_database_admin

    spanner_client = spanner.Client()
    database_admin_api = spanner_client.database_admin_api
    ddl_statements = [
        "CREATE TABLE Singers ("
        + "  SingerId   INT64 NOT NULL,"
        + "  FirstName  STRING(1024),"
        + "  LastName   STRING(1024),"
        + "  SingerInfo BYTES(MAX)"
        + ") PRIMARY KEY (SingerId)",
        "CREATE TABLE Albums ("
        + "  SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,"
        + "  AlbumId      INT64 NOT NULL,"
        + "  AlbumTitle   STRING(MAX)"
        + ") PRIMARY KEY (SingerId, AlbumId),"
        + "  INTERLEAVE IN PARENT Singers ON DELETE CASCADE",
        "ALTER DATABASE `{}`"
        " SET OPTIONS (version_retention_period = '{}')".format(
            database_id, retention_period
        ),
    ]
    operation = database_admin_api.create_database(
        request=spanner_database_admin.CreateDatabaseRequest(
            parent=database_admin_api.instance_path(
                spanner_client.project, instance_id
            ),
            create_statement="CREATE DATABASE `{}`".format(database_id),
            extra_statements=ddl_statements,
        )
    )

    db = operation.result(30)
    print(
        "Database {} created with version retention period {} and earliest version time {}".format(
            db.name, db.version_retention_period, db.earliest_version_time
        )
    )

    database_admin_api.drop_database(
        spanner_database_admin.DropDatabaseRequest(database=db.name)
    )

Ruby

# project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
# instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
# database_id = "Your Spanner database ID"

require "google/cloud/spanner"
require "google/cloud/spanner/admin/database"

database_admin_client = Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database.database_admin

instance_path = database_admin_client.instance_path project: project_id, instance: instance_id

version_retention_period = "7d"

db_path = database_admin_client.database_path project: project_id,
                                              instance: instance_id,
                                              database: database_id

job = database_admin_client.create_database parent: instance_path,
                                            create_statement: "CREATE DATABASE `#{database_id}`",
                                            extra_statements: [
                                              "CREATE TABLE Singers (
    SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,
    FirstName    STRING(1024),
    LastName     STRING(1024),
    SingerInfo   BYTES(MAX)
  ) PRIMARY KEY (SingerId)",

                                              "CREATE TABLE Albums (
    SingerId     INT64 NOT NULL,
    AlbumId      INT64 NOT NULL,
    AlbumTitle   STRING(MAX)
  ) PRIMARY KEY (SingerId, AlbumId),
  INTERLEAVE IN PARENT Singers ON DELETE CASCADE",

                                              "ALTER DATABASE `#{database_id}`
    SET OPTIONS ( version_retention_period = '#{version_retention_period}' )"
                                            ]

puts "Waiting for create database operation to complete"

job.wait_until_done!
database = database_admin_client.get_database name: db_path

puts "Created database #{database_id} on instance #{instance_id}"
puts "\tVersion retention period: #{database.version_retention_period}"
puts "\tEarliest version time: #{database.earliest_version_time}"

Notas de utilização:

  • O período de retenção tem de ser entre 1 hora e 7 dias e pode ser especificado em dias, horas, minutos ou segundos. Por exemplo, os valores 1d, 24h, 1440m e 86400s são equivalentes.
  • Se tiver ativado o registo para a API Spanner no seu projeto, o evento é registado como UpdateDatabaseDdl e é visível no Explorador de registos.
  • Para reverter para o período de retenção predefinido de 1 hora, pode definir a opção de base de dados version_retention_period como NULL para bases de dados GoogleSQL ou DEFAULT para bases de dados PostgreSQL.
  • Quando prolonga o período de retenção, o sistema não preenche versões anteriores dos dados. Por exemplo, se prolongar o período de retenção de uma hora para 24 horas, tem de aguardar 23 horas para que o sistema acumule dados antigos antes de poder recuperar dados de 24 horas atrás.

Obtenha o período de retenção e a hora da versão mais antiga

O recurso Database inclui dois campos:

  • version_retention_period: o período durante o qual o Spanner retém todas as versões dos dados da base de dados.
  • earliest_version_time: a data/hora mais antiga em que as versões anteriores dos dados podem ser lidas a partir da base de dados. Este valor é atualizado continuamente pelo Spanner e fica desatualizado no momento em que é consultado. Se estiver a usar este valor para recuperar dados, certifique-se de que tem em conta o tempo desde o momento em que o valor é consultado até ao momento em que inicia a recuperação.

Consola

  1. Aceda à página Instâncias do Spanner na Google Cloud consola.

    Aceda à página Instâncias do Spanner

  2. Clique na instância que contém a base de dados para abrir a respetiva página Vista geral.

  3. Clique na base de dados para abrir a respetiva página Vista geral.

  4. Selecione o separador Cópia de segurança/restauro para abrir a página Cópia de segurança/restauro e apresentar o período de retenção.

