Dataflow

Unified stream and batch data processing that's serverless, fast, and cost-effective.

New customers get $300 in free credits to spend on Dataflow or other Google Cloud products during the first 90 days.

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Fully managed data processing service
Automated provisioning and management of processing resources
Horizontal autoscaling of worker resources to maximize resource utilization
OSS community-driven innovation with Apache Beam SDK
Reliable and consistent exactly-once processing

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VIDEO

Learn Dataflow in a minute, including how it works and common use cases.

01:48

Benefits

Streaming data analytics with speed

Dataflow enables fast, simplified streaming data pipeline development with lower data latency.

Simplify operations and management

Allow teams to focus on programming instead of managing server clusters as Dataflow’s serverless approach removes operational overhead from data engineering workloads.

Reduce total cost of ownership

Resource autoscaling paired with cost-optimized batch processing capabilities means Dataflow offers virtually limitless capacity to manage your seasonal and spiky workloads without overspending.

Key features

Autoscaling of resources and dynamic work rebalancing

Minimize pipeline latency, maximize resource utilization, and reduce processing cost per data record with data-aware resource autoscaling. Data inputs are partitioned automatically and constantly rebalanced to even out worker resource utilization and reduce the effect of “hot keys” on pipeline performance.

Flexible scheduling and pricing for batch processing

For processing with flexibility in job scheduling time, such as overnight jobs, flexible resource scheduling (FlexRS) offers a lower price for batch processing. These flexible jobs are placed into a queue with a guarantee that they will be retrieved for execution within a six-hour window.

Ready-to-use real-time AI patterns

Enabled through ready-to-use patterns, Dataflow’s real-time AI capabilities allow for real-time reactions with near-human intelligence to large torrents of events. Customers can build intelligent solutions ranging from predictive analytics and anomaly detection to real-time personalization and other advanced analytics use cases.

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Enhance online retail experiences with real-time, personalized offers: Demo

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Customers

Learn from customers using Dataflow

Blog post

How Renault solved scaling and cost challenges with Dataflow and BigQuery.

5-min read

Case study

Dow Jones brings key historical events datasets to life with Dataflow.

5-min read

Case study

Sky updates its big data platform to meet the needs of its next-gen products.

5-min read

Case study

Unity uses Dataflow to transform data into insights, decisions, and products.

46:29

Case study

Craveable Brands cut data costs 75% developing real-time in-store experiences.

5-min read

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What's new

Sign up for Dataflow Prime preview.

Blog post

Google Cloud named a Leader in The Forrester Wave™: Streaming Analytics, Q2 2021 Read the blog

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Blog post

Give your data processing a boost with Dataflow GPU Read the blog

Blog post

Dataflow Prime, bringing efficiency and simplicity to big data processing Read the blog

Video

Capturing real-time value with Stream Analytics Watch video

Blog post

Real-time Change Data Capture for data replication into BigQuery Read the blog

Thumbnail of data flowing from green checkmarks through yellow keys to a blue shield with a white padlock on it in the cloud

Blog post

Streaming analytics now simpler, more cost-effective in Dataflow Read the blog

Documentation

Dataflow quickstart using Python

Set up your Google Cloud project and Python development environment, get the Apache Beam Python SDK and run and modify the WordCount example on the Dataflow service.

Using Dataflow SQL

Create a SQL query and deploy a Dataflow job to run your query from the Dataflow SQL UI.

Installing the Apache Beam SDK

Install the Apache Beam SDK so that you can run your pipelines on the Dataflow service.

Machine learning with Apache Beam and TensorFlow

Preprocess, train, and make predictions on a molecular energy machine learning model, using Apache Beam, Dataflow, and TensorFlow.

Dataflow word count tutorial using Java

In this tutorial, you'll learn the basics of the Cloud Dataflow service by running a simple example pipeline using the Apache Beam Java SDK.

Hands-on labs: Processing Data with Google Cloud Dataflow

Learn how to process a real-time, text-based dataset using Python and Dataflow, then store it in BigQuery.

Hands-on labs: Stream Processing with Pub/Sub and Dataflow

Learn how to use Dataflow to read messages published to a Pub/Sub topic, window the messages by timestamp, and write the messages to Cloud Storage.

Dataflow resources

Find information on pricing, resource quotas, FAQs, and more.

Use cases

Use case

Stream analytics

Google’s stream analytics makes data more organized, useful, and accessible from the instant it’s generated. Built on Dataflow along with Pub/Sub and BigQuery, our streaming solution provisions the resources you need to ingest, process, and analyze fluctuating volumes of real-time data for real-time business insights. This abstracted provisioning reduces complexity and makes stream analytics accessible to both data analysts and data engineers.

Flow across 5 columns, from Trigger, to Ingest, Enrich, Analyze, & Activate. Each column has top and bottom section. In top of Trigger column are edge devices (mobile, web, Data Store, and IoT) which flow to Pub/Sub in Ingest column, and on to Enrich column and Apache Beam / Dataflow Streaming, then down to Analyze and then Activate boxes where it flows back to edge devices in Col 1. From Apache Beam in col 3, flows back and forth to Analyze column, into BigQuery, AI Platform, and Bigtable: all 3 are flowed into by Backfill/ Reprocess - Dataflow Batch. Flow moves from BigQuery to Activate column, into Data Studio, Third-party BI, and Cloud Functions, which flows back to edge devices in column 1. In bottom section of columns, it says Creation Flow: Trigger says “Configure source to push event message to Pub/Sub topic.” Flows to Ingest “Create Pub/Sub Topic and subscription.” To Enrich “Deploy streaming or batch Dataflow job using templates, CLI, or notebooks.” To Analyze “Create dataset, tables, and models to receive stream.” To Activate “Build real-time dashboards and call external APIs.”

