停用和启用服务账号

本页面介绍了如何使用 Identity and Access Management (IAM) API、Google Cloud 控制台和 gcloud CLI 停用和启用服务账号。

准备工作

  • Enable the IAM API.

    Enable the API

  • 设置身份验证。

    Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:

    Console

    When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.

    gcloud

    In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

    Activate Cloud Shell

    At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

    C#

    如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 .NET 示例,请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

    1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init
    3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

      gcloud auth application-default login

      You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证

    C++

    如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 C++ 示例,请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

    1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init
    3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

      gcloud auth application-default login

      You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证

    Go

    如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Go 示例,请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

    1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init
    3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

      gcloud auth application-default login

      You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证

    Java

    如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Java 示例,请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

    1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init
    3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

      gcloud auth application-default login

      You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证

    Python

    如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Python 示例,请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI,然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

    1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init
    3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

      gcloud auth application-default login

      You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

    如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证

    REST

    如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 REST API 示例,请使用您提供给 gcloud CLI 的凭据。

      Install the Google Cloud CLI, then initialize it by running the following command:

      gcloud init

    如需了解详情,请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的使用 REST 时进行身份验证

  • 了解 IAM 服务账号

所需的角色

如需获得管理服务账号所需的权限,请让管理员向您授予项目的 Service Account Admin (roles/iam.serviceAccountAdmin) IAM 角色。 如需详细了解如何授予角色,请参阅管理访问权限

您也可以通过自定义角色或其他预定义角色来获取所需的权限。

如需详细了解此角色,请参阅服务账号角色

IAM 基本角色也具有管理服务账号的权限。您不应在生产环境中授予基本角色,但可以在开发或测试环境中授予这些角色。

停用服务账号

与删除服务账号类似,当您停用服务账号后,应用将无法再通过该服务账号来访问 Google Cloud 资源。如果停用默认 App Engine 和 Compute Engine 服务账号,实例将无法再访问项目中的资源。如果您尝试停用已停用的服务账号,则操作无效。

与删除服务账号不同的是,您可根据需要轻松重新启用已停用的服务账号。我们建议在删除服务账号之前,先执行停用,以防有关键应用正在使用该服务账号。

控制台

  1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中,转到服务账号页面。

    转到“服务账号”

  2. 选择一个项目。

  3. 点击要停用的服务账号的名称。

  4. 服务账号状态下,点击停用服务账号,然后点击停用确认更改。

gcloud

  1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

    Activate Cloud Shell

    At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

  2. 执行 gcloud iam service-accounts disable 命令可停用服务账号。

    命令:

    gcloud iam service-accounts disable SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com

    输出如下:

    Disabled service account SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com

C++

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM C++ API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& name) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::DisableServiceAccountRequest request;
  request.set_name(name);
  auto response = client.DisableServiceAccount(request);
  if (!response.ok()) throw std::runtime_error(response.message());
  std::cout << "ServiceAccount successfully disabled.\n";
}

C#

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM C# API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作


using System;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class ServiceAccounts
{
    public static void DisableServiceAccount(string email)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        var request = new DisableServiceAccountRequest();

        string resource = "projects/-/serviceAccounts/" + email;
        service.Projects.ServiceAccounts.Disable(request, resource).Execute();
        Console.WriteLine("Disabled service account: " + email);
    }
}

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// disableServiceAccount disables a service account.
func disableServiceAccount(w io.Writer, email string) error {
	// email:= service-account@your-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	request := &iam.DisableServiceAccountRequest{}
	_, err = service.Projects.ServiceAccounts.Disable("projects/-/serviceAccounts/"+email, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Projects.ServiceAccounts.Disable: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Disabled service account: %v", email)
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.iam.v1.Iam;
import com.google.api.services.iam.v1.IamScopes;
import com.google.api.services.iam.v1.model.DisableServiceAccountRequest;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Collections;

public class DisableServiceAccount {

  // Disables a service account.
  public static void disableServiceAccount(String projectId, String serviceAccountName) {
    // String projectId = "my-project-id";
    // String serviceAccountName = "my-service-account-name";

    Iam service = null;
    try {
      service = initService();
    } catch (IOException | GeneralSecurityException e) {
      System.out.println("Unable to initialize service: \n" + e.toString());
      return;
    }

    String serviceAccountEmail = serviceAccountName + "@" + projectId + ".iam.gserviceaccount.com";
    try {
      DisableServiceAccountRequest request = new DisableServiceAccountRequest();
      service
          .projects()
          .serviceAccounts()
          .disable("projects/-/serviceAccounts/" + serviceAccountEmail, request)
          .execute();

      System.out.println("Disabled service account: " + serviceAccountEmail);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Unable to disable service account: \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }

  private static Iam initService() throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
    // Use the Application Default Credentials strategy for authentication. For more info, see:
    // https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production#finding_credentials_automatically
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(IamScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));
    // Initialize the IAM service, which can be used to send requests to the IAM API.
    Iam service =
        new Iam.Builder(
                GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport(),
                GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
                new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential))
            .setApplicationName("service-accounts")
            .build();
    return service;
  }
}

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

import os

from google.oauth2 import service_account  # type: ignore
import googleapiclient.discovery  # type: ignore

def disable_service_account(email: str) -> None:
    """Disables a service account."""

    credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
        filename=os.environ["GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS"],
        scopes=["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform"],
    )

    service = googleapiclient.discovery.build("iam", "v1", credentials=credentials)

    service.projects().serviceAccounts().disable(
        name="projects/-/serviceAccounts/" + email
    ).execute()

    print("Disabled service account :" + email)

REST

serviceAccounts.disable 方法可立即停用服务账号。

在使用任何请求数据之前,请先进行以下替换:

