Contrôle des accès avec IAM

Cet article explique comment gérer l'accès aux ressources Cloud KMS.

Présentation

Pour gérer l'accès aux ressources Cloud KMS, telles que les clés et les trousseaux de clés, vous attribuez des rôles Identity and Access Management (IAM). Vous pouvez accorder ou limiter la possibilité d'effectuer des opérations de chiffrement spécifiques, telles que la rotation d'une clé ou le chiffrement de données. Vous pouvez attribuer des rôles IAM sur les éléments suivants :

• Directement sur une clé
• Un trousseau de clés, hérité par toutes les clés de ce trousseau
• Un projet Google Cloud, héritée par toutes les clés du projet
• Un dossier Google Cloud, hérité par toutes les clés de tous les projets du dossier
• Une organisation Google Cloud, héritée par toutes les clés des dossiers de l'organisation

Pour obtenir la liste complète des actions Cloud KMS, ainsi que des rôles et des autorisations IAM, consultez la page Autorisations et rôles. Pour obtenir la liste complète des ressources Cloud KMS et de leurs relations, consultez la page Ressources Cloud KMS.

Avant de commencer

Pour effectuer ces tâches, vous devez disposer d'une autorisation d'administrer les ressources Cloud KMS dans le projet Google Cloud. Le rôle d'administrateur Cloud KMS (roles/cloudkms.admin) inclut les autorisations nécessaires.

1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

3. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

4. Enable the required API.

   Enable the API

5. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

6. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

   gcloud init

7. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   Go to project selector

8. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

9. Enable the required API.

   Enable the API

10. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

11. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

    gcloud init

12. Créez une ressource, comme un trousseau de clés.
13. Obtenez les ID de ressources pour les ressources créées, telles qu'un trousseau de clés, une clé et une version de clé.

Seuls les comptes principaux IAM dotés du rôle de propriétaire (roles/owner) ou d'administrateur Cloud KMS (roles/cloudkms.admin) peuvent accorder ou révoquer l'accès aux ressources Cloud KMS.

Attribuer des rôles sur une ressource

L'exemple suivant accorde un rôle permettant d'accéder à une clé Cloud KMS :

gcloud

Pour utiliser Cloud KMS sur la ligne de commande, commencez par installer ou mettre à jour la dernière version de Google Cloud CLI.

gcloud kms keys add-iam-policy-binding key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location \
    --member principal-type:principal-email \
    --role roles/role

Remplacez key par le nom de la clé. Remplacez key-ring par le nom du trousseau de clés où se trouve la clé. Remplacez location par l'emplacement Cloud KMS du trousseau de clés. Remplacez principal-type et principal-email par le type de compte principal et son adresse e-mail. Remplacez role par le nom du rôle à ajouter.

C#

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement C#, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour C#.

using Google.Cloud.Iam.V1;
using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;

public class IamAddMemberSample
{
    public Policy IamAddMember(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key",
      string member = "user:[e-mail]")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the resource name.
        CryptoKeyName resourceName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // The resource name could also be a key ring.
        // var resourceName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Get the current IAM policy.
        Policy policy = client.IAMPolicyClient.GetIamPolicy(
            new GetIamPolicyRequest
            { 
                ResourceAsResourceName = resourceName
            });

        // Add the member to the policy.
        policy.AddRoleMember("roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter", member);

        // Save the updated IAM policy.
        Policy result = client.IAMPolicyClient.SetIamPolicy(
            new SetIamPolicyRequest
            {
                ResourceAsResourceName = resourceName,
                Policy = policy
            });

        // Return the resulting policy.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Go, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
)

// iamAddMember adds a new IAM member to the Cloud KMS key
func iamAddMember(w io.Writer, name, member string) error {
	// NOTE: The resource name can be either a key or a key ring. If IAM
	// permissions are granted on the key ring, the permissions apply to all keys
	// in the key ring.
	//
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"
	// member := "user:[e-mail]"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Get the current IAM policy.
	handle := client.ResourceIAM(name)
	policy, err := handle.Policy(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get IAM policy: %w", err)
	}

