gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container

NAME: gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container - creates a Compute Engine a virtual machine instance template that runs a Docker container
SYNOPSIS: gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container NAME [--no-boot-disk-auto-delete] [--boot-disk-device-name=BOOT_DISK_DEVICE_NAME] [--boot-disk-interface=BOOT_DISK_INTERFACE] [--boot-disk-provisioned-iops=BOOT_DISK_PROVISIONED_IOPS] [--boot-disk-provisioned-throughput=BOOT_DISK_PROVISIONED_THROUGHPUT] [--boot-disk-size=BOOT_DISK_SIZE] [--boot-disk-type=BOOT_DISK_TYPE] [--can-ip-forward] [--confidential-compute] [--container-arg=CONTAINER_ARG] [--container-command=CONTAINER_COMMAND] [--container-env=[KEY=VALUE, …,…]] [--container-env-file=CONTAINER_ENV_FILE] [--container-image=CONTAINER_IMAGE] [--container-mount-disk=[mode=MODE],[mount-path=MOUNT-PATH],[name=NAME],[partition=PARTITION]] [--container-mount-host-path=[host-path=HOSTPATH,mount-path=MOUNTPATH[,mode=MODE],…]] [--container-mount-tmpfs=[mount-path=MOUNTPATH,…]] [--container-privileged] [--container-restart-policy=POLICY; default="always"] [--container-stdin] [--container-tty] [--create-disk=[PROPERTY=VALUE,…]] [--description=DESCRIPTION] [--disk=[auto-delete=AUTO-DELETE],[boot=BOOT],[device-name=DEVICE-NAME],[interface=INTERFACE],[mode=MODE],[name=NAME]] [--external-ipv6-address=EXTERNAL_IPV6_ADDRESS] [--external-ipv6-prefix-length=EXTERNAL_IPV6_PREFIX_LENGTH] [--internal-ipv6-address=INTERNAL_IPV6_ADDRESS] [--internal-ipv6-prefix-length=INTERNAL_IPV6_PREFIX_LENGTH] [--ipv6-network-tier=IPV6_NETWORK_TIER] [--labels=[KEY=VALUE,…]] [--machine-type=MACHINE_TYPE] [--maintenance-policy=MAINTENANCE_POLICY] [--metadata=KEY=VALUE,[KEY=VALUE,…]] [--metadata-from-file=KEY=LOCAL_FILE_PATH,[…]] [--min-cpu-platform=PLATFORM] [--network=NETWORK] [--network-interface=[PROPERTY=VALUE,…]] [--network-tier=NETWORK_TIER] [--preemptible] [--private-ipv6-google-access-type=PRIVATE_IPV6_GOOGLE_ACCESS_TYPE] [--private-network-ip=PRIVATE_NETWORK_IP] [--region=REGION] [--resource-policies=[RESOURCE_POLICY,…]] [--no-restart-on-failure] [--shielded-integrity-monitoring] [--shielded-secure-boot] [--shielded-vtpm] [--stack-type=STACK_TYPE] [--subnet=SUBNET] [--tags=TAG,[TAG,…]] [--address=ADDRESS | --no-address] [--custom-cpu=CUSTOM_CPU --custom-memory=CUSTOM_MEMORY : --custom-extensions --custom-vm-type=CUSTOM_VM_TYPE] [--image-project=IMAGE_PROJECT --image=IMAGE | --image-family=IMAGE_FAMILY] [--reservation=RESERVATION --reservation-affinity=RESERVATION_AFFINITY; default="any"] [--scopes=[SCOPE,…] | --no-scopes] [--service-account=SERVICE_ACCOUNT | --no-service-account] [GCLOUD_WIDE_FLAG …]
DESCRIPTION: gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container creates a Compute Engine virtual machine instance template that runs a container image. To create an instance template named 'instance-template-1' that runs the 'busybox' image, run:
gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container instance-template-1 --container-image=gcr.io/google-containers/busybox