    Formulário de cópia de segurança/restauro na consola, que mostra o campo Período de retenção da versão definido como 1 hora e um ícone de lápis para editar este valor.

  5. Clique em Criar para abrir a página Criar uma cópia de segurança e apresentar a hora da versão mais antiga.

    Crie o formulário de cópia de segurança na consola com a opção Criar cópia de segurança a partir de um ponto anterior no tempo selecionada e a mostrar a hora da versão mais antiga.

gcloud

Pode obter estes campos chamando describe databases ou list databases. Por exemplo:

gcloud spanner databases describe example-db \
    --instance=test-instance

Segue-se o resultado:

createTime: '2020-09-07T16:56:08.285140Z'
earliestVersionTime: '2020-10-07T16:56:08.285140Z'
name: projects/my-project/instances/test-instance/databases/example-db
state: READY
versionRetentionPeriod: 3d

Recupere uma parte da sua base de dados

  1. Efetue uma leitura desatualizada e especifique a data/hora de recuperação necessária. Certifique-se de que a indicação de tempo especificada é mais recente do que a indicação de tempo earliest_version_time.

    gcloud

    Use execute-sql Por exemplo:

    gcloud spanner databases execute-sql example-db \
        --instance=test-instance
        --read-timestamp=2020-09-11T10:19:36.010459-07:00\
        --sql='SELECT * FROM SINGERS'

    Bibliotecas cliente

    Consulte realizar leitura desatualizada.

  2. Armazenar os resultados da consulta. Isto é necessário porque não pode escrever os resultados da consulta novamente na base de dados na mesma transação. Para pequenas quantidades de dados, pode imprimir na consola ou armazenar na memória. Para quantidades maiores de dados, pode ter de escrever num ficheiro local.

  3. Escreva os dados recuperados novamente na tabela que precisa de ser recuperada. Por exemplo:

    gcloud

    gcloud spanner rows update --instance=test-instance
        --database=example-db --table=Singers \
        --data=SingerId=1,FirstName='Marc'

    Para mais informações, consulte o artigo sobre atualizar dados com o gcloud.

    Bibliotecas cliente

    Para mais informações, consulte os artigos sobre atualizar dados através de DML ou atualizar dados através de mutações.

    Opcionalmente, se quiser fazer alguma análise dos dados recuperados antes de os escrever novamente, pode criar manualmente uma tabela temporária na mesma base de dados, escrever primeiro os dados recuperados nesta tabela temporária, fazer a análise e, em seguida, ler os dados que quer recuperar desta tabela temporária e escrevê-los na tabela que precisa de ser recuperada.

Recupere uma base de dados completa

Pode recuperar toda a base de dados através da opção Cópia de segurança e restauro ou Importar e exportar e especificar uma data/hora de recuperação.

Cópia de segurança e restauro

  1. Crie uma cópia de segurança e defina o version_time para a data/hora de recuperação necessária.

    Consola

    1. Aceda à página Detalhes da base de dados na Cloud Console.

      Aceda à Cloud Console

    2. No separador Cópia de segurança/restauro, clique em Criar.

    3. Selecione a caixa Criar cópia de segurança a partir de um ponto anterior no tempo.

      Crie o formulário de cópia de segurança na consola com a opção Criar cópia de segurança a partir de um ponto anterior no tempo selecionada e a mostrar a hora da versão mais antiga.

    gcloud

    gcloud spanner backups create example-db-backup-1 \
        --instance=test-instance \
        --database=example-db \
        --retention-period=1y \
        --version-time=2021-01-22T01:10:35Z --async

    Para mais informações, consulte o artigo Crie uma cópia de segurança com o gcloud.

    Bibliotecas cliente

    C#

    // Copyright 2020 Google Inc.
    //
    // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
    // You may obtain a copy of the License at
    //
    //     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    //
    // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    // limitations under the License.
    
    
    using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Admin.Database.V1;
    using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Common.V1;
    using Google.LongRunning;
    using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
    using System;
    
    public class CreateBackupSample
    {
        public Backup CreateBackup(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId, string backupId, DateTime versionTime)
        {
            // Create the DatabaseAdminClient instance.
            DatabaseAdminClient databaseAdminClient = DatabaseAdminClient.Create();
    
            // Initialize request parameters.
            Backup backup = new Backup
            {
                DatabaseAsDatabaseName = DatabaseName.FromProjectInstanceDatabase(projectId, instanceId, databaseId),
                ExpireTime = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(14).ToTimestamp(),
                VersionTime = versionTime.ToTimestamp(),
            };
            InstanceName instanceName = InstanceName.FromProjectInstance(projectId, instanceId);
    
            // Make the CreateBackup request.
            Operation<Backup, CreateBackupMetadata> response = databaseAdminClient.CreateBackup(instanceName, backup, backupId);
    
            Console.WriteLine("Waiting for the operation to finish.");
    
            // Poll until the returned long-running operation is complete.
            Operation<Backup, CreateBackupMetadata> completedResponse = response.PollUntilCompleted();
    
            if (completedResponse.IsFaulted)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Error while creating backup: {completedResponse.Exception}");
                throw completedResponse.Exception;
            }
    
