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Mit synchroner Pull-Zustellung und Leasing-Verwaltung abonnieren

Synchrone Pull-Zustellung verwenden, um Nachrichten zu erhalten und ihre Bestätigungsfristen zu ändern.

Weitere Informationen

Eine ausführliche Dokumentation, die dieses Codebeispiel enthält, finden Sie hier:

Bestätigungszeit durch Leasingverwaltung verlängern

Codebeispiel

C#

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für C# in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Pub/Sub C# API Referenzdokumentation.

Richten Sie Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen ein, um sich bei Pub/Sub zu authentifizieren. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Authentifizierung für eine lokale Entwicklungsumgebung einrichten.


using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Grpc.Core;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class PullMessageWithLeaseManagementSample
{
    public int PullMessageWithLeaseManagement(string projectId, string subscriptionId, bool acknowledge)
    {
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.FromProjectSubscription(projectId, subscriptionId);
        SubscriberServiceApiClient subscriberClient = SubscriberServiceApiClient.Create();

        var ackIds = new List<string>();
        try
        {
            PullResponse response = subscriberClient.Pull(subscriptionName, maxMessages: 20);

            // Print out each received message.
            foreach (ReceivedMessage msg in response.ReceivedMessages)
            {
                ackIds.Add(msg.AckId);
                string text = msg.Message.Data.ToStringUtf8();
                Console.WriteLine($"Message {msg.Message.MessageId}: {text}");

                // Modify the ack deadline of each received message from the default 10 seconds to 30.
                // This prevents the server from redelivering the message after the default 10 seconds
                // have passed.
                subscriberClient.ModifyAckDeadline(subscriptionName, new List<string> { msg.AckId }, 30);
            }
            // If acknowledgement required, send to server.
            if (acknowledge && ackIds.Count > 0)
            {
                subscriberClient.Acknowledge(subscriptionName, ackIds);
            }
        }
        catch (RpcException ex) when (ex.Status.StatusCode == StatusCode.Unavailable)
        {
            // UNAVAILABLE due to too many concurrent pull requests pending for the given subscription.
        }
        return ackIds.Count;
    }
}

Java

Bevor Sie dieses Beispiel ausprobieren, folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Java in der Pub/Sub-Schnellstart mit Clientbibliotheken. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub Java API.

Richten Sie die Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen ein, um sich bei Pub/Sub zu authentifizieren. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Authentifizierung für eine lokale Entwicklungsumgebung einrichten.


import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.stub.GrpcSubscriberStub;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.stub.SubscriberStub;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.stub.SubscriberStubSettings;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.AcknowledgeRequest;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ModifyAckDeadlineRequest;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PullRequest;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PullResponse;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ReceivedMessage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SubscribeSyncWithLeaseExample {
  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    Integer numOfMessages = 10;

    subscribeSyncWithLeaseExample(projectId, subscriptionId, numOfMessages);
  }

  public static void subscribeSyncWithLeaseExample(
      String projectId, String subscriptionId, Integer numOfMessages)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    SubscriberStubSettings subscriberStubSettings =
        SubscriberStubSettings.newBuilder()
            .setTransportChannelProvider(
                SubscriberStubSettings.defaultGrpcTransportProviderBuilder()
                    .setMaxInboundMessageSize(20 << 20) // 20 MB
                    .build())
            .build();

    try (SubscriberStub subscriber = GrpcSubscriberStub.create(subscriberStubSettings)) {

      String subscriptionName = ProjectSubscriptionName.format(projectId, subscriptionId);

      PullRequest pullRequest =
          PullRequest.newBuilder()
              .setMaxMessages(numOfMessages)
              .setSubscription(subscriptionName)
              .build();

      // Use pullCallable().futureCall to asynchronously perform this operation.
      PullResponse pullResponse = subscriber.pullCallable().call(pullRequest);

      // Stop the program if the pull response is empty to avoid acknowledging
      // an empty list of ack IDs.
      if (pullResponse.getReceivedMessagesList().isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No message was pulled. Exiting.");
        return;
      }

      List<String> ackIds = new ArrayList<>();
      for (ReceivedMessage message : pullResponse.getReceivedMessagesList()) {
        ackIds.add(message.getAckId());

        // Modify the ack deadline of each received message from the default 10 seconds to 30.
        // This prevents the server from redelivering the message after the default 10 seconds
        // have passed.
        ModifyAckDeadlineRequest modifyAckDeadlineRequest =
            ModifyAckDeadlineRequest.newBuilder()
                .setSubscription(subscriptionName)
                .addAckIds(message.getAckId())
                .setAckDeadlineSeconds(30)
                .build();

        subscriber.modifyAckDeadlineCallable().call(modifyAckDeadlineRequest);
      }

      // Acknowledge received messages.
      AcknowledgeRequest acknowledgeRequest =
          AcknowledgeRequest.newBuilder()
              .setSubscription(subscriptionName)
              .addAllAckIds(ackIds)
              .build();

      // Use acknowledgeCallable().futureCall to asynchronously perform this operation.
      subscriber.acknowledgeCallable().call(acknowledgeRequest);
      System.out.println(pullResponse.getReceivedMessagesList());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Bevor Sie dieses Beispiel ausprobieren, folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Node.js in der Pub/Sub-Schnellstart mit Clientbibliotheken. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Pub/Sub Node.js API Referenzdokumentation.