For more examples, refer to the EXAMPLES section below.
EXAMPLES: To create a template named 'instance-template-1' that runs the gcr.io/google-containers/busybox image and executes 'echo "Hello world"' as a command, run:
gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container instance-template-1 --container-image=gcr.io/google-containers/busybox --container-command='echo "Hello world"'

To create a template running gcr.io/google-containers/busybox in privileged mode, run:
gcloud compute instance-templates create-with-container instance-template-1 --container-image=gcr.io/google-containers/busybox --container-privileged
POSITIONAL ARGUMENTS: NAME

Name of the instance template to create.
FLAGS: --boot-disk-auto-delete

Automatically delete boot disks when their instances are deleted. Enabled by default, use --no-boot-disk-auto-delete to disable.

--boot-disk-device-name=BOOT_DISK_DEVICE_NAME

The name the guest operating system will see for the boot disk. This option can only be specified if a new boot disk is being created (as opposed to mounting an existing persistent disk).

--boot-disk-interface=BOOT_DISK_INTERFACE

Indicates the interface to use for the boot disk. The value must be one of the following:

SCSI

NVME

--boot-disk-provisioned-iops=BOOT_DISK_PROVISIONED_IOPS

Indicates how many IOPS to provision for the disk. This sets the number of I/O operations per second that the disk can handle. Value must be between 10,000 and 120,000.

--boot-disk-provisioned-throughput=BOOT_DISK_PROVISIONED_THROUGHPUT

Indicates how much throughput to provision for the disk. This sets the number of throughput mb per second that the disk can handle.

--boot-disk-size=BOOT_DISK_SIZE

The size of the boot disk. This option can only be specified if a new boot disk is being created (as opposed to mounting an existing persistent disk). The value must be a whole number followed by a size unit of KB for kilobyte, MB for megabyte, GB for gigabyte, or TB for terabyte. For example, 10GB will produce a 10 gigabyte disk. Disk size must be a multiple of 1 GB. Default size unit is GB.

--boot-disk-type=BOOT_DISK_TYPE

The type of the boot disk. This option can only be specified if a new boot disk is being created (as opposed to mounting an existing persistent disk). To get a list of available disk types, run $ gcloud compute disk-types list.

--can-ip-forward

If provided, allows the instances to send and receive packets with non-matching destination or source IP addresses.

--confidential-compute

The instance boots with Confidential Computing enabled. Confidential Computing is based on Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV), an AMD virtualization feature for running confidential instances.

--container-arg=CONTAINER_ARG

Argument to append to container entrypoint or to override container CMD. Each argument must have a separate flag. Arguments are appended in the order of flags. Example:
Assuming the default entry point of the container (or an entry point overridden with --container-command flag) is a Bourne shell-compatible executable, in order to execute 'ls -l' command in the container, the user could use:
--container-arg="-c" --container-arg="ls -l"
Caveat: due to the nature of the argument parsing, it's impossible to provide the flag value that starts with a dash (-) without the = sign (that is, --container-arg "-c" will not work correctly).
Default: None. (no arguments appended)

--container-command=CONTAINER_COMMAND

Specifies what executable to run when the container starts (overrides default entrypoint), eg. nc.
Default: None (default container entrypoint is used)

--container-env=[KEY=VALUE, …,…]

Declare environment variables KEY with value VALUE passed to container. Only the last value of KEY is taken when KEY is repeated more than once.
Values, declared with --container-env flag override those with the same KEY from file, provided in --container-env-file.

--container-env-file=CONTAINER_ENV_FILE

Declare environment variables in a file. Values, declared with --container-env flag override those with the same KEY from file.
File with environment variables in format used by docker (almost). This means:

Lines are in format KEY=VALUE.

Values must contain equality signs.

Variables without values are not supported (this is different from docker format).

If # is first non-whitespace character in a line the line is ignored as a comment.

Lines with nothing but whitespace are ignored.

--container-image=CONTAINER_IMAGE

Full container image name, which should be pulled onto VM instance, eg. docker.io/tomcat.