            Console.WriteLine($"Backup created successfully.");
    
            // GetBackup to get more information about the created backup.
            BackupName backupName = BackupName.FromProjectInstanceBackup(projectId, instanceId, backupId);
            backup = databaseAdminClient.GetBackup(backupName);
            Console.WriteLine($"Backup {backup.Name} of size {backup.SizeBytes} bytes " +
                          $"was created at {backup.CreateTime} from {backup.Database} " +
                          $"and is in state {backup.State} " +
                          $"and has version time {backup.VersionTime}");
            return backup;
        }
    }
    

    C++

    void CreateBackup(google::cloud::spanner_admin::DatabaseAdminClient client,
                      std::string const& project_id, std::string const& instance_id,
                      std::string const& database_id, std::string const& backup_id,
                      google::cloud::spanner::Timestamp expire_time,
                      google::cloud::spanner::Timestamp version_time) {
      google::cloud::spanner::Database database(project_id, instance_id,
                                                database_id);
      google::spanner::admin::database::v1::CreateBackupRequest request;
      request.set_parent(database.instance().FullName());
      request.set_backup_id(backup_id);
      request.mutable_backup()->set_database(database.FullName());
      *request.mutable_backup()->mutable_expire_time() =
          expire_time.get<google::protobuf::Timestamp>().value();
      *request.mutable_backup()->mutable_version_time() =
          version_time.get<google::protobuf::Timestamp>().value();
      auto backup = client.CreateBackup(request).get();
      if (!backup) throw std::move(backup).status();
      std::cout
          << "Backup " << backup->name() << " of " << backup->database()
          << " of size " << backup->size_bytes() << " bytes as of "
          << google::cloud::spanner::MakeTimestamp(backup->version_time()).value()
          << " was created at "
          << google::cloud::spanner::MakeTimestamp(backup->create_time()).value()
          << ".\n";
    }

    Go

    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"fmt"
    	"io"
    	"regexp"
    	"time"
    
    	database "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1"
    	adminpb "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1/databasepb"
    	pbt "github.com/golang/protobuf/ptypes/timestamp"
    )
    
    func createBackup(ctx context.Context, w io.Writer, db, backupID string, versionTime time.Time) error {
    	// versionTime := time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, -1) // one day ago
    	matches := regexp.MustCompile("^(.+)/databases/(.+)$").FindStringSubmatch(db)
    	if matches == nil || len(matches) != 3 {
    		return fmt.Errorf("createBackup: invalid database id %q", db)
    	}
    
    	adminClient, err := database.NewDatabaseAdminClient(ctx)
    	if err != nil {
    		return fmt.Errorf("createBackup.NewDatabaseAdminClient: %w", err)
    	}
    	defer adminClient.Close()
    
    	expireTime := time.Now().AddDate(0, 0, 14)
    	// Create a backup.
    	req := adminpb.CreateBackupRequest{
    		Parent:   matches[1],
    		BackupId: backupID,
    		Backup: &adminpb.Backup{
    			Database:    db,
    			ExpireTime:  &pbt.Timestamp{Seconds: expireTime.Unix(), Nanos: int32(expireTime.Nanosecond())},
    			VersionTime: &pbt.Timestamp{Seconds: versionTime.Unix(), Nanos: int32(versionTime.Nanosecond())},
    		},
    	}
    	op, err := adminClient.CreateBackup(ctx, &req)
    	if err != nil {
    		return fmt.Errorf("createBackup.CreateBackup: %w", err)
    	}
    	// Wait for backup operation to complete.
    	backup, err := op.Wait(ctx)
    	if err != nil {
    		return fmt.Errorf("createBackup.Wait: %w", err)
    	}
    
    	// Get the name, create time, version time and backup size.
    	backupCreateTime := time.Unix(backup.CreateTime.Seconds, int64(backup.CreateTime.Nanos))
    	backupVersionTime := time.Unix(backup.VersionTime.Seconds, int64(backup.VersionTime.Nanos))
    	fmt.Fprintf(w,
    		"Backup %s of size %d bytes was created at %s with version time %s\n",
    		backup.Name,
    		backup.SizeBytes,
    		backupCreateTime.Format(time.RFC3339),
    		backupVersionTime.Format(time.RFC3339))
    	return nil
    }
    

    Java

    static void createBackup(DatabaseAdminClient dbAdminClient, String projectId, String instanceId,
        String databaseId, String backupId, Timestamp versionTime) {
      // Set expire time to 14 days from now.
      Timestamp expireTime =
          Timestamp.newBuilder().setSeconds(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds((
              System.currentTimeMillis() + TimeUnit.DAYS.toMillis(14)))).build();
      BackupName backupName = BackupName.of(projectId, instanceId, backupId);
      Backup backup = Backup.newBuilder()
          .setName(backupName.toString())
          .setDatabase(DatabaseName.of(projectId, instanceId, databaseId).toString())
          .setExpireTime(expireTime).setVersionTime(versionTime).build();
    
