Cloud HSM

Neste tópico, você terá uma visão geral do Cloud HSM e verá como criar e usar chaves de criptografia protegidas por HSM no Cloud Key Management Service.

O que é Cloud HSM?

O Cloud HSM é um serviço de Hardware Security Module (HSM) hospedado na nuvem que permite hospedar chaves de criptografia e executar operações criptográficas em um cluster de HSMs FIPS 140-2 Nível 3 certificados. O cluster do HSM é gerenciado pelo Google, e você não precisa se preocupar com o clustering, o escalonamento ou a aplicação de patches. Como o Cloud HSM usa o Cloud KMS como front-end, é possível aproveitar todas as conveniências e recursos que o Cloud KMS oferece.

Criar um keyring

Ao criar uma chave, você a adiciona a um keyring em um determinado local do Google Cloud. Você pode criar um novo keyring ou usar um atual. Neste tópico, você cria um novo keyring e adiciona uma nova chave a ele.

Crie um keyring em um local do Google Cloud compatível com o Cloud HSM.

Console

  1. Acesse a página Gerenciamento de chaves no console do Google Cloud.

    Vá para Gerenciamento de chaves

  2. Clique em Criar keyring.

  3. Em Nome do keyring, digite um nome.

  4. Em Local do keyring, selecione um local como "us-east1".

  5. Clique em Criar.

gcloud

  1. No Console do Google Cloud, ative o Cloud Shell.

    Ativar o Cloud Shell

  2. No seu ambiente, execute o comando gcloud kms keyrings create:

    gcloud kms keyrings create KEY_RING \
        --location LOCATION
    

    Substitua:

    • KEY_RING: o nome do keyring que contém a chave.
    • LOCATION: o local do keyring no Cloud KMS.

    Para informações sobre todas as sinalizações e valores possíveis, execute o comando com a sinalização --help.

C#

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento C# e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para C#.


using Google.Api.Gax.ResourceNames;
using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;

public class CreateKeyRingSample
{
    public KeyRing CreateKeyRing(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1",
      string id = "my-key-ring")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent location name.
        LocationName locationName = new LocationName(projectId, locationId);

        // Build the key ring.
        KeyRing keyRing = new KeyRing { };

        // Call the API.
        KeyRing result = client.CreateKeyRing(locationName, id, keyRing);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Go e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
)

// createKeyRing creates a new ring to store keys on KMS.
func createKeyRing(w io.Writer, parent, id string) error {
	// parent := "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/global"
	// id := "my-key-ring"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateKeyRingRequest{
		Parent:    parent,
		KeyRingId: id,
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateKeyRing(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key ring: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key ring: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Java e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRing;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.LocationName;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateKeyRing {

  public void createKeyRing() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String id = "my-asymmetric-signing-key";
    createKeyRing(projectId, locationId, id);
  }

  // Create a new key ring.
  public void createKeyRing(String projectId, String locationId, String id) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project and location.
      LocationName locationName = LocationName.of(projectId, locationId);

      // Build the key ring to create.
      KeyRing keyRing = KeyRing.newBuilder().build();

      // Create the key ring.
      KeyRing createdKeyRing = client.createKeyRing(locationName, id, keyRing);
      System.out.printf("Created key ring %s%n", createdKeyRing.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento do Node.js e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const id = 'my-key-ring';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent location name
const locationName = client.locationPath(projectId, locationId);

async function createKeyRing() {
  const [keyRing] = await client.createKeyRing({
    parent: locationName,
    keyRingId: id,
  });

  console.log(`Created key ring: ${keyRing.name}`);
  return keyRing;
}

return createKeyRing();

PHP

Para executar esse código, primeiro saiba como usar o PHP no Google Cloud e instalar o SDK do Cloud KMS para PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CreateKeyRingRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\KeyRing;

function create_key_ring(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $id = 'my-key-ring'
): KeyRing {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent location name.
    $locationName = $client->locationName($projectId, $locationId);