--container-mount-disk=[mode=MODE],[mount-path=MOUNT-PATH],[name=NAME],[partition=PARTITION]

Mounts a disk to the specified mount path in the container. Multiple ' flags are allowed. Must be used with --disk or --create-disk.

name

Name of the disk. If exactly one additional disk is attached to the instance using --disk or --create-disk, specifying disk name here is optional. The name of the single additional disk will be used by default.

mount-path

Path on container to mount to. Mount paths with spaces and commas (and other special characters) are not supported by this command.

partition

Optional. The partition of the disk to mount. Multiple partitions of a disk can be mounted. Can't be used with --create-disk.

mode

Volume mount mode: rw (read/write) or ro (read-only). Defaults to rw. Fails if the disk mode is ro and volume mount mode is rw.

--container-mount-host-path=[host-path=HOSTPATH,mount-path=MOUNTPATH[,mode=MODE],…]

Mounts a volume by using host-path.

host-path

Path on host to mount from.

mount-path

Path on container to mount to. Mount paths with spaces and commas (and other special characters) are not supported by this command.

mode

Volume mount mode: rw (read/write) or ro (read-only).
Default: rw.

--container-mount-tmpfs=[mount-path=MOUNTPATH,…]

Mounts empty tmpfs into container at MOUNTPATH.

mount-path

Path on container to mount to. Mount paths with spaces and commas (and other special characters) are not supported by this command.

--container-privileged

Specify whether to run container in privileged mode.
Default: --no-container-privileged.

--container-restart-policy=POLICY; default="always"

Specify whether to restart a container on exit. POLICY must be one of: never, on-failure, always.

--container-stdin

Keep container STDIN open even if not attached.
Default: --no-container-stdin.

--container-tty

Allocate a pseudo-TTY for the container.
Default: --no-container-tty.

--create-disk=[PROPERTY=VALUE,…]

Creates and attaches persistent disks to the instances.

name

Specifies the name of the disk. This option cannot be specified if more than one instance is being created. Must specify this option if attaching the disk to a container with --container-mount-disk.

description

Optional textual description for the disk being created.

mode

Specifies the mode of the disk. Supported options are ro for read-only and rw for read-write. If omitted, rw is used as a default. It is an error to create a disk in ro mode if attaching it to a container with --container-mount-disk.

image

Specifies the name of the image that the disk will be initialized with. A new disk will be created based on the given image. To view a list of public images and projects, run $ gcloud compute images list. It is best practice to use image when a specific version of an image is needed. If both image and image-family flags are omitted a blank disk will be created.

image-family

The image family for the operating system that the boot disk will be initialized with. Compute Engine offers multiple Linux distributions, some of which are available as both regular and Shielded VM images. When a family is specified instead of an image, the latest non-deprecated image associated with that family is used. It is best practice to use --image-family when the latest version of an image is needed.

image-project

The Google Cloud project against which all image and image family references will be resolved. It is best practice to define image-project. A full list of available image projects can be generated by running gcloud compute images list.

If specifying one of our public images, image-project must be provided.

If there are several of the same image-family value in multiple projects, image-project must be specified to clarify the image to be used.

If not specified and either image or image-family is provided, the current default project is used.

size

The size of the disk. The value must be a whole number followed by a size unit of KB for kilobyte, MB for megabyte, GB for gigabyte, or TB for terabyte. For example, 10GB will produce a 10 gigabyte disk. Disk size must be a multiple of 1 GB. If not specified, the default image size will be used for the new disk.

type

The type of the disk. To get a list of available disk types, run $ gcloud compute disk-types list. The default disk type is pd-standard.

device-name

An optional name to display the disk name in the guest operating system. Must be the same as name if used with --container-mount-disk. If omitted, a device name of the form persistent-disk-N is used. If omitted and used with --container-mount-disk (where the name of the container mount disk is the same as in this flag), a device name equal to disk name is used.

