Eseguire query su Fogli con una tabella temporanea

Esegui query sui dati di un file Fogli Google creando una tabella temporanea.

Per saperne di più

Per la documentazione dettagliata che include questo esempio di codice, vedi quanto segue:

• Eseguire query sui dati di Drive

Esempio di codice

Java

Prima di provare questo esempio, segui le istruzioni di configurazione di Java nella guida rapida di BigQuery per l'utilizzo delle librerie client. Per saperne di più, consulta la documentazione di riferimento dell'API BigQuery Java.

Per eseguire l'autenticazione in BigQuery, configura le Credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per saperne di più, vedi Configurare l'autenticazione per le librerie client.

import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.ServiceAccountCredentials;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQuery;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryException;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.ExternalTableDefinition;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Field;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.GoogleSheetsOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.QueryJobConfiguration;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Schema;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.StandardSQLTypeName;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableResult;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import java.io.IOException;

// Sample to queries an external data source using a temporary table
public class QueryExternalSheetsTemp {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String tableName = "MY_TABLE_NAME";
    String sourceUri =
        "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1i_QCL-7HcSyUZmIbP9E6lO_T5u3HnpLe7dnpHaijg_E/edit?usp=sharing";
    Schema schema =
        Schema.of(
            Field.of("name", StandardSQLTypeName.STRING),
            Field.of("post_abbr", StandardSQLTypeName.STRING));
    String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE name LIKE 'W%%'", tableName);
    queryExternalSheetsTemp(tableName, sourceUri, schema, query);
  }

  public static void queryExternalSheetsTemp(
      String tableName, String sourceUri, Schema schema, String query) {
    try {

      // Create credentials with Drive & BigQuery API scopes.
      // Both APIs must be enabled for your project before running this code.
      GoogleCredentials credentials =
          ServiceAccountCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
              .createScoped(
                  ImmutableSet.of(
                      "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigquery",
                      "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive"));

      // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
      // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
      BigQuery bigquery =
          BigQueryOptions.newBuilder().setCredentials(credentials).build().getService();

      // Skip header row in the file.
      GoogleSheetsOptions sheetsOptions =
          GoogleSheetsOptions.newBuilder()
              .setSkipLeadingRows(1) // Optionally skip header row.
              .setRange("us-states!A20:B49") // Optionally set range of the sheet to query from.
              .build();

      // Configure the external data source and query job.
      ExternalTableDefinition externalTable =
          ExternalTableDefinition.newBuilder(sourceUri, sheetsOptions).setSchema(schema).build();
      QueryJobConfiguration queryConfig =
          QueryJobConfiguration.newBuilder(query)
              .addTableDefinition(tableName, externalTable)
              .build();

      // Example query to find states starting with 'W'
      TableResult results = bigquery.query(queryConfig);

      results
          .iterateAll()
          .forEach(row -> row.forEach(val -> System.out.printf("%s,", val.toString())));

      System.out.println("Query on external temporary table performed successfully.");
    } catch (BigQueryException | InterruptedException | IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Query not performed \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }
}

Python

Prima di provare questo esempio, segui le istruzioni di configurazione di Python nella guida rapida di BigQuery per l'utilizzo delle librerie client. Per saperne di più, consulta la documentazione di riferimento dell'API BigQuery Python.

Per eseguire l'autenticazione in BigQuery, configura le Credenziali predefinite dell'applicazione. Per saperne di più, vedi Configurare l'autenticazione per le librerie client.

from google.cloud import bigquery
import google.auth

# Create credentials with Drive & BigQuery API scopes.
# Both APIs must be enabled for your project before running this code.
#
# If you are using credentials from gcloud, you must authorize the
# application first with the following command:
#
# gcloud auth application-default login \
#   --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform
credentials, project = google.auth.default(
    scopes=[
        "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive",
        "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
    ]
)

# Construct a BigQuery client object.
client = bigquery.Client(credentials=credentials, project=project)

# Configure the external data source and query job.
external_config = bigquery.ExternalConfig("GOOGLE_SHEETS")

# Use a shareable link or grant viewing access to the email address you
# used to authenticate with BigQuery (this example Sheet is public).
sheet_url = (
    "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets"
    "/d/1i_QCL-7HcSyUZmIbP9E6lO_T5u3HnpLe7dnpHaijg_E/edit?usp=sharing"
)
external_config.source_uris = [sheet_url]
external_config.schema = [
    bigquery.SchemaField("name", "STRING"),
    bigquery.SchemaField("post_abbr", "STRING"),
]
options = external_config.google_sheets_options
assert options is not None
options.skip_leading_rows = 1  # Optionally skip header row.
options.range = (
    "us-states!A20:B49"  # Optionally set range of the sheet to query from.
)
table_id = "us_states"
job_config = bigquery.QueryJobConfig(table_definitions={table_id: external_config})

# Example query to find states starting with "W".
sql = 'SELECT * FROM `{}` WHERE name LIKE "W%"'.format(table_id)

query_job = client.query(sql, job_config=job_config)  # Make an API request.

# Wait for the query to complete.
w_states = list(query_job)
print(
    "There are {} states with names starting with W in the selected range.".format(
        len(w_states)
    )
)

Passaggi successivi

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