将 Kafka 主题流式传输到 Hive


Apache Kafka 是一个开源分布式流式平台,适用于实时数据流水线和数据集成。它提供了一个高效且可伸缩的流式传输系统,可用于各种应用,包括:

  • 实时分析
  • 流处理
  • 日志汇总
  • 分布式消息传递
  • 事件流式传输

目标

  1. 在包含 ZooKeeper 的 Dataproc 高可用性集群(在本教程中称为“Dataproc Kafka 集群”)上安装 Kafka。

  2. 创建虚构的客户数据,然后将数据发布到 Kafka 主题。

  3. 在 Cloud Storage 中创建 Hive Parquet 和 ORC 表,以接收流式传输的 Kafka 主题数据。

  4. 提交 PySpark 作业,以订阅 Kafka 主题并将其以 Parquet 和 ORC 格式流式传输到 Cloud Storage。

  5. 对流式传输的 Hive 表数据运行查询,以统计流式传输的 Kafka 消息数。

费用

在本文档中,您将使用 Google Cloud 的以下收费组件:

您可使用价格计算器根据您的预计使用情况来估算费用。 Google Cloud 新用户可能有资格申请免费试用

完成本文档中描述的任务后,您可以通过删除所创建的资源来避免继续计费。如需了解详情,请参阅清理

准备工作

如果您尚未创建 Google Cloud 项目,请先创建一个。

  1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
  2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

    Go to project selector

  3. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  4. Enable the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs.

    Enable the APIs

  5. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

    Go to project selector

  6. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

  7. Enable the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs.

    Enable the APIs

  8. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Buckets page.

    Go to Buckets page

  9. Click Create bucket.
  10. On the Create a bucket page, enter your bucket information. To go to the next step, click Continue.
    • For Name your bucket, enter a name that meets the bucket naming requirements.
    • For Choose where to store your data, do the following:
      • Select a Location type option.
      • Select a Location option.
    • For Choose a default storage class for your data, select a storage class.
    • For Choose how to control access to objects, select an Access control option.
    • For Advanced settings (optional), specify an encryption method, a retention policy, or bucket labels.
  11. Click Create.

教程步骤

请按以下步骤创建 Dataproc Kafka 集群,以便将 Kafka 主题以 Parquet 或 ORC 格式读取到 Cloud Storage。

将 Kafka 安装脚本复制到 Cloud Storage

kafka.sh 初始化操作脚本会在 Dataproc 集群上安装 Kafka。

  1. 浏览代码。

    #!/bin/bash
    #    Copyright 2015 Google, Inc.
    #
    #    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    #    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
    #    You may obtain a copy of the License at
    #
    #        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    #
    #    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
    #    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
    #    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
    #    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
    #    limitations under the License.
    #
    # This script installs Apache Kafka (http://kafka.apache.org) on a Google Cloud
    # Dataproc cluster.
    
    set -euxo pipefail
    
    readonly ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/usr/lib/zookeeper
    readonly KAFKA_HOME=/usr/lib/kafka
    readonly KAFKA_PROP_FILE='/etc/kafka/conf/server.properties'
    readonly ROLE="$(/usr/share/google/get_metadata_value attributes/dataproc-role)"
    readonly RUN_ON_MASTER="$(/usr/share/google/get_metadata_value attributes/run-on-master || echo false)"
    readonly KAFKA_ENABLE_JMX="$(/usr/share/google/get_metadata_value attributes/kafka-enable-jmx || echo false)"
    readonly KAFKA_JMX_PORT="$(/usr/share/google/get_metadata_value attributes/kafka-jmx-port || echo 9999)"
    readonly INSTALL_KAFKA_PYTHON="$(/usr/share/google/get_metadata_value attributes/install-kafka-python || echo false)"
    
