创建非对称密钥

本页面介绍如何创建非对称密钥。您可以使用非对称密钥进行加密或用于签名。

您还可以创建对称加密密钥、Cloud HSM 密钥或 Cloud External Key Manager 密钥。

概览

创建密钥时，您将其添加到给定 Google Cloud 位置中的密钥环。您可以创建新的密钥环，也可以使用现有的密钥环。在本主题中，您将创建一个新的密钥环，并向其添加新密钥。

创建密钥环

请按照以下步骤为新密钥创建密钥环。如果希望改用现有密钥环，则可以创建密钥。

注意：同名密钥环可以位于不同的位置，因此您必须始终指定位置。

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   转到“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击创建密钥环。

3. 在密钥环名称字段中，输入所需的密钥环名称。

4. 在密钥环位置下拉列表中，选择一个位置，例如 "us-east1"。

5. 点击创建。

gcloud CLI

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keyrings create key-ring \
    --location location

将 key-ring 替换为密钥环的名称。将 location 替换为密钥环及其密钥的 Cloud KMS 位置。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

using Google.Api.Gax.ResourceNames;
using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;

public class CreateKeyRingSample
{
    public KeyRing CreateKeyRing(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1",
      string id = "my-key-ring")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent location name.
        LocationName locationName = new LocationName(projectId, locationId);

        // Build the key ring.
        KeyRing keyRing = new KeyRing { };

        // Call the API.
        KeyRing result = client.CreateKeyRing(locationName, id, keyRing);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
)

// createKeyRing creates a new ring to store keys on KMS.
func createKeyRing(w io.Writer, parent, id string) error {
	// parent := "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/global"
	// id := "my-key-ring"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateKeyRingRequest{
		Parent:    parent,
		KeyRingId: id,
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateKeyRing(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key ring: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key ring: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRing;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.LocationName;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateKeyRing {

  public void createKeyRing() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String id = "my-asymmetric-signing-key";
    createKeyRing(projectId, locationId, id);
  }

  // Create a new key ring.
  public void createKeyRing(String projectId, String locationId, String id) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project and location.
      LocationName locationName = LocationName.of(projectId, locationId);

      // Build the key ring to create.
      KeyRing keyRing = KeyRing.newBuilder().build();

      // Create the key ring.
      KeyRing createdKeyRing = client.createKeyRing(locationName, id, keyRing);
      System.out.printf("Created key ring %s%n", createdKeyRing.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const id = 'my-key-ring';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent location name
const locationName = client.locationPath(projectId, locationId);

async function createKeyRing() {
  const [keyRing] = await client.createKeyRing({
    parent: locationName,
    keyRingId: id,
  });

  console.log(`Created key ring: ${keyRing.name}`);
  return keyRing;
}

return createKeyRing();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\KeyRing;

function create_key_ring(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $id = 'my-key-ring'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent location name.
    $locationName = $client->locationName($projectId, $locationId);

    // Build the key ring.
    $keyRing = new KeyRing();

    // Call the API.
    $createdKeyRing = $client->createKeyRing($locationName, $id, $keyRing);
    printf('Created key ring: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdKeyRing->getName());

    return $createdKeyRing;
}

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

def create_key_ring(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id):
    """
    Creates a new key ring in Cloud KMS

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the key ring to create (e.g. 'my-key-ring').

    Returns:
        KeyRing: Cloud KMS key ring.

    """

    # Import the client library.
    from google.cloud import kms

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent location name.
    location_name = f'projects/{project_id}/locations/{location_id}'

    # Build the key ring.
    key_ring = {}

    # Call the API.
    created_key_ring = client.create_key_ring(
        request={'parent': location_name, 'key_ring_id': key_ring_id, 'key_ring': key_ring})
    print('Created key ring: {}'.format(created_key_ring.name))
    return created_key_ring

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# id = "my-key-ring"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent location name.
location_name = client.location_path project: project_id, location: location_id

# Build the key ring.
key_ring = {}

# Call the API.
created_key_ring = client.create_key_ring parent: location_name, key_ring_id: id, key_ring: key_ring
puts "Created key ring: #{created_key_ring.name}"

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/locations/location-id/keyRings?key_ring_id=key-ring-id" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer token"

如需了解详情，请参阅 KeyRing.create API 文档。

创建非对称解密密钥

按照以下步骤在指定的密钥环和位置创建非对称解密密钥。这些示例使用 software 保护级别和 rsa-decrypt-oaep-2048-sha256 算法。如需了解详情和替代值，请参阅算法和保护级别。

