Use the Cloud Storage connector with Apache Spark


This tutorial show you how to run example code that uses the Cloud Storage connector with Apache Spark.

Objectives

Write a simple wordcount Spark job in Java, Scala, or Python, then run the job on a Dataproc cluster.

Costs

In this document, you use the following billable components of Google Cloud:

  • Compute Engine
  • Dataproc
  • Cloud Storage

To generate a cost estimate based on your projected usage, use the pricing calculator. New Google Cloud users might be eligible for a free trial.

Before you begin

Run the steps below to prepare to run the code in this tutorial.

  1. Set up your project. If necessary, set up a project with the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs enabled and the Google Cloud CLI installed on your local machine.

    1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
    2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

      Go to project selector

    3. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

    4. Enable the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs.

      Enable the APIs

    5. Create a service account:

      1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Create service account page.

        Go to Create service account
      2. Select your project.
      3. In the Service account name field, enter a name. The Google Cloud console fills in the Service account ID field based on this name.

        In the Service account description field, enter a description. For example, Service account for quickstart.

      4. Click Create and continue.
      5. Grant the Project > Owner role to the service account.

        To grant the role, find the Select a role list, then select Project > Owner.

      6. Click Continue.
      7. Click Done to finish creating the service account.

        Do not close your browser window. You will use it in the next step.

    6. Create a service account key:

      1. In the Google Cloud console, click the email address for the service account that you created.
      2. Click Keys.
      3. Click Add key, and then click Create new key.
      4. Click Create. A JSON key file is downloaded to your computer.
      5. Click Close.
    7. Set the environment variable GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS to the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials. This variable applies only to your current shell session, so if you open a new session, set the variable again.

    8. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    9. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init
    10. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

      Go to project selector

    11. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

    12. Enable the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs.

      Enable the APIs

    13. Create a service account:

      1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Create service account page.

        Go to Create service account
      2. Select your project.
      3. In the Service account name field, enter a name. The Google Cloud console fills in the Service account ID field based on this name.

        In the Service account description field, enter a description. For example, Service account for quickstart.

      4. Click Create and continue.
      5. Grant the Project > Owner role to the service account.

        To grant the role, find the Select a role list, then select Project > Owner.

      6. Click Continue.
      7. Click Done to finish creating the service account.

        Do not close your browser window. You will use it in the next step.

    14. Create a service account key:

      1. In the Google Cloud console, click the email address for the service account that you created.
      2. Click Keys.
      3. Click Add key, and then click Create new key.
      4. Click Create. A JSON key file is downloaded to your computer.
      5. Click Close.
    15. Set the environment variable GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS to the path of the JSON file that contains your credentials. This variable applies only to your current shell session, so if you open a new session, set the variable again.

    16. Install the Google Cloud CLI.
    17. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init

  2. Create a Cloud Storage bucket. You need a Cloud Storage to hold tutorial data. If you do not have one ready to use, create a new bucket in your project.

    1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Buckets page.

      Go to Buckets page

    2. Click Create bucket.
    3. On the Create a bucket page, enter your bucket information. To go to the next step, click Continue.
      • For Name your bucket, enter a name that meets the bucket naming requirements.
      • For Choose where to store your data, do the following:
        • Select a Location type option.
        • Select a Location option.
      • For Choose a default storage class for your data, select a storage class.
      • For Choose how to control access to objects, select an Access control option.
      • For Advanced settings (optional), specify an encryption method, a retention policy, or bucket labels.
    4. Click Create.

  3. Set local environment variables. Set environment variables on your local machine. Set your Google Cloud project-id and the name of the Cloud Storage bucket you will use for this tutorial. Also provide the name and region of an existing or new Dataproc cluster. You can create a cluster to use in this tutorial in the next step.