provisioned-iops

Indicates how many IOPS to provision for the disk. This sets the number of I/O operations per second that the disk can handle. Value must be between 10,000 and 120,000.

provisioned-throughput

Indicates how much throughput to provision for the disk. This sets the number of throughput mb per second that the disk can handle.

disk-resource-policy

Resource policy to apply to the disk. Specify a full or partial URL. For example:

https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/my-project/regions/us-central1/resourcePolicies/my-resource-policy

projects/my-project/regions/us-central1/resourcePolicies/my-resource-policy

For more information, see the following docs:

https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/beta/compute/resource-policies/

https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/disks/scheduled-snapshots

auto-delete

If yes, this persistent disk will be automatically deleted when the instance is deleted. However, if the disk is later detached from the instance, this option won't apply. The default value for this is yes.

architecture

Specifies the architecture or processor type that this disk can support. For available processor types on Compute Engine, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/cpu-platforms.

storage-pool

The name of the storage pool in which the new disk is created. The new disk and the storage pool must be in the same location.

interface

The interface to use with the disk. The value must be one of the following:

SCSI

NVME

replica-zones

Required for each regional disk associated with the instance. Specify the URLs of the zones where the disk should be replicated to. You must provide exactly two replica zones, and one zone must be the same as the instance zone.

--description=DESCRIPTION

Specifies a textual description for the instance template.

--disk=[auto-delete=AUTO-DELETE],[boot=BOOT],[device-name=DEVICE-NAME],[interface=INTERFACE],[mode=MODE],[name=NAME]

Attaches an existing disk to the instances.

name

The disk to attach to the instances. If you create more than one instance, you can only attach a disk in read-only mode. By default, you attach a zonal disk located in the same zone of the instance. If you want to attach a regional disk, you must specify the disk using its URI; for example, projects/myproject/regions/us-central1/disks/my-regional-disk.

mode

The mode of the disk. Supported options are ro for read-only mode and rw for read-write mode. If omitted, rw is used as a default value. If you use rw when creating more than one instance, you encounter errors.

boot

If set to yes, you attach a boot disk. The virtual machine then uses the first partition of the disk for the root file systems. The default value for this is no.

device-name

An optional name to display the disk name in the guest operating system. Must be the same as name if used with --container-mount-disk. If omitted, a device name of the form persistent-disk-N is used. If omitted and used with --container-mount-disk (where the name of the container mount disk is the same as in this flag), a device name equal to disk name is used.

auto-delete

If set to yes, the persistent disk is automatically deleted when the instance is deleted. However, if you detach the disk from the instance, deleting the instance doesn't delete the disk. The default value is yes.

interface

The interface to use for the disk. The value must be one of the following:

SCSI

NVME

--external-ipv6-address=EXTERNAL_IPV6_ADDRESS

Assigns the given external IPv6 address to the instance that is created. The address must be the first IP address in the range. This option can be used only when creating a single instance.

--external-ipv6-prefix-length=EXTERNAL_IPV6_PREFIX_LENGTH

The prefix length of the external IPv6 address range. This field should be used together with --external-ipv6-address. Only the /96 IP address range is supported, and the default value is 96.

--internal-ipv6-address=INTERNAL_IPV6_ADDRESS

Assigns the given internal IPv6 address or range to the instance that is created. The address must be the first IP address in the range or from a /96 IP address range. This option can be used only when creating a single instance.

--internal-ipv6-prefix-length=INTERNAL_IPV6_PREFIX_LENGTH

Optional field that indicates the prefix length of the internal IPv6 address range. It should be used together with --internal-ipv6-address. Only /96 IP address range is supported and the default value is 96. If not set, either the prefix length from --internal-ipv6-address will be used or the default value of 96 will be assigned.

--ipv6-network-tier=IPV6_NETWORK_TIER

Specifies the IPv6 network tier that will be used to configure the instance network interface IPv6 access config. IPV6_NETWORK_TIER must be (only one value is supported):

PREMIUM

High quality, Google-grade network tier.