    // Build the key ring.
    $keyRing = new KeyRing();

    // Call the API.
    $createKeyRingRequest = (new CreateKeyRingRequest())
        ->setParent($locationName)
        ->setKeyRingId($id)
        ->setKeyRing($keyRing);
    $createdKeyRing = $client->createKeyRing($createKeyRingRequest);
    printf('Created key ring: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdKeyRing->getName());

    return $createdKeyRing;
}

Python

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Python e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Python.

from google.cloud import kms

def create_key_ring(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Creates a new key ring in Cloud KMS

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the key ring to create (e.g. 'my-key-ring').

    Returns:
        KeyRing: Cloud KMS key ring.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent location name.
    location_name = f"projects/{project_id}/locations/{location_id}"

    # Build the key ring.
    key_ring = {}

    # Call the API.
    created_key_ring = client.create_key_ring(
        request={
            "parent": location_name,
            "key_ring_id": key_ring_id,
            "key_ring": key_ring,
        }
    )
    print(f"Created key ring: {created_key_ring.name}")
    return created_key_ring

Ruby

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Ruby e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# id = "my-key-ring"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent location name.
location_name = client.location_path project: project_id, location: location_id

# Build the key ring.
key_ring = {}

# Call the API.
created_key_ring = client.create_key_ring parent: location_name, key_ring_id: id, key_ring: key_ring
puts "Created key ring: #{created_key_ring.name}"

API

Estes exemplos usam curl como um cliente HTTP para demonstrar o uso da API. Para mais informações sobre controle de acesso, consulte Como acessar a API Cloud KMS.

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/keyRings?key_ring_id=KEY_RING" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer TOKEN"

Substitua:

  • PROJECT_ID: o ID do projeto que contém o keyring.
  • KEY_RING: o nome do keyring que contém a chave.
  • LOCATION: o local do keyring no Cloud KMS.

Consulte a documentação da API KeyRing.create para mais informações.

Crie uma chave

Siga estas etapas para criar uma chave do Cloud HSM no keyring e no local de keying especificados.

Console

  1. Acesse a página Gerenciamento de chaves no console do Google Cloud.

    Acessar a página "Gerenciamento de chaves"

  2. Clique no nome do keyring em que a chave será criada.

  3. Clique em Criar chave.

  4. Em Que tipo de chave você quer criar?, escolha Chave gerada.

  5. No campo Nome da chave, insira o nome da sua chave.

  6. Clique na lista suspensa Nível de proteção e selecione HSM.

  7. Clique no menu suspenso Finalidade e selecione Criptografar/descriptografar simétrico.

  8. Aceite os valores padrão para Período de rotação e A partir de.

  9. Clique em Criar.

gcloud

Para usar o Cloud KMS na linha de comando, primeiro instale ou faça upgrade para a versão mais recente da Google Cloud CLI.

gcloud kms keys create key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location \
    --purpose "encryption" \
    --protection-level "hsm"

Substitua key por um nome para a nova chave. Substitua key-ring pelo nome do keyring atual em que a chave estará localizada. Substitua location pelo local do Cloud KMS para o keyring.

Para informações sobre todas as sinalizações e valores possíveis, execute o comando com a sinalização --help.

C#

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento C# e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para C#.


using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;

public class CreateKeyHsmSample
{
    public CryptoKey CreateKeyHsm(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring",
      string id = "my-hsm-encryption-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent key ring name.
        KeyRingName keyRingName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Build the key.
        CryptoKey key = new CryptoKey
        {
            Purpose = CryptoKey.Types.CryptoKeyPurpose.EncryptDecrypt,
            VersionTemplate = new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate
            {
                ProtectionLevel = ProtectionLevel.Hsm,
                Algorithm = CryptoKeyVersion.Types.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GoogleSymmetricEncryption,
            },

            // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
            DestroyScheduledDuration = new Duration
            {
                Seconds = 24 * 60 * 60,
            }
        };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.CreateCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Go e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
)

// createKeyHSM creates a new symmetric encrypt/decrypt key on Cloud KMS.
func createKeyHSM(w io.Writer, parent, id string) error {
	// parent := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring"
	// id := "my-hsm-encryption-key"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateCryptoKeyRequest{
		Parent:      parent,
		CryptoKeyId: id,
		CryptoKey: &kmspb.CryptoKey{
			Purpose: kmspb.CryptoKey_ENCRYPT_DECRYPT,
			VersionTemplate: &kmspb.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate{
				ProtectionLevel: kmspb.ProtectionLevel_HSM,
				Algorithm:       kmspb.CryptoKeyVersion_GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION,
			},

			// Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
			DestroyScheduledDuration: durationpb.New(24 * time.Hour),
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateCryptoKey(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Java e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRingName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.ProtectionLevel;
import com.google.protobuf.Duration;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateKeyHsm {

  public void createKeyHsm() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String id = "my-hsm-key";
    createKeyHsm(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, id);
  }

  // Create a new key that is stored in an HSM.
  public void createKeyHsm(String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String id)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project, location, and key ring.
      KeyRingName keyRingName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Build the hsm key to create.
      CryptoKey key =
          CryptoKey.newBuilder()
              .setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose.ENCRYPT_DECRYPT)
              .setVersionTemplate(
                  CryptoKeyVersionTemplate.newBuilder()
                      .setProtectionLevel(ProtectionLevel.HSM)
                      .setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION))

              // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
              .setDestroyScheduledDuration(Duration.newBuilder().setSeconds(24 * 60 * 60))
              .build();

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKey createdKey = client.createCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);
      System.out.printf("Created hsm key %s%n", createdKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento do Node.js e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const id = 'my-hsm-encryption-key';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent key ring name
const keyRingName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function createKeyHsm() {
  const [key] = await client.createCryptoKey({
    parent: keyRingName,
    cryptoKeyId: id,
    cryptoKey: {
      purpose: 'ENCRYPT_DECRYPT',
      versionTemplate: {
        algorithm: 'GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION',
        protectionLevel: 'HSM',
      },

      // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before
      // destroying.
      destroyScheduledDuration: {seconds: 60 * 60 * 24},
    },
  });

  console.log(`Created hsm key: ${key.name}`);
  return key;
}

return createKeyHsm();

PHP

Para executar esse código, primeiro saiba como usar o PHP no Google Cloud e instalar o SDK do Cloud KMS para PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CreateCryptoKeyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey\CryptoKeyPurpose;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersion\CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\ProtectionLevel;
use Google\Protobuf\Duration;

function create_key_hsm(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $id = 'my-hsm-key'
): CryptoKey {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent key ring name.
    $keyRingName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Build the key.
    $key = (new CryptoKey())
        ->setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose::ENCRYPT_DECRYPT)
        ->setVersionTemplate((new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate())
            ->setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm::GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION)
            ->setProtectionLevel(ProtectionLevel::HSM)
        )

        // Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
        ->setDestroyScheduledDuration((new Duration())
            ->setSeconds(24 * 60 * 60)
        );

    // Call the API.
    $createCryptoKeyRequest = (new CreateCryptoKeyRequest())
        ->setParent($keyRingName)
        ->setCryptoKeyId($id)
        ->setCryptoKey($key);
    $createdKey = $client->createCryptoKey($createCryptoKeyRequest);
    printf('Created hsm key: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdKey->getName());

    return $createdKey;
}

Python

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Python e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Python.

import datetime

from google.cloud import kms
from google.protobuf import duration_pb2  # type: ignore

def create_key_hsm(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Creates a new key in Cloud KMS backed by Cloud HSM.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to create (e.g. 'my-hsm-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent key ring name.
    key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id)