	// Grant the member permissions. This example grants permission to use the key
	// to encrypt data.
	policy.Add(member, "roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter")
	if err := handle.SetPolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save policy: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated IAM policy for %s\n", name)
	return nil
}

Java

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Java et installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IamAddMember {

  public void iamAddMember() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    String member = "user:[e-mail]";
    iamAddMember(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, member);
  }

  // Add the given IAM member to the key.
  public void iamAddMember(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId, String member)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the key version name from the project, location, key ring, key,
      // and key version.
      CryptoKeyName resourceName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // The resource name could also be a key ring.
      // KeyRingName resourceName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Get the current policy.
      Policy policy = client.getIamPolicy(resourceName);

      // Create a new IAM binding for the member and role.
      Binding binding =
          Binding.newBuilder()
              .setRole("roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter")
              .addMembers(member)
              .build();

      // Add the binding to the policy.
      Policy newPolicy = policy.toBuilder().addBindings(binding).build();

      client.setIamPolicy(resourceName, newPolicy);
      System.out.printf("Updated IAM policy for %s%n", resourceName.toString());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Node.js, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const member = 'user:[e-mail]';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the resource name
const resourceName = client.cryptoKeyPath(
  projectId,
  locationId,
  keyRingId,
  keyId
);

// The resource name could also be a key ring.
// const resourceName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function iamAddMember() {
  // Get the current IAM policy.
  const [policy] = await client.getIamPolicy({
    resource: resourceName,
  });

  // Add the member to the policy.
  policy.bindings.push({
    role: 'roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter',
    members: [member],
  });

  // Save the updated policy.
  const [updatedPolicy] = await client.setIamPolicy({
    resource: resourceName,
    policy: policy,
  });

  console.log('Updated policy');
  return updatedPolicy;
}

return iamAddMember();

PHP

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par en apprendre plus sur l'utilisation de PHP sur Google Cloud, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\Binding;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\GetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\SetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;

function iam_add_member(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key',
    string $member = 'user:[e-mail]'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the resource name.
    $resourceName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // The resource name could also be a key ring.
    // $resourceName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Get the current IAM policy.
    $getIamPolicyRequest = (new GetIamPolicyRequest())
        ->setResource($resourceName);
    $policy = $client->getIamPolicy($getIamPolicyRequest);

    // Add the member to the policy.
    $bindings = $policy->getBindings();
    $bindings[] = (new Binding())
        ->setRole('roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter')
        ->setMembers([$member]);
    $policy->setBindings($bindings);

    // Save the updated IAM policy.
    $setIamPolicyRequest = (new SetIamPolicyRequest())
        ->setResource($resourceName)
        ->setPolicy($policy);
    $updatedPolicy = $client->setIamPolicy($setIamPolicyRequest);
    printf('Added %s' . PHP_EOL, $member);

    return $updatedPolicy;
}

Python

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Python, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Python.

from google.cloud import kms
from google.iam.v1 import policy_pb2 as iam_policy


def iam_add_member(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str, member: str
) -> iam_policy.Policy:
    """
    Add an IAM member to a resource.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').
        member (string): Member to add (e.g. 'user:[e-mail]')

    Returns:
        Policy: Updated Cloud IAM policy.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the resource name.
    resource_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # The resource name could also be a key ring.
    # resource_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id);

    # Get the current policy.
    policy = client.get_iam_policy(request={"resource": resource_name})

    # Add the member to the policy.
    policy.bindings.add(
        role="roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter", members=[member]
    )

    # Save the updated IAM policy.
    request = {"resource": resource_name, "policy": policy}

    updated_policy = client.set_iam_policy(request=request)
    print(f"Added {member} to {resource_name}")
    return updated_policy

Ruby

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Ruby, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"
# member      = "user:[e-mail]"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the resource name.
resource_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                       location:   location_id,
                                       key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                       crypto_key: key_id

