Use emulator

Configures your code to use the emulator instead of the real Pub/Sub service. Applies to C# and Java.

Explore further

For detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:

• Testing apps locally with the emulator

Code sample

C#

Before trying this sample, follow the C# setup instructions in the Pub/Sub quickstart using client libraries. For more information, see the Pub/Sub C# API reference documentation.

To authenticate to Pub/Sub, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

using Google.Api.Gax;
using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class EmulatorSupportSample
{
    public async Task WithEmulatorAsync(string projectId, string topicId, string subscriptionId)
    {
        // Use EmulatorDetection.EmulatorOrProduction to create service clients that will
        // that will connect to the PubSub emulator if the PUBSUB_EMULATOR_HOST environment
        // variable is set, but will otherwise connect to the production environment.

        // Create the PublisherServiceApiClient using the PublisherServiceApiClientBuilder
        // and setting the EmulatorDection property.
        PublisherServiceApiClient publisherService = await new PublisherServiceApiClientBuilder
        {
            EmulatorDetection = EmulatorDetection.EmulatorOrProduction
        }.BuildAsync();

        // Use the client as you'd normally do, to create a topic in this example.
        TopicName topicName = new TopicName(projectId, topicId);
        publisherService.CreateTopic(topicName);

        // Create the SubscriberServiceApiClient using the SubscriberServiceApiClientBuilder
        // and setting the EmulatorDection property.
        SubscriberServiceApiClient subscriberService = await new SubscriberServiceApiClientBuilder
        {
            EmulatorDetection = EmulatorDetection.EmulatorOrProduction
        }.BuildAsync();

        // Use the client as you'd normally do, to create a subscription in this example.
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = new SubscriptionName(projectId, subscriptionId);
        subscriberService.CreateSubscription(subscriptionName, topicName, pushConfig: null, ackDeadlineSeconds: 60);

        // Create the PublisherClient using PublisherClientBuilder to set the EmulatorDetection property.
        PublisherClient publisher = await new PublisherClientBuilder
        {
            TopicName = topicName,
            EmulatorDetection = EmulatorDetection.EmulatorOrProduction
        }.BuildAsync();
        // Use the client as you'd normally do, to send a message in this example.
        await publisher.PublishAsync("Hello, Pubsub");
        await publisher.ShutdownAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15));

        // Create the SubscriberClient using SubscriberClientBuild to set the EmulatorDetection property.
        SubscriberClient subscriber = await new SubscriberClientBuilder
        {
            SubscriptionName = subscriptionName,
            EmulatorDetection = EmulatorDetection.EmulatorOrProduction
        }.BuildAsync();
        List<PubsubMessage> receivedMessages = new List<PubsubMessage>();

        // Use the client as you'd normally do, to listen for messages in this example.
        await subscriber.StartAsync((msg, cancellationToken) =>
        {
            receivedMessages.Add(msg);
            Console.WriteLine($"Received message {msg.MessageId} published at {msg.PublishTime.ToDateTime()}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Text: '{msg.Data.ToStringUtf8()}'");
            // In this example we stop the subscriber when the message is received.
            // You may leave the subscriber running, and it will continue to received published messages
            // if any.
            // This is non-blocking, and the returned Task may be awaited.
            subscriber.StopAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15));
            // Return Reply.Ack to indicate this message has been handled.
            return Task.FromResult(SubscriberClient.Reply.Ack);
        });
    }
}

Java

Before trying this sample, follow the Java setup instructions in the Pub/Sub quickstart using client libraries. For more information, see the Pub/Sub Java API reference documentation.

To authenticate to Pub/Sub, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

import com.google.api.core.ApiFuture;
import com.google.api.gax.core.CredentialsProvider;
import com.google.api.gax.core.NoCredentialsProvider;
import com.google.api.gax.grpc.GrpcTransportChannel;
import com.google.api.gax.rpc.FixedTransportChannelProvider;
import com.google.api.gax.rpc.TransportChannelProvider;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Publisher;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.TopicAdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.TopicAdminSettings;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.Topic;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.TopicName;
import io.grpc.ManagedChannel;
import io.grpc.ManagedChannelBuilder;

public class UsePubSubEmulatorExample {
  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    String hostport = System.getenv("PUBSUB_EMULATOR_HOST");
    ManagedChannel channel = ManagedChannelBuilder.forTarget(hostport).usePlaintext().build();
    try {
      TransportChannelProvider channelProvider =
          FixedTransportChannelProvider.create(GrpcTransportChannel.create(channel));
      CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = NoCredentialsProvider.create();

      // Set the channel and credentials provider when creating a `TopicAdminClient`.
      // Can be done similarly for a `SubscriptionAdminClient`.
      TopicAdminClient topicAdminClient =
          TopicAdminClient.create(
              TopicAdminSettings.newBuilder()
                  .setTransportChannelProvider(channelProvider)
                  .setCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
                  .build());

      TopicName topicName = TopicName.of("my-project-id", "my-topic-id");
      Topic topic = topicAdminClient.createTopic(topicName);
      System.out.println("Created topic: " + topic.getName());

      // Set the channel and credentials provider when creating a `Publisher`.
      // Can be done similarly for a `Subscriber`.
      Publisher publisher =
          Publisher.newBuilder(topicName)
              .setChannelProvider(channelProvider)
              .setCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider)
              .build();

      String message = "Hello World!";
      ByteString data = ByteString.copyFromUtf8(message);
      PubsubMessage pubsubMessage = PubsubMessage.newBuilder().setData(data).build();

      ApiFuture<String> messageIdFuture = publisher.publish(pubsubMessage);
      String messageId = messageIdFuture.get();
      System.out.println("Published message ID: " + messageId);
    } finally {
      channel.shutdown();
    }
  }
}

What's next

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