    PROJECT=project-id
    
    BUCKET_NAME=bucket-name
    
    CLUSTER=cluster-name
    
    REGION=cluster-region Example: "us-central1"
    

  4. Create a Dataproc cluster. Run the command, below, to create a single-node Dataproc cluster in the specified Compute Engine zone.

    gcloud dataproc clusters create ${CLUSTER} \
        --project=${PROJECT} \
        --region=${REGION} \
        --single-node
    

  5. Copy public data to your Cloud Storage bucket. Copy a public data Shakespeare text snippet into the input folder of your Cloud Storage bucket:

    gcloud storage cp gs://pub/shakespeare/rose.txt \
        gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/input/rose.txt
    

  6. Set up a Java (Apache Maven), Scala (SBT), or Python development environment.

Prepare the Spark wordcount job

Select a tab, below, to follow the steps to prepare a job package or file to submit to your cluster. You can prepare one of the following job types;

Java

  1. Copy pom.xml file to your local machine. The following pom.xml file specifies Scala and Spark library dependencies, which are given a provided scope to indicate that the Dataproc cluster will provide these libraries at runtime. The pom.xml file does not specify a Cloud Storage dependency because the connector implements the standard HDFS interface. When a Spark job accesses Cloud Storage cluster files (files with URIs that start with gs://), the system automatically uses the Cloud Storage connector to access the files in Cloud Storage
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
      <groupId>dataproc.codelab</groupId>
      <artifactId>word-count</artifactId>
      <version>1.0</version>
    
      <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
      </properties>
    
      <dependencies>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.scala-lang</groupId>
          <artifactId>scala-library</artifactId>
          <version>Scala version, for example, 2.11.8</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
          <artifactId>spark-core_Scala major.minor.version, for example, 2.11</artifactId>
          <version>Spark version, for example, 2.3.1</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
      </dependencies>
    </project>
    
  2. Copy the WordCount.java code listed, below, to your local machine.
    1. Create a set of directories with the path src/main/java/dataproc/codelab:
      mkdir -p src/main/java/dataproc/codelab
      
    2. Copy WordCount.java to your local machine into src/main/java/dataproc/codelab:
      cp WordCount.java src/main/java/dataproc/codelab
      

    WordCount.java is a simple Spark job in Java that reads text files from Cloud Storage, performs a word count, then writes the text file results to Cloud Storage.

    package dataproc.codelab;
    
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import org.apache.spark.SparkConf;
    import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaPairRDD;
    import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD;
    import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext;
    import scala.Tuple2;
    
    public class WordCount {
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        if (args.length != 2) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException("Exactly 2 arguments are required: <inputUri> <outputUri>");
        }
        String inputPath = args[0];
        String outputPath = args[1];
        JavaSparkContext sparkContext = new JavaSparkContext(new SparkConf().setAppName("Word Count"));
        JavaRDD<String> lines = sparkContext.textFile(inputPath);
        JavaRDD<String> words = lines.flatMap(
            (String line) -> Arrays.asList(line.split(" ")).iterator()
        );
        JavaPairRDD<String, Integer> wordCounts = words.mapToPair(
            (String word) -> new Tuple2<>(word, 1)
        ).reduceByKey(
            (Integer count1, Integer count2) -> count1 + count2
        );
        wordCounts.saveAsTextFile(outputPath);
      }
    }
    
  3. Build the package.
    mvn clean package
    
    If the build is successful, a target/word-count-1.0.jar is created.
  4. Stage the package to Cloud Storage.
    gcloud storage cp target/word-count-1.0.jar \
        gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/java/word-count-1.0.jar
    

Scala

  1. Copy build.sbt file to your local machine. The following build.sbt file specifies Scala and Spark library dependencies, which are given a provided scope to indicate that the Dataproc cluster will provide these libraries at runtime. The build.sbt file does not specify a Cloud Storage dependency because the connector implements the standard HDFS interface. When a Spark job accesses Cloud Storage cluster files (files with URIs that start with gs://), the system automatically uses the Cloud Storage connector to access the files in Cloud Storage
    scalaVersion := "Scala version, for example, 2.11.8"
    
    name := "word-count"
    organization := "dataproc.codelab"
    version := "1.0"
    
    libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
      "org.scala-lang" % "scala-library" % scalaVersion.value % "provided",
      "org.apache.spark" %% "spark-core" % "Spark version, for example, 2.3.1" % "provided"
    )
    
