Quickstart: Deploy a function to Cloud Run using the gcloud CLI

This page shows you how to use Cloud Run to deploy an HTTP function using the gcloud CLI.

Before you begin

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Go to project selector

Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Artifact Registry, Cloud Build, Cloud Run Admin API, and Cloud Logging APIs.

Enable the APIs

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

gcloud init

Note: If you installed the gcloud CLI previously, make sure you have the latest version by running

gcloud components
      update

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Go to project selector

Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Artifact Registry, Cloud Build, Cloud Run Admin API, and Cloud Logging APIs.

Enable the APIs

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

gcloud init

Note: If you installed the gcloud CLI previously, make sure you have the latest version by running

gcloud components
      update

To set the default project for your Cloud Run service:
```
 gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
```
Replace PROJECT_ID with the name of the project you created for this quickstart.
If you are under a domain restriction organization policy restricting unauthenticated invocations for your project, you will need to access your deployed service as described under Testing private services.
For Cloud Build to be able to build your sources, grant the Cloud Build Service Account role to the Compute Engine default service account by running the following:
```
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID \
    --member=serviceAccount:PROJECT_NUMBER-compute@developer.gserviceaccount.com \
    --role=roles/cloudbuild.builds.builder
```
Replace PROJECT_NUMBER with your Google Cloud project number, and PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project ID. For detailed instructions on how to find your project ID, and project number, see Creating and managing projects.

Granting the Cloud Build Service Account role to the Compute Engine default service account takes a couple of minutes to propagate.

Note:
The iam.automaticIamGrantsForDefaultServiceAccounts organization policy constraint prevents the Editor role from being automatically granted to default service accounts. If you created your organization after May 3, 2024, this constraint is enforced by default.

We strongly recommend that you enforce this constraint to disable the automatic role grant. If you disable the automatic role grant, you must decide which roles to grant to the default service accounts, and then grant these roles yourself.

If the default service account already has the Editor role, we recommend that you replace the Editor role with less permissive roles.To safely modify the service account's roles, use Policy Simulator to see the impact of the change, and then grant and revoke the appropriate roles.

Write the sample function

To write an application, follow these steps:

Node.js

Create a new directory named helloworld and change directory into it:
```
   mkdir helloworld
   cd helloworld
```

Create a package.json file in the helloworld directory to specify Node.js dependencies:

{
  "name": "nodejs-docs-samples-functions-hello-world-get",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "private": true,
  "license": "Apache-2.0",
  "author": "Google Inc.",
  "repository": {
    "type": "git",
    "url": "https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/nodejs-docs-samples.git"
  },
  "engines": {
    "node": ">=16.0.0"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "test": "c8 mocha -p -j 2 test/*.test.js --timeout=6000 --exit"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@google-cloud/functions-framework": "^3.1.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "c8": "^10.0.0",
    "gaxios": "^6.0.0",
    "mocha": "^10.0.0",
    "wait-port": "^1.0.4"
  }
}

Create an index.js file in the helloworld directory with the following Node.js sample:

const functions = require('@google-cloud/functions-framework');

// Register an HTTP function with the Functions Framework that will be executed
// when you make an HTTP request to the deployed function's endpoint.
functions.http('helloGET', (req, res) => {
  res.send('Hello World!');
});

Python

Create a new directory named helloworld and change directory into it:
```
   mkdir helloworld
   cd helloworld
```
Create a requirements.txt file in the helloworld directory, to specify Python dependencies:
```
functions-framework==3.5.0
flask==3.0.3
google-cloud-error-reporting==1.11.1
MarkupSafe==2.1.3
```
This adds packages needed by the sample.

Create a main.py file in the helloworld directory with the following Python sample:

import functions_framework

@functions_framework.http
def hello_get(request):
    """HTTP Cloud Function.
    Args:
        request (flask.Request): The request object.
        <https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#incoming-request-data>
    Returns:
        The response text, or any set of values that can be turned into a
        Response object using `make_response`
        <https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#flask.make_response>.
    Note:
        For more information on how Flask integrates with Cloud
        Functions, see the `Writing HTTP functions` page.
        <https://cloud.google.com/functions/docs/writing/http#http_frameworks>
    """
    return "Hello World!"

