拒绝访问资源

本页面介绍了如何通过阻止主账号使用特定的 Identity and Access Management (IAM) 权限来拒绝其访问。

在 IAM 中，您可以使用拒绝政策拒绝访问。每个拒绝政策都会附加到 Google Cloud 组织、文件夹或项目。拒绝政策包含拒绝规则，用于标识主账号并列出主账号无法使用的权限。

拒绝政策与允许政策（也称为 IAM 政策）是相互独立的。允许政策通过向主账号授予 IAM 角色来提供对资源的访问权限。

您可以使用 Google Cloud 控制台、Google Cloud CLI 或 IAM v2 REST API 来管理拒绝政策。

准备工作

• Enable the IAM API.

  Enable the API

• 设置身份验证。

  Select the tab for how you plan to use the samples on this page:

  Console

  When you use the Google Cloud console to access Google Cloud services and APIs, you don't need to set up authentication.

  gcloud

  In the Google Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

  Activate Cloud Shell

  At the bottom of the Google Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

  Terraform

  如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Terraform 示例，请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI，然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

  Go

  如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Go 示例，请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI，然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

  Java

  如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Java 示例，请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI，然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

  Node.js

  如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Node.js 示例，请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI，然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

  Python

  如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 Python 示例，请安装并初始化 gcloud CLI，然后使用您的用户凭据设置应用默认凭据。

  1. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

  2. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

     gcloud init

  3. If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

     gcloud auth application-default login

     You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

  如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

  REST

  如需在本地开发环境中使用本页面上的 REST API 示例，请使用您提供给 gcloud CLI 的凭据。

  Install the Google Cloud CLI, then initialize it by running the following command:

  gcloud init

  如需了解详情，请参阅 Google Cloud 身份验证文档中的使用 REST 时进行身份验证。

• 阅读拒绝政策概览。

所需的角色

如需获得管理拒绝政策所需的权限，请让管理员向您授予组织的以下 IAM 角色：

• Deny Reviewer (roles/iam.denyReviewer)（如需查看拒绝政策）
• Deny Admin (roles/iam.denyAdmin)（如需查看、创建、更新和删除拒绝政策）

如需详细了解如何授予角色，请参阅管理对项目、文件夹和组织的访问权限。

这些预定义角色包含管理拒绝政策所需的权限。如需查看所需的确切权限，请展开所需权限部分：

所需权限

您需要具备以下权限才能管理拒绝政策：

• 如需查看拒绝政策：
  • iam.denypolicies.get
  • iam.denypolicies.list
• 如需创建、更新和删除拒绝政策：
  • iam.denypolicies.create
  • iam.denypolicies.delete
  • iam.denypolicies.get
  • iam.denypolicies.update

您也可以使用自定义角色或其他预定义角色来获取这些权限。

确定要拒绝的权限

在创建拒绝政策之前，您必须确定要拒绝的权限以及应该拒绝这些权限的主账号。

只能拒绝部分权限。如需查看您可以拒绝的权限列表，请参阅拒绝政策中支持的权限。

在某些情况下，您还可以使用权限组来拒绝权限集。 如需了解详情，请参阅权限组。

您可以使用 v2 REST API 管理拒绝政策，该 API 需要特殊格式的权限名称。例如，用于创建 IAM 自定义角色的权限如下所示：

• v1 API: iam.roles.create
• v2 API: iam.googleapis.com/roles.create

创建拒绝政策

您可以向组织、文件夹和项目中添加拒绝政策。每个资源最多可以有 500 个拒绝政策。

拒绝政策包含拒绝规则，用于指定以下内容：

• 要拒绝的权限。
• 这些权限拒绝的主账号。

• 可选：在权限拒绝的范围中排除的主账号。

  例如，您可以拒绝针对某个群组的权限，但排除该群组中的特定用户。

• 可选：条件表达式，用于指定主账号何时无法使用权限。在拒绝政策中，条件表达式只能使用资源标记类函数，不支持其他函数和运算符。

每个资源在其所有附加的拒绝政策中最多可以有 500 条拒绝规则。

拒绝政策通过资源层次结构进行继承。例如，如果您在组织级层拒绝某项权限，则在该组织内的文件夹和项目中以及每个项目中特定于服务的资源上也会被拒绝。

拒绝政策会替换允许政策。如果主账号被授予某个包含特定权限的角色，但拒绝政策指出主账号无法使用该权限，则主账号无法使用该权限。

注意：政策更改通常会在 2 分钟内生效。但是，在某些情况下，更改可能需要长达 7 分钟的时间才能传播到整个系统。

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，转到 IAM 页面上的拒绝标签页。

   转到 IAM

2. 选择一个项目、文件夹或组织。

3. 点击 创建拒绝访问政策。

4. 在政策名称部分中，通过执行以下任一操作来定义政策 ID：

   • 在显示名字段中，输入政策的显示名。填写此字段会自动填写 ID 字段。如果您想更改政策的 ID，请更新ID 字段中的文本。
   • 在 ID 字段中，输入政策的 ID。

5. 在拒绝规则部分中，定义政策的拒绝规则。每项拒绝政策都必须至少包含一条拒绝规则。如需添加其他拒绝规则，请点击添加拒绝规则。

   对于每条拒绝规则，请执行以下操作：

   1. 在拒绝的主账号字段中，添加您要禁止使用指定权限的一个或多个主账号。主账号可以是 IAM v2 主账号标识符列表中的任何主账号类型，但 ID 以 deleted: 开头的主账号除外。
   2. 可选：在例外主账号字段中，添加您希望能够使用指定权限的主账号，即使这些主账号包含在拒绝的主账号部分中也是如此。例如，您可以使用此字段来排除属于被拒群组的特定用户。

   3. 在拒绝的权限部分中，添加您要拒绝的权限。这些权限必须在拒绝政策中受支持。

      在某些情况下，您还可以使用权限组来拒绝权限集。如需了解详情，请参阅权限组。

   4. 可选：添加例外权限。例外权限是指您不希望此拒绝规则拒绝的权限，即使这些权限包含在被拒绝权限列表中也是如此。例如，您可以使用此字段来排除权限组中的特定权限。

      如需添加例外权限，请点击例外权限，点击 添加其他权限，然后在权限 1 字段中输入权限。继续添加权限，直到添加完您要从拒绝政策中排除的所有权限。

   5. 可选：添加拒绝条件，以指定主账号何时无法使用权限。如需添加拒绝条件，请点击 添加拒绝条件，然后定义以下字段：

      • 标题：可选。条件目的的简要摘要。
      • 说明：可选。 条件的详细说明。

      • 条件表达式：您可以使用条件构建器或条件编辑器添加条件表达式。条件构建器提供一个交互式界面，用于选择所需的条件类型、运算符以及有关表达式的其他适用详情。条件编辑器提供基于文本的界面，可使用通用表达式语言 (CEL) 语法手动输入表达式。

        拒绝条件必须基于资源标记。不支持其他函数和运算符。

6. 点击创建。

gcloud

如需为资源创建拒绝政策，请先创建包含政策的 JSON 文件。拒绝政策使用以下格式：

{
  "displayName": "POLICY_NAME",
  "rules": [
    {
      "denyRule": DENY_RULE_1
    },
    {
      "denyRule": DENY_RULE_2
    },
    {
      "denyRule": DENY_RULE_N
    }
  ]
}

请提供以下值：

• POLICY_NAME：拒绝政策的显示名。

• DENY_RULE_1、DENY_RULE_2、...DENY_RULE_N：政策中的拒绝规则。每个拒绝规则都可以包含以下字段：

  • deniedPermissions：指定的主账号无法使用的权限列表。这些权限必须在拒绝政策中受支持。

    在某些情况下，您还可以使用权限组来拒绝权限集。如需了解详情，请参阅权限组。

  • exceptionPermissions：指定的主账号可以使用的权限列表，即使这些权限包含在 deniedPermissions 中也是如此。例如，您可以使用此字段来排除一组权限中的特定权限。
  • deniedPrincipals：无法使用指定权限的主账号列表。为主账号标识符使用 v2 API 格式。
  • exceptionPrincipals：可选。可以使用指定权限的主账号列表，即使这些主账号包含在 deniedPrincipals 中也是如此。例如，您可以使用此字段来排除属于被拒群组的特定用户。为主账号标识符使用 v2 API 格式。