    # Build the key.
    purpose = kms.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose.ENCRYPT_DECRYPT
    algorithm = (
        kms.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION
    )
    protection_level = kms.ProtectionLevel.HSM
    key = {
        "purpose": purpose,
        "version_template": {
            "algorithm": algorithm,
            "protection_level": protection_level,
        },
        # Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before
        # destroying.
        "destroy_scheduled_duration": duration_pb2.Duration().FromTimedelta(
            datetime.timedelta(days=1)
        ),
    }

    # Call the API.
    created_key = client.create_crypto_key(
        request={"parent": key_ring_name, "crypto_key_id": key_id, "crypto_key": key}
    )
    print(f"Created hsm key: {created_key.name}")
    return created_key

Ruby

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Ruby e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# id          = "my-hsm-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key ring name.
key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Build the key.
key = {
  purpose:          :ENCRYPT_DECRYPT,
  version_template: {
    algorithm:        :GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION,
    protection_level: :HSM
  },

  # Optional: customize how long key versions should be kept before destroying.
  destroy_scheduled_duration: {
    seconds: 24 * 60 * 60
  }
}

# Call the API.
created_key = client.create_crypto_key parent: key_ring_name, crypto_key_id: id, crypto_key: key
puts "Created hsm key: #{created_key.name}"

Criptografar dados

Agora que você tem uma chave, basta usá-la para criptografar um texto ou conteúdo binário.

gcloud

Para usar o Cloud KMS na linha de comando, primeiro instale ou faça upgrade para a versão mais recente da Google Cloud CLI.

gcloud kms encrypt \
    --key key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location  \
    --plaintext-file file-with-data-to-encrypt \
    --ciphertext-file file-to-store-encrypted-data

Substitua key pelo nome da chave a ser usada para criptografia. Substitua key-ring pelo nome do keyring em que a chave está localizada. Substitua location pelo local do Cloud KMS para o keyring. Substitua file-with-data-to-encrypt e file-to-store-encrypted-data pelos caminhos de arquivo local para ler os dados de texto simples e salvar a saída criptografada.

Para informações sobre todas as sinalizações e valores possíveis, execute o comando com a sinalização --help.

C#

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento C# e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para C#.


using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf;
using System.Text;

public class EncryptSymmetricSample
{
    public byte[] EncryptSymmetric(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key",
      string message = "Sample message")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the key name.
        CryptoKeyName keyName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // Convert the message into bytes. Cryptographic plaintexts and
        // ciphertexts are always byte arrays.
        byte[] plaintext = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message);

        // Call the API.
        EncryptResponse result = client.Encrypt(keyName, ByteString.CopyFrom(plaintext));

        // Return the ciphertext.
        return result.Ciphertext.ToByteArray();
    }
}

Go

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Go e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"hash/crc32"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/wrapperspb"
)

// encryptSymmetric encrypts the input plaintext with the specified symmetric
// Cloud KMS key.
func encryptSymmetric(w io.Writer, name string, message string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"
	// message := "Sample message"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Convert the message into bytes. Cryptographic plaintexts and
	// ciphertexts are always byte arrays.
	plaintext := []byte(message)

	// Optional but recommended: Compute plaintext's CRC32C.
	crc32c := func(data []byte) uint32 {
		t := crc32.MakeTable(crc32.Castagnoli)
		return crc32.Checksum(data, t)
	}
	plaintextCRC32C := crc32c(plaintext)

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.EncryptRequest{
		Name:            name,
		Plaintext:       plaintext,
		PlaintextCrc32C: wrapperspb.Int64(int64(plaintextCRC32C)),
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.Encrypt(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to encrypt: %w", err)
	}