--labels=[KEY=VALUE,…]

List of label KEY=VALUE pairs to add.
Keys must start with a lowercase character and contain only hyphens (-), underscores (_), lowercase characters, and numbers. Values must contain only hyphens (-), underscores (_), lowercase characters, and numbers.

--machine-type=MACHINE_TYPE

Specifies the machine type used for the instances. To get a list of available machine types, run 'gcloud compute machine-types list'. If unspecified, the default type is n1-standard-1.

--maintenance-policy=MAINTENANCE_POLICY

Specifies the behavior of the VMs when their host machines undergo maintenance. The default is MIGRATE. For more information, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/host-maintenance-options. MAINTENANCE_POLICY must be one of:

MIGRATE

The instances should be migrated to a new host. This will temporarily impact the performance of instances during a migration event.

TERMINATE

The instances should be terminated.

--metadata=KEY=VALUE,[KEY=VALUE,…]

Metadata to be made available to the guest operating system running on the instances. Each metadata entry is a key/value pair separated by an equals sign. Each metadata key must be unique and have a max of 128 bytes in length. Each value must have a max of 256 KB in length. Multiple arguments can be passed to this flag, e.g., --metadata key-1=value-1,key-2=value-2,key-3=value-3. The combined total size for all metadata entries is 512 KB.
In images that have Compute Engine tools installed on them, such as the official images, the following metadata keys have special meanings:

startup-script

Specifies a script that will be executed by the instances once they start running. For convenience, --metadata-from-file can be used to pull the value from a file.

startup-script-url

Same as startup-script except that the script contents are pulled from a publicly-accessible location on the web. For startup scripts on Windows instances, the following metadata keys have special meanings: windows-startup-script-url, windows-startup-script-cmd, windows-startup-script-bat, windows-startup-script-ps1, sysprep-specialize-script-url, sysprep-specialize-script-cmd, sysprep-specialize-script-bat, and sysprep-specialize-script-ps1. For more information, see Running startup scripts.

--metadata-from-file=KEY=LOCAL_FILE_PATH,[…]

Same as --metadata except that the value for the entry will be read from a local file. This is useful for values that are too large such as startup-script contents.

--min-cpu-platform=PLATFORM

When specified, the VM will be scheduled on host with specified CPU architecture or a newer one. To list available CPU platforms in given zone, run:
gcloud compute zones describe ZONE --format="value(availableCpuPlatforms)"

Default setting is "AUTOMATIC".
CPU platform selection is available only in selected zones.
You can find more information on-line: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/specify-min-cpu-platform

--network=NETWORK

Specifies the network that the VM instances are a part of. If --subnet is also specified, subnet must be a subnetwork of the network specified by this --network flag. If neither is specified, the default network is used.

--network-interface=[PROPERTY=VALUE,…]

Adds a network interface to the instance. Mutually exclusive with any of these flags: --address, --network, --network-tier, --subnet, --private-network-ip, --stack-type, --ipv6-network-tier, --internal-ipv6-address, --internal-ipv6-prefix-length, --ipv6-address, --ipv6-prefix-length, --external-ipv6-address, --external-ipv6-prefix-length. This flag can be repeated to specify multiple network interfaces.
The following keys are allowed:

address

Assigns the given external address to the instance that is created. Specifying an empty string will assign an ephemeral IP. Mutually exclusive with no-address. If neither key is present the instance will get an ephemeral IP.

network

Specifies the network that the interface will be part of. If subnet is also specified it must be subnetwork of this network. If neither is specified, this defaults to the "default" network.

no-address

If specified the interface will have no external IP. Mutually exclusive with address. If neither key is present the instance will get an ephemeral IP.

network-tier

Specifies the network tier of the interface. NETWORK_TIER must be one of: PREMIUM, STANDARD. The default value is PREMIUM.

private-network-ip

Assigns the given RFC1918 IP address to the interface.