  • denialCondition：可选。条件表达式，用于指定主账号何时无法使用权限。包含以下字段：

    • expression：使用通用表达式语言 (CEL) 语法的条件表达式。表达式必须使用 CEL 函数来评估资源标记。不支持其他函数和运算符。
    • title：可选。条件目的的简要摘要。
    • description：可选。条件的详细说明。

  如需查看拒绝规则的示例，请参阅常见使用场景。

例如，以下拒绝政策包含一个拒绝规则，该规则拒绝针对用户 [e-mail] 的一个权限：

{
  "displayName": "My deny policy.",
  "rules": [
    {
      "denyRule": {
        "deniedPrincipals": [
          "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
        ],
        "deniedPermissions": [
          "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

接下来，运行 gcloud iam policies create 命令：

gcloud iam policies create POLICY_ID \
    --attachment-point=ATTACHMENT_POINT \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --policy-file=POLICY_FILE

请提供以下值：

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

• ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_FILE：包含拒绝政策的 JSON 文件的文件路径。

默认情况下，如果此命令执行成功，将不会输出任何输出内容。如需输出详细响应，请在命令中添加 --format=json 标志。

例如，以下命令使用名为 policy.json 的文件为项目 my-project 创建名为 my-deny-policy 的拒绝政策：

gcloud iam policies create my-deny-policy \
    --attachment-point=cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/my-project \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --policy-file=policy.json

Terraform

如需了解如何应用或移除 Terraform 配置，请参阅基本 Terraform 命令。 如需了解详情，请参阅 Terraform 提供程序参考文档。

data "google_project" "default" {
}

# Create a service account
resource "google_service_account" "default" {
  display_name = "IAM Deny Example - Service Account"
  account_id   = "example-sa"
  project      = data.google_project.default.project_id
}

# Create an IAM deny policy that denies a permission for the service account
resource "google_iam_deny_policy" "default" {
  provider     = google-beta
  parent       = urlencode("cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/${data.google_project.default.project_id}")
  name         = "my-deny-policy"
  display_name = "My deny policy."
  rules {
    deny_rule {
      denied_principals  = ["principal://iam.googleapis.com/projects/-/serviceAccounts/${google_service_account.default.email}"]
      denied_permissions = ["iam.googleapis.com/roles.create"]
    }
  }
}

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2/iampb"

	"google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/type/expr"
)

// createDenyPolicy creates a deny policy.
func createDenyPolicy(w io.Writer, projectID, policyID string) error {
	// You can add deny policies to organizations, folders, and projects.
	// Each of these resources can have up to 5 deny policies.
	// Deny policies contain deny rules, which specify the following:
	// 1. The permissions to deny and/or exempt.
	// 2. The principals that are denied, or exempted from denial.
	// 3. An optional condition on when to enforce the deny rules.

	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// policyID := "your_policy_id"

	ctx := context.Background()
	policiesClient, err := iam.NewPoliciesClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewPoliciesClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer policiesClient.Close()

	// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
	// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
	//
	// Its format can be one of the following:
	// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
	// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
	// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
	//
	// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
	// the "/" with "%%2F".
	attachmentPoint := fmt.Sprintf(
		"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%%2Fprojects%%2F%s",
		projectID,
	)

	denyRule := &iampb.DenyRule{
		// Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this rule.
		// For more information on allowed values,
		// see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/principal-identifiers
		DeniedPrincipals: []string{"principalSet://goog/public:all"},
		// Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the
		// list of denied principals. For example, if you want to deny certain permissions
		// to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
		// ExceptionPrincipals: []string{"principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]"},
		//
		// Set the permissions to deny.
		// The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
		// For the list of supported permissions,
		// see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
		DeniedPermissions: []string{"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete"},
		// Optionally, add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
		// Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
		// ExceptionPermissions: []string{"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.create"},
		//
		// Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
		// If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable.
		// Else, the rule will not be enforced.
		// The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL).
		// Here we block access based on tags.
		//
		// Here, we create a deny rule that denies the
		// cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission
		// to everyone except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged test.
		// A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder, or project.
		// For more info, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/deny-access#create-deny-policy
		DenialCondition: &expr.Expr{
			Expression: "!resource.matchTag('12345678/env', 'test')",
		},
	}

	// Add the deny rule and a description for it.
	policyRule := &iampb.PolicyRule{
		Description: "block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal is a member of [e-mail] and the project being deleted has a tag with the value test",
		Kind: &iampb.PolicyRule_DenyRule{
			DenyRule: denyRule,
		},
	}

	policy := &iampb.Policy{
		DisplayName: "Restrict project deletion access",
		Rules:       [](*iampb.PolicyRule){policyRule},
	}

	req := &iampb.CreatePolicyRequest{
		// Construct the full path of the resource's deny policies.
		// Its format is: "policies/ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies"
		Parent:   fmt.Sprintf("policies/%s/denypolicies", attachmentPoint),
		Policy:   policy,
		PolicyId: policyID,
	}
	op, err := policiesClient.CreatePolicy(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create policy: %w", err)
	}

	policy, err = op.Wait(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Policy %s created\n", policy.GetName())

	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import com.google.iam.v2.CreatePolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v2.DenyRule;
import com.google.iam.v2.PoliciesClient;
import com.google.iam.v2.Policy;
import com.google.iam.v2.PolicyRule;
import com.google.longrunning.Operation;
import com.google.type.Expr;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class CreateDenyPolicy {

  public static void main(String[] args)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    // ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";

    // Specify the id of the Deny policy you want to create.
    String policyId = "deny-policy-id";

    createDenyPolicy(projectId, policyId);
  }

  // Create a deny policy.
  // You can add deny policies to organizations, folders, and projects.
  // Each of these resources can have up to 5 deny policies.
  //
  // Deny policies contain deny rules, which specify the following:
  // 1. The permissions to deny and/or exempt.
  // 2. The principals that are denied, or exempted from denial.
  // 3. An optional condition on when to enforce the deny rules.
  public static void createDenyPolicy(String projectId, String policyId)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

    try (PoliciesClient policiesClient = PoliciesClient.create()) {
      // Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
      // To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
      //
      // Its format can be one of the following:
      // 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
      // 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
      // 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
      //
      // The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name.
      String urlEncodedResource =
          URLEncoder.encode(
              "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      String attachmentPoint = String.format("%s%s", urlEncodedResource, projectId);

      // Construct the full path of the resource to which the policy is attached.
      // Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
      String policyParent = String.format("policies/%s/denypolicies", attachmentPoint);

      DenyRule denyRule =
          DenyRule.newBuilder()
              // Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this
              // rule.
              // For more information on allowed values, see:
              // https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
              .addDeniedPrincipals("principalSet://goog/public:all")

              // Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the
              // list of denied principals. For example, if you want to deny certain permissions
              // to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
              // .addExceptionPrincipals(
              //     "principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]")

              // Set the permissions to deny.
              // The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
              // For the list of supported permissions, see:
              // https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
              .addDeniedPermissions("cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete")

              // Optionally, add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
              // Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
              // .addExceptionPermissions("cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.create")

              // Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule. If this condition is true,
              // the deny rule will be applicable. Else, the rule will not be enforced.
              .setDenialCondition(
                  Expr.newBuilder()
                      // The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL).
                      // Here we block access based on tags.
                      //
                      // A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder,
                      // or project. You can use deny policies to deny permissions based on tags
                      // without adding an IAM Condition to every role grant.
                      // For example, imagine that you tag all of your projects as dev, test, or
                      // prod. You want only members of [e-mail] to be able to
                      // perform operations on projects that are tagged prod.
                      // To solve this problem, you create a deny rule that denies the
                      // cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission to everyone
                      // except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged test.
                      .setExpression("!resource.matchTag('12345678/env', 'test')")
                      .setTitle("Only for test projects")
                      .build())
              .build();

      // Add the deny rule and a description for it.
      Policy policy =
          Policy.newBuilder()
              // Set the deny rule.
              .addRules(
                  PolicyRule.newBuilder()
                      // Set a description for the rule.
                      .setDescription(
                          "block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal"
                              + " is a member of [e-mail] and the project"
                              + " being deleted has a tag with the value test")
                      .setDenyRule(denyRule)
                      .build())
              .build();

      // Set the policy resource path, policy rules and a unique ID for the policy.
      CreatePolicyRequest createPolicyRequest =
          CreatePolicyRequest.newBuilder()
              .setParent(policyParent)
              .setPolicy(policy)
              .setPolicyId(policyId)
              .build();