首次创建密钥时，密钥初始版本的状态为待生成。当状态变为已启用时，您便可以使用该密钥。如需详细了解密钥版本状态，请参阅密钥状态。

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   转到“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击您要为其创建密钥的密钥环的名称。

3. 点击创建密钥。

4. 在您要创建哪种类型的密钥？中，选择生成的密钥。

5. 在密钥名称字段中，输入密钥的名称。

6. 点击保护级别下拉列表，然后选择软件。

7. 点击用途下拉列表，然后选择非对称解密。

8. 点击算法下拉列表，然后选择 2048 位 RSA - OAEP 填充 - SHA256 Digest。您可以在将来的密钥版本上更改此值。

9. 点击创建。

gcloud CLI

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys create key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location \
    --purpose "asymmetric-encryption" \
    --default-algorithm "rsa-decrypt-oaep-2048-sha256"

将 key 替换为新密钥的名称。将 key-ring 替换为密钥将要存放到的现有密钥环的名称。将 location 替换为密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;

public class CreateKeyAsymmetricDecryptSample
{
    public CryptoKey CreateKeyAsymmetricDecrypt(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring",
      string id = "my-asymmetric-encrypt-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent key ring name.
        KeyRingName keyRingName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Build the key.
        CryptoKey key = new CryptoKey
        {
            Purpose = CryptoKey.Types.CryptoKeyPurpose.AsymmetricDecrypt,
            VersionTemplate = new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate
            {
                Algorithm = CryptoKeyVersion.Types.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.RsaDecryptOaep2048Sha256,
            },

            // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
            DestroyScheduledDuration = new Duration
            {
                Seconds = 24 * 60 * 60,
            }
        };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.CreateCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
)

// createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt creates a new asymmetric RSA encrypt/decrypt key
// pair where the private key is stored in Cloud KMS.
func createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt(w io.Writer, parent, id string) error {
	// parent := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring"
	// id := "my-asymmetric-encryption-key"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateCryptoKeyRequest{
		Parent:      parent,
		CryptoKeyId: id,
		CryptoKey: &kmspb.CryptoKey{
			Purpose: kmspb.CryptoKey_ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT,
			VersionTemplate: &kmspb.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate{
				Algorithm: kmspb.CryptoKeyVersion_RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256,
			},

			// Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
			DestroyScheduledDuration: durationpb.New(24 * time.Hour),
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateCryptoKey(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRingName;
import com.google.protobuf.Duration;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateKeyAsymmetricDecrypt {

  public void createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String id = "my-asymmetric-decryption-key";
    createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, id);
  }

  // Create a new asymmetric key for the purpose of encrypting and decrypting
  // data.
  public void createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String id) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project, location, and key ring.
      KeyRingName keyRingName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Build the asymmetric key to create.
      CryptoKey key =
          CryptoKey.newBuilder()
              .setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose.ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT)
              .setVersionTemplate(
                  CryptoKeyVersionTemplate.newBuilder()
                      .setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256))

              // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
              .setDestroyScheduledDuration(Duration.newBuilder().setSeconds(24 * 60 * 60))
              .build();

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKey createdKey = client.createCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);
      System.out.printf("Created asymmetric key %s%n", createdKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const id = 'my-asymmetric-decrypt-key';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent key ring name
const keyRingName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt() {
  const [key] = await client.createCryptoKey({
    parent: keyRingName,
    cryptoKeyId: id,
    cryptoKey: {
      purpose: 'ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT',
      versionTemplate: {
        algorithm: 'RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256',
      },

      // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before
      // destroying.
      destroyScheduledDuration: {seconds: 60 * 60 * 24},
    },
  });

  console.log(`Created asymmetric key: ${key.name}`);
  return key;
}

return createKeyAsymmetricDecrypt();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey\CryptoKeyPurpose;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersion\CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Protobuf\Duration;

function create_key_asymmetric_decrypt(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $id = 'my-asymmetric-decrypt-key'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent key ring name.
    $keyRingName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Build the key.
    $key = (new CryptoKey())
        ->setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose::ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT)
        ->setVersionTemplate((new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate())
            ->setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm::RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256)
        )

        // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
        ->setDestroyScheduledDuration((new Duration())
            ->setSeconds(24 * 60 * 60)
        );

    // Call the API.
    $createdKey = $client->createCryptoKey($keyRingName, $id, $key);
    printf('Created asymmetric decryption key: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdKey->getName());

    return $createdKey;
}

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

def create_key_asymmetric_decrypt(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id):
    """
    Creates a new asymmetric decryption key in Cloud KMS.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to create (e.g. 'my-asymmetric-decrypt-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Import the client library.
    from google.cloud import kms
    from google.protobuf import duration_pb2
    import datetime