subnet

Specifies the subnet that the interface will be part of. If network key is also specified this must be a subnetwork of the specified network.

nic-type

Specifies the Network Interface Controller (NIC) type for the interface. NIC_TYPE must be one of: GVNIC, VIRTIO_NET.

stack-type

Specifies whether IPv6 is enabled on the interface. STACK_TYPE must be one of: IPV4_ONLY, IPV4_IPV6. The default value is IPV4_ONLY.

ipv6-network-tier

Specifies the IPv6 network tier that will be used to configure the instance network interface IPv6 access config. IPV6_NETWORK_TIER must be PREMIUM (currently only one value is supported).

internal-ipv6-address

Assigns the given internal IPv6 address or range to the instance that is created. The address must be the first IP address in the range or from a /96 IP address range. This option can be used only when creating a single instance.

internal-ipv6-prefix-length

Optional field that indicates the prefix length of the internal IPv6 address range. It should be used together with internal-ipv6-address. Only /96 IP address range is supported and the default value is 96. If not set, either the prefix length from --internal-ipv6-address will be used or the default value of 96 will be assigned.

external-ipv6-address

Assigns the given external IPv6 address to the instance that is created. The address must be the first IP address in the range. This option can be used only when creating a single instance.

external-ipv6-prefix-length

The prefix length of the external IPv6 address range. This field should be used together with external-ipv6-address. Only the /96 IP address range is supported, and the default value is 96.

aliases

Specifies the IP alias ranges to allocate for this interface. If there are multiple IP alias ranges, they are separated by semicolons.
For example:
--aliases="10.128.1.0/24;range1:/32"
Each IP alias range consists of a range name and a CIDR netmask (e.g. /24) separated by a colon or just the netmask. The range name is the name of the range within the network interface's subnet from which to allocate an IP alias range. If unspecified, it defaults to the primary IP range of the subnet. The IP allocator will pick an available range with the specified netmask and allocate it to this network interface.

network-attachment

Specifies the network attachment that this interface should connect to. Mutually exclusive with --network and --subnet flags.

--network-tier=NETWORK_TIER

Specifies the network tier that will be used to configure the instance. NETWORK_TIER must be one of: PREMIUM, STANDARD. The default value is PREMIUM.

--preemptible

If provided, instances will be preemptible and time-limited. Instances might be preempted to free up resources for standard VM instances, and will only be able to run for a limited amount of time. Preemptible instances can not be restarted and will not migrate.

--private-ipv6-google-access-type=PRIVATE_IPV6_GOOGLE_ACCESS_TYPE

The private IPv6 Google access type for the VM. PRIVATE_IPV6_GOOGLE_ACCESS_TYPE must be one of: enable-bidirectional-access, enable-outbound-vm-access, inherit-subnetwork.

--private-network-ip=PRIVATE_NETWORK_IP

Specifies the RFC1918 IP to assign to the instance. The IP should be in the subnet or legacy network IP range.

--region=REGION

Region of the instance template to create. If not specified, you might be prompted to select a region (interactive mode only).
To avoid prompting when this flag is omitted, you can set the compute/region property:
gcloud config set compute/region REGION

A list of regions can be fetched by running:
gcloud compute regions list

To unset the property, run:
gcloud config unset compute/region

Alternatively, the region can be stored in the environment variable CLOUDSDK_COMPUTE_REGION.

--resource-policies=[RESOURCE_POLICY,…]

A list of resource policy names (not URLs) to be added to each instance created using this instance template. If you attach any resource policies to an instance template, you can only use that instance template to create instances that are in the same region as the resource policies. Do not include resource policies that are located in different regions in the same instance template.

--restart-on-failure

The instances will be restarted if they are terminated by Compute Engine. This does not affect terminations performed by the user. Enabled by default, use --no-restart-on-failure to disable.