# The resource name could also be a key ring.
# resource_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Create the IAM client.
iam_client = Google::Cloud::Kms::V1::IAMPolicy::Client.new

# Get the current IAM policy.
policy = iam_client.get_iam_policy resource: resource_name

# Add the member to the policy.
policy.bindings << Google::Iam::V1::Binding.new(
  members: [member],
  role:    "roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter"
)

# Save the updated policy.
updated_policy = iam_client.set_iam_policy resource: resource_name, policy: policy
puts "Added #{member}"

Révoquer l'accès à une ressource

Pour supprimer l'accès d'un compte principal à une clé Cloud KMS, procédez comme suit :

gcloud

Pour utiliser Cloud KMS sur la ligne de commande, commencez par installer ou mettre à jour la dernière version de Google Cloud CLI.

gcloud kms keys remove-iam-policy-binding key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location \
    --member principal-type:principal-email \
    --role roles/role-name

Remplacez key par le nom de la clé. Remplacez key-ring par le nom du trousseau de clés où se trouve la clé. Remplacez location par l'emplacement Cloud KMS du trousseau de clés. Remplacez principal-type et principal-email par le type de compte principal et son adresse e-mail. Remplacez role-name par le nom du rôle à supprimer.

Pour en savoir plus sur toutes les options et valeurs possibles, exécutez la commande avec l'option --help.

C#

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement C#, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour C#.

using Google.Cloud.Iam.V1;
using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;

public class IamRemoveMemberSample
{
    public Policy IamRemoveMember(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key",
      string member = "user:[e-mail]")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the resource name.
        CryptoKeyName resourceName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // The resource name could also be a key ring.
        // var resourceName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Get the current IAM policy.
        Policy policy = client.IAMPolicyClient.GetIamPolicy(
            new GetIamPolicyRequest
            {
                ResourceAsResourceName = resourceName
            });

        // Add the member to the policy.
        policy.RemoveRoleMember("roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter", member);

        // Save the updated IAM policy.
        Policy result = client.IAMPolicyClient.SetIamPolicy(
            new SetIamPolicyRequest
            {
                ResourceAsResourceName = resourceName,
                Policy = policy
            });

        // Return the resulting policy.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Go, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
)

// iamRemoveMember removes the IAM member from the Cloud KMS key, if they exist.
func iamRemoveMember(w io.Writer, name, member string) error {
	// NOTE: The resource name can be either a key or a key ring.
	//
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"
	// member := "user:[e-mail]"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Get the current IAM policy.
	handle := client.ResourceIAM(name)
	policy, err := handle.Policy(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get IAM policy: %w", err)
	}

	// Grant the member permissions. This example grants permission to use the key
	// to encrypt data.
	policy.Remove(member, "roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter")
	if err := handle.SetPolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save policy: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated IAM policy for %s\n", name)
	return nil
}

Java

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Java et installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IamRemoveMember {

  public void iamRemoveMember() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    String member = "user:[e-mail]";
    iamRemoveMember(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, member);
  }

  // Remove the given IAM membership on the resource, if it exists.
  public void iamRemoveMember(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId, String member)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the key version name from the project, location, key ring, key,
      // and key version.
      CryptoKeyName resourceName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // The resource name could also be a key ring.
      // KeyRingName resourceName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Get the current policy.
      Policy policy = client.getIamPolicy(resourceName);

      // Search through the bindings and remove matches.
      String roleToFind = "roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter";
      for (Binding binding : policy.getBindingsList()) {
        if (binding.getRole().equals(roleToFind) && binding.getMembersList().contains(member)) {
          binding.getMembersList().remove(member);
        }
      }

      client.setIamPolicy(resourceName, policy);
      System.out.printf("Updated IAM policy for %s%n", resourceName.toString());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Node.js, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const member = 'user:[e-mail]';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the resource name
const resourceName = client.cryptoKeyPath(
  projectId,
  locationId,
  keyRingId,
  keyId
);