    # The first ZooKeeper server address, e.g., "cluster1-m-0:2181".
    ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS=''
    # Integer broker ID of this node, e.g., 0
    BROKER_ID=''
    
    function retry_apt_command() {
      cmd="$1"
      for ((i = 0; i < 10; i++)); do
        if eval "$cmd"; then
          return 0
        fi
        sleep 5
      done
      return 1
    }
    
    function recv_keys() {
      retry_apt_command "apt-get install -y gnupg2 &&\
                         apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys B7B3B788A8D3785C"
    }
    
    function update_apt_get() {
      retry_apt_command "apt-get update"
    }
    
    function install_apt_get() {
      pkgs="$@"
      retry_apt_command "apt-get install -y $pkgs"
    }
    
    function err() {
      echo "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z')]: $@" >&2
      return 1
    }
    
    # Returns the list of broker IDs registered in ZooKeeper, e.g., " 0, 2, 1,".
    function get_broker_list() {
      ${KAFKA_HOME}/bin/zookeeper-shell.sh "${ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS}" \
        <<<"ls /brokers/ids" |
        grep '\[.*\]' |
        sed 's/\[/ /' |
        sed 's/\]/,/'
    }
    
    # Waits for zookeeper to be up or time out.
    function wait_for_zookeeper() {
      for i in {1..20}; do
        if "${ZOOKEEPER_HOME}/bin/zkCli.sh" -server "${ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS}" ls /; then
          return 0
        else
          echo "Failed to connect to ZooKeeper ${ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS}, retry ${i}..."
          sleep 5
        fi
      done
      echo "Failed to connect to ZooKeeper ${ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS}" >&2
      exit 1
    }
    
    # Wait until the current broker is registered or time out.
    function wait_for_kafka() {
      for i in {1..20}; do
        local broker_list=$(get_broker_list || true)
        if [[ "${broker_list}" == *" ${BROKER_ID},"* ]]; then
          return 0
        else
          echo "Kafka broker ${BROKER_ID} is not registered yet, retry ${i}..."
          sleep 5
        fi
      done
      echo "Failed to start Kafka broker ${BROKER_ID}." >&2
      exit 1
    }
    
    function install_and_configure_kafka_server() {
      # Find zookeeper list first, before attempting any installation.
      local zookeeper_client_port
      zookeeper_client_port=$(grep 'clientPort' /etc/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg |
        tail -n 1 |
        cut -d '=' -f 2)
    
      local zookeeper_list
      zookeeper_list=$(grep '^server\.' /etc/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg |
        cut -d '=' -f 2 |
        cut -d ':' -f 1 |
        sort |
        uniq |
        sed "s/$/:${zookeeper_client_port}/" |
        xargs echo |
        sed "s/ /,/g")
    
      if [[ -z "${zookeeper_list}" ]]; then
        # Didn't find zookeeper quorum in zoo.cfg, but possibly workers just didn't
        # bother to populate it. Check if YARN HA is configured.
        zookeeper_list=$(bdconfig get_property_value --configuration_file \
          /etc/hadoop/conf/yarn-site.xml \
          --name yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address 2>/dev/null)
      fi
    
      # If all attempts failed, error out.
      if [[ -z "${zookeeper_list}" ]]; then
        err 'Failed to find configured Zookeeper list; try "--num-masters=3" for HA'
      fi
    
      ZOOKEEPER_ADDRESS="${zookeeper_list%%,*}"
    
      # Install Kafka from Dataproc distro.
      install_apt_get kafka-server || dpkg -l kafka-server ||
        err 'Unable to install and find kafka-server.'
    
      mkdir -p /var/lib/kafka-logs
      chown kafka:kafka -R /var/lib/kafka-logs
    
      if [[ "${ROLE}" == "Master" ]]; then
        # For master nodes, broker ID starts from 10,000.
        if [[ "$(hostname)" == *-m ]]; then
          # non-HA
          BROKER_ID=10000
        else
          # HA
          BROKER_ID=$((10000 + $(hostname | sed 's/.*-m-\([0-9]*\)$/\1/g')))
        fi
      else
        # For worker nodes, broker ID is a random number generated less than 10000.
        # 10000 is choosen since the max broker ID allowed being set is 10000.
        BROKER_ID=$((RANDOM % 10000))
      fi
      sed -i 's|log.dirs=/tmp/kafka-logs|log.dirs=/var/lib/kafka-logs|' \
        "${KAFKA_PROP_FILE}"
      sed -i 's|^\(zookeeper\.connect=\).*|\1'${zookeeper_list}'|' \
        "${KAFKA_PROP_FILE}"
      sed -i 's,^\(broker\.id=\).*,\1'${BROKER_ID}',' \
        "${KAFKA_PROP_FILE}"
      echo -e '\nreserved.broker.max.id=100000' >>"${KAFKA_PROP_FILE}"
      echo -e '\ndelete.topic.enable=true' >>"${KAFKA_PROP_FILE}"
    