Go

Create a new directory named helloworld and change directory into it:
```
   mkdir helloworld
   cd helloworld
```

Create a go.mod file to declare the go module:

module github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/golang-samples/functions/functionsv2/helloworld

go 1.21

require github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/functions-framework-go v1.8.1

require (
	github.com/cloudevents/sdk-go/v2 v2.15.2 // indirect
	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 // indirect
	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0 // indirect
	golang.org/x/time v0.5.0 // indirect
)

Create an hello_http.go file in the helloworld directory with the following Go code sample:


// Package helloworld provides a set of Cloud Functions samples.
package helloworld

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"

	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/functions-framework-go/functions"
)

func init() {
	functions.HTTP("HelloGet", helloGet)
}

// helloGet is an HTTP Cloud Function.
func helloGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	fmt.Fprint(w, "Hello, World!")
}

Java

Create a new directory named helloworld and change directory into it:
```
   mkdir helloworld
   cd helloworld
```

Create the following project structure to contain the source directory and source file:

mkdir -p ~/helloworld/src/main/java/functions
touch ~/helloworld/src/main/java/functions/HelloWorld.java

Update the HelloWorld.java file with the following Java code sample:


package functions;

import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpFunction;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpRequest;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpResponse;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloWorld implements HttpFunction {
  // Simple function to return "Hello World"
  @Override
  public void service(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response)
      throws IOException {
    BufferedWriter writer = response.getWriter();
    writer.write("Hello World!");
  }
}

Create a pom.xml file in the helloworld directory, and add the following Java dependencies:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
  Copyright 2020 Google LLC

  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License.
-->

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.example.functions</groupId>
  <artifactId>functions-hello-world</artifactId>
  <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <parent>
    <groupId>com.google.cloud.samples</groupId>
    <artifactId>shared-configuration</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.0</version>
  </parent>

  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <artifactId>libraries-bom</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.google.cloud</groupId>
        <scope>import</scope>
        <type>pom</type>
        <version>26.32.0</version>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <properties>
    <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
    <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- Required for Function primitives -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.cloud.functions</groupId>
      <artifactId>functions-framework-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- The following dependencies are only required for testing -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.truth</groupId>
      <artifactId>truth</artifactId>
      <version>1.4.0</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
      <artifactId>guava-testlib</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
      <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.10.0</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <!--
          Google Cloud Functions Framework Maven plugin

          This plugin allows you to run Cloud Functions Java code
          locally. Use the following terminal command to run a
          given function locally:

          mvn function:run -Drun.functionTarget=your.package.yourFunction
        -->
        <groupId>com.google.cloud.functions</groupId>
        <artifactId>function-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>0.11.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <functionTarget>functions.HelloWorld</functionTarget>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <!-- version 3.0.0-M4 does not load JUnit5 correctly -->
        <!-- see https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SUREFIRE-1750 -->
        <version>3.2.5</version>
        <configuration>
          <includes>
            <include>**/*Test.java</include>
          </includes>
          <skipTests>${skipTests}</skipTests>
          <reportNameSuffix>sponge_log</reportNameSuffix>
          <trimStackTrace>false</trimStackTrace>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

Ruby

Create a new directory named helloworld and change directory into it:
```
   mkdir helloworld
   cd helloworld
```

Create a file named app.rb and paste the following code into it:

require "functions_framework"

FunctionsFramework.http "hello_get" do |_request|
  # The request parameter is a Rack::Request object.
  # See https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/rack/Rack/Request

  # Return the response body as a string.
  # You can also return a Rack::Response object, a Rack response array, or
  # a hash which will be JSON-encoded into a response.
  "Hello World!"
end

Create a file named Gemfile and copy the following into it:

source "https://rubygems.org"

gem "functions_framework", "~> 1.4"

If you don't have Bundler 2.0 or greater installed, install Bundler.
Generate a Gemfile.lock file by running:
```
bundle install
```

PHP

Create a new directory named helloworld and change directory into it:
```
   mkdir helloworld
   cd helloworld
```

Create a file named index.php and paste the following code into it:


use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;

function helloGet(ServerRequestInterface $request): string
{
    return 'Hello, World!' . PHP_EOL;
}

If you aren't using Cloud Shell, create a composer.json file and paste the following code into it:

{
    "require": {
        "google/cloud-functions-framework": "^1.0"
    },
    "scripts": {
        "start": [
           "Composer\\Config::disableProcessTimeout",
           "FUNCTION_TARGET=helloGet php -S localhost:${PORT:-8080} vendor/google/cloud-functions-framework/router.php"
        ]
    }
}

.NET

Install .NET SDK 6.0. This quickstart only works for .NET version 6.
From the console, create a new empty web project using the dotnet command.
```
dotnet new web -o helloworld-csharp
```
Change directory to helloworld-csharp:

Replace the sample code in the project file helloworld-csharp.csproj with the following:

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Google.Cloud.Functions.Hosting" Version="2.2.1" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

Replace the sample code in Program.cs file with the following:


using Google.Cloud.Functions.Framework;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace HelloWorld;

public class Function : IHttpFunction
{
    public async Task HandleAsync(HttpContext context)
    {
        await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!", context.RequestAborted);
    }
}

Deploy the function

Important: This quickstart assumes that you have owner or editor roles in the project you are using for the quickstart. Otherwise, refer to the Cloud Run Source Developer role for the required permissions for deploying a Cloud Run resource from source.

To deploy your Cloud Run function, follow these steps:

Deploy the function by running the following command in the directory that contains the sample code: