Sample Cloud Foundry to Cloud Run migration: Spring Music

This sample migration uses the Spring Music project to show how a Cloud Foundry application can be built as an OCI-compliant application image. This sample is using the lift and shift strategy, which uses open source components from the Cloud Foundry ecosystem. After you create the application image, you need to configure the application for deployment to Cloud Run.

Before you start

Make sure you have set up a new project for Cloud Run as described in the setup page.
Make sure you have a REGISTRY_URI for storing containers. Cloud Run recommends using Artifact Registry.
If you are under a domain restriction organization policy restricting unauthenticated invocations for your project, you will need to access your deployed service as described under Testing private services.
Install Docker on your workstation. Docker is used to create intermediate images to build the project.

Permissions required to deploy

For this guide you need permissions to build, store the built container image and deploy.

You must have the following roles:

Project Structure

For this guide we suggest that you create a project directory e.g. cr-spring-music/ and create sub-directories as you progress through the guide.

cr-spring-music/
├── build
├── run
└── spring-music

Create the build Image

This section creates a build image using cflinux3 as the base image. The build image is used as the build environment for creating the application image.

Create a directory called build/ and cd into it:
```
mkdir build && cd build
```

In the build/ folder, create a new file called Dockerfile and paste in the following code:

ARG CF_LINUX_FS=cloudfoundry/cflinuxfs3

FROM golang:1.20-bullseye AS builder_build
WORKDIR /build
RUN ["git", "clone", "--depth=1", "https://github.com/cloudfoundry/buildpackapplifecycle.git"]
WORKDIR /build/buildpackapplifecycle
RUN ["go", "mod", "init", "code.cloudfoundry.org/buildpackapplifecycle"]
RUN ["go", "mod", "tidy"]
RUN CGO_ENABLD=0 go build -o /builder ./builder/

FROM $CF_LINUX_FS
# Set up container tools related to building applications
WORKDIR /lifecycle
COPY --from=builder_build /builder /lifecycle/builder

# Set up environment to match Cloud Foundry's build.
# https://docs.cloudfoundry.org/devguide/deploy-apps/environment-variable.html#app-system-env
WORKDIR /staging/app
WORKDIR /tmp
ENV CF_INSTANCE_ADDR=127.0.0.1:8080 \
CF_INSTANCE_IP=127.0.0.1 \
CF_INSTANCE_INTERNAL_IP=127.0.0.1 \
VCAP_APP_HOST=127.0.0.1 \
CF_INSTANCE_PORT=8080 \
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
INSTANCE_GUID=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 \
VCAP_APPLICATION={} \
VCAP_SERVICES={} \
CF_STACK=cflinuxfs3

Use Cloud Build to build and publish the builder image
```
gcloud builds \
    submit --tag "REGISTRY_URI/builder:stable"
```
Replace REGISTRY_URI with the address of the Artifact Registry where you want to publish the build image. For example: REGION-docker.pkg.dev/PROJECT_ID/REPOSITORY/builder:stable.

Create the runtime Image

This section creates a run image using cflinux3 as the base image. The run image is used as the base image when you create the final application image.

Create a directory called run/ and cd into it:
```
mkdir run && cd run
```

In the run/ folder, create a new shell script called entrypoint.bash with the following code:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e

if [[ "$@" == "" ]]; then
exec /lifecycle/launcher "/home/vcap/app" "" ""
else
exec /lifecycle/launcher "/home/vcap/app" "$@" ""
fi

In the run/ folder, create a new file called Dockerfile and paste in the following code:

ARG CF_LINUX_FS=cloudfoundry/cflinuxfs3

FROM golang:1.20-bullseye AS launcher_build
WORKDIR /build
RUN ["git", "clone", "--depth=1", "https://github.com/cloudfoundry/buildpackapplifecycle.git"]
WORKDIR /build/buildpackapplifecycle
RUN ["go", "mod", "init", "code.cloudfoundry.org/buildpackapplifecycle"]
RUN ["go", "mod", "tidy"]
RUN CGO_ENABLD=0 go build -o /launcher ./launcher/