--shielded-integrity-monitoring

Enables monitoring and attestation of the boot integrity of the instance. The attestation is performed against the integrity policy baseline. This baseline is initially derived from the implicitly trusted boot image when the instance is created. This baseline can be updated by using gcloud compute instances update --shielded-learn-integrity-policy. On Shielded VM instances, integrity monitoring is enabled by default. For information about how to modify Shielded VM options, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/modifying-shielded-vm. For information about monitoring integrity on Shielded VM instances, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/integrity-monitoring."

--shielded-secure-boot

The instance boots with secure boot enabled. On Shielded VM instances, Secure Boot is not enabled by default. For information about how to modify Shielded VM options, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/modifying-shielded-vm.

--shielded-vtpm

The instance boots with the TPM (Trusted Platform Module) enabled. A TPM is a hardware module that can be used for different security operations such as remote attestation, encryption, and sealing of keys. On Shielded VM instances, vTPM is enabled by default. For information about how to modify Shielded VM options, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/modifying-shielded-vm.

--stack-type=STACK_TYPE

Specifies whether IPv6 is enabled on the default network interface. If not specified, IPV4_ONLY will be used. STACK_TYPE must be one of:

IPV4_IPV6

The network interface can have both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses

IPV4_ONLY

The network interface will be assigned IPv4 addresses

--subnet=SUBNET

Specifies the subnet that the VM instances are a part of. If --network is also specified, subnet must be a subnetwork of the network specified by the --network flag.

--tags=TAG,[TAG,…]

Specifies a list of tags to apply to the instance. These tags allow network firewall rules and routes to be applied to specified VM instances. See gcloud compute firewall-rules create(1) for more details.
To read more about configuring network tags, read this guide: https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/add-remove-network-tags
To list instances with their respective status and tags, run:
gcloud compute instances list --format='table(name,status,tags.list())'

To list instances tagged with a specific tag, tag1, run:
gcloud compute instances list --filter='tags:tag1'

At most one of these can be specified:

--address=ADDRESS

Assigns the given external IP address to the instance that is created. This option can only be used when creating a single instance.

--no-address

If provided, the instances are not assigned external IP addresses. To pull container images, you must configure private Google access if using Container Registry or configure Cloud NAT for instances to access container images directly. For more information, see:

https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/configure-private-google-access

https://cloud.google.com/nat/docs/using-nat

Custom machine type extensions.

--custom-cpu=CUSTOM_CPU

A whole number value specifying the number of cores that are needed in the custom machine type.
For some machine types, shared-core values can also be used. For example, for E2 machine types, you can specify micro, small, or medium.
This flag argument must be specified if any of the other arguments in this group are specified.

--custom-memory=CUSTOM_MEMORY

A whole number value indicating how much memory is desired in the custom machine type. A size unit should be provided (eg. 3072MB or 9GB) - if no units are specified, GB is assumed.
This flag argument must be specified if any of the other arguments in this group are specified.

--custom-extensions

Use the extended custom machine type.

--custom-vm-type=CUSTOM_VM_TYPE

Specifies a custom machine type. The default is n1. For more information about custom machine types, see: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/general-purpose-machines#custom_machine_types

--image-project=IMAGE_PROJECT

The Google Cloud project against which all image and image family references will be resolved. It is best practice to define image-project. A full list of available projects can be generated by running gcloud projects list.

If specifying one of our public images, image-project must be provided.

If there are several of the same image-family value in multiple projects, image-project must be specified to clarify the image to be used.

If not specified and either image or image-family is provided, the current default project is used.

At most one of these can be specified:

--image=IMAGE

Specifies the boot image for the instances. For each instance, a new boot disk will be created from the given image. Each boot disk will have the same name as the instance. To view a list of public images and projects, run $ gcloud compute images list. It is best practice to use --image when a specific version of an image is needed.
When using this option, --boot-disk-device-name and --boot-disk-size can be used to override the boot disk's device name and size, respectively.

--image-family=IMAGE_FAMILY

The image family for the operating system that the boot disk will be initialized with. Compute Engine offers multiple Linux distributions, some of which are available as both regular and Shielded VM images. When a family is specified instead of an image, the latest non-deprecated image associated with that family is used. It is best practice to use --image-family when the latest version of an image is needed.
By default, debian-11 is assumed for this flag.