      // Initiate the request which returns an OperationFuture.
      System.out.println("Creating backup [" + backupId + "]...");
      try {
        // Wait for the backup operation to complete.
        backup = dbAdminClient.createBackupAsync(
            InstanceName.of(projectId, instanceId), backup, backupId).get();
        System.out.println("Created backup [" + backup.getName() + "]");
      } catch (ExecutionException e) {
        throw SpannerExceptionFactory.asSpannerException(e);
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        throw SpannerExceptionFactory.propagateInterrupt(e);
      }
    
      // Reload the metadata of the backup from the server.
      backup = dbAdminClient.getBackup(backup.getName());
      System.out.println(
          String.format(
              "Backup %s of size %d bytes was created at %s for version of database at %s",
              backup.getName(),
              backup.getSizeBytes(),
              java.time.OffsetDateTime.ofInstant(
                  Instant.ofEpochSecond(backup.getCreateTime().getSeconds(),
                      backup.getCreateTime().getNanos()), ZoneId.systemDefault()),
              java.time.OffsetDateTime.ofInstant(
                  Instant.ofEpochSecond(backup.getVersionTime().getSeconds(),
                      backup.getVersionTime().getNanos()), ZoneId.systemDefault()))
      );
    }

    Node.js

    
    // Imports the Google Cloud client library and precise date library
    const {Spanner, protos} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');
    const {PreciseDate} = require('@google-cloud/precise-date');
    
    /**
     * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
     */
    // const projectId = 'my-project-id';
    // const instanceId = 'my-instance';
    // const databaseId = 'my-database';
    // const backupId = 'my-backup';
    // const versionTime = Date.now() - 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24; // One day ago
    
    // Creates a client
    const spanner = new Spanner({
      projectId: projectId,
    });
    
    // Gets a reference to a Cloud Spanner Database Admin Client object
    const databaseAdminClient = spanner.getDatabaseAdminClient();
    
    // Creates a new backup of the database
    try {
      console.log(
        `Creating backup of database ${databaseAdminClient.databasePath(
          projectId,
          instanceId,
          databaseId,
        )}.`,
      );
    
      // Expire backup 14 days in the future
      const expireTime = Date.now() + 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24 * 14;
    
      // Create a backup of the state of the database at the current time.
      const [operation] = await databaseAdminClient.createBackup({
        parent: databaseAdminClient.instancePath(projectId, instanceId),
        backupId: backupId,
        backup: (protos.google.spanner.admin.database.v1.Backup = {
          database: databaseAdminClient.databasePath(
            projectId,
            instanceId,
            databaseId,
          ),
          expireTime: Spanner.timestamp(expireTime).toStruct(),
          versionTime: Spanner.timestamp(versionTime).toStruct(),
          name: databaseAdminClient.backupPath(projectId, instanceId, backupId),
        }),
      });
    
      console.log(
        `Waiting for backup ${databaseAdminClient.backupPath(
          projectId,
          instanceId,
          backupId,
        )} to complete...`,
      );
      await operation.promise();
    
      // Verify backup is ready
      const [backupInfo] = await databaseAdminClient.getBackup({
        name: databaseAdminClient.backupPath(projectId, instanceId, backupId),
      });
      if (backupInfo.state === 'READY') {
        console.log(
          `Backup ${backupInfo.name} of size ` +
            `${backupInfo.sizeBytes} bytes was created at ` +
            `${new PreciseDate(backupInfo.createTime).toISOString()} ` +
            'for version of database at ' +
            `${new PreciseDate(backupInfo.versionTime).toISOString()}`,
        );
      } else {
        console.error('ERROR: Backup is not ready.');
      }
    } catch (err) {
      console.error('ERROR:', err);
    } finally {
      // Close the spanner client when finished.
      // The databaseAdminClient does not require explicit closure. The closure of the Spanner client will automatically close the databaseAdminClient.
      spanner.close();
    }

    PHP

    use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\Backup;
    use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\GetBackupRequest;
    use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\Client\DatabaseAdminClient;
    use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\CreateBackupRequest;
    use Google\Protobuf\Timestamp;
    
    /**
     * Create a backup.
     * Example:
     * ```
     * create_backup($projectId, $instanceId, $databaseId, $backupId, $versionTime);
     * ```
     *
     * @param string $projectId The Google Cloud project ID.
     * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
     * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
     * @param string $backupId The Spanner backup ID.
     * @param string $versionTime The version of the database to backup. Read more
     * at https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects.instances.backups#Backup.FIELDS.version_time
     */
    function create_backup(
        string $projectId,
        string $instanceId,
        string $databaseId,
        string $backupId,
        string $versionTime = '-1hour'
    ): void {
        $databaseAdminClient = new DatabaseAdminClient();
        $databaseFullName = DatabaseAdminClient::databaseName($projectId, $instanceId, $databaseId);
        $instanceFullName = DatabaseAdminClient::instanceName($projectId, $instanceId);
        $timestamp = new Timestamp();
        $timestamp->setSeconds((new \DateTime($versionTime))->getTimestamp());
        $expireTime = new Timestamp();
        $expireTime->setSeconds((new \DateTime('+14 days'))->getTimestamp());
        $request = new CreateBackupRequest([
            'parent' => $instanceFullName,
            'backup_id' => $backupId,
            'backup' => new Backup([
                'database' => $databaseFullName,
                'expire_time' => $expireTime,
                'version_time' => $timestamp
            ])
        ]);
    
