Defina variáveis de ambiente de compilação (implementação de origem)
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As variáveis de ambiente de compilação são pares de chave-valor que lhe permitem transmitir informações de configuração aos buildpacks quando implementa a partir do código fonte. Por exemplo, no momento da compilação, pode querer personalizar as opções do compilador, especificar certificados de compilação, configurar parâmetros, etc.
Esta página mostra como definir variáveis de ambiente de compilação que estão disponíveis no momento da compilação e é relevante para programadores de plataformas que estão a implementar serviços ou funções do Cloud Run a partir da origem. As flags da CLI gcloud da variável de ambiente de compilação são suportadas para implementações de origem (--source) e não são suportadas para implementações de imagens de contentores (--image).
Pode usar variáveis de ambiente para a configuração de serviços ou funções, mas não
as recomendamos como forma de armazenar segredos, como credenciais de bases de dados ou chaves de API.
Armazene valores confidenciais fora do código fonte e das variáveis de ambiente. Para armazenar segredos, recomendamos que use o Secret Manager.
Para configurar serviços que acedem a segredos armazenados no Secret Manager,
consulte o artigo Configure segredos.
Depois de ativar a API Cloud Run Admin, a conta de serviço predefinida do Compute Engine é criada automaticamente.
Funções necessárias
O utilizador ou o administrador tem de conceder à conta de implementação e à conta de serviço do Cloud Build as seguintes funções do IAM.
Clique para ver as funções necessárias para a conta do implementador
Para receber as autorizações necessárias para criar e implementar a partir da origem,
peça ao seu administrador para lhe conceder as seguintes funções de IAM:
Clique para ver as funções necessárias para a conta de serviço do Cloud Build
O Cloud Build usa automaticamente a
conta de serviço predefinida do Compute Engine como a conta de serviço predefinida do Cloud Build para compilar o seu código-fonte e o
recurso do Cloud Run, a menos que substitua este comportamento. Para que o Cloud Build compile as suas origens, peça ao administrador para conceder a função
Cloud Run Builder
(roles/run.builder) à conta de serviço predefinida do Compute Engine no seu projeto:
Substitua PROJECT_NUMBER pelo seu Google Cloud
número do projeto e PROJECT_ID pelo seu Google Cloud
ID do projeto. Para ver instruções detalhadas sobre como encontrar o ID e o número do projeto,
consulte o artigo Criar
e gerir projetos.
A concessão da função de criador do Cloud Run à conta de serviço predefinida do Compute Engine
demora alguns minutos a propagar.
KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2 com a lista separada por vírgulas dos nomes das variáveis e os respetivos valores implementados juntamente com uma função que lhe permite transmitir informações de configuração para os buildpacks.
Se estiver a implementar uma função, adicione a flag --function com o ponto de entrada da função a partir do código-fonte.
Atualize as variáveis de ambiente de compilação
Pode atualizar as variáveis do ambiente de compilação para serviços existentes. Esta é uma abordagem não destrutiva que altera ou adiciona variáveis de ambiente de compilação, mas não elimina as variáveis de ambiente de compilação.
gcloud
Para atualizar as variáveis de ambiente de compilação para serviços existentes, use a flag --update-build-env-vars:
[[["Fácil de entender","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Meu problema foi resolvido","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Outro","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Difícil de entender","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Informações incorretas ou exemplo de código","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Não contém as informações/amostras de que eu preciso","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problema na tradução","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Outro","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Última atualização 2025-09-04 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Set build environment variables (source deploy)\n\nBuild environment variables are key-value pairs that let you pass configuration\ninformation to [buildpacks](/docs/buildpacks/overview) when deploying\nfrom source code. For example, at build time, you might want to customize\ncompiler options, specify build-time certificates, configure parameters, and so\nforth.\n\nThis page shows how to set build environment variables that are available at\nbuild time, and is relevant for platform developers who are deploying\nCloud Run [services](/run/docs/deploying-source-code) or\n[functions](/run/docs/deploy-functions) from source. The build environment\nvariable gcloud CLI flags are supported for\n[source deployments](/run/docs/deploying-source-code) (`--source`), and not\nsupported for [container image deployments](/run/docs/deploying) (`--image`).\n\nYou can use environment variables for service or function configuration, but we don't\nrecommend them as a way to store secrets such as database credentials or API keys.\nStore sensitive values outside both your source code and environment variables. To\nstore secrets, we recommend using Secret Manager.\nTo configure services that access secrets stored in Secret Manager,\nsee [Configure secrets](/run/docs/configuring/secrets).\n\nBefore you begin\n----------------\n\n- Enable the Cloud Run Admin API and the Cloud Build API:\n\n ```bash\n gcloud services enable run.googleapis.com \\\n cloudbuild.googleapis.com\n ```\n\n After the Cloud Run Admin API is enabled, the Compute Engine default service account is\n automatically created.