Use case

Real-time AI

Dataflow brings streaming events to Google Cloud’s Vertex AI and TensorFlow Extended (TFX) to enable predictive analytics, fraud detection, real-time personalization, and other advanced analytics use cases. TFX uses Dataflow and Apache Beam as the distributed data processing engine to enable several aspects of the ML life cycle, all supported with CI/CD for ML through Kubeflow pipelines.

Pattern

Anomaly detection

Identify and resolve problems in real time with outlier detection for malware, account activity, financial transactions, and more.

Learn more

Pattern

Pattern recognition

Streamline operations and customer experiences with pattern detection on images, videos, and data.

Learn more

Pattern

Predictive forecasting

Forecast time series data streams ranging from user activity to equipment health in order to proactively solve problems.

Learn more

Use case

Sensor and log data processing

Unlock business insights from your global device network with an intelligent IoT platform.

View all technical guides

All features

Vertical autoscaling - new in Dataflow Prime	Dynamically adjusts the compute capacity allocated to each worker based on utilization. Vertical autoscaling works hand in hand with horizontal autoscaling to seamlessly scale workers to best fit the needs of the pipeline.
Right fitting - new in Dataflow Prime	Right fitting creates stage-specific pools of resources that are optimized for each stage to reduce resource wastage.
Smart diagnostics - new in Dataflow Prime	A suite of features including 1) SLO-based data pipeline management, 2) Job visualization capabilities that provide users a visual way to inspect their job graph and identify bottlenecks, 3) Automatic recommendations to identify and tune performance and availability problems.
Streaming Engine	Streaming Engine separates compute from state storage and moves parts of pipeline execution out of the worker VMs and into the Dataflow service back end, significantly improving autoscaling and data latency.
Horizontal autoscaling	Horizontal autoscaling lets the Dataflow service automatically choose the appropriate number of worker instances required to run your job. The Dataflow service may also dynamically reallocate more workers or fewer workers during runtime to account for the characteristics of your job.
Dataflow Shuffle	Service-based Dataflow Shuffle moves the shuffle operation, used for grouping and joining data, out of the worker VMs and into the Dataflow service back end for batch pipelines. Batch pipelines scale seamlessly, without any tuning required, into hundreds of terabytes.
Dataflow SQL	Dataflow SQL lets you use your SQL skills to develop streaming Dataflow pipelines right from the BigQuery web UI. You can join streaming data from Pub/Sub with files in Cloud Storage or tables in BigQuery, write results into BigQuery, and build real-time dashboards using Google Sheets or other BI tools.
Flexible Resource Scheduling (FlexRS)	Dataflow FlexRS reduces batch processing costs by using advanced scheduling techniques, the Dataflow Shuffle service, and a combination of preemptible virtual machine (VM) instances and regular VMs.
Dataflow templates	Dataflow templates allow you to easily share your pipelines with team members and across your organization or take advantage of many Google-provided templates to implement simple but useful data processing tasks. This includes Change Data Capture templates for streaming analytics use cases. With Flex Templates, you can create a template out of any Dataflow pipeline.
Notebooks integration	Iteratively build pipelines from the ground up with Vertex AI Notebooks and deploy with the Dataflow runner. Author Apache Beam pipelines step by step by inspecting pipeline graphs in a read-eval-print-loop (REPL) workflow. Available through Google’s Vertex AI, Notebooks allows you to write pipelines in an intuitive environment with the latest data science and machine learning frameworks.
Real-time change data capture	Synchronize or replicate data reliably and with minimal latency across heterogeneous data sources to power streaming analytics. Extensible Dataflow templates integrate with Datastream to replicate data from Cloud Storage into BigQuery, PostgreSQL, or Cloud Spanner. Apache Beam’s Debezium connector gives an open source option to ingest data changes from MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, and Db2.
Inline monitoring	Dataflow inline monitoring lets you directly access job metrics to help with troubleshooting batch and streaming pipelines. You can access monitoring charts at both the step and worker level visibility and set alerts for conditions such as stale data and high system latency.
Customer-managed encryption keys	You can create a batch or streaming pipeline that is protected with a customer-managed encryption key (CMEK) or access CMEK-protected data in sources and sinks.
Dataflow VPC Service Controls	Dataflow’s integration with VPC Service Controls provides additional security for your data processing environment by improving your ability to mitigate the risk of data exfiltration.
Private IPs	Turning off public IPs allows you to better secure your data processing infrastructure. By not using public IP addresses for your Dataflow workers, you also lower the number of public IP addresses you consume against your Google Cloud project quota.

Pricing

Dataflow jobs are billed per second, based on the actual use of Dataflow batch or streaming workers. Additional resources, such as Cloud Storage or Pub/Sub, are each billed per that service’s pricing.

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