Specifies the reservation for instances created from this template.

--reservation=RESERVATION

The name of the reservation, required when --reservation-affinity=specific.

--reservation-affinity=RESERVATION_AFFINITY; default="any"

The type of reservation for instances created from this template. RESERVATION_AFFINITY must be one of:

any

Consume any available, matching reservation.

none

Do not consume from any reserved capacity.

specific

Must consume from a specific reservation.

At most one of these can be specified:

--scopes=[SCOPE,…]

If not provided, the instance will be assigned the default scopes, described below.
SCOPE can be either the full URI of the scope or an alias. Default scopes are assigned to all instances. Available aliases are:

Alias URI

bigquery https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigquery

cloud-platform https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform

cloud-source-repos https://www.googleapis.com/auth/source.full_control

cloud-source-repos-ro https://www.googleapis.com/auth/source.read_only

compute-ro https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute.readonly

compute-rw https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute

datastore https://www.googleapis.com/auth/datastore

default https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.write

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/pubsub

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/service.management.readonly

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/servicecontrol

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/trace.append

gke-default https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/service.management.readonly

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/servicecontrol

https://www.googleapis.com/auth/trace.append

logging-write https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write

monitoring https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring

monitoring-read https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.read

monitoring-write https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.write

pubsub https://www.googleapis.com/auth/pubsub

service-control https://www.googleapis.com/auth/servicecontrol

service-management https://www.googleapis.com/auth/service.management.readonly

sql (deprecated) https://www.googleapis.com/auth/sqlservice

sql-admin https://www.googleapis.com/auth/sqlservice.admin

storage-full https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.full_control

storage-ro https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only

storage-rw https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_write

taskqueue https://www.googleapis.com/auth/taskqueue

trace https://www.googleapis.com/auth/trace.append

userinfo-email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email

DEPRECATION WARNING: https://www.googleapis.com/auth/sqlservice account scope and sql alias do not provide SQL instance management capabilities and have been deprecated. Please, use https://www.googleapis.com/auth/sqlservice.admin or sql-admin to manage your Google SQL Service instances.

--no-scopes

Create instance without scopes

At most one of these can be specified:

--service-account=SERVICE_ACCOUNT

A service account is an identity attached to the instance. Its access tokens can be accessed through the instance metadata server and are used to authenticate applications on the instance. The account can be set using an email address corresponding to the required service account.
If not provided, the instance will use the project's default service account.

--no-service-account

Create instance without service account
GCLOUD WIDE FLAGS: These flags are available to all commands: --access-token-file, --account, --billing-project, --configuration, --flags-file, --flatten, --format, --help, --impersonate-service-account, --log-http, --project, --quiet, --trace-token, --user-output-enabled, --verbosity.
Run $ gcloud help for details.
NOTES: These variants are also available:
gcloud alpha compute instance-templates create-with-container

gcloud beta compute instance-templates create-with-container

Alias	URI
bigquery	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigquery
cloud-platform	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform
cloud-source-repos	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/source.full_control
cloud-source-repos-ro	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/source.read_only
compute-ro	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute.readonly
compute-rw	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/compute
datastore	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/datastore
default	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.write
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/pubsub
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/service.management.readonly
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/servicecontrol
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/trace.append
gke-default	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/service.management.readonly
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/servicecontrol
	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/trace.append
logging-write	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write
monitoring	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring
monitoring-read	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.read
monitoring-write	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.write
pubsub	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/pubsub
service-control	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/servicecontrol
service-management	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/service.management.readonly
sql (deprecated)	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/sqlservice
sql-admin	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/sqlservice.admin
storage-full	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.full_control
storage-ro	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_only
storage-rw	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/devstorage.read_write
taskqueue	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/taskqueue
trace	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/trace.append
userinfo-email	https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email