      // Build the create policy request.
      Operation operation =
          policiesClient
              .createPolicyCallable()
              .futureCall(createPolicyRequest)
              .get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

      // Wait for the operation to complete.
      if (operation.hasError()) {
        System.out.println("Error in creating the policy " + operation.getError());
        return;
      }

      // Retrieve the policy name.
      Policy response = policiesClient.getPolicy(String.format("%s/%s", policyParent, policyId));
      String policyName = response.getName();
      System.out.println(
          "Created the deny policy: " + policyName.substring(policyName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1));
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const policyID = 'YOUR_POLICY_ID';

const {PoliciesClient} = require('@google-cloud/iam').v2;

const iamClient = new PoliciesClient();

// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
//
// Its format can be one of the following:
// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
//
// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
// the "/" with "%2F".
const attachmentPoint = `cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F${projectId}`;

const denyRule = {
  // Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this rule.
  // For more information on allowed values, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/principal-identifiers
  deniedPrincipals: ['principalSet://goog/public:all'],
  // Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the
  // list of denied principals. For example, if you want to deny certain permissions
  // to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
  // exceptionPrincipals: ['principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]'],
  // Set the permissions to deny.
  // The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
  // For the list of supported permissions, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
  deniedPermissions: ['cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete'],
  // Optionally, add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
  // Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
  // exceptionPermissions: ['cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.create']
  //
  // Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
  // If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable. Else, the rule will not be enforced.
  // The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL).
  // Here we block access based on tags.
  //
  // Here, we create a deny rule that denies the cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission to everyone except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged test.
  // A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder, or project.
  // For more info, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/deny-access#create-deny-policy
  denialCondition: {
    expression: '!resource.matchTag("12345678/env", "test")',
  },
};

async function createDenyPolicy() {
  const request = {
    parent: `policies/${attachmentPoint}/denypolicies`,
    policy: {
      displayName: 'Restrict project deletion access',
      rules: [
        {
          description:
            'block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal is a member of [e-mail] and the project being deleted has a tag with the value test',
          denyRule,
        },
      ],
    },
    policyId,
  };

  const [operation] = await iamClient.createPolicy(request);
  const [policy] = await operation.promise();

  console.log(`Created the deny policy: ${policy.name}`);
}

createDenyPolicy();

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

def create_deny_policy(project_id: str, policy_id: str) -> None:
    from google.cloud import iam_v2
    from google.cloud.iam_v2 import types

    """
      Create a deny policy.
      You can add deny policies to organizations, folders, and projects.
      Each of these resources can have up to 5 deny policies.

      Deny policies contain deny rules, which specify the following:
      1. The permissions to deny and/or exempt.
      2. The principals that are denied, or exempted from denial.
      3. An optional condition on when to enforce the deny rules.

      Params:
      project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
      policy_id: Specify the ID of the deny policy you want to create.
    """
    policies_client = iam_v2.PoliciesClient()

    # Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
    #
    # Its format can be one of the following:
    # 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
    # 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
    # 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    #
    # The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
    # the "/" with "%2F".
    attachment_point = f"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F{project_id}"

    deny_rule = types.DenyRule()
    # Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this rule.
    # For more information on allowed values, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/principal-identifiers
    deny_rule.denied_principals = ["principalSet://goog/public:all"]

    # Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the
    # list of denied principals. For example, if you want to deny certain permissions
    # to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
    # deny_rule.exception_principals = ["principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]"]

    # Set the permissions to deny.
    # The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
    # For the list of supported permissions, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
    deny_rule.denied_permissions = [
        "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete"
    ]

    # Optionally, add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
    # Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
    # deny_rule.exception_permissions = ["cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.create"]

    # Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
    # If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable. Else, the rule will not be enforced.
    # The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL).
    # Here we block access based on tags.
    #
    # Here, we create a deny rule that denies the cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission to everyone except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged test.
    # A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # For more info, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/deny-access#create-deny-policy
    deny_rule.denial_condition = {
        "expression": "!resource.matchTag('12345678/env', 'test')"
    }

    # Add the deny rule and a description for it.
    policy_rule = types.PolicyRule()
    policy_rule.description = "block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal is a member of [e-mail] and the project being deleted has a tag with the value test"
    policy_rule.deny_rule = deny_rule

    policy = types.Policy()
    policy.display_name = "Restrict project deletion access"
    policy.rules = [policy_rule]

    # Set the policy resource path, policy rules and a unique ID for the policy.
    request = types.CreatePolicyRequest()
    # Construct the full path of the resource's deny policies.
    # Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies"
    request.parent = f"policies/{attachment_point}/denypolicies"
    request.policy = policy
    request.policy_id = policy_id

    # Build the create policy request and wait for the operation to complete.
    result = policies_client.create_policy(request=request).result()
    print(f"Created the deny policy: {result.name.rsplit('/')[-1]}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uuid

    # Your Google Cloud project ID.
    project_id = "your-google-cloud-project-id"
    # Any unique ID (0 to 63 chars) starting with a lowercase letter.
    policy_id = f"deny-{uuid.uuid4()}"

    # Test the policy lifecycle.
    create_deny_policy(project_id, policy_id)

REST

policies.createPolicy 方法可以为资源创建一个拒绝政策。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。
• POLICY_NAME：拒绝政策的显示名。

• DENY_RULE_1、DENY_RULE_2、...DENY_RULE_N：政策中的拒绝规则。每个拒绝规则都可以包含以下字段：

  • deniedPermissions：指定的主账号无法使用的权限列表。这些权限必须在拒绝政策中受支持。

    在某些情况下，您还可以使用权限组来拒绝权限集。如需了解详情，请参阅权限组。

  • exceptionPermissions：指定的主账号可以使用的权限列表，即使这些权限包含在 deniedPermissions 中也是如此。例如，您可以使用此字段来排除一组权限中的特定权限。
  • deniedPrincipals：无法使用指定权限的主账号列表。为主账号标识符使用 v2 API 格式。
  • exceptionPrincipals：可选。可以使用指定权限的主账号列表，即使这些主账号包含在 deniedPrincipals 中也是如此。例如，您可以使用此字段来排除属于被拒群组的特定用户。为主账号标识符使用 v2 API 格式。

  • denialCondition：可选。条件表达式，用于指定主账号何时无法使用权限。包含以下字段：

    • expression：使用通用表达式语言 (CEL) 语法的条件表达式。表达式必须使用 CEL 函数来评估资源标记。不支持其他函数和运算符。
    • title：可选。条件目的的简要摘要。
    • description：可选。条件的详细说明。

  如需查看拒绝规则的示例，请参阅常见使用场景。

HTTP 方法和网址：

POST https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies?policyId=POLICY_ID

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "displayName": "POLICY_NAME",
  "rules": [
    {
      "denyRule": DENY_RULE_1
    },
    {
      "denyRule": DENY_RULE_2
    },

    {
      "denyRule": DENY_RULE_N
    }
  ]
}

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies?policyId=POLICY_ID"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies?policyId=POLICY_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

复制请求正文并打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 将请求正文粘贴到此工具中，填写任何其他必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy/operations/89cb3e508bf1ff01",
  "metadata": {
    "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.iam.v2.PolicyOperationMetadata",
    "createTime": "2022-06-28T19:06:12.455151Z"
  },
  "response": {
    "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.iam.v2.Policy",
    "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
    "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
    "kind": "DenyPolicy",
    "displayName": "My deny policy.",
    "etag": "MTc3NDU4MjM4OTY0MzU5MjQ5OTI=",
    "createTime": "2022-06-28T19:06:12.455151Z",
    "updateTime": "2022-06-28T22:26:21.968687Z"
    "rules": [
      {
        "denyRule": {
          "deniedPrincipals": [
            "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
          ],
          "deniedPermissions": [
            "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

该响应用于标识长时间运行的操作。您可以监控长时间运行的操作的状态，以了解其完成时间。如需了解详情，请参阅本页面上的检查长时间运行的操作的状态。

列出拒绝政策

一个资源可以有多个拒绝政策。您可以列出附加到某个资源的所有拒绝政策，然后查看每个拒绝政策以查看每个政策中的拒绝规则。

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，转到 IAM 页面上的拒绝标签页。

   转到 IAM

2. 选择一个项目、文件夹或组织。

   Google Cloud 控制台会列出适用于该项目、文件夹或组织的所有拒绝政策。这包括从其他资源继承的拒绝政策。如需详细了解拒绝政策继承，请参阅拒绝政策继承。

gcloud

如需列出某个资源的拒绝政策，请运行 gcloud iam policies list 命令：

gcloud iam policies list \
    --attachment-point=ATTACHMENT_POINT \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --format=json