        $operation = $databaseAdminClient->createBackup($request);
    
        print('Waiting for operation to complete...' . PHP_EOL);
        $operation->pollUntilComplete();
    
        $request = new GetBackupRequest();
        $request->setName($databaseAdminClient->backupName($projectId, $instanceId, $backupId));
        $info = $databaseAdminClient->getBackup($request);
        printf(
            'Backup %s of size %d bytes was created at %d for version of database at %d' . PHP_EOL,
            basename($info->getName()),
            $info->getSizeBytes(),
            $info->getCreateTime()->getSeconds(),
            $info->getVersionTime()->getSeconds());
    }

    Python

    def create_backup(instance_id, database_id, backup_id, version_time):
        """Creates a backup for a database."""
    
        from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1.types import backup as backup_pb
    
        spanner_client = spanner.Client()
        database_admin_api = spanner_client.database_admin_api
    
        # Create a backup
        expire_time = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(days=14)
    
        request = backup_pb.CreateBackupRequest(
            parent=database_admin_api.instance_path(spanner_client.project, instance_id),
            backup_id=backup_id,
            backup=backup_pb.Backup(
                database=database_admin_api.database_path(
                    spanner_client.project, instance_id, database_id
                ),
                expire_time=expire_time,
                version_time=version_time,
            ),
        )
    
        operation = database_admin_api.create_backup(request)
    
        # Wait for backup operation to complete.
        backup = operation.result(2100)
    
        # Verify that the backup is ready.
        assert backup.state == backup_pb.Backup.State.READY
    
        print(
            "Backup {} of size {} bytes was created at {} for version of database at {}".format(
                backup.name, backup.size_bytes, backup.create_time, backup.version_time
            )
        )
    
    

    Ruby

    # project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
    # instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
    # database_id = "Your Spanner database ID"
    # backup_id = "Your Spanner backup ID"
    # version_time = Time.now - 60 * 60 * 24 # 1 day ago
    
    require "google/cloud/spanner"
    require "google/cloud/spanner/admin/database"
    
    database_admin_client = Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database.database_admin
    
    instance_path = database_admin_client.instance_path project: project_id, instance: instance_id
    db_path = database_admin_client.database_path project: project_id,
                                                  instance: instance_id,
                                                  database: database_id
    backup_path = database_admin_client.backup_path project: project_id,
                                                    instance: instance_id,
                                                    backup: backup_id
    expire_time = Time.now + (14 * 24 * 3600) # 14 days from now
    
    job = database_admin_client.create_backup parent: instance_path,
                                              backup_id: backup_id,
                                              backup: {
                                                database: db_path,
                                                  expire_time: expire_time,
                                                  version_time: version_time
                                              }
    
    puts "Backup operation in progress"
    
    job.wait_until_done!
    
    backup = database_admin_client.get_backup name: backup_path
    puts "Backup #{backup_id} of size #{backup.size_bytes} bytes was created at #{backup.create_time} for version of database at #{backup.version_time}"

  2. Restaure a partir da cópia de segurança para uma nova base de dados. Tenha em atenção que o Spanner preserva a definição do período de retenção da cópia de segurança para a base de dados restaurada.

    Consola

    1. Aceda à página Detalhes da instância na Cloud Console.

      Aceda à Cloud Console

    2. No separador Cópia de segurança/restauro, selecione uma cópia de segurança e clique em Restaurar.

    gcloud

    gcloud spanner databases restore --async \
      --destination-instance=destination-instance --destination-database=example-db-restored \
      --source-instance=test-instance --source-backup=example-db-backup-1

    Para mais informações, consulte o artigo Restaurar uma base de dados a partir de uma cópia de segurança.

    Bibliotecas cliente

    C#

    
    using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Admin.Database.V1;
    using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Common.V1;
    using Google.LongRunning;
    using System;
    
    public class RestoreDatabaseSample
    {
        public RestoreInfo RestoreDatabase(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId, string backupId)
        {
            // Create the DatabaseAdminClient instance.
            DatabaseAdminClient databaseAdminClient = DatabaseAdminClient.Create();
    
            InstanceName parentAsInstanceName = InstanceName.FromProjectInstance(projectId, instanceId);
            BackupName backupAsBackupName = BackupName.FromProjectInstanceBackup(projectId, instanceId, backupId);
    
            // Make the RestoreDatabase request.
            Operation<Database, RestoreDatabaseMetadata> response = databaseAdminClient.RestoreDatabase(parentAsInstanceName, databaseId, backupAsBackupName);
    