// The resource name could also be a key ring.
// const resourceName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function iamRemoveMember() {
  // Get the current IAM policy.
  const [policy] = await client.getIamPolicy({
    resource: resourceName,
  });

  // Build a new list of policy bindings with the user excluded.
  for (const i in policy.bindings) {
    const binding = policy.bindings[i];
    if (binding.role !== 'roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter') {
      continue;
    }

    const idx = binding.members.indexOf(member);
    if (idx !== -1) {
      binding.members.splice(idx, 1);
    }
  }

  // Save the updated IAM policy.
  const [updatedPolicy] = await client.setIamPolicy({
    resource: resourceName,
    policy: policy,
  });

  console.log('Updated policy');
  return updatedPolicy;
}

return iamRemoveMember();

PHP

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par en apprendre plus sur l'utilisation de PHP sur Google Cloud, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\Binding;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\GetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\Policy;
use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\SetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;

function iam_remove_member(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key',
    string $member = 'user:[e-mail]'
): Policy {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the resource name.
    $resourceName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // The resource name could also be a key ring.
    // $resourceName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Get the current IAM policy.
    $getIamPolicyRequest = (new GetIamPolicyRequest())
        ->setResource($resourceName);
    $policy = $client->getIamPolicy($getIamPolicyRequest);

    // Remove the member from the policy by creating a new policy with everyone
    // but the member to remove.
    $newPolicy = new Policy();
    foreach ($policy->getBindings() as $binding) {
        if ($binding->getRole() !== 'roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter') {
            $newPolicy->getBindings()[] = $binding;
        } else {
            $newBinding = (new Binding())
              ->setRole($binding->getRole());

            $newMembers = [];
            foreach ($binding->getMembers() as $existingMember) {
                if ($member !== $existingMember) {
                    $newMembers[] = $existingMember;
                }
            }

            $newPolicy->getBindings()[] = (new Binding())
              ->setRole($binding->getRole())
              ->setMembers($newMembers);
        }
    }

    // Save the updated IAM policy.
    $setIamPolicyRequest = (new SetIamPolicyRequest())
        ->setResource($resourceName)
        ->setPolicy($newPolicy);
    $updatedPolicy = $client->setIamPolicy($setIamPolicyRequest);
    printf('Removed %s' . PHP_EOL, $member);

    return $updatedPolicy;
}

Python

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Python, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Python.

from google.cloud import kms
from google.iam.v1 import policy_pb2 as iam_policy


def iam_remove_member(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str, member: str
) -> iam_policy.Policy:
    """
    Remove an IAM member from a resource.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').
        member (string): Member to remove (e.g. 'user:[e-mail]')

    Returns:
        Policy: Updated Cloud IAM policy.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the resource name.
    resource_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # The resource name could also be a key ring.
    # resource_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id);

    # Get the current policy.
    policy = client.get_iam_policy(request={"resource": resource_name})

    # Remove the member from the policy.
    for binding in policy.bindings:
        if binding.role == "roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter":
            if member in binding.members:
                binding.members.remove(member)

    # Save the updated IAM policy.
    request = {"resource": resource_name, "policy": policy}
    updated_policy = client.set_iam_policy(request=request)
    print(f"Removed {member} from {resource_name}")
    return updated_policy

Ruby

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Ruby, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"
# member      = "user:[e-mail]"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the resource name.
resource_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                       location:   location_id,
                                       key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                       crypto_key: key_id

# The resource name could also be a key ring.
# resource_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Create the IAM client.
iam_client = Google::Cloud::Kms::V1::IAMPolicy::Client.new

# Get the current IAM policy.
policy = iam_client.get_iam_policy resource: resource_name

# Remove the member from the current bindings
policy.bindings.each do |bind|
  if bind.role == "roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter"
    bind.members.delete member
  end
end

# Save the updated policy.
updated_policy = iam_client.set_iam_policy resource: resource_name, policy: policy
puts "Removed #{member}"

Afficher les autorisations sur une ressource

Pour afficher la stratégie IAM d'une clé Cloud KMS, procédez comme suit :

gcloud

Pour utiliser Cloud KMS sur la ligne de commande, commencez par installer ou mettre à jour la dernière version de Google Cloud CLI.

gcloud kms keys get-iam-policy key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location

Remplacez key par le nom de la clé. Remplacez key-ring par le nom du trousseau de clés où se trouve la clé. Remplacez location par l'emplacement Cloud KMS du trousseau de clés.