  • PROJECT_ID:您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID。项目 ID 是字母数字字符串,例如 my-project
  • SA_ID:您的服务账号的 ID。此 ID 可以是服务账号的电子邮件地址(格式为 SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com)或服务账号的唯一数字 ID。

HTTP 方法和网址:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_ID:disable

如需发送您的请求,请展开以下选项之一:

如果成功,则响应正文将为空。

启用服务账号

启用已停用的服务账号后,应用便能够重新通过该服务账号访问 Google Cloud 资源。

您可以根据需要随时启用已停用的服务账号。如果您尝试启用已启用的服务账号,则操作无效。

控制台

  1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中,转到服务账号页面。

    转到“服务账号”

  2. 选择一个项目。

  3. 点击要启用的服务账号的名称。

  4. 服务账号状态下,点击启用服务账号,然后点击启用确认更改。

gcloud

  1. In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

    Activate Cloud Shell

    At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

  2. 执行 gcloud iam service-accounts enable 命令可启用服务账号。

    命令:

    gcloud iam service-accounts enable SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com

    输出如下:

    Enabled service account SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com

C++

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM C++ API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

namespace iam = ::google::cloud::iam_admin_v1;
[](std::string const& name) {
  iam::IAMClient client(iam::MakeIAMConnection());
  google::iam::admin::v1::EnableServiceAccountRequest request;
  request.set_name(name);
  auto response = client.EnableServiceAccount(request);
  if (!response.ok()) throw std::runtime_error(response.message());
  std::cout << "ServiceAccount successfully enabled.\n";
}

C#

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM C# API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作


using System;
using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1.Data;

public partial class ServiceAccounts
{
    public static void EnableServiceAccount(string email)
    {
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);
        var service = new IamService(new IamService.Initializer
        {
            HttpClientInitializer = credential
        });

        var request = new EnableServiceAccountRequest();

        string resource = "projects/-/serviceAccounts/" + email;
        service.Projects.ServiceAccounts.Enable(request, resource).Execute();
        Console.WriteLine("Enabled service account: " + email);
    }
}

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "google.golang.org/api/iam/v1"
)

// enableServiceAccount enables a service account.
func enableServiceAccount(w io.Writer, email string) error {
	// email:= service-account@your-project.iam.gserviceaccount.com
	ctx := context.Background()
	service, err := iam.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("iam.NewService: %w", err)
	}

	request := &iam.EnableServiceAccountRequest{}
	_, err = service.Projects.ServiceAccounts.Enable("projects/-/serviceAccounts/"+email, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Projects.ServiceAccounts.Enable: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Enabled service account: %v", email)
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

import com.google.api.client.googleapis.javanet.GoogleNetHttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.json.gson.GsonFactory;
import com.google.api.services.iam.v1.Iam;
import com.google.api.services.iam.v1.IamScopes;
import com.google.api.services.iam.v1.model.EnableServiceAccountRequest;
import com.google.auth.http.HttpCredentialsAdapter;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Collections;

public class EnableServiceAccount {

  // Enables a service account.
  public static void enableServiceAccount(String projectId, String serviceAccountName) {
    // String projectId = "my-project-id";
    // String serviceAccountName = "my-service-account-name";

    Iam service = null;
    try {
      service = initService();
    } catch (IOException | GeneralSecurityException e) {
      System.out.println("Unable to initialize service: \n" + e.toString());
      return;
    }

    String serviceAccountEmail = serviceAccountName + "@" + projectId + ".iam.gserviceaccount.com";
    try {
      EnableServiceAccountRequest request = new EnableServiceAccountRequest();
      service
          .projects()
          .serviceAccounts()
          .enable("projects/-/serviceAccounts/" + serviceAccountEmail, request)
          .execute();

      System.out.println("Enabled service account: " + serviceAccountEmail);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Unable to enable service account: \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }

  private static Iam initService() throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
    // Use the Application Default Credentials strategy for authentication. For more info, see:
    // https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production#finding_credentials_automatically
    GoogleCredentials credential =
        GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
            .createScoped(Collections.singleton(IamScopes.CLOUD_PLATFORM));
    // Initialize the IAM service, which can be used to send requests to the IAM API.
    Iam service =
        new Iam.Builder(
                GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport(),
                GsonFactory.getDefaultInstance(),
                new HttpCredentialsAdapter(credential))
            .setApplicationName("service-accounts")
            .build();
    return service;
  }
}

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库,请参阅 IAM 客户端库。如需了解详情,请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证,请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情,请参阅准备工作

import os

from google.oauth2 import service_account  # type: ignore
import googleapiclient.discovery  # type: ignore

def enable_service_account(email: str) -> None:
    """Enables a service account."""

    credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
        filename=os.environ["GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS"],
        scopes=["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform"],
    )

    service = googleapiclient.discovery.build("iam", "v1", credentials=credentials)

    service.projects().serviceAccounts().enable(
        name="projects/-/serviceAccounts/" + email
    ).execute()

    print("Enabled service account :" + email)

REST

serviceAccounts.enable 方法可启用先前停用的服务账号。

在使用任何请求数据之前,请先进行以下替换:

  • PROJECT_ID:您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID。项目 ID 是字母数字字符串,例如 my-project
  • SA_ID:您的服务账号的 ID。此 ID 可以是服务账号的电子邮件地址(格式为 SA_NAME@PROJECT_ID.iam.gserviceaccount.com)或服务账号的唯一数字 ID。

HTTP 方法和网址:

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/serviceAccounts/SA_ID:enable

如需发送您的请求,请展开以下选项之一:

如果成功,则响应正文将为空。

后续步骤

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