	// Optional, but recommended: perform integrity verification on result.
	// For more details on ensuring E2E in-transit integrity to and from Cloud KMS visit:
	// https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/data-integrity-guidelines
	if result.VerifiedPlaintextCrc32C == false {
		return fmt.Errorf("Encrypt: request corrupted in-transit")
	}
	if int64(crc32c(result.Ciphertext)) != result.CiphertextCrc32C.Value {
		return fmt.Errorf("Encrypt: response corrupted in-transit")
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Encrypted ciphertext: %s", result.Ciphertext)
	return nil
}

Java

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Java e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.EncryptResponse;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import java.io.IOException;

public class EncryptSymmetric {

  public void encryptSymmetric() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    String plaintext = "Plaintext to encrypt";
    encryptSymmetric(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, plaintext);
  }

  // Encrypt data with a given key.
  public void encryptSymmetric(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId, String plaintext)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the key version name from the project, location, key ring, key,
      // and key version.
      CryptoKeyName keyVersionName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // Encrypt the plaintext.
      EncryptResponse response = client.encrypt(keyVersionName, ByteString.copyFromUtf8(plaintext));
      System.out.printf("Ciphertext: %s%n", response.getCiphertext().toStringUtf8());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento do Node.js e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const plaintextBuffer = Buffer.from('...');

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the key name
const keyName = client.cryptoKeyPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

// Optional, but recommended: compute plaintext's CRC32C.
const crc32c = require('fast-crc32c');
const plaintextCrc32c = crc32c.calculate(plaintextBuffer);

async function encryptSymmetric() {
  const [encryptResponse] = await client.encrypt({
    name: keyName,
    plaintext: plaintextBuffer,
    plaintextCrc32c: {
      value: plaintextCrc32c,
    },
  });

  const ciphertext = encryptResponse.ciphertext;

  // Optional, but recommended: perform integrity verification on encryptResponse.
  // For more details on ensuring E2E in-transit integrity to and from Cloud KMS visit:
  // https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/data-integrity-guidelines
  if (!encryptResponse.verifiedPlaintextCrc32c) {
    throw new Error('Encrypt: request corrupted in-transit');
  }
  if (
    crc32c.calculate(ciphertext) !==
    Number(encryptResponse.ciphertextCrc32c.value)
  ) {
    throw new Error('Encrypt: response corrupted in-transit');
  }

  console.log(`Ciphertext: ${ciphertext.toString('base64')}`);
  return ciphertext;
}

return encryptSymmetric();

PHP

Para executar esse código, primeiro saiba como usar o PHP no Google Cloud e instalar o SDK do Cloud KMS para PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\EncryptRequest;

function encrypt_symmetric(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key',
    string $plaintext = '...'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the key name.
    $keyName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // Call the API.
    $encryptRequest = (new EncryptRequest())
        ->setName($keyName)
        ->setPlaintext($plaintext);
    $encryptResponse = $client->encrypt($encryptRequest);
    printf('Ciphertext: %s' . PHP_EOL, $encryptResponse->getCiphertext());

    return $encryptResponse;
}

Python

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Python e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Python.


# Import base64 for printing the ciphertext.
import base64

# Import the client library.
from google.cloud import kms

def encrypt_symmetric(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str, plaintext: str
) -> bytes:
    """
    Encrypt plaintext using a symmetric key.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').
        plaintext (string): message to encrypt

    Returns:
        bytes: Encrypted ciphertext.

    """

    # Convert the plaintext to bytes.
    plaintext_bytes = plaintext.encode("utf-8")

    # Optional, but recommended: compute plaintext's CRC32C.
    # See crc32c() function defined below.
    plaintext_crc32c = crc32c(plaintext_bytes)

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the key name.
    key_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # Call the API.
    encrypt_response = client.encrypt(
        request={
            "name": key_name,
            "plaintext": plaintext_bytes,
            "plaintext_crc32c": plaintext_crc32c,
        }
    )

    # Optional, but recommended: perform integrity verification on encrypt_response.
    # For more details on ensuring E2E in-transit integrity to and from Cloud KMS visit:
    # https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/data-integrity-guidelines
    if not encrypt_response.verified_plaintext_crc32c:
        raise Exception("The request sent to the server was corrupted in-transit.")
    if not encrypt_response.ciphertext_crc32c == crc32c(encrypt_response.ciphertext):
        raise Exception(
            "The response received from the server was corrupted in-transit."
        )
    # End integrity verification

    print(f"Ciphertext: {base64.b64encode(encrypt_response.ciphertext)}")
    return encrypt_response

def crc32c(data: bytes) -> int:
    """
    Calculates the CRC32C checksum of the provided data.