      if [[ "${KAFKA_ENABLE_JMX}" == "true" ]]; then
        sed -i '/kafka-run-class.sh/i export KAFKA_JMX_OPTS="-Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote=true -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=localhost -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"' /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
        sed -i "/kafka-run-class.sh/i export JMX_PORT=${KAFKA_JMX_PORT}" /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
      fi
    
      wait_for_zookeeper
    
      # Start Kafka.
      service kafka-server restart
    
      wait_for_kafka
    }
    
    function install_kafka_python_package() {
      KAFKA_PYTHON_PACKAGE="kafka-python==2.0.2"
      if [[ "${INSTALL_KAFKA_PYTHON}" != "true" ]]; then
        return
      fi
    
      if [[ "$(echo "${DATAPROC_IMAGE_VERSION} > 2.0" | bc)" -eq 1 ]]; then
        /opt/conda/default/bin/pip install "${KAFKA_PYTHON_PACKAGE}" || { sleep 10; /opt/conda/default/bin/pip install "${KAFKA_PYTHON_PACKAGE}"; }
      else
        OS=$(. /etc/os-release && echo "${ID}")
        if [[ "${OS}" == "rocky" ]]; then
          yum install -y python2-pip
        else
          apt-get install -y python-pip
        fi
        pip2 install "${KAFKA_PYTHON_PACKAGE}" || { sleep 10; pip2 install "${KAFKA_PYTHON_PACKAGE}"; } || { sleep 10; pip install "${KAFKA_PYTHON_PACKAGE}"; }
      fi
    }
    
    function remove_old_backports {
      # This script uses 'apt-get update' and is therefore potentially dependent on
      # backports repositories which have been archived.  In order to mitigate this
      # problem, we will remove any reference to backports repos older than oldstable
    
      # https://github.com/GoogleCloudDataproc/initialization-actions/issues/1157
      oldstable=$(curl -s https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/oldstable/Release | awk '/^Codename/ {print $2}');
      stable=$(curl -s https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/Release | awk '/^Codename/ {print $2}');
    
      matched_files="$(grep -rsil '\-backports' /etc/apt/sources.list*)"
      if [[ -n "$matched_files" ]]; then
        for filename in "$matched_files"; do
          grep -e "$oldstable-backports" -e "$stable-backports" "$filename" || \
            sed -i -e 's/^.*-backports.*$//' "$filename"
        done
      fi
    }
    
    function main() {
      OS=$(. /etc/os-release && echo "${ID}")
      if [[ ${OS} == debian ]] && [[ $(echo "${DATAPROC_IMAGE_VERSION} <= 2.1" | bc -l) == 1 ]]; then
        remove_old_backports
      fi
      recv_keys || err 'Unable to receive keys.'
      update_apt_get || err 'Unable to update packages lists.'
      install_kafka_python_package
    
      # Only run the installation on workers; verify zookeeper on master(s).
      if [[ "${ROLE}" == 'Master' ]]; then
        service zookeeper-server status ||
          err 'Required zookeeper-server not running on master!'
        if [[ "${RUN_ON_MASTER}" == "true" ]]; then
          # Run installation on masters.
          install_and_configure_kafka_server
        else
          # On master nodes, just install kafka command-line tools and libs but not
          # kafka-server.
          install_apt_get kafka ||
            err 'Unable to install kafka libraries on master!'
        fi
      else
        # Run installation on workers.
        install_and_configure_kafka_server
      fi
    }
    
    main
    

  2. kafka.sh 初始化操作脚本复制到您的 Cloud Storage 存储桶。此脚本会在 Dataproc 集群上安装 Kafka。

    1. 打开 Cloud Shell,然后运行以下命令:

      gcloud storage cp gs://goog-dataproc-initialization-actions-REGION/kafka/kafka.sh gs://BUCKET_NAME/scripts/
      