请提供以下值：

• ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

例如，以下命令列出了附加到数字 ID 为 123456789012 的组织的拒绝政策：

gcloud iam policies list \
    --attachment-point=cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/123456789012 \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --format=json

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2/iampb"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)

// listDenyPolicies lists all the deny policies that are attached to a resource.
// A resource can have up to 5 deny policies.
func listDenyPolicies(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"

	ctx := context.Background()
	policiesClient, err := iam.NewPoliciesClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewPoliciesClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer policiesClient.Close()

	// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
	// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
	//
	// Its format can be one of the following:
	// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
	// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
	// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
	//
	// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
	// the "/" with "%%2F".
	attachmentPoint := fmt.Sprintf(
		"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%%2Fprojects%%2F%s",
		projectID,
	)

	req := &iampb.ListPoliciesRequest{
		// Construct the full path of the resource's deny policies.
		// Its format is: "policies/ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies"
		Parent: fmt.Sprintf("policies/%s/denypolicies", attachmentPoint),
	}
	it := policiesClient.ListPolicies(ctx, req)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Policies found in project %s:\n", projectID)

	for {
		policy, err := it.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s\n", policy.GetName())
	}
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import com.google.iam.v2.PoliciesClient;
import com.google.iam.v2.Policy;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class ListDenyPolicies {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    // ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";

    listDenyPolicies(projectId);
  }

  // List all the deny policies that are attached to a resource.
  // A resource can have up to 5 deny policies.
  public static void listDenyPolicies(String projectId) throws IOException {
    // Initialize the Policies client.
    try (PoliciesClient policiesClient = PoliciesClient.create()) {

      // Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
      // To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
      //
      // Its format can be one of the following:
      // 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
      // 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
      // 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
      //
      // The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name.
      String urlEncodedResource =
          URLEncoder.encode(
              "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      String attachmentPoint = String.format("%s%s", urlEncodedResource, projectId);

      // Construct the full path of the resource to which the policy is attached.
      // Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies"
      String policyParent = String.format("policies/%s/denypolicies", attachmentPoint);

      // Create a list request and iterate over the returned policies.
      for (Policy policy : policiesClient.listPolicies(policyParent).iterateAll()) {
        System.out.println(policy.getName());
      }
      System.out.println("Listed all deny policies");
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';

const {PoliciesClient} = require('@google-cloud/iam').v2;

const iamClient = new PoliciesClient();

// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
//
// Its format can be one of the following:
// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
//
// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
// the "/" with "%2F".
const attachmentPoint = `cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F${projectId}`;

async function listDenyPolicies() {
  const request = {
    parent: `policies/${attachmentPoint}/denypolicies`,
  };

  const policies = await iamClient.listPoliciesAsync(request);
  for await (const policy of policies) {
    console.log(`- ${policy.name}`);
  }
}

listDenyPolicies();

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

def list_deny_policy(project_id: str) -> None:
    from google.cloud import iam_v2
    from google.cloud.iam_v2 import types

    """
    List all the deny policies that are attached to a resource.
    A resource can have up to 5 deny policies.

    project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    """
    policies_client = iam_v2.PoliciesClient()

    # Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
    #
    # Its format can be one of the following:
    # 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
    # 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
    # 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    #
    # The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
    # the "/" with "%2F".
    attachment_point = f"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F{project_id}"

    request = types.ListPoliciesRequest()
    # Construct the full path of the resource's deny policies.
    # Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies"
    request.parent = f"policies/{attachment_point}/denypolicies"

    # Create a list request and iterate over the returned policies.
    policies = policies_client.list_policies(request=request)

    for policy in policies:
        print(policy.name)
    print("Listed all deny policies")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uuid

    # Your Google Cloud project ID.
    project_id = "your-google-cloud-project-id"
    # Any unique ID (0 to 63 chars) starting with a lowercase letter.
    policy_id = f"deny-{uuid.uuid4()}"

    list_deny_policy(project_id)

REST

policies.listPolicies 方法可列出资源的拒绝政策。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

HTTP 方法和网址：

GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "policies": [
    {
      "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1067607927478/denypolicies/test-policy",
      "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
      "kind": "DenyPolicy",
      "displayName": "My deny policy.",
      "createTime": "2022-06-28T19:06:12.455151Z",
      "updateTime": "2022-06-28T22:26:21.968687Z"
    },
    {
      "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1067607927478/denypolicies/test-policy-2",
      "uid": "8465d710-ea20-0a08-d92c-b2a3ebf766ab",
      "kind": "DenyPolicy",
      "displayName": "My second deny policy.",
      "createTime": "2022-06-05T19:21:53.595455Z",
      "updateTime": "2022-06-05T19:21:53.595455Z"
    },
    {
      "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1067607927478/denypolicies/test-policy-3",
      "uid": "ee9f7c2f-7e8c-b05c-d4e5-e03bfb2954e0",
      "kind": "DenyPolicy",
      "displayName": "My third deny policy.",
      "createTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
      "updateTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z"
    }
  ]
}

查看拒绝政策

您可以查看拒绝政策以查看其包含的拒绝规则，包括拒绝的权限以及无法使用这些权限的主账号。

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，转到 IAM 页面上的拒绝标签页。

   进入 IAM

2. 选择一个项目、文件夹或组织。

3. 在政策 ID 列中，点击要查看的政策的 ID。

   Google Cloud 控制台会显示拒绝政策的详细信息，包括政策 ID、创建时间以及拒绝政策中的拒绝规则。

gcloud

如需获取资源的拒绝政策，请运行 gcloud iam policies get 命令：

gcloud iam policies get POLICY_ID \
    --attachment-point=ATTACHMENT_POINT \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --format=json

请提供以下值：

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

• ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

例如，以下命令会获取项目 my-project 的名为 my-deny-policy 的拒绝政策，并将其保存在名为 policy.json 的文件中：

gcloud iam policies get my-deny-policy \
    --attachment-point=cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/my-project \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --format=json \
    > ./policy.json

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2/iampb"
)

// getDenyPolicy retrieves the deny policy given the project ID and policy ID.
func getDenyPolicy(w io.Writer, projectID, policyID string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// policyID := "your_policy_id"

	ctx := context.Background()
	policiesClient, err := iam.NewPoliciesClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewPoliciesClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer policiesClient.Close()

	// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
	// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
	//
	// Its format can be one of the following:
	// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
	// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
	// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
	//
	// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
	// the "/" with "%%2F".
	attachmentPoint := fmt.Sprintf(
		"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%%2Fprojects%%2F%s",
		projectID,
	)

	req := &iampb.GetPolicyRequest{
		// Construct the full path of the policy.
		// Its format is: "policies/ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"
		Name: fmt.Sprintf("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyID),
	}
	policy, err := policiesClient.GetPolicy(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to get policy: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Policy %s retrieved\n", policy.GetName())

	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import com.google.iam.v2.GetPolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v2.PoliciesClient;
import com.google.iam.v2.Policy;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class GetDenyPolicy {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.

    // ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";

    // Specify the ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.
    String policyId = "deny-policy-id";

    getDenyPolicy(projectId, policyId);
  }

  // Retrieve the deny policy given the project ID and policy ID.
  public static void getDenyPolicy(String projectId, String policyId) throws IOException {
    // Create the IAM Policies client.
    try (PoliciesClient policiesClient = PoliciesClient.create()) {

      // Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
      // To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
      //
      // Its format can be one of the following:
      // 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
      // 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
      // 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
      //
      // The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name.
      String urlEncodedResource =
          URLEncoder.encode(
              "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      String attachmentPoint = String.format("%s%s", urlEncodedResource, projectId);

      // Construct the full path of the resource to which the policy is attached.
      // Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
      String policyParent = String.format("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyId);

      // Specify the policyParent and execute the GetPolicy request.
      GetPolicyRequest getPolicyRequest =
          GetPolicyRequest.newBuilder().setName(policyParent).build();

      Policy policy = policiesClient.getPolicy(getPolicyRequest);
      System.out.printf("Retrieved the deny policy: %s : %s%n", policyId, policy);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const policyID = 'YOUR_POLICY_ID';

const {PoliciesClient} = require('@google-cloud/iam').v2;

const iamClient = new PoliciesClient();

// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
//
// Its format can be one of the following:
// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
//
// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
// the "/" with "%2F".
const attachmentPoint = `cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F${projectId}`;

async function getDenyPolicy() {
  const request = {
    name: `policies/${attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/${policyId}`,
  };

  const [policy] = await iamClient.getPolicy(request);

  console.log(`Retrieved the deny policy: ${policy.name}`);
}

getDenyPolicy();

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

from google.cloud import iam_v2
from google.cloud.iam_v2 import Policy, types


def get_deny_policy(project_id: str, policy_id: str) -> Policy:
    """
    Retrieve the deny policy given the project ID and policy ID.

    project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    policy_id: The ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.
    """
    policies_client = iam_v2.PoliciesClient()

    # Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
    #
    # Its format can be one of the following:
    # 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
    # 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
    # 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    #
    # The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
    # the "/" with "%2F".
    attachment_point = f"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F{project_id}"

    request = types.GetPolicyRequest()
    # Construct the full path of the policy.
    # Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
    request.name = f"policies/{attachment_point}/denypolicies/{policy_id}"

    # Execute the GetPolicy request.
    policy = policies_client.get_policy(request=request)
    print(f"Retrieved the deny policy: {policy_id} : {policy}")
    return policy


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uuid

    # Your Google Cloud project ID.
    project_id = "your-google-cloud-project-id"
    # Any unique ID (0 to 63 chars) starting with a lowercase letter.
    policy_id = f"deny-{uuid.uuid4()}"

    policy = get_deny_policy(project_id, policy_id)

REST

policies.get 方法可获取资源的拒绝政策。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

HTTP 方法和网址：

GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
  "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
  "kind": "DenyPolicy",
  "displayName": "My deny policy.",
  "etag": "MTc3NDU4MjM4OTY0MzU5MjQ5OTI=",
  "createTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
  "updateTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
  "rules": [
    {
      "denyRule": {
        "deniedPrincipals": [
          "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
        ],
        "deniedPermissions": [
          "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

更新拒绝政策

创建拒绝政策后，您可以更新其包含的拒绝规则及其显示名。

您可以使用 Google Cloud 控制台或以下任一程序化方法更新拒绝政策：

• gcloud CLI
• REST API
• IAM 客户端库

使用 Google Cloud 控制台更新拒绝政策

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，转到 IAM 页面上的拒绝标签页。

   进入 IAM

2. 选择一个项目、文件夹或组织。

3. 在政策 ID 列中，点击要修改的政策的 ID。

4. 点击 修改。

5. 更新拒绝政策：

   • 如需更改政策显示名，请修改显示名字段。
   • 如需修改现有的拒绝规则，请点击该拒绝规则，然后修改规则的主账号、例外主账号、拒绝的权限、例外权限或拒绝条件。
   • 如需移除拒绝规则，请找到要删除的拒绝规则，然后点击该行中的 删除。
   • 如需添加拒绝规则，请点击添加拒绝规则，然后创建拒绝规则，就像创建拒绝政策时一样。

6. 更新拒绝政策后，点击保存。

以程序化方式更新拒绝政策

如需使用 gcloud CLI、REST API 或 IAM 客户端库更新拒绝政策，请使用read-modify-write模式：

1. 读取政策的当前版本。
2. 根据需要修改政策中的信息。
3. 写入更新后的政策。

读取拒绝政策

gcloud

如需获取资源的拒绝政策，请运行 gcloud iam policies get 命令：

gcloud iam policies get POLICY_ID \
    --attachment-point=ATTACHMENT_POINT \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --format=json

请提供以下值：

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

• ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

例如，以下命令会获取项目 my-project 的名为 my-deny-policy 的拒绝政策，并将其保存在名为 policy.json 的文件中：

gcloud iam policies get my-deny-policy \
    --attachment-point=cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/my-project \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --format=json \
    > ./policy.json

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2/iampb"
)

// getDenyPolicy retrieves the deny policy given the project ID and policy ID.
func getDenyPolicy(w io.Writer, projectID, policyID string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// policyID := "your_policy_id"

	ctx := context.Background()
	policiesClient, err := iam.NewPoliciesClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewPoliciesClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer policiesClient.Close()

	// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
	// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
	//
	// Its format can be one of the following:
	// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
	// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
	// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
	//
	// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
	// the "/" with "%%2F".
	attachmentPoint := fmt.Sprintf(
		"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%%2Fprojects%%2F%s",
		projectID,
	)

	req := &iampb.GetPolicyRequest{
		// Construct the full path of the policy.
		// Its format is: "policies/ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"
		Name: fmt.Sprintf("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyID),
	}
	policy, err := policiesClient.GetPolicy(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to get policy: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Policy %s retrieved\n", policy.GetName())

	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import com.google.iam.v2.GetPolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v2.PoliciesClient;
import com.google.iam.v2.Policy;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class GetDenyPolicy {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.

    // ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";

    // Specify the ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.
    String policyId = "deny-policy-id";

    getDenyPolicy(projectId, policyId);
  }

  // Retrieve the deny policy given the project ID and policy ID.
  public static void getDenyPolicy(String projectId, String policyId) throws IOException {
    // Create the IAM Policies client.
    try (PoliciesClient policiesClient = PoliciesClient.create()) {

      // Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
      // To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
      //
      // Its format can be one of the following:
      // 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
      // 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
      // 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
      //
      // The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name.
      String urlEncodedResource =
          URLEncoder.encode(
              "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      String attachmentPoint = String.format("%s%s", urlEncodedResource, projectId);

      // Construct the full path of the resource to which the policy is attached.
      // Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
      String policyParent = String.format("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyId);

      // Specify the policyParent and execute the GetPolicy request.
      GetPolicyRequest getPolicyRequest =
          GetPolicyRequest.newBuilder().setName(policyParent).build();

      Policy policy = policiesClient.getPolicy(getPolicyRequest);
      System.out.printf("Retrieved the deny policy: %s : %s%n", policyId, policy);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const policyID = 'YOUR_POLICY_ID';

const {PoliciesClient} = require('@google-cloud/iam').v2;

const iamClient = new PoliciesClient();

// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
//
// Its format can be one of the following:
// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
//
// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
// the "/" with "%2F".
const attachmentPoint = `cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F${projectId}`;

async function getDenyPolicy() {
  const request = {
    name: `policies/${attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/${policyId}`,
  };

  const [policy] = await iamClient.getPolicy(request);

  console.log(`Retrieved the deny policy: ${policy.name}`);
}

getDenyPolicy();

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

from google.cloud import iam_v2
from google.cloud.iam_v2 import Policy, types


def get_deny_policy(project_id: str, policy_id: str) -> Policy:
    """
    Retrieve the deny policy given the project ID and policy ID.

    project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    policy_id: The ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.
    """
    policies_client = iam_v2.PoliciesClient()

    # Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
    #
    # Its format can be one of the following:
    # 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
    # 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
    # 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    #
    # The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
    # the "/" with "%2F".
    attachment_point = f"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F{project_id}"

    request = types.GetPolicyRequest()
    # Construct the full path of the policy.
    # Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
    request.name = f"policies/{attachment_point}/denypolicies/{policy_id}"

    # Execute the GetPolicy request.
    policy = policies_client.get_policy(request=request)
    print(f"Retrieved the deny policy: {policy_id} : {policy}")
    return policy


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uuid

    # Your Google Cloud project ID.
    project_id = "your-google-cloud-project-id"
    # Any unique ID (0 to 63 chars) starting with a lowercase letter.
    policy_id = f"deny-{uuid.uuid4()}"

    policy = get_deny_policy(project_id, policy_id)

REST

policies.get 方法可获取资源的拒绝政策。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

HTTP 方法和网址：

GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
  "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
  "kind": "DenyPolicy",
  "displayName": "My deny policy.",
  "etag": "MTc3NDU4MjM4OTY0MzU5MjQ5OTI=",
  "createTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
  "updateTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
  "rules": [
    {
      "denyRule": {
        "deniedPrincipals": [
          "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
        ],
        "deniedPermissions": [
          "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