    Args:
        data: the bytes over which the checksum should be calculated.

    Returns:
        An int representing the CRC32C checksum of the provided bytes.
    """
    import crcmod  # type: ignore

    crc32c_fun = crcmod.predefined.mkPredefinedCrcFun("crc-32c")
    return crc32c_fun(data)

Ruby

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Ruby e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"
# plaintext  = "..."

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key name.
key_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                  location:   location_id,
                                  key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                  crypto_key: key_id

# Call the API.
response = client.encrypt name: key_name, plaintext: plaintext
puts "Ciphertext: #{Base64.strict_encode64 response.ciphertext}"

API

Estes exemplos usam curl como um cliente HTTP para demonstrar o uso da API. Para mais informações sobre controle de acesso, consulte Como acessar a API Cloud KMS.

Ao usar o JSON e a API REST, o conteúdo precisa ser codificado em Base64 antes de ser criptografado pelo Cloud KMS.

Para criptografar dados, faça uma solicitação POST e forneça as informações apropriadas do projeto e da chave. Além disso, especifique o texto codificado em base64 a ser criptografado no campo plaintext do corpo da solicitação.

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/locations/location/keyRings/key-ring-name/cryptoKeys/key-name:encrypt" \
  --request "POST" \
  --header "authorization: Bearer token" \
  --header "content-type: application/json" \
  --data "{\"plaintext\": \"base64-encoded-input\"}"

Veja um exemplo de payload com dados codificados em base64:

{
  "plaintext": "U3VwZXIgc2VjcmV0IHRleHQgdGhhdCBtdXN0IGJlIGVuY3J5cHRlZAo=",
}

Descriptografar texto

Para fazer isso, use a mesma chave com que o conteúdo foi criptografado.

gcloud

Para usar o Cloud KMS na linha de comando, primeiro instale ou faça upgrade para a versão mais recente da Google Cloud CLI.

gcloud kms decrypt \
    --key key \
    --keyring key-ring \
    --location location  \
    --ciphertext-file file-path-with-encrypted-data \
    --plaintext-file file-path-to-store-plaintext

Substitua key pelo nome da chave a ser usada para descriptografia. Substitua key-ring pelo nome do keyring em que a chave estará localizada. Substitua location pelo local do Cloud KMS para o keyring. Substitua file-path-with-encrypted-data e file-path-to-store-plaintext pelos caminhos de arquivo locais para ler os dados criptografados e salvar a saída descriptografada.

Para informações sobre todas as sinalizações e valores possíveis, execute o comando com a sinalização --help.

C#

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento C# e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para C#.


using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf;
using System.Text;

public class DecryptSymmetricSample
{
    public string DecryptSymmetric(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key",
      byte[] ciphertext = null)
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the key name.
        CryptoKeyName keyName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // Call the API.
        DecryptResponse result = client.Decrypt(keyName, ByteString.CopyFrom(ciphertext));

        // Get the plaintext. Cryptographic plaintexts and ciphertexts are
        // always byte arrays.
        byte[] plaintext = result.Plaintext.ToByteArray();

        // Return the result.
        return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plaintext);
    }
}

Go

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Go e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"hash/crc32"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/wrapperspb"
)

// decryptSymmetric will decrypt the input ciphertext bytes using the specified symmetric key.
func decryptSymmetric(w io.Writer, name string, ciphertext []byte) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"
	// ciphertext := []byte("...")  // result of a symmetric encryption call