    
  2. Copy word-count.scala to your local machine. This is a simple Spark job in Java that reads text files from Cloud Storage, performs a word count, then writes the text file results to Cloud Storage.
    package dataproc.codelab
    
    import org.apache.spark.SparkContext
    import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
    
    object WordCount {
      def main(args: Array[String]) {
        if (args.length != 2) {
          throw new IllegalArgumentException(
              "Exactly 2 arguments are required: <inputPath> <outputPath>")
        }
    
        val inputPath = args(0)
        val outputPath = args(1)
    
        val sc = new SparkContext(new SparkConf().setAppName("Word Count"))
        val lines = sc.textFile(inputPath)
        val words = lines.flatMap(line => line.split(" "))
        val wordCounts = words.map(word => (word, 1)).reduceByKey(_ + _)
        wordCounts.saveAsTextFile(outputPath)
      }
    }
    
    
  3. Build the package.
    sbt clean package
    
    If the build is successful, a target/scala-2.11/word-count_2.11-1.0.jar is created.
  4. Stage the package to Cloud Storage.
    gcloud storage cp target/scala-2.11/word-count_2.11-1.0.jar \
        gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/scala/word-count_2.11-1.0.jar
    

Python

  1. Copy word-count.py to your local machine. This is a simple Spark job in Python using PySpark that reads text files from Cloud Storage, performs a word count, then writes the text file results to Cloud Storage.
    #!/usr/bin/env python
    
    import pyspark
    import sys
    
    if len(sys.argv) != 3:
      raise Exception("Exactly 2 arguments are required: <inputUri> <outputUri>")
    
    inputUri=sys.argv[1]
    outputUri=sys.argv[2]
    
    sc = pyspark.SparkContext()
    lines = sc.textFile(sys.argv[1])
    words = lines.flatMap(lambda line: line.split())
    wordCounts = words.map(lambda word: (word, 1)).reduceByKey(lambda count1, count2: count1 + count2)
    wordCounts.saveAsTextFile(sys.argv[2])
    

Submit the job

Run the following gcloud command to submit the wordcount job to your Dataproc cluster.

Java

gcloud dataproc jobs submit spark \
    --cluster=${CLUSTER} \
    --class=dataproc.codelab.WordCount \
    --jars=gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/java/word-count-1.0.jar \
    --region=${REGION} \
    -- gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/input/ gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/output/

Scala

gcloud dataproc jobs submit spark \
    --cluster=${CLUSTER} \
    --class=dataproc.codelab.WordCount \
    --jars=gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/scala/word-count_2.11-1.0.jar \
    --region=${REGION} \
    -- gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/input/ gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/output/

Python

gcloud dataproc jobs submit pyspark word-count.py \
    --cluster=${CLUSTER} \
    --region=${REGION} \
    -- gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/input/ gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/output/

View the output

After the job finishes, run the following gcloud CLI command to view the wordcount output.

gcloud storage cat gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/output/*

The wordcount output should be similar to the following:

(a,2)
(call,1)
(What's,1)
(sweet.,1)
(we,1)
(as,1)
(name?,1)
(any,1)
(other,1)
(rose,1)
(smell,1)
(name,1)
(would,1)
(in,1)
(which,1)
(That,1)
(By,1)

Clean up

After you finish the tutorial, you can clean up the resources that you created so that they stop using quota and incurring charges. The following sections describe how to delete or turn off these resources.

Deleting the project

The easiest way to eliminate billing is to delete the project that you created for the tutorial.

To delete the project:

  1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Manage resources page.

    Go to Manage resources

  2. In the project list, select the project that you want to delete, and then click Delete.
  3. In the dialog, type the project ID, and then click Shut down to delete the project.

Deleting the Dataproc cluster

Instead of deleting your project, you may wish to only delete your cluster within the project.

Deleting the Cloud Storage bucket

Google Cloud console

  1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Buckets page.

    Go to Buckets

  2. Click the checkbox for the bucket that you want to delete.
  3. To delete the bucket, click Delete, and then follow the instructions.

Command line

    Delete the bucket:
    gcloud storage buckets delete BUCKET_NAME

What's next