修改拒绝政策

如需修改拒绝政策，请更改先前从 IAM 读取的政策副本。您可以更新显示名，也可以添加、更改或移除拒绝规则。这些更改在您写入更新后的政策后才会生效。

注意：政策更改通常会在 2 分钟内生效。但是，在某些情况下，更改可能需要长达 7 分钟的时间才能传播到整个系统。

例如，您可以向现有拒绝规则添加权限：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
  "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
  "kind": "DenyPolicy",
  "displayName": "My deny policy.",
  "etag": "MTc3NDU4MjM4OTY0MzU5MjQ5OTI=",
  "createTime": "2021-10-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
  "updateTime": "2021-10-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
  "rules": [
    {
      "denyRule": {
        "deniedPrincipals": [
          "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
        ],
        "deniedPermissions": [
          "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create",
          "iam.googleapis.com/roles.delete"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

编写更新后的拒绝政策

在本地修改拒绝政策后，您必须将更新后的拒绝政策写入 IAM。

每个拒绝政策都包含一个 etag 字段，用于标识政策版本。每次更新政策时，etag 都会更改。当您编写更新后的政策时，请求中的 etag 必须与 IAM 中存储的当前 etag 匹配：如果值不匹配，请求将失败。此功能有助于防止并发更改彼此覆盖。

gcloud

如需更新资源的拒绝政策，请运行 gcloud iam policies update 命令：

gcloud iam policies update POLICY_ID \
    --attachment-point=ATTACHMENT_POINT \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --policy-file=POLICY_FILE

请提供以下值：

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

• ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_FILE：包含拒绝政策的 JSON 文件的文件路径。

默认情况下，如果此命令执行成功，将不会输出任何输出内容。如需输出详细响应，请在命令中添加 --format=json 标志。

例如，以下命令使用名为 policy.json 的文件更新项目 my-project 的名为 my-deny-policy 的拒绝政策：

gcloud iam policies update my-deny-policy \
    --attachment-point=cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/my-project \
    --kind=denypolicies \
    --policy-file=policy.json

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2"

	"cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2/iampb"
	"google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/type/expr"
)

// updateDenyPolicy updates the deny rules and/ or its display name after policy creation.
func updateDenyPolicy(w io.Writer, projectID, policyID, etag string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// policyID := "your_policy_id"
	// etag := "your_etag"

	ctx := context.Background()
	policiesClient, err := iam.NewPoliciesClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewPoliciesClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer policiesClient.Close()

	// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
	// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
	//
	// Its format can be one of the following:
	// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
	// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
	// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
	//
	// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
	// the "/" with "%%2F".
	attachmentPoint := fmt.Sprintf(
		"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%%2Fprojects%%2F%s",
		projectID,
	)

	denyRule := &iampb.DenyRule{
		// Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this rule.
		// For more information on allowed values,
		// see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/principal-identifiers
		DeniedPrincipals: []string{"principalSet://goog/public:all"},
		// Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the
		// list of denied principals. For example, if you want to deny certain permissions
		// to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
		// ExceptionPrincipals: []string{"principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]"},
		//
		// Set the permissions to deny.
		// The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
		// For the list of supported permissions,
		// see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
		DeniedPermissions: []string{"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete"},
		// Optionally, add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
		// Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
		// ExceptionPermissions: []string{"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.create"},
		//
		// Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
		// If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable.
		// Else, the rule will not be enforced.
		// The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL).
		// Here we block access based on tags.
		//
		// Here, we create a deny rule that denies the
		// cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission
		// to everyone except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged prod.
		// A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder, or project.
		// For more info, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/deny-access#create-deny-policy
		DenialCondition: &expr.Expr{
			Expression: "!resource.matchTag('12345678/env', 'prod')",
		},
	}

	// Set the rule description and deny rule to update.
	policyRule := &iampb.PolicyRule{
		Description: "block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal is a member of [e-mail] and the project being deleted has a tag with the value prod",
		Kind: &iampb.PolicyRule_DenyRule{
			DenyRule: denyRule,
		},
	}

	// Set the policy resource path, version (etag) and the updated deny rules.
	policy := &iampb.Policy{
		// Construct the full path of the policy.
		// Its format is: "policies/ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"
		Name:  fmt.Sprintf("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyID),
		Etag:  etag,
		Rules: [](*iampb.PolicyRule){policyRule},
	}

	// Create the update policy request.
	req := &iampb.UpdatePolicyRequest{
		Policy: policy,
	}
	op, err := policiesClient.UpdatePolicy(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to update policy: %w", err)
	}

	policy, err = op.Wait(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Policy %s updated\n", policy.GetName())

	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import com.google.iam.v2.DenyRule;
import com.google.iam.v2.PoliciesClient;
import com.google.iam.v2.Policy;
import com.google.iam.v2.PolicyRule;
import com.google.iam.v2.UpdatePolicyRequest;
import com.google.longrunning.Operation;
import com.google.type.Expr;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class UpdateDenyPolicy {

  public static void main(String[] args)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.

    // ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";

    // Specify the ID of the Deny policy you want to retrieve.
    String policyId = "deny-policy-id";

    // Etag field that identifies the policy version. The etag changes each time
    // you update the policy. Get the etag of an existing policy by performing a GetPolicy request.
    String etag = "policy_etag";

    updateDenyPolicy(projectId, policyId, etag);
  }

  // Update the deny rules and/ or its display name after policy creation.
  public static void updateDenyPolicy(String projectId, String policyId, String etag)
      throws IOException, ExecutionException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {

    try (PoliciesClient policiesClient = PoliciesClient.create()) {

      // Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
      // To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
      //
      // Its format can be one of the following:
      // 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
      // 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
      // 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
      //
      // The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name.
      String urlEncodedResource =
          URLEncoder.encode(
              "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      String attachmentPoint = String.format("%s%s", urlEncodedResource, projectId);

      // Construct the full path of the resource to which the policy is attached to.
      // Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
      String policyParent = String.format("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyId);

      DenyRule denyRule =
          DenyRule.newBuilder()
              // Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this
              // rule.
              // For more information on allowed values, see:
              // https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
              .addDeniedPrincipals("principalSet://goog/public:all")

              // Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the list of principals
              // added in "DeniedPrincipals".
              // Example, if you want to deny certain permissions to a group but exempt a few
              // principals, then add those here.
              // .addExceptionPrincipals(
              //     "principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]")

              // Set the permissions to deny.
              // The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
              // For the list of supported permissions, see:
              // https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
              .addDeniedPermissions("cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete")

              // Add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
              // Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
              // .addExceptionPermissions("cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.get")

              // Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
              // If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable. Else, the rule will
              // not be enforced.
              .setDenialCondition(
                  Expr.newBuilder()
                      // The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL). Here we block
                      // access based on tags.
                      //
                      // A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder,
                      // or project. You can use deny policies to deny permissions based on tags
                      // without adding an IAM Condition to every role grant.
                      // For example, imagine that you tag all of your projects as dev, test, or
                      // prod. You want only members of [e-mail] to be able to
                      // perform operations on projects that are tagged prod.
                      // To solve this problem, you create a deny rule that denies the
                      // cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission to everyone
                      // except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged prod.
                      .setExpression("!resource.matchTag('12345678/env', 'prod')")
                      .setTitle("Only for prod projects")
                      .build())
              .build();

      // Set the policy resource path, version (etag) and the updated deny rules.
      Policy policy =
          Policy.newBuilder()
              .setName(policyParent)
              .setEtag(etag)
              .addRules(
                  PolicyRule.newBuilder()
                      // Set the rule description to update.
                      .setDescription(
                          "Block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal"
                              + " is a member of [e-mail] and the project"
                              + "being deleted has a tag with the value prod")
                      // Set the deny rule to update.
                      .setDenyRule(denyRule)
                      .build())
              .build();

      // Create the update policy request.
      UpdatePolicyRequest updatePolicyRequest =
          UpdatePolicyRequest.newBuilder().setPolicy(policy).build();

      // Wait for the operation to complete.
      Operation operation =
          policiesClient
              .updatePolicyCallable()
              .futureCall(updatePolicyRequest)
              .get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

      if (operation.hasError()) {
        System.out.println("Error in updating the policy " + operation.getError());
        return;
      }

      System.out.println("Updated the deny policy: " + policyId);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const policyID = 'YOUR_POLICY_ID';
// const etag = 'YOUR_ETAG';

const {PoliciesClient} = require('@google-cloud/iam').v2;

const iamClient = new PoliciesClient();

// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
//
// Its format can be one of the following:
// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
//
// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
// the "/" with "%2F".
const attachmentPoint = `cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F${projectId}`;

const denyRule = {
  // Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this rule.
  // For more information on allowed values, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/principal-identifiers
  deniedPrincipals: ['principalSet://goog/public:all'],
  // Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the
  // list of denied principals. For example, if you want to deny certain permissions
  // to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
  // exceptionPrincipals: ['principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]'],
  // Set the permissions to deny.
  // The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
  // For the list of supported permissions, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
  deniedPermissions: ['cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete'],
  // Optionally, add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
  // Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
  // exceptionPermissions: ['cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.create']
  //
  // Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
  // If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable. Else, the rule will not be enforced.
  // The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL).
  // Here we block access based on tags.
  //
  // Here, we create a deny rule that denies the cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission to everyone except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged test.
  // A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder, or project.
  // For more info, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/deny-access#create-deny-policy
  denialCondition: {
    expression: '!resource.matchTag("12345678/env", "prod")',
  },
};

async function updateDenyPolicy() {
  const request = {
    policy: {
      name: `policies/${attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/${policyId}`,
      etag,
      rules: [
        {
          description:
            'block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal is a member of [e-mail] and the project being deleted has a tag with the value prod',
          denyRule,
        },
      ],
    },
    policyId,
  };

  const [operation] = await iamClient.updatePolicy(request);
  const [policy] = await operation.promise();

  console.log(`Updated the deny policy: ${policy.name}`);
}

updateDenyPolicy();

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

def update_deny_policy(project_id: str, policy_id: str, etag: str) -> None:
    from google.cloud import iam_v2
    from google.cloud.iam_v2 import types

    """
    Update the deny rules and/ or its display name after policy creation.

    project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.

    policy_id: The ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.

    etag: Etag field that identifies the policy version. The etag changes each time
    you update the policy. Get the etag of an existing policy by performing a GetPolicy request.
    """
    policies_client = iam_v2.PoliciesClient()

    # Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
    #
    # Its format can be one of the following:
    # 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
    # 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
    # 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    #
    # The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
    # the "/" with "%2F".
    attachment_point = f"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F{project_id}"

    deny_rule = types.DenyRule()

    # Add one or more principals who should be denied the permissions specified in this rule.
    # For more information on allowed values, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/principal-identifiers
    deny_rule.denied_principals = ["principalSet://goog/public:all"]

    # Optionally, set the principals who should be exempted from the list of principals added in "DeniedPrincipals".
    # Example, if you want to deny certain permissions to a group but exempt a few principals, then add those here.
    # deny_rule.exception_principals = ["principalSet://goog/group/[e-mail]"]

    # Set the permissions to deny.
    # The permission value is of the format: service_fqdn/resource.action
    # For the list of supported permissions, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/help/deny/supported-permissions
    deny_rule.denied_permissions = [
        "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete"
    ]

    # Add the permissions to be exempted from this rule.
    # Meaning, the deny rule will not be applicable to these permissions.
    # deny_rule.exception_permissions = ["cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.get"]

    # Set the condition which will enforce the deny rule.
    # If this condition is true, the deny rule will be applicable. Else, the rule will not be enforced.
    #
    # The expression uses Common Expression Language syntax (CEL). Here we block access based on tags.
    #
    # Here, we create a deny rule that denies the cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects.delete permission to everyone except [e-mail] for resources that are tagged prod.
    # A tag is a key-value pair that can be attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # For more info, see: https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/deny-access#create-deny-policy
    deny_rule.denial_condition = {
        "expression": "!resource.matchTag('12345678/env', 'prod')"
    }

    # Set the rule description and deny rule to update.
    policy_rule = types.PolicyRule()
    policy_rule.description = "block all principals from deleting projects, unless the principal is a member of [e-mail] and the project being deleted has a tag with the value prod"
    policy_rule.deny_rule = deny_rule

    # Set the policy resource path, version (etag) and the updated deny rules.
    policy = types.Policy()
    # Construct the full path of the policy.
    # Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
    policy.name = f"policies/{attachment_point}/denypolicies/{policy_id}"
    policy.etag = etag
    policy.rules = [policy_rule]

    # Create the update policy request.
    request = types.UpdatePolicyRequest()
    request.policy = policy

    result = policies_client.update_policy(request=request).result()
    print(f"Updated the deny policy: {result.name.rsplit('/')[-1]}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uuid

    # Your Google Cloud project ID.
    project_id = "your-google-cloud-project-id"
    # Any unique ID (0 to 63 chars) starting with a lowercase letter.
    policy_id = f"deny-{uuid.uuid4()}"
    # Get the etag by performing a Get policy request.
    etag = "etag"

    update_deny_policy(project_id, policy_id, etag)

REST

policies.update 方法可更新拒绝政策。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

• POLICY：更新后的拒绝政策。

  例如，如需为上一步中显示的政策添加权限，请将 POLICY 替换为以下内容：

  {
    "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
    "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
    "kind": "DenyPolicy",
    "displayName": "My deny policy.",
    "etag": "MTc3NDU4MjM4OTY0MzU5MjQ5OTI=",
    "createTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
    "updateTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
    "rules": [
      {
        "denyRule": {
          "deniedPrincipals": [
            "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
          ],
          "deniedPermissions": [
            "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create",
            "iam.googleapis.com/roles.delete"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }

HTTP 方法和网址：

PUT https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID

请求 JSON 正文：

POLICY

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

curl -X PUT \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method PUT `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

复制请求正文并打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 将请求正文粘贴到此工具中，填写任何其他必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy/operations/8b2d0ab2daf1ff01",
  "metadata": {
    "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.iam.v2.PolicyOperationMetadata",
    "createTime": "2021-10-05T22:26:21.968687Z"
  },
  "response": {
    "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.iam.v2.Policy",
    "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
    "uid": "6665c437-a3b2-a018-6934-54dd16d3426e",
    "kind": "DenyPolicy",
    "displayName": "My deny policy.",
    "etag": "MTgxNTIxNDE3NTYxNjQxODYxMTI=",
    "createTime": "2022-06-05T19:22:26.770543Z",
    "updateTime": "2022-06-05T22:26:21.968687Z",
    "rules": [
      {
        "denyRule": {
          "deniedPrincipals": [
            "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
          ],
          "deniedPermissions": [
            "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create",
            "iam.googleapis.com/roles.delete"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

该响应用于标识长时间运行的操作。您可以监控长时间运行的操作的状态，以了解其完成时间。如需了解详情，请参阅本页面上的检查长时间运行的操作的状态。

删除拒绝政策

如果不再需要强制执行拒绝政策中的规则，可以删除拒绝政策。

注意：删除拒绝政策是永久性的。您无法恢复已删除的拒绝政策。

（可选）您可以为要删除的政策版本指定 etag。如果您指定 etag，则它必须与 IAM 存储的当前 etag 匹配；如果值不匹配，则请求将失败。您可以使用此功能确保删除预期的政策，而不是该政策的更新版本。

如果您在请求中省略 etag，则 IAM 会无条件地删除政策。

注意：政策更改通常会在 2 分钟内生效。但是，在某些情况下，更改可能需要长达 7 分钟的时间才能传播到整个系统。

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，转到 IAM 页面上的拒绝标签页。

   进入 IAM

2. 选择一个项目、文件夹或组织。

3. 在政策 ID 列中，点击要删除的政策的 ID。

4. 点击 删除。 在确认对话框中，点击确认。

gcloud

如需从资源中删除拒绝政策，请运行 gcloud iam policies delete 命令：

gcloud iam policies delete POLICY_ID \
    --attachment-point=ATTACHMENT_POINT \
    --kind=denypolicies

请提供以下值：

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。

• ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

或者，您可以添加 --etag=ETAG 标志。将 ETAG 替换为拒绝政策的当前 etag 值。

默认情况下，如果此命令执行成功，将不会输出任何输出内容。如需输出详细响应，请在命令中添加 --format=json 标志。

例如，以下命令会从项目 my-project 中删除名为 my-deny-policy 的拒绝政策：

gcloud iam policies delete my-deny-policy \
    --attachment-point=cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/my-project \
    --kind=denypolicies

Go

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Go API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	iam "cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2"

	"cloud.google.com/go/iam/apiv2/iampb"
)

// deleteDenyPolicy deletes the policy if you no longer want to enforce the rules in a deny policy.
func deleteDenyPolicy(w io.Writer, projectID, policyID string) error {
	// projectID := "your_project_id"
	// policyID := "your_policy_id"

	ctx := context.Background()
	policiesClient, err := iam.NewPoliciesClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewPoliciesClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer policiesClient.Close()

	// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
	// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
	//
	// Its format can be one of the following:
	// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
	// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
	// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
	//
	// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
	// the "/" with "%%2F".
	attachmentPoint := fmt.Sprintf(
		"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%%2Fprojects%%2F%s",
		projectID,
	)

	req := &iampb.DeletePolicyRequest{
		// Construct the full path of the policy.
		// Its format is: "policies/ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID"
		Name: fmt.Sprintf("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyID),
	}
	op, err := policiesClient.DeletePolicy(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to delete policy: %w", err)
	}

	policy, err := op.Wait(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Policy %s deleted\n", policy.GetName())

	return nil
}

Java

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Java API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

import com.google.iam.v2.DeletePolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v2.PoliciesClient;
import com.google.longrunning.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class DeleteDenyPolicy {

  public static void main(String[] args)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.

    // ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";

    // Specify the ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.
    String policyId = "deny-policy-id";

    deleteDenyPolicy(projectId, policyId);
  }

  // Delete the policy if you no longer want to enforce the rules in a deny policy.
  public static void deleteDenyPolicy(String projectId, String policyId)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
    try (PoliciesClient policiesClient = PoliciesClient.create()) {

      // Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
      // To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
      //
      // Its format can be one of the following:
      // 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
      // 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
      // 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
      //
      // The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name.
      String urlEncodedResource =
          URLEncoder.encode(
              "cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/", StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      String attachmentPoint = String.format("%s%s", urlEncodedResource, projectId);

      // Construct the full path of the resource to which the policy is attached.
      // Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
      String policyParent = String.format("policies/%s/denypolicies/%s", attachmentPoint, policyId);

      // Create the DeletePolicy request.
      DeletePolicyRequest deletePolicyRequest =
          DeletePolicyRequest.newBuilder().setName(policyParent).build();

      // Delete the policy and wait for the operation to complete.
      Operation operation =
          policiesClient
              .deletePolicyCallable()
              .futureCall(deletePolicyRequest)
              .get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

      if (operation.hasError()) {
        System.out.println("Error in deleting the policy " + operation.getError());
        return;
      }

      System.out.println("Deleted the deny policy: " + policyId);
    }
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const policyID = 'YOUR_POLICY_ID';

const {PoliciesClient} = require('@google-cloud/iam').v2;

const iamClient = new PoliciesClient();

// Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
// To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
//
// Its format can be one of the following:
// 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
// 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
// 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
//
// The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
// the "/" with "%2F".
const attachmentPoint = `cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F${projectId}`;

async function deleteDenyPolicy() {
  const request = {
    name: `policies/${attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/${policyId}`,
  };

  const [operation] = await iamClient.deletePolicy(request);
  const [policy] = await operation.promise();

  console.log(`Deleted the deny policy: ${policy.name}`);
}

deleteDenyPolicy();

Python

如需了解如何安装和使用 IAM 客户端库，请参阅 IAM 客户端库。 如需了解详情，请参阅 IAM Python API 参考文档。

如需向 IAM 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅准备工作。

def delete_deny_policy(project_id: str, policy_id: str) -> None:
    from google.cloud import iam_v2
    from google.cloud.iam_v2 import types

    """
    Delete the policy if you no longer want to enforce the rules in a deny policy.

    project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
    policy_id: The ID of the deny policy you want to retrieve.
    """
    policies_client = iam_v2.PoliciesClient()

    # Each deny policy is attached to an organization, folder, or project.
    # To work with deny policies, specify the attachment point.
    #
    # Its format can be one of the following:
    # 1. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/organizations/ORG_ID
    # 2. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/folders/FOLDER_ID
    # 3. cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/projects/PROJECT_ID
    #
    # The attachment point is identified by its URL-encoded resource name. Hence, replace
    # the "/" with "%2F".
    attachment_point = f"cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F{project_id}"

    request = types.DeletePolicyRequest()
    # Construct the full path of the policy.
    # Its format is: "policies/{attachmentPoint}/denypolicies/{policyId}"
    request.name = f"policies/{attachment_point}/denypolicies/{policy_id}"

    # Create the DeletePolicy request.
    result = policies_client.delete_policy(request=request).result()
    print(f"Deleted the deny policy: {result.name.rsplit('/')[-1]}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import uuid

    # Your Google Cloud project ID.
    project_id = "your-google-cloud-project-id"
    # Any unique ID (0 to 63 chars) starting with a lowercase letter.
    policy_id = f"deny-{uuid.uuid4()}"

    delete_deny_policy(project_id, policy_id)

REST

policies.delete 方法可从资源中删除拒绝政策。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• POLICY_ID：拒绝政策的标识符。
• ETAG：可选。政策版本的标识符。如果存在，则此值必须与政策的当前 etag 值匹配。

HTTP 方法和网址：

DELETE https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID?etag=ETAG

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

curl -X DELETE \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID?etag=ETAG"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method DELETE `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/denypolicies/POLICY_ID?etag=ETAG" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy/operations/8223fe308bf1ff01",
  "metadata": {
    "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.iam.v2.PolicyOperationMetadata",
    "createTime": "2021-10-05T19:45:00.133311Z"
  },
  "response": {
    "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.iam.v2.Policy",
    "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy",
    "kind": "DenyPolicy",
    "displayName": "My deny policy.",
    "etag": "MTc3NDU4MjM4OTY0MzU5MjQ5OTI=",
    "createTime": "2022-06-28T19:06:12.455151Z",
    "updateTime": "2022-07-05T19:45:00.133311Z",
    "deleteTime": "2022-07-05T19:45:00.133311Z",
    "rules": [
      {
        "denyRule": {
          "deniedPrincipals": [
            "principal://goog/subject/[e-mail]"
          ],
          "deniedPermissions": [
            "iam.googleapis.com/roles.create"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

该响应用于标识长时间运行的操作。您可以监控长时间运行的操作的状态，以了解其完成时间。如需了解详情，请参阅本页面上的检查长时间运行的操作的状态。

检查长时间运行的操作的状态

使用 REST API 或客户端库时，任何更改拒绝政策的方法都会返回长时间运行的操作或 LRO。长时间运行的操作会跟踪请求的状态，并指示政策更改是否已完成。

注意：如果您使用 gcloud CLI，则可以通过运行带有 --format=json 标志的命令来查看长时间运行的操作。但是，您必须使用 REST API 或客户端库来获取操作的状态。

Go

本页面上的代码示例展示了如何等待长时间运行的操作完成，然后访问其结果。

Java

本页面上的代码示例展示了如何等待长时间运行的操作完成，然后访问其结果。

Node.js

本页面上的代码示例展示了如何等待长时间运行的操作完成，然后访问其结果。

Python

本页面上的代码示例展示了如何等待长时间运行的操作完成，然后访问其结果。

REST

policies.operations.get 方法可返回长时间运行的操作的状态。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT：拒绝政策所关联的资源的网址编码标识符。如需了解如何设置此值的格式，请参阅连接点。

• OPERATION_ID：操作的标识符。您在原始请求的响应中收到此标识符（作为操作名称的一部分）。使用操作名称末尾的十六进制值。例如 89cb3e508bf1ff01。

HTTP 方法和网址：

GET https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/operations/OPERATION_ID

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

curl -X GET \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/operations/OPERATION_ID"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method GET `
    -Headers $headers `
    -Uri "https://iam.googleapis.com/v2/policies/ENCODED_ATTACHMENT_POINT/operations/OPERATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

APIs Explorer（浏览器）

打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "name": "policies/cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com%2Fprojects%2F1234567890123/denypolicies/my-policy/operations/89cb3e508bf1ff01",
  "done": true
}

如果操作的 done 字段不存在，请重复获取操作，以持续监控其状态。使用截断指数退避算法在每个请求之间引入延迟。当 done 字段设置为 true 时，操作完成，您可以停止获取操作。

后续步骤

• 确定在拒绝政策中受支持的权限。
• 获取拒绝政策中的主账号标识符的格式。
• 了解如何排查包含拒绝政策的访问权限问题。
• 详细了解如何拒绝访问主账号。