FROM $CF_LINUX_FS
# Set up container tools related to launching the application
WORKDIR /lifecycle
COPY entrypoint.bash /lifecycle/entrypoint.bash
RUN ["chmod", "+rx", "/lifecycle/entrypoint.bash"]
COPY --from=launcher_build /launcher /lifecycle/launcher

# Set up environment to match Cloud Foundry
WORKDIR /home/vcap
USER vcap:vcap
ENTRYPOINT ["/lifecycle/entrypoint.bash"]

# Expose 8080 to allow app to be run on Cloud Foundry,
# and PORT so the container can be run locally.
# These do nothing on Cloud Run.
EXPOSE 8080/tcp
# Set up environment variables similar to Cloud Foundry.
ENV CF_INSTANCE_ADDR=127.0.0.1:8080 \
CF_INSTANCE_IP=127.0.0.1 \
INSTANCE_IP=127.0.0.1 \
CF_INSTANCE_INTERNAL_IP=127.0.0.1 \
VCAP_APP_HOST=127.0.0.1 \
CF_INSTANCE_PORT=80 \
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
CF_INSTANCE_GUID=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 \
INSTANCE_GUID=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 \
CF_INSTANCE_INDEX=0 \
INSTANCE_INDEX=0 \
PORT=8080 \
VCAP_APP_PORT=8080 \
VCAP_APPLICATION={} \
VCAP_SERVICES={}

Use Cloud Build to build and publish the runtime image:
```
gcloud builds submit \
    --tag "REGISTRY_URI/runtime:stable"
```
Replace REGISTRY_URI with the address to the Artifact Registry where you want to publish the build image. For example: REGION-docker.pkg.dev/PROJECT_ID/REPOSITORY/runtime:stable.

Build Spring Music for Cloud Foundry

To clone the Spring Music project and run the build commands as if we were deploying the project to Cloud Foundry:

Clone the Spring Music repository:

git clone https://github.com/cloudfoundry-samples/spring-music.git

For the purposes of this guide, we will be using an older version of the Spring Music application that uses Java 8 and Spring Boot 2. To do this we will move to an older revision of the Spring Music project:
```
git checkout 610ba471a643a20dee7a62d88a7879f13a21d6a3
```
Move into the repository:
```
cd spring-music
```
Build the Spring Music binary:
```
./gradlew clean assemble
```

You now have a build/ folder with the compiled Spring Music app ready to be pushed into a Cloud Foundry instance.

Convert Spring Music into a Cloud Run compatible application

You must take the output of the build command to prepare the Spring Music artifact for deployment into Cloud Run.

Create a staging directory cr-app and a src sub-directory inside of it:
```
mkdir -p cr-app/src
```
Mimic cf push by extracting the contents of the compiled JAR into the src directory:
```
unzip build/libs/spring-music-1.0.jar -d cr-app/src
```
Change directory into cr-app/:
```
cd cr-app/
```
Create a new file called Dockerfile. This Dockerfile will use the build image and runtime image created in the previous steps to create the runnable application image for Spring Music, using the Java buildpack.

Paste the following code into the Dockerfile:

ARG BUILD_IMAGE
ARG RUN_IMAGE
FROM $BUILD_IMAGE as build

COPY src /staging/app
COPY src /tmp/app

ARG BUILDPACKS
RUN /lifecycle/builder \
-buildArtifactsCacheDir=/tmp/cache \
-buildDir=/tmp/app \
-buildpacksDir=/tmp/buildpacks \
-outputBuildArtifactsCache=/tmp/output-cache \
-outputDroplet=/tmp/droplet \
-outputMetadata=/tmp/result.json \
"-buildpackOrder=${BUILDPACKS}" \
"-skipDetect=true"

FROM $RUN_IMAGE
COPY --from=build /tmp/droplet droplet
RUN tar -xzf droplet && rm droplet

Build Spring Music as an OCI compliant image

In this step, you instruct Cloud Build how to construct an OCI-compliant image using the build image, runtime image, and application Dockerfile created in the previous steps.