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent key ring name.
    key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id)

    # Build the key.
    purpose = kms.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose.ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT
    algorithm = kms.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256
    key = {
        'purpose': purpose,
        'version_template': {
            'algorithm': algorithm,
        },

        # Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before
        # destroying.
        'destroy_scheduled_duration': duration_pb2.Duration().FromTimedelta(datetime.timedelta(days=1))
    }

    # Call the API.
    created_key = client.create_crypto_key(
        request={'parent': key_ring_name, 'crypto_key_id': key_id, 'crypto_key': key})
    print('Created asymmetric decrypt key: {}'.format(created_key.name))
    return created_key

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# id          = "my-asymmetric-decrypt-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key ring name.
key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Build the key.
key = {
  purpose:          :ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT,
  version_template: {
    algorithm: :RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256
  },

  # Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
  destroy_scheduled_duration: {
    seconds: 24 * 60 * 60
  }
}

# Call the API.
created_key = client.create_crypto_key parent: key_ring_name, crypto_key_id: id, crypto_key: key
puts "Created asymmetric decryption key: #{created_key.name}"

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

通过调用 CryptoKey.create 创建非对称解密密钥。

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/locations/location-id/keyRings/key-ring-id/cryptoKeys?crypto_key_id=crypto-key-id" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer token" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data '{"purpose": "ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT", "versionTemplate": {"algorithm": "algorithm"}}'

将 algorithm 替换为 ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT 操作的相应算法，例如 RSA_DECRYPT_OAEP_2048_SHA256。

创建非对称签名密钥

请按照以下步骤在指定的密钥环和位置上创建非对称签名密钥。这些示例使用 software 保护级别和 rsa-sign-pkcs1-2048-sha256 算法。如需了解详情和替代值，请参阅算法和保护级别。

首次创建密钥时，密钥初始版本的状态为待生成。当状态变为已启用时，您便可以使用该密钥。如需详细了解密钥版本状态，请参阅密钥状态。

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   转到“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击您要为其创建密钥的密钥环的名称。

3. 点击创建密钥。

4. 在您要创建哪种类型的密钥？中，选择生成的密钥。

5. 在密钥名称字段中，输入密钥的名称。

6. 点击保护级别下拉列表，然后选择软件。

7. 点击用途下拉列表，然后选择非对称签名。

8. 点击算法下拉列表，然后选择 2048 位 RSA - PKCS#1 v1.5 填充 - SHA256 Digest。您可以在将来的密钥版本上更改此值。

9. 点击创建。

gcloud CLI

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys create key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location \
    --purpose "asymmetric-signing" \
    --default-algorithm "rsa-sign-pkcs1-2048-sha256"

将 key 替换为密钥的名称。将 key-ring 替换为密钥将要存放到的现有密钥环的名称。将 location 替换为密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;

public class CreateKeyAsymmetricSignSample
{
    public CryptoKey CreateKeyAsymmetricSign(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring",
      string id = "my-asymmetric-signing-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent key ring name.
        KeyRingName keyRingName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Build the key.
        CryptoKey key = new CryptoKey
        {
            Purpose = CryptoKey.Types.CryptoKeyPurpose.AsymmetricSign,
            VersionTemplate = new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate
            {
                Algorithm = CryptoKeyVersion.Types.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.RsaSignPkcs12048Sha256,
            },

            // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
            DestroyScheduledDuration = new Duration
            {
                Seconds = 24 * 60 * 60,
            }
        };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.CreateCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
)

// createKeyAsymmetricSign creates a new asymmetric RSA sign/verify key pair
// where the private key is stored in Cloud KMS.
func createKeyAsymmetricSign(w io.Writer, parent, id string) error {
	// parent := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring"
	// id := "my-asymmetric-signing-key"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateCryptoKeyRequest{
		Parent:      parent,
		CryptoKeyId: id,
		CryptoKey: &kmspb.CryptoKey{
			Purpose: kmspb.CryptoKey_ASYMMETRIC_SIGN,
			VersionTemplate: &kmspb.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate{
				Algorithm: kmspb.CryptoKeyVersion_RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256,
			},

			// Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
			DestroyScheduledDuration: durationpb.New(24 * time.Hour),
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateCryptoKey(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRingName;
import com.google.protobuf.Duration;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateKeyAsymmetricSign {

  public void createKeyAsymmetricSign() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String id = "my-asymmetric-signing-key";
    createKeyAsymmetricSign(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, id);
  }