      进行以下替换:

      • REGIONkafka.sh 存储在 Cloud Storage 中带有地区标记的公共存储分区中。指定地理位置上靠近的 Compute Engine 区域(例如 us-central1)。
      • BUCKET_NAME - Cloud Storage 存储桶的名称。

创建 Dataproc Kafka 集群

  1. 打开 Cloud Shell,然后运行以下 gcloud dataproc clusters create 命令,创建一个会安装 Kafka 和 ZooKeeper 组件的 Dataproc 高可用性集群

    gcloud dataproc clusters create KAFKA_CLUSTER \
        --project=PROJECT_ID \
        --region=REGION \
        --image-version=2.1-debian11 \
        --num-masters=3 \
        --enable-component-gateway \
        --initialization-actions=gs://BUCKET_NAME/scripts/kafka.sh
    

    注意:

    • KAFKA_CLUSTER:集群名称,在项目中必须是唯一的。名称必须以小写字母开头,最多可包含 51 个小写字母、数字和连字符。不得以连字符结尾。已删除的集群的名称可以重复使用。
    • PROJECT_ID:要与此集群关联的项目。
    • REGION:集群所在的 Compute Engine 区域,例如 us-central1
      • 您可以添加可选的 --zone=ZONE 标志,以指定指定区域内的可用区,例如 us-central1-a。如果您未指定可用区,Dataproc 自动选择可用区展示位置功能会选择包含指定区域的可用区。
    • --image-version:建议使用 Dataproc 映像版本 2.1-debian11 学习本教程。注意:每个映像版本都包含一组预安装的组件,包括本教程中使用的 Hive 组件(请参阅支持的 Dataproc 映像版本)。
    • --num-master3 主节点创建一个高可用性集群。Kafka 所需的 ZooKeeper 组件已预安装在高可用性集群上。
    • --enable-component-gateway:启用 Dataproc 组件网关
    • BUCKET_NAME:包含 /scripts/kafka.sh 初始化脚本的 Cloud Storage 存储桶的名称(请参阅将 Kafka 安装脚本复制到 Cloud Storage)。

创建 Kafka custdata 主题

如需在 Dataproc Kafka 集群上创建 Kafka 主题,请执行以下操作:

  1. 使用 SSH 实用程序在集群主服务器虚拟机上打开一个终端窗口。

  2. 创建 Kafka custdata 主题。

    /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh \
        --bootstrap-server KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \
        --create --topic custdata
    

    注意:

    • KAFKA_CLUSTER:插入 Kafka 集群的名称。 -w-0:9092 表示在 worker-0 节点的端口 9092 上运行的 Kafka 代理。

    • 创建 custdata 主题后,您可以运行以下命令:

      # List all topics.
      /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh \
          --bootstrap-server KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \
          --list
      
      # Consume then display topic data. /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh \     --bootstrap-server KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \     --topic custdata
      # Count the number of messages in the topic. /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.GetOffsetShell \     --broker-list KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \     --topic custdata
      # Delete topic. /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh \     --bootstrap-server KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \     --delete --topic custdata

将内容发布到 Kafka custdata 主题

以下脚本使用 kafka-console-producer.sh Kafka 工具生成 CSV 格式的虚构客户数据。

  1. 复制该脚本,然后将其粘贴到 Kafka 集群主节点上的 SSH 终端中。按 <return> 运行脚本。

    for i in {1..10000}; do \
    custname="cust name${i}"
    uuid=$(dbus-uuidgen)
    age=$((45 + $RANDOM % 45))
    amount=$(echo "$(( $RANDOM % 99999 )).$(( $RANDOM % 99 ))")
    message="${uuid}:${custname},${age},${amount}"
    echo ${message}
    done | /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh \
    --broker-list KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \
    --topic custdata \
    --property "parse.key=true" \
    --property "key.separator=:"
    

    注意:

    • KAFKA_CLUSTER:您的 Kafka 集群的名称。
  2. 运行以下 Kafka 命令,确认 custdata 主题包含 10,000 条消息。

    /usr/lib/kafka/bin/kafka-run-class.sh kafka.tools.GetOffsetShell \
    --broker-list KAFKA_CLUSTER-w-0:9092 \
    --topic custdata
    