            Console.WriteLine("Waiting for the operation to finish");
    
            // Poll until the returned long-running operation is complete.
            var completedResponse = response.PollUntilCompleted();
    
            if (completedResponse.IsFaulted)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Database Restore Failed: {completedResponse.Exception}");
                throw completedResponse.Exception;
            }
    
            RestoreInfo restoreInfo = completedResponse.Result.RestoreInfo;
            Console.WriteLine(
                $"Database {restoreInfo.BackupInfo.SourceDatabase} was restored " +
                $"to {databaseId} from backup {restoreInfo.BackupInfo.Backup} " +
                $"with version time {restoreInfo.BackupInfo.VersionTime}");
    
            return restoreInfo;
        }
    }

    C++

    void RestoreDatabase(google::cloud::spanner_admin::DatabaseAdminClient client,
                         std::string const& project_id,
                         std::string const& instance_id,
                         std::string const& database_id,
                         std::string const& backup_id) {
      google::cloud::spanner::Database database(project_id, instance_id,
                                                database_id);
      google::cloud::spanner::Backup backup(database.instance(), backup_id);
      auto restored_db =
          client
              .RestoreDatabase(database.instance().FullName(),
                               database.database_id(), backup.FullName())
              .get();
      if (!restored_db) throw std::move(restored_db).status();
      std::cout << "Database";
      if (restored_db->restore_info().source_type() ==
          google::spanner::admin::database::v1::BACKUP) {
        auto const& backup_info = restored_db->restore_info().backup_info();
        std::cout << " " << backup_info.source_database() << " as of "
                  << google::cloud::spanner::MakeTimestamp(
                         backup_info.version_time())
                         .value();
      }
      std::cout << " restored to " << restored_db->name();
      std::cout << " from backup " << backup.FullName();
      std::cout << ".\n";
    }

    Go

    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"fmt"
    	"io"
    	"regexp"
    
    	database "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1"
    	adminpb "cloud.google.com/go/spanner/admin/database/apiv1/databasepb"
    )
    
    func restoreBackup(ctx context.Context, w io.Writer, db, backupID string) error {
    	adminClient, err := database.NewDatabaseAdminClient(ctx)
    	if err != nil {
    		return err
    	}
    	defer adminClient.Close()
    
    	matches := regexp.MustCompile("^(.*)/databases/(.*)$").FindStringSubmatch(db)
    	if matches == nil || len(matches) != 3 {
    		return fmt.Errorf("Invalid database id %s", db)
    	}
    	instanceName := matches[1]
    	databaseID := matches[2]
    	backupName := instanceName + "/backups/" + backupID
    
    	// Start restoring backup to a new database.
    	restoreOp, err := adminClient.RestoreDatabase(ctx, &adminpb.RestoreDatabaseRequest{
    		Parent:     instanceName,
    		DatabaseId: databaseID,
    		Source: &adminpb.RestoreDatabaseRequest_Backup{
    			Backup: backupName,
    		},
    	})
    	if err != nil {
    		return err
    	}
    	// Wait for restore operation to complete.
    	dbObj, err := restoreOp.Wait(ctx)
    	if err != nil {
    		return err
    	}
    	// Newly created database has restore information.
    	backupInfo := dbObj.RestoreInfo.GetBackupInfo()
    	if backupInfo != nil {
    		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Source database %s restored from backup %s\n", backupInfo.SourceDatabase, backupInfo.Backup)
    	}
    
    	return nil
    }
    

    Java

    static void restoreBackup(
        DatabaseAdminClient dbAdminClient,
        String projectId,
        String instanceId,
        String backupId,
        String restoreToDatabaseId) {
      BackupName backupName = BackupName.of(projectId, instanceId, backupId);
      Backup backup = dbAdminClient.getBackup(backupName);
      // Initiate the request which returns an OperationFuture.
      System.out.println(String.format(
          "Restoring backup [%s] to database [%s]...", backup.getName(), restoreToDatabaseId));
      try {
        RestoreDatabaseRequest request =
            RestoreDatabaseRequest.newBuilder()
                .setParent(InstanceName.of(projectId, instanceId).toString())
                .setDatabaseId(restoreToDatabaseId)
                .setBackup(backupName.toString()).build();
        OperationFuture<com.google.spanner.admin.database.v1.Database, RestoreDatabaseMetadata> op =
            dbAdminClient.restoreDatabaseAsync(request);
        // Wait until the database has been restored.
        com.google.spanner.admin.database.v1.Database db = op.get();
        // Get the restore info.
        RestoreInfo restoreInfo = db.getRestoreInfo();
        BackupInfo backupInfo = restoreInfo.getBackupInfo();
    
        System.out.println(
            "Restored database ["
                + db.getName()
                + "] from ["
                + restoreInfo.getBackupInfo().getBackup()
                + "] with version time [" + backupInfo.getVersionTime() + "]");
      } catch (ExecutionException e) {
        throw SpannerExceptionFactory.newSpannerException(e.getCause());
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        throw SpannerExceptionFactory.propagateInterrupt(e);
      }
    }