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library. v1 is for the lower level
// proto access.
const {v1} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use.
const subClient = new v1.SubscriberClient();

async function synchronousPullWithLeaseManagement() {
  // The low level API client requires a name only.
  const formattedSubscription =
    subscriptionNameOrId.indexOf('/') >= 0
      ? subscriptionNameOrId
      : subClient.subscriptionPath(projectId, subscriptionNameOrId);

  // The maximum number of messages returned for this request.
  // Pub/Sub may return fewer than the number specified.
  const maxMessages = 1;
  const newAckDeadlineSeconds = 30;
  const request = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    maxMessages: maxMessages,
    allowExcessMessages: false,
  };

  let isProcessed = false;

  // The worker function is meant to be non-blocking. It starts a long-
  // running process, such as writing the message to a table, which may
  // take longer than the default 10-sec acknowledge deadline.
  function worker(message) {
    console.log(`Processing "${message.message.data}"...`);

    setTimeout(() => {
      console.log(`Finished procesing "${message.message.data}".`);
      isProcessed = true;
    }, 30000);
  }

  // The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
  const [response] = await subClient.pull(request);

  // Obtain the first message.
  const message = response.receivedMessages[0];

  // Send the message to the worker function.
  worker(message);

  let waiting = true;
  while (waiting) {
    await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 10000));
    // If the message has been processed..
    if (isProcessed) {
      const ackRequest = {
        subscription: formattedSubscription,
        ackIds: [message.ackId],
      };

      //..acknowledges the message.
      await subClient.acknowledge(ackRequest);
      console.log(`Acknowledged: "${message.message.data}".`);
      // Exit after the message is acknowledged.
      waiting = false;
      console.log('Done.');
    } else {
      // If the message is not yet processed..
      const modifyAckRequest = {
        subscription: formattedSubscription,
        ackIds: [message.ackId],
        ackDeadlineSeconds: newAckDeadlineSeconds,
      };

      //..reset its ack deadline.
      await subClient.modifyAckDeadline(modifyAckRequest);

      console.log(
        `Reset ack deadline for "${message.message.data}" for ${newAckDeadlineSeconds}s.`
      );
    }
  }
}

synchronousPullWithLeaseManagement().catch(console.error);

Python

Bevor Sie dieses Beispiel ausprobieren, folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Python in der Pub/Sub-Schnellstart mit Clientbibliotheken. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Pub/Sub Python API Referenzdokumentation.

import logging
import multiprocessing
import sys
import time

from google.api_core import retry
from google.cloud import pubsub_v1

multiprocessing.log_to_stderr()
logger = multiprocessing.get_logger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
processes = dict()

# TODO(developer)
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

subscriber = pubsub_v1.SubscriberClient()
subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project_id, subscription_id)

response = subscriber.pull(
    request={"subscription": subscription_path, "max_messages": 3},
    retry=retry.Retry(deadline=300),
)

if len(response.received_messages) == 0:
    return

# Start a process for each message based on its size modulo 10.
for message in response.received_messages:
    process = multiprocessing.Process(
        target=time.sleep, args=(sys.getsizeof(message) % 10,)
    )
    processes[process] = (message.ack_id, message.message.data)
    process.start()

while processes:
    # Take a break every second.
    if processes:
        time.sleep(1)

    for process in list(processes):
        ack_id, msg_data = processes[process]
        # If the process is running, reset the ack deadline.
        if process.is_alive():
            subscriber.modify_ack_deadline(
                request={
                    "subscription": subscription_path,
                    "ack_ids": [ack_id],
                    # Must be between 10 and 600.
                    "ack_deadline_seconds": 15,
                }
            )
            logger.debug(f"Reset ack deadline for {msg_data}.")

        # If the process is complete, acknowledge the message.
        else:
            subscriber.acknowledge(
                request={"subscription": subscription_path, "ack_ids": [ack_id]}
            )
            logger.debug(f"Acknowledged {msg_data}.")
            processes.pop(process)
print(
    f"Received and acknowledged {len(response.received_messages)} messages from {subscription_path}."
)

# Close the underlying gPRC channel. Alternatively, wrap subscriber in
# a 'with' block to automatically call close() when done.
subscriber.close()

Ruby

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Ruby in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub Ruby API.

# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

pubsub = Google::Cloud::Pubsub.new

subscription = pubsub.subscription subscription_id
new_ack_deadline = 30
processed = false

# The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
received_messages = subscription.pull immediate: false, max: 1

# Obtain the first message.
message = received_messages.first

# Send the message to a non-blocking worker that starts a long-running process, such as writing
# the message to a table, which may take longer than the default 10-sec acknowledge deadline.
Thread.new do
  sleep 15
  processed = true
  puts "Finished processing \"#{message.data}\"."
end

loop do
  sleep 1
  if processed
    # If the message has been processed, acknowledge the message.
    message.acknowledge!
    puts "Done."
    # Exit after the message is acknowledged.
    break
  else
    # If the message has not yet been processed, reset its ack deadline.
    message.modify_ack_deadline! new_ack_deadline
    puts "Reset ack deadline for \"#{message.data}\" for #{new_ack_deadline} seconds."
  end
end

Nächste Schritte

Informationen zum Suchen und Filtern von Codebeispielen für andere Google Cloud-Produkte finden Sie im Google Cloud-Beispielbrowser.