  // Create a new asymmetric key for the purpose of signing and verifying data.
  public void createKeyAsymmetricSign(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String id) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project, location, and key ring.
      KeyRingName keyRingName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Build the asymmetric key to create.
      CryptoKey key =
          CryptoKey.newBuilder()
              .setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose.ASYMMETRIC_SIGN)
              .setVersionTemplate(
                  CryptoKeyVersionTemplate.newBuilder()
                      .setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256))

              // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
              .setDestroyScheduledDuration(Duration.newBuilder().setSeconds(24 * 60 * 60))
              .build();

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKey createdKey = client.createCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);
      System.out.printf("Created asymmetric key %s%n", createdKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const id = 'my-asymmetric-sign-key';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent key ring name
const keyRingName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function createKeyAsymmetricSign() {
  const [key] = await client.createCryptoKey({
    parent: keyRingName,
    cryptoKeyId: id,
    cryptoKey: {
      purpose: 'ASYMMETRIC_SIGN',
      versionTemplate: {
        algorithm: 'RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256',
      },

      // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before
      // destroying.
      destroyScheduledDuration: {seconds: 60 * 60 * 24},
    },
  });

  console.log(`Created asymmetric key: ${key.name}`);
  return key;
}

return createKeyAsymmetricSign();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey\CryptoKeyPurpose;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersion\CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Protobuf\Duration;

function create_key_asymmetric_sign(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $id = 'my-asymmetric-signing-key'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent key ring name.
    $keyRingName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Build the key.
    $key = (new CryptoKey())
        ->setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose::ASYMMETRIC_SIGN)
        ->setVersionTemplate((new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate())
            ->setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm::RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256)
        )

        // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
        ->setDestroyScheduledDuration((new Duration())
            ->setSeconds(24 * 60 * 60)
        );

    // Call the API.
    $createdKey = $client->createCryptoKey($keyRingName, $id, $key);
    printf('Created asymmetric signing key: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdKey->getName());

    return $createdKey;
}

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

def create_key_asymmetric_sign(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id):
    """
    Creates a new asymmetric signing key in Cloud KMS.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to create (e.g. 'my-asymmetric-signing-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Import the client library.
    from google.cloud import kms
    from google.protobuf import duration_pb2
    import datetime

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent key ring name.
    key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id)

    # Build the key.
    purpose = kms.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose.ASYMMETRIC_SIGN
    algorithm = kms.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256
    key = {
        'purpose': purpose,
        'version_template': {
            'algorithm': algorithm,
        },

        # Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before
        # destroying.
        'destroy_scheduled_duration': duration_pb2.Duration().FromTimedelta(datetime.timedelta(days=1))
    }

    # Call the API.
    created_key = client.create_crypto_key(
        request={'parent': key_ring_name, 'crypto_key_id': key_id, 'crypto_key': key})
    print('Created asymmetric signing key: {}'.format(created_key.name))
    return created_key

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

在 GitHub 上查看 反馈

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# id          = "my-asymmetric-signing-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key ring name.
key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Build the key.
key = {
  purpose:          :ASYMMETRIC_SIGN,
  version_template: {
    algorithm: :RSA_SIGN_PKCS1_2048_SHA256
  },

  # Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
  destroy_scheduled_duration: {
    seconds: 24 * 60 * 60
  }
}

# Call the API.
created_key = client.create_crypto_key parent: key_ring_name, crypto_key_id: id, crypto_key: key
puts "Created asymmetric signing key: #{created_key.name}"

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

通过调用 CryptoKey.create 创建非对称签名密钥。

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/locations/location-id/keyRings/key-ring-id/cryptoKeys?crypto_key_id=crypto-key-id" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer token" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data '{"purpose": "ASYMMETRIC_SIGN", "versionTemplate": {"algorithm": "algorithm"}}'

将 algorithm 替换为 ASYMMETRIC_SIGN 操作的相应算法，例如 RSA_SIGN_PSS_2048_SHA256。

控制对非对称密钥的访问权限

签名者或验证者需要对非对称密钥具有适当的权限或角色。

• 对于将执行签名的用户或服务，授予对非对称密钥的 cloudkms.cryptoKeyVersions.useToSign 权限。

• 对于将检索公钥的用户或服务，授予对非对称密钥的 cloudkms.cryptoKeyVersions.viewPublicKey 权限。进行签名验证时需要公钥。

如需了解 Cloud KMS 版本中的权限和角色，请参阅权限和角色。

后续步骤

• 了解如何创建和验证签名。
• 了解如何使用 RSA 密钥对数据进行加密和解密。
• 了解如何检索公钥。