\n\n### Required roles\n\nYou or your administrator must grant the deployer account and the\nCloud Build service account the following IAM roles. \n\n#### Click to view required roles for the deployer account\n\nTo get the permissions that you need to build and deploy from source,\nask your administrator to grant you the following IAM\nroles:\n\n- [Cloud Run Source Developer](/iam/docs/understanding-roles#run.sourceDeveloper) (`roles/run.sourceDeveloper`) on your project\n- [Service Usage Consumer](/iam/docs/understanding-roles#serviceusage.serviceUsageConsumer) (`roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageConsumer`) on your project\n- [Service Account User](/iam/docs/understanding-roles#iam.serviceAccountUser) (`roles/iam.serviceAccountUser`) on the Cloud Run service identity \n\n#### Click to view required roles for the Cloud Build service account\n\nCloud Build automatically uses the\n[Compute Engine default service\naccount](/build/docs/cloud-build-service-account) as the default Cloud Build service account to build your source code and\nCloud Run resource, unless you override this behavior. For\nCloud Build to build your sources, ask your administrator to grant\n[Cloud Run Builder](/iam/docs/understanding-roles#run.builder)\n(`roles/run.builder`) to the Compute Engine default\nservice account on your project: \n\n```bash\n gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID \\\n --member=serviceAccount:PROJECT_NUMBER-compute@developer.gserviceaccount.com \\\n --role=roles/run.builder\n \n```\n\nReplace \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003ePROJECT_NUMBER\u003c/var\u003e with your Google Cloud\nproject number, and \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003ePROJECT_ID\u003c/var\u003e with your Google Cloud\nproject ID. For detailed instructions on how to find your project ID, and project number,\nsee [Creating\nand managing projects](/resource-manager/docs/creating-managing-projects#identifying_projects).\n\nGranting the Cloud Run builder role to the Compute Engine default service account\ntakes a couple of minutes to [propagate](/iam/docs/access-change-propagation).\n| **Note:**\n|\n|\n| The [`iam.automaticIamGrantsForDefaultServiceAccounts` organization policy constraint](/resource-manager/docs/organization-policy/restricting-service-accounts#disable_service_account_default_grants)\n| prevents the Editor role from being automatically granted to default service accounts. If you\n| created your organization after May 3, 2024, this constraint is enforced by\n| default.\n|\n|\n| We strongly recommend that you enforce this constraint to disable the automatic role grant. If you\n| disable the automatic role grant, you must decide which roles to grant to the default service\n| accounts, and then [grant these roles](/iam/docs/granting-changing-revoking-access)\n| yourself.\n|\n|\n| If the default service account already has the Editor role, we recommend that you replace the\n| Editor role with less permissive roles.To safely modify the service account's roles, use [Policy Simulator](/policy-intelligence/docs/simulate-iam-policies) to see the impact of\n| the change, and then [grant and revoke the\n| appropriate roles](/iam/docs/granting-changing-revoking-access).\n\nFor a list of IAM roles and permissions that are associated with\nCloud Run, see\n[Cloud Run IAM roles](/run/docs/reference/iam/roles)\nand [Cloud Run IAM permissions](/run/docs/reference/iam/permissions).\nIf your Cloud Run service interfaces with\nGoogle Cloud APIs, such as Cloud Client Libraries, see the\n[service identity configuration guide](/run/docs/configuring/services/service-identity).\nFor more information about granting roles, see\n[deployment permissions](/run/docs/reference/iam/roles#additional-configuration)\nand [manage access](/iam/docs/granting-changing-revoking-access).\n\nMaximum number of build environment variables and limits\n--------------------------------------------------------\n\nYou can define up to 100 build environment\nvariables, with a total key and value limit of 64 KiB.\n\nSet build environment variables\n-------------------------------\n\nYou can set build environment variables to establish new variables or completely\nreplace existing build variables.\n**Note:** Keys must start with an uppercase ASCII letter, and consist of uppercase ASCII letters, digits, and underscores. You should avoid creating variable keys with a `GOOGLE_*` prefix. [View all supported buildpacks environment variables](/docs/buildpacks/service-specific-configs). \n\n### gcloud\n\nTo set build environment variables when deploying a service from\nsource code, use the `--set-build-env-vars` flag: \n\n```bash\ngcloud run deploy SERVICE \\\n --source . \\\n --set-build-env-vars KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2\n```\n\nReplace:\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSERVICE\u003c/var\u003e with name of your Cloud Run service.\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eKEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2\u003c/var\u003e with the comma-separated list of variable names and their values that are deployed alongside a function that let you pass configuration information to buildpacks.\n\nIf you are deploying a function, add the `--function` flag with the function\nentry point from your source code.\n\nUpdate build environment variables\n----------------------------------\n\nYou can update build environment variables for existing services. This is a\nnon-destructive approach that changes or adds build environment variables, but\ndoes not delete the build environment variables. \n\n### gcloud\n\nTo update build environment variables for existing services, use the\n`--update-build-env-vars` flag: \n\n```bash\ngcloud run deploy SERVICE \\\n --source . \\\n --update-build-env-vars KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2\n```\n\nIf you are deploying a function, add the `--function` flag with the function\nentry point from your source code.\n\nDelete build environment variables\n----------------------------------\n\nYou can delete build environment variables for existing services. \n\n### gcloud\n\nTo remove build environment variables for existing services, use the\n`--remove-build-env-vars` flag: \n\n```bash\ngcloud run deploy SERVICE \\\n --source . \\\n --remove-build-env-vars KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2\n```\n\nAlternatively, you can clear build environment variables by using the\n`--clear-build-env-vars` for existing services: \n\n```bash\ngcloud run deploy SERVICE \\\n --source . \\\n --clear-build-env-vars KEY1=VALUE1,KEY2=VALUE2\n```\n\nIf you are deploying a function, add the `--function` flag with the function\nentry point from your source code.\n\nUse a build environment variables file\n--------------------------------------\n\nYou can use a build environment variables file for existing functions. \n\n### gcloud\n\nTo set build environment variables from a file, use the\n`--build-env-vars-file` flag: \n\n```bash\ngcloud run deploy SERVICE \\\n --source . \\\n --build-env-vars-file FILE_NAME.yaml\n```\n\nReplace \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eFILE_NAME\u003c/var\u003e.yaml where the contents of the file, which\nshould look as follows: \n\n KEY1: VALUE1\n KEY2: VALUE2\n\nIf you are deploying a function, add the `--function` flag with the function\nentry point from your source code."]]