To create the OCI-compliant image:

Create a file called cloudbuild.yaml. This is a build configuration that will instruct Cloud Build how to build the application.

Paste the following configuration into cloudbuild.yaml:

steps:
- name: gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker
  args:
  - 'build'
  - '--network'
  - 'cloudbuild'
  - '--tag'
  - '${_TAG}'
  - '--build-arg'
  - 'BUILD_IMAGE=${_BUILD_IMAGE}'
  - '--build-arg'
  - 'RUN_IMAGE=${_RUN_IMAGE}'
  - '--build-arg'
  - 'BUILDPACKS=${_BUILDPACKS}'
  - '.'
images:
- "${_TAG}"
options:
  # Substitute build environment variables as an array of KEY=VALUE formatted strings here.
  env: []
substitutions:
  _BUILD_IMAGE: REGISTRY_URI/builder:stable
  _RUN_IMAGE:  REGISTRY_URI/runtime:stable
  _BUILDPACKS: https://github.com/cloudfoundry/java-buildpack
  _TAG: REGISTRY_URI/spring-music:latest

Replace REGISTRY_URI with the URI of the container registry where you have published the builder and runner.

Build the application image using Cloud Build:
```
gcloud builds submit .
```
When the build completes, make note of the resulting image URI. You will need it when deploying the application in the next steps. The resulting image will be an OCI-compliant container image for running the Spring Music app, built using open source Cloud Foundry components.

Deploy to Cloud Run

You must create a service definition file to use in Cloud Run:

Create a service account for your application:

gcloud iam service-accounts create spring-music

Create a service.yaml file with the following code:

apiVersion: serving.knative.dev/v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: "spring-music"
  # Set this to be the project number of the project you're deploying to.
  namespace: "PROJECT_NUMBER"
  labels:
    cloud.googleapis.com/location: us-central1
    migrated-from: cloud-foundry
  annotations:
    run.googleapis.com/ingress: all
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      annotations:
        autoscaling.knative.dev/minScale: '1'
        autoscaling.knative.dev/maxScale: '1'
        run.googleapis.com/cpu-throttling: 'true'
        run.googleapis.com/startup-cpu-boost: 'true'
        run.googleapis.com/sessionAffinity: 'false'
    spec:
      containerConcurrency: 1000
      timeoutSeconds: 900
      serviceAccountName: spring-music@PROJECT_NUMBER.iam.gserviceaccount.com
      containers:
      - name: user-container
        # Set the following value to either:
        # - The image you built for your application in the last section of the guide.
        image: SPRING_IMAGE_URI
        ports:
        - name: http1
          containerPort: 8080
        env:
        - name: VCAP_APPLICATION
          value: |-
                {
                    "application_id": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
                    "application_name": "spring-music",
                    "application_uris": [],
                    "limits": {
                    "disk": 0,
                    "mem": 1024
                    },
                    "name": "spring-music",
                    "process_id": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000",
                    "process_type": "web",
                    "space_name": "none",
                    "uris": []
                }
        - name: MEMORY_LIMIT
          value: '1024M'
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 1024Mi
            cpu: "1"
        startupProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 8080
          timeoutSeconds: 1
          failureThreshold: 30
          successThreshold: 1
          periodSeconds: 2
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 8080
          timeoutSeconds: 1
          failureThreshold: 1
          successThreshold: 1
          periodSeconds: 30
  traffic:
  - percent: 100
    latestRevision: true

Replace PROJECT_NUMBER with your project number.
Replace SPRING_IMAGE_URI with the URI of the application image created under build Spring Music as an OCI compliant image.

Deploy the service to Cloud Run:
```
gcloud run services replace service.yaml
```
Once the deployment completes, you will be able to visit the running Spring Music application at the deployed URL.

What's Next

For a more in-depth look at the containerization process see Migrate to OCI containers.