    注意:

    • KAFKA_CLUSTER:您的 Kafka 集群的名称。

    预期输出:

    custdata:0:10000
    

在 Cloud Storage 中创建 Hive 表

创建 Hive 表以接收流式传输的 Kafka 主题数据。请按以下步骤在 Cloud Storage 存储桶中创建 cust_parquet (parquet) 和 cust_orc (ORC) Hive 表。

  1. 在以下脚本中插入您的 BUCKET_NAME,然后将该脚本复制并粘贴到 Kafka 集群主服务器节点上的 SSH 终端,然后按 <return> 创建 ~/hivetables.hql(Hive 查询语言)脚本。

    您将在下一步中运行 ~/hivetables.hql 脚本,以便在 Cloud Storage 存储桶中创建 Parquet 和 ORC Hive 表。

    cat > ~/hivetables.hql <<EOF
    drop table if exists cust_parquet;
    create external table if not exists cust_parquet
    (uuid string, custname string, age string, amount string)
    row format delimited fields terminated by ','
    stored as parquet
    location "gs://BUCKET_NAME/tables/cust_parquet";
    

    drop table if exists cust_orc; create external table if not exists cust_orc (uuid string, custname string, age string, amount string) row format delimited fields terminated by ',' stored as orc location "gs://BUCKET_NAME/tables/cust_orc"; EOF
  2. 在 Kafka 集群的主节点的 SSH 终端中,提交 ~/hivetables.hql Hive 作业,以便在 Cloud Storage 存储桶中创建 cust_parquet (parquet) 和 cust_orc (ORC) Hive 表。

    gcloud dataproc jobs submit hive \
        --cluster=KAFKA_CLUSTER \
        --region=REGION \
        -f ~/hivetables.hql
    

    注意:

    • Hive 组件已预安装在 Dataproc Kafka 集群上。如需查看最近发布的 2.1 映像中包含的 Hive 组件版本列表,请参阅 2.1.x 版本
    • KAFKA_CLUSTER:您的 Kafka 集群的名称。
    • REGION:Kafka 集群所在的区域。

将 Kafka custdata 流式传输到 Hive 表

  1. 在 Kafka 集群的主节点的 SSH 终端中,运行以下命令以安装 kafka-python 库。您需要 Kafka 客户端才能将 Kafka 主题数据流式传输到 Cloud Storage。
    pip install kafka-python
    
  2. 插入 BUCKET_NAME,然后复制并将以下 PySpark 代码粘贴到 Kafka 集群主服务器节点上的 SSH 终端,然后按 <return> 创建 streamdata.py 文件。

    该脚本会订阅 Kafka custdata 主题,然后将数据流式传输到 Cloud Storage 中的 Hive 表。输出格式(可以是 parquet 或 ORC)会作为参数传入脚本。

    cat > streamdata.py <<EOF
    #!/bin/python
    
    import sys
    from pyspark.sql.functions import *
    from pyspark.sql.types import *
    from pyspark.sql import SparkSession
    from kafka import KafkaConsumer
    
    def getNameFn (data): return data.split(",")[0]
    def getAgeFn  (data): return data.split(",")[1]
    def getAmtFn  (data): return data.split(",")[2]
    
    def main(cluster, outputfmt):
        spark = SparkSession.builder.appName("APP").getOrCreate()
        spark.sparkContext.setLogLevel("WARN")
        Logger = spark._jvm.org.apache.log4j.Logger
        logger = Logger.getLogger(__name__)
    
        rows = spark.readStream.format("kafka") \
        .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", cluster+"-w-0:9092").option("subscribe", "custdata") \
        .option("startingOffsets", "earliest")\
        .load()
    
        getNameUDF = udf(getNameFn, StringType())
        getAgeUDF  = udf(getAgeFn,  StringType())
        getAmtUDF  = udf(getAmtFn,  StringType())
    
        logger.warn("Params passed in are cluster name: " + cluster + "  output format(sink): " + outputfmt)
    