Pour en savoir plus sur toutes les options et valeurs possibles, exécutez la commande avec l'option --help.

C#

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement C#, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour C#.

using Google.Cloud.Iam.V1;
using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using System;

public class IamGetPolicySample
{
    public Policy IamGetPolicy(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the resource name.
        CryptoKeyName resourceName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // The resource name could also be a key ring.
        // var resourceName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Get the current IAM policy.
        Policy policy = client.IAMPolicyClient.GetIamPolicy(
            new GetIamPolicyRequest
            {
                ResourceAsResourceName = resourceName
            });

        // Print the policy.
        foreach (Binding b in policy.Bindings)
        {
            String role = b.Role;

            foreach (String member in b.Members)
            {
                // ...
            }
        }

        // Return the policy.
        return policy;
    }
}

Go

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Go, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
)

// iamGetPolicy retrieves and prints the Cloud IAM policy associated with the
// Cloud KMS key.
func iamGetPolicy(w io.Writer, name string) error {
	// NOTE: The resource name can be either a key or a key ring.
	//
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Get the current policy.
	policy, err := client.ResourceIAM(name).Policy(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get IAM policy: %w", err)
	}

	// Print the policy members.
	for _, role := range policy.Roles() {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s\n", role)
		for _, member := range policy.Members(role) {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s\n", member)
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "\n")
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Java et installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import java.io.IOException;

public class IamGetPolicy {

  public void iamGetPolicy() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    iamGetPolicy(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);
  }

  // Get the IAM policy for the given key.
  public void iamGetPolicy(String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the key version name from the project, location, key ring, key,
      // and key version.
      CryptoKeyName resourceName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // The resource name could also be a key ring.
      // KeyRingName resourceName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Get the current policy.
      Policy policy = client.getIamPolicy(resourceName);

      // Print the policy.
      System.out.printf("IAM policy:%n");
      for (Binding binding : policy.getBindingsList()) {
        System.out.printf("%s%n", binding.getRole());
        for (String member : binding.getMembersList()) {
          System.out.printf("- %s%n", member);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Node.js, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const member = 'user:[e-mail]';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the resource name
const resourceName = client.cryptoKeyPath(
  projectId,
  locationId,
  keyRingId,
  keyId
);

// The resource name could also be a key ring.
// const resourceName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function iamGetPolicy() {
  const [policy] = await client.getIamPolicy({
    resource: resourceName,
  });

  for (const binding of policy.bindings) {
    console.log(`Role: ${binding.role}`);
    for (const member of binding.members) {
      console.log(`  - ${member}`);
    }
  }

  return policy;
}

return iamGetPolicy();

PHP

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par en apprendre plus sur l'utilisation de PHP sur Google Cloud, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Iam\V1\GetIamPolicyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;

function iam_get_policy(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the resource name.
    $resourceName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // The resource name could also be a key ring.
    // $resourceName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Get the current IAM policy.
    $getIamPolicyRequest = (new GetIamPolicyRequest())
        ->setResource($resourceName);
    $policy = $client->getIamPolicy($getIamPolicyRequest);

    // Print the policy.
    printf('IAM policy for %s' . PHP_EOL, $resourceName);
    foreach ($policy->getBindings() as $binding) {
        printf('%s' . PHP_EOL, $binding->getRole());

        foreach ($binding->getMembers() as $member) {
            printf('- %s' . PHP_EOL, $member);
        }
    }

    return $policy;
}

Python

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Python, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Python.

from google.cloud import kms
from google.iam.v1 import policy_pb2 as iam_policy


def iam_get_policy(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str
) -> iam_policy.Policy:
    """
    Get the IAM policy for a resource.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').