    Node.js

    // Imports the Google Cloud client library and precise date library
    const {Spanner} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');
    const {PreciseDate} = require('@google-cloud/precise-date');
    
    /**
     * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
     */
    // const projectId = 'my-project-id';
    // const instanceId = 'my-instance';
    // const databaseId = 'my-database';
    // const backupId = 'my-backup';
    
    // Creates a client
    const spanner = new Spanner({
      projectId: projectId,
    });
    
    // Gets a reference to a Cloud Spanner Database Admin Client object
    const databaseAdminClient = spanner.getDatabaseAdminClient();
    
    // Restore the database
    console.log(
      `Restoring database ${databaseAdminClient.databasePath(
        projectId,
        instanceId,
        databaseId,
      )} from backup ${backupId}.`,
    );
    const [restoreOperation] = await databaseAdminClient.restoreDatabase({
      parent: databaseAdminClient.instancePath(projectId, instanceId),
      databaseId: databaseId,
      backup: databaseAdminClient.backupPath(projectId, instanceId, backupId),
    });
    
    // Wait for restore to complete
    console.log('Waiting for database restore to complete...');
    await restoreOperation.promise();
    
    console.log('Database restored from backup.');
    const [metadata] = await databaseAdminClient.getDatabase({
      name: databaseAdminClient.databasePath(projectId, instanceId, databaseId),
    });
    console.log(
      `Database ${metadata.restoreInfo.backupInfo.sourceDatabase} was restored ` +
        `to ${databaseId} from backup ${metadata.restoreInfo.backupInfo.backup} ` +
        'with version time ' +
        `${new PreciseDate(
          metadata.restoreInfo.backupInfo.versionTime,
        ).toISOString()}.`,
    );

    PHP

    use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\Client\DatabaseAdminClient;
    use Google\Cloud\Spanner\Admin\Database\V1\RestoreDatabaseRequest;
    
    /**
     * Restore a database from a backup.
     * Example:
     * ```
     * restore_backup($projectId, $instanceId, $databaseId, $backupId);
     * ```
     * @param string $projectId The Google Cloud project ID.
     * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
     * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
     * @param string $backupId The Spanner backup ID.
     */
    function restore_backup(
        string $projectId,
        string $instanceId,
        string $databaseId,
        string $backupId
    ): void {
        $databaseAdminClient = new DatabaseAdminClient();
    
        $backupName = DatabaseAdminClient::backupName($projectId, $instanceId, $backupId);
        $instanceName = DatabaseAdminClient::instanceName($projectId, $instanceId);
    
        $request = new RestoreDatabaseRequest([
            'parent' => $instanceName,
            'database_id' => $databaseId,
            'backup' => $backupName
        ]);
    
        $operationResponse = $databaseAdminClient->restoreDatabase($request);
        $operationResponse->pollUntilComplete();
    
        $database = $operationResponse->operationSucceeded() ? $operationResponse->getResult() : null;
        $restoreInfo = $database->getRestoreInfo();
        $backupInfo = $restoreInfo->getBackupInfo();
        $sourceDatabase = $backupInfo->getSourceDatabase();
        $sourceBackup = $backupInfo->getBackup();
        $versionTime = $backupInfo->getVersionTime()->getSeconds();
        printf(
            'Database %s restored from backup %s with version time %s' . PHP_EOL,
            $sourceDatabase, $sourceBackup, $versionTime
        );
    }

    Python

    def restore_database(instance_id, new_database_id, backup_id):
        """Restores a database from a backup."""
        from google.cloud.spanner_admin_database_v1 import RestoreDatabaseRequest
    
        spanner_client = spanner.Client()
        database_admin_api = spanner_client.database_admin_api
    
        # Start restoring an existing backup to a new database.
        request = RestoreDatabaseRequest(
            parent=database_admin_api.instance_path(spanner_client.project, instance_id),
            database_id=new_database_id,
            backup=database_admin_api.backup_path(
                spanner_client.project, instance_id, backup_id
            ),
        )
        operation = database_admin_api.restore_database(request)
    
        # Wait for restore operation to complete.
        db = operation.result(1600)
    
        # Newly created database has restore information.
        restore_info = db.restore_info
        print(
            "Database {} restored to {} from backup {} with version time {}.".format(
                restore_info.backup_info.source_database,
                new_database_id,
                restore_info.backup_info.backup,
                restore_info.backup_info.version_time,
            )
        )
    
    

    Ruby

    # project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
    # instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
    # database_id = "Your Spanner database ID of where to restore"
    # backup_id = "Your Spanner backup ID"
    
    require "google/cloud/spanner"
    require "google/cloud/spanner/admin/database"
    
    database_admin_client = Google::Cloud::Spanner::Admin::Database.database_admin
    
    instance_path = database_admin_client.instance_path project: project_id, instance: instance_id
    
    db_path = database_admin_client.database_path project: project_id,
                                                  instance: instance_id,
                                                  database: database_id
    
    backup_path = database_admin_client.backup_path project: project_id,
                                                    instance: instance_id,
                                                    backup: backup_id
    
    job = database_admin_client.restore_database parent: instance_path,
                                                 database_id: database_id,
                                                 backup: backup_path
    
    puts "Waiting for restore backup operation to complete"
    
    job.wait_until_done!
    