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Optional, but recommended: Compute ciphertext's CRC32C.
	crc32c := func(data []byte) uint32 {
		t := crc32.MakeTable(crc32.Castagnoli)
		return crc32.Checksum(data, t)
	}
	ciphertextCRC32C := crc32c(ciphertext)

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.DecryptRequest{
		Name:             name,
		Ciphertext:       ciphertext,
		CiphertextCrc32C: wrapperspb.Int64(int64(ciphertextCRC32C)),
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.Decrypt(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to decrypt ciphertext: %w", err)
	}

	// Optional, but recommended: perform integrity verification on result.
	// For more details on ensuring E2E in-transit integrity to and from Cloud KMS visit:
	// https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/data-integrity-guidelines
	if int64(crc32c(result.Plaintext)) != result.PlaintextCrc32C.Value {
		return fmt.Errorf("Decrypt: response corrupted in-transit")
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Decrypted plaintext: %s", result.Plaintext)
	return nil
}

Java

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Java e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Java.

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.DecryptResponse;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import java.io.IOException;

public class DecryptSymmetric {

  public void decryptSymmetric() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    byte[] ciphertext = null;
    decryptSymmetric(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, ciphertext);
  }

  // Decrypt data that was encrypted using a symmetric key.
  public void decryptSymmetric(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId, byte[] ciphertext)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the key version name from the project, location, key ring, and
      // key.
      CryptoKeyName keyName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // Decrypt the response.
      DecryptResponse response = client.decrypt(keyName, ByteString.copyFrom(ciphertext));
      System.out.printf("Plaintext: %s%n", response.getPlaintext().toStringUtf8());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento do Node.js e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Node.js.

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// Ciphertext must be either a Buffer object or a base-64 encoded string
// const ciphertext = Buffer.from('...');

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the key name
const keyName = client.cryptoKeyPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

// Optional, but recommended: compute ciphertext's CRC32C.
const crc32c = require('fast-crc32c');
const ciphertextCrc32c = crc32c.calculate(ciphertext);

async function decryptSymmetric() {
  const [decryptResponse] = await client.decrypt({
    name: keyName,
    ciphertext: ciphertext,
    ciphertextCrc32c: {
      value: ciphertextCrc32c,
    },
  });

  // Optional, but recommended: perform integrity verification on decryptResponse.
  // For more details on ensuring E2E in-transit integrity to and from Cloud KMS visit:
  // https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/data-integrity-guidelines
  if (
    crc32c.calculate(decryptResponse.plaintext) !==
    Number(decryptResponse.plaintextCrc32c.value)
  ) {
    throw new Error('Decrypt: response corrupted in-transit');
  }

  const plaintext = decryptResponse.plaintext.toString();

  console.log(`Plaintext: ${plaintext}`);
  return plaintext;
}

return decryptSymmetric();

PHP

Para executar esse código, primeiro saiba como usar o PHP no Google Cloud e instalar o SDK do Cloud KMS para PHP.

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\DecryptRequest;

function decrypt_symmetric(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key',
    string $ciphertext = '...'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the key name.
    $keyName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // Call the API.
    $decryptRequest = (new DecryptRequest())
        ->setName($keyName)
        ->setCiphertext($ciphertext);
    $decryptResponse = $client->decrypt($decryptRequest);
    printf('Plaintext: %s' . PHP_EOL, $decryptResponse->getPlaintext());

    return $decryptResponse;
}

Python

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Python e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Python.

from google.cloud import kms

def decrypt_symmetric(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str, ciphertext: bytes
) -> kms.DecryptResponse:
    """
    Decrypt the ciphertext using the symmetric key

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').
        ciphertext (bytes): Encrypted bytes to decrypt.