    Returns:
        Policy: Cloud IAM policy.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the resource name.
    resource_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # The resource name could also be a key ring.
    # resource_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id);

    # Get the current policy.
    policy = client.get_iam_policy(request={"resource": resource_name})

    # Print the policy
    print(f"IAM policy for {resource_name}")
    for binding in policy.bindings:
        print(binding.role)
        for member in binding.members:
            print(f"- {member}")

    return policy

Ruby

Pour exécuter ce code, commencez par configurer un environnement de développement Ruby, puis installez le SDK Cloud KMS pour Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the resource name.
resource_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                       location:   location_id,
                                       key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                       crypto_key: key_id

# The resource name could also be a key ring.
# resource_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Create the IAM client.
iam_client = Google::Cloud::Kms::V1::IAMPolicy::Client.new

# Get the current IAM policy.
policy = iam_client.get_iam_policy resource: resource_name

# Print the policy.
puts "Policy for #{resource_name}"
policy.bindings.each do |bind|
  puts bind.role
  bind.members.each do |member|
    puts "- #{member}"
  end
end

Principe du moindre privilège

Pour appliquer le principe du moindre privilège, accordez l'ensemble d'autorisations le plus limité à l'objet le plus bas de la hiérarchie des ressources.

• Pour accorder à un compte principal des autorisations permettant de chiffrer (mais pas de déchiffrer) des données, accordez le rôle roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypter sur la clé.

• Pour accorder à un compte principal des autorisations de chiffrement et de déchiffrement des données, accordez le rôle roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter sur la clé.

• Pour accorder à un compte principal des autorisations permettant de valider (mais pas de signer) les données, accordez le rôle roles/cloudkms.publicKeyViewer sur la clé.

• Pour accorder à un compte principal des autorisations de signature et de validation des données, accordez le rôle roles/cloudkms.signerVerifier sur la clé.

• Pour accorder à un compte principal l'autorisation de gérer une clé, attribuez le rôle roles/cloudkms.admin sur la clé.

Cette liste n'est pas exhaustive. Consultez la section Autorisations et rôles Cloud KMS pour obtenir la liste complète des autorisations et des rôles.

Hiérarchie et héritage

Des liaisons de stratégies peuvent être spécifiées sur le projet, le trousseau de clés, la clé, la tâche d'importation et les autres ressources Cloud KMS.

Les clés appartiennent à des trousseaux, qui appartiennent eux-mêmes à des projets. Ainsi, un compte principal disposant d'un rôle ou d'une autorisation spécifique de niveau supérieur dans cette hiérarchie hérite des mêmes autorisations sur les ressources enfants associées. Par exemple, un utilisateur disposant du rôle owner sur un projet est également owner sur tous les trousseaux et toutes les clés de ce projet. De même, si un utilisateur obtient le rôle cloudkms.admin sur un trousseau, il dispose des autorisations associées sur toutes les clés de ce trousseau.

L'inverse n'est pas vrai. Autrement dit, un utilisateur qui dispose d'une autorisation sur une clé, mais pas sur le trousseau parent, ne dispose d'aucune autorisation sur ce trousseau.

Remarque :Un utilisateur disposant uniquement d'autorisations sur des trousseaux de clés ou des clés, mais pas sur le projet lui-même, ne pourra pas gérer les ressources de clé dans Google Cloud Console. Pour autoriser l'utilisation de la console Google Cloud, il est possible d'accorder également à cet utilisateur le rôle browser sur le projet (en fonction des exigences de sécurité).

Étape suivante

• En savoir plus sur les autorisations et rôles dans Cloud KMS.
• Créez une clé.
• Chiffrez et déchiffrez des données.