        query = rows.select (col("key").cast("string").alias("uuid"),\
            getNameUDF      (col("value").cast("string")).alias("custname"),\
            getAgeUDF       (col("value").cast("string")).alias("age"),\
            getAmtUDF       (col("value").cast("string")).alias("amount"))
    
        writer = query.writeStream.format(outputfmt)\
                .option("path","gs://BUCKET_NAME/tables/cust_"+outputfmt)\
                .option("checkpointLocation", "gs://BUCKET_NAME/chkpt/"+outputfmt+"wr") \
            .outputMode("append")\
            .start()
    
        writer.awaitTermination()
    
    if __name__=="__main__":
        if len(sys.argv) < 2:
            print ("Invalid number of arguments passed ", len(sys.argv))
            print ("Usage: ", sys.argv[0], " cluster  format")
            print ("e.g.:  ", sys.argv[0], " <cluster_name>  orc")
            print ("e.g.:  ", sys.argv[0], " <cluster_name>  parquet")
        main(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2])
    
    EOF
    
  3. 在 Kafka 集群的主节点的 SSH 终端中,运行 spark-submit 以将数据流式传输到 Cloud Storage 中的 Hive 表。

    1. 插入 KAFKA_CLUSTER 的名称和输出 FORMAT,然后将以下代码复制并粘贴到 Kafka 集群主节点上的 SSH 终端,然后按 <return> 运行代码,并将 Kafka custdata 数据以 Parquet 格式流式传输到 Cloud Storage 中的 Hive 表。

      spark-submit --packages \
      org.apache.spark:spark-streaming-kafka-0-10_2.12:3.1.3,org.apache.spark:spark-sql-kafka-0-10_2.12:3.1.3 \
          --conf spark.history.fs.gs.outputstream.type=FLUSHABLE_COMPOSITE \
          --conf spark.driver.memory=4096m \
          --conf spark.executor.cores=2 \
          --conf spark.executor.instances=2 \
          --conf spark.executor.memory=6144m \
          streamdata.py KAFKA_CLUSTER FORMAT
          

      注意:

      • KAFKA_CLUSTER:插入 Kafka 集群的名称。
      • FORMAT:将 parquetorc 指定为输出格式。您可以连续运行该命令,将这两种格式的数据流式传输到 Hive 表:例如,在第一次调用中,指定 parquet 以将 Kafka custdata 主题流式传输到 Hive parquet 表;然后,在第二次调用中,指定 orc 格式以将 custdata 流式传输到 Hive ORC 表。
  4. 当 SSH 终端中的标准输出停止(表示所有 custdata 均已流式传输)后,请在 SSH 终端中按 <control-c> 停止该进程。

  5. 列出 Cloud Storage 中的 Hive 表。

    gcloud storage ls gs://BUCKET_NAME/tables/* --recursive
    

    注意:

    • BUCKET_NAME:插入包含 Hive 表的 Cloud Storage 存储桶的名称(请参阅创建 Hive 表)。

查询流式传输的数据

  1. 在 Kafka 集群的主节点上的 SSH 终端中,运行以下 hive 命令,以统计 Cloud Storage 中的 Hive 表中流式传输的 Kafka custdata 消息的数量。

    hive -e "select count(1) from TABLE_NAME"
    

    注意:

    • TABLE_NAME:将 cust_parquetcust_orc 指定为 Hive 表名称。

    预期输出代码段:

...
Status: Running (Executing on YARN cluster with App id application_....)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        VERTICES      MODE        STATUS  TOTAL  COMPLETED  RUNNING  PENDING  FAILED  KILLED  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Map 1 .......... container     SUCCEEDED      1          1        0        0       0       0
Reducer 2 ...... container     SUCCEEDED      1          1        0        0       0       0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERTICES: 02/02  [==========================>>] 100%  ELAPSED TIME: 9.89 s     
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OK
10000
Time taken: 21.394 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

清理

删除项目

    Delete a Google Cloud project:

    gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

删除资源

  • 删除存储分区:
    gcloud storage buckets delete BUCKET_NAME
  • 删除 Kafka 集群:
    gcloud dataproc clusters delete KAFKA_CLUSTER \
        --region=${REGION}