    Returns:
        DecryptResponse: Response including plaintext.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the key name.
    key_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # Optional, but recommended: compute ciphertext's CRC32C.
    # See crc32c() function defined below.
    ciphertext_crc32c = crc32c(ciphertext)

    # Call the API.
    decrypt_response = client.decrypt(
        request={
            "name": key_name,
            "ciphertext": ciphertext,
            "ciphertext_crc32c": ciphertext_crc32c,
        }
    )

    # Optional, but recommended: perform integrity verification on decrypt_response.
    # For more details on ensuring E2E in-transit integrity to and from Cloud KMS visit:
    # https://cloud.google.com/kms/docs/data-integrity-guidelines
    if not decrypt_response.plaintext_crc32c == crc32c(decrypt_response.plaintext):
        raise Exception(
            "The response received from the server was corrupted in-transit."
        )
    # End integrity verification

    print(f"Plaintext: {decrypt_response.plaintext!r}")
    return decrypt_response

def crc32c(data: bytes) -> int:
    """
    Calculates the CRC32C checksum of the provided data.
    Args:
        data: the bytes over which the checksum should be calculated.
    Returns:
        An int representing the CRC32C checksum of the provided bytes.
    """
    import crcmod  # type: ignore

    crc32c_fun = crcmod.predefined.mkPredefinedCrcFun("crc-32c")
    return crc32c_fun(data)

Ruby

Para executar esse código, primeiro configure um ambiente de desenvolvimento Ruby e instale o SDK do Cloud KMS para Ruby.

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"
# ciphertext  = "..."

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key name.
key_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                  location:   location_id,
                                  key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                  crypto_key: key_id

# Call the API.
response = client.decrypt name: key_name, ciphertext: ciphertext
puts "Plaintext: #{response.plaintext}"

API

Estes exemplos usam curl como um cliente HTTP para demonstrar o uso da API. Para mais informações sobre controle de acesso, consulte Como acessar a API Cloud KMS.

O texto descriptografado retornado no JSON do Cloud KMS é codificado em base64.

Para descriptografar dados criptografados, crie uma solicitação POST e forneça as informações apropriadas do projeto e da chave. Além disso, especifique o texto criptografado a ser descriptografado no campo ciphertext do corpo da solicitação.

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project-id/locations/location/keyRings/key-ring-name/cryptoKeys/key-name:decrypt" \
  --request "POST" \
  --header "authorization: Bearer token" \
  --header "content-type: application/json" \
  --data "{\"ciphertext\": \"encrypted-content\"}"

Veja um exemplo de payload com dados codificados em base64:

{
  "ciphertext": "CiQAhMwwBo61cHas7dDgifrUFs5zNzBJ2uZtVFq4ZPEl6fUVT4kSmQ...",
}

Próximas etapas

Limitações conhecidas

  • O tamanho da mensagem é limitado a 8 KiB (em vez de 64 KiB para chaves de software do Cloud KMS) para texto simples e texto criptografado fornecido pelo usuário, incluindo dados autenticados adicionais.

  • O Cloud HSM pode não estar disponível em determinadas regiões ou duas regiões. Para mais detalhes, consulte as regiões compatíveis com o Cloud HSM.

  • Se você usar chaves do Cloud HSM com integrações de chave de criptografia gerenciada pelo cliente (CMEK) em outros serviços do Google Cloud, os locais usados para os serviços precisarão corresponder exatamente aos locais das chaves do Cloud HSM. Isso se aplica a locais regionais, birregionais e multirregionais.

    Para mais informações sobre integrações do CMEK, consulte a seção relevante de Criptografia em repouso.

  • Atualmente, as operações principais para chaves assimétricas armazenadas no Cloud HSM podem gerar uma latência visivelmente maior em comparação com o uso de chaves de software do Cloud KMS.

HSMs particulares hospedados

O Google Cloud oferece mais opções de HSM, como locatário único. O HSM particular hospedado está disponível para que os clientes hospedem os próprios HSMs em um espaço fornecido pelo Google. Entre em contato com seu representante de conta para mais informações.