    database = database_admin_client.get_database name: db_path
    restore_info = database.restore_info
    puts "Database #{restore_info.backup_info.source_database} was restored to #{database_id} from backup #{restore_info.backup_info.backup} with version time #{restore_info.backup_info.version_time}"

Importação e exportação

  1. Exporte a base de dados, especificando o parâmetro snapshotTime para a data/hora de recuperação necessária.

    Consola

    1. Aceda à página Detalhes da instância na Cloud Console.

      Aceda à Cloud Console

    2. No separador Importar/Exportar, clique em Exportar.

    3. Selecione a caixa Exportar base de dados de um momento anterior.

      Formulário de exportação de dados na consola, que mostra opções para selecionar um contentor de armazenamento e uma base de dados.

    Para ver instruções detalhadas, consulte o artigo sobre como exportar uma base de dados.

    gcloud

    Use o modelo do Dataflow Spanner para Avro para exportar a base de dados.

    gcloud dataflow jobs run JOB_NAME \
       --gcs-location='gs://cloud-spanner-point-in-time-recovery/Import Export Template/export/templates/Cloud_Spanner_to_GCS_Avro'
       --region=DATAFLOW_REGION \
       --parameters='instanceId=test-instance,databaseId=example-db,outputDir=YOUR_GCS_DIRECTORY,snapshotTime=2020-09-01T23:59:40.125245Z'

    Notas de utilização:

  • Pode acompanhar o progresso das suas tarefas de importação e exportação na consola do Dataflow.
  • O Spanner garante que os dados exportados são externa e transacionalmente consistentes na data/hora especificada.
  • Especifique a data/hora no formato RFC 3339. Por exemplo, 2020-09-01T23:59:30.234233Z.
  • Certifique-se de que a data/hora especificada é mais recente do que a data/hora de atualização da base de dadosearliest_version_time. Se os dados já não existirem na data/hora especificada, recebe um erro.
  1. Importar para uma nova base de dados.

    Consola

    1. Aceda à página Detalhes da instância na Cloud Console.

      Aceda à Cloud Console

    2. No separador Importar/exportar, clique em Importar.

    Para ver instruções detalhadas, consulte o artigo Importar ficheiros Avro do Spanner.

    gcloud

    Use o modelo do Dataflow Cloud Storage Avro to Spanner para importar os ficheiros Avro.

    gcloud dataflow jobs run JOB_NAME \
       --gcs-location='gs://cloud-spanner-point-in-time-recovery/Import Export Template/import/templates/GCS_Avro_to_Cloud_Spanner' \
       --region=DATAFLOW_REGION \
       --staging-location=YOUR_GCS_STAGING_LOCATION \
       --parameters='instanceId=test-instance,databaseId=example-db,inputDir=YOUR_GCS_DIRECTORY'

Estime o aumento do armazenamento

Antes de aumentar o período de retenção de versões de uma base de dados, pode estimar o aumento esperado na utilização do armazenamento da base de dados totalizando os bytes de transação durante o período necessário. Por exemplo, a seguinte consulta calcula o número de GiB escritos nos últimos 7 dias (168 horas) lendo a partir das tabelas de estatísticas de transações.

GoogleSQL

SELECT
  SUM(bytes_per_hour) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024 ) as GiB
FROM (
  SELECT
    ((commit_attempt_count - commit_failed_precondition_count - commit_abort_count) * avg_bytes)
    AS bytes_per_hour, interval_end
  FROM
    spanner_sys.txn_stats_total_hour
  ORDER BY
    interval_end DESC
  LIMIT
    168);

PostgreSQL

SELECT
  bph /  (1024 * 1024 * 1024 ) as GiB
FROM (
  SELECT
    SUM(bytes_per_hour) as bph
  FROM (
    SELECT
      ((commit_attempt_count - commit_failed_precondition_count - commit_abort_count) * avg_bytes)
      AS bytes_per_hour, interval_end
    FROM
      spanner_sys.txn_stats_total_hour
    ORDER BY
      interval_end DESC
    LIMIT
      168)
sub1) sub2;

Tenha em atenção que a consulta fornece uma estimativa aproximada e pode ser imprecisa por alguns motivos:

  • A consulta não tem em conta a data/hora que tem de ser armazenada para cada versão dos dados antigos. Se a sua base de dados consistir em muitos tipos de dados pequenos, a consulta pode subestimar o aumento do armazenamento.
  • A consulta inclui todas as operações de escrita, mas apenas as operações de atualização criam versões anteriores dos dados. Se a sua carga de trabalho incluir muitas operações de inserção, a consulta pode sobrestimar o aumento do armazenamento.