Carregar um arquivo CSV com esquema de detecção automática

Carregue um arquivo CSV do Cloud Storage usando um esquema explícito.

Amostra de código

Go

Antes de testar essa amostra, siga as instruções de configuração para Go no Guia de início rápido do BigQuery: como usar bibliotecas de cliente. Para mais informações, consulte a documentação de referência da API BigQuery em Go. 

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"cloud.google.com/go/bigquery"
)

// importCSVAutodetectSchema demonstrates loading data from CSV data in Cloud Storage
// and using schema autodetection to identify the available columns.
func importCSVAutodetectSchema(projectID, datasetID, tableID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// datasetID := "mydataset"
	// tableID := "mytable"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := bigquery.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("bigquery.NewClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	gcsRef := bigquery.NewGCSReference("gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/us-states/us-states.csv")
	gcsRef.SourceFormat = bigquery.CSV
	gcsRef.AutoDetect = true
	gcsRef.SkipLeadingRows = 1
	loader := client.Dataset(datasetID).Table(tableID).LoaderFrom(gcsRef)

	job, err := loader.Run(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	status, err := job.Wait(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if status.Err() != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("job completed with error: %v", status.Err())
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Antes de testar essa amostra, siga as instruções de configuração para Java no Guia de início rápido do BigQuery: como usar bibliotecas de cliente. Para mais informações, consulte a documentação de referência da API BigQuery em Java. 

import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQuery;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryException;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.CsvOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Job;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.JobInfo;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.LoadJobConfiguration;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableId;

// Sample to load CSV data with autodetect schema from Cloud Storage into a new BigQuery table
public class LoadCsvFromGcsAutodetect {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String datasetName = "MY_DATASET_NAME";
    String tableName = "MY_TABLE_NAME";
    String sourceUri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/us-states/us-states.csv";
    loadCsvFromGcsAutodetect(datasetName, tableName, sourceUri);
  }

  public static void loadCsvFromGcsAutodetect(
      String datasetName, String tableName, String sourceUri) {
    try {
      // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
      // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
      BigQuery bigquery = BigQueryOptions.getDefaultInstance().getService();

      TableId tableId = TableId.of(datasetName, tableName);

      // Skip header row in the file.
      CsvOptions csvOptions = CsvOptions.newBuilder().setSkipLeadingRows(1).build();

      LoadJobConfiguration loadConfig =
          LoadJobConfiguration.newBuilder(tableId, sourceUri)
              .setFormatOptions(csvOptions)
              .setAutodetect(true)
              .build();

      // Load data from a GCS CSV file into the table
      Job job = bigquery.create(JobInfo.of(loadConfig));
      // Blocks until this load table job completes its execution, either failing or succeeding.
      job = job.waitFor();
      if (job.isDone() && job.getStatus().getError() == null) {
        System.out.println("CSV Autodetect from GCS successfully loaded in a table");
      } else {
        System.out.println(
            "BigQuery was unable to load into the table due to an error:"
                + job.getStatus().getError());
      }
    } catch (BigQueryException | InterruptedException e) {
      System.out.println("Column not added during load append \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Antes de testar essa amostra, siga as instruções de configuração para Node.js no Guia de início rápido do BigQuery: como usar bibliotecas de cliente. Para mais informações, consulte a documentação de referência da API BigQuery Node.js. 

// Import the Google Cloud client libraries
const {BigQuery} = require('@google-cloud/bigquery');
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Instantiate clients
const bigquery = new BigQuery();
const storage = new Storage();

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample
 */
// const datasetId = "my_dataset";
// const tableId = "my_table";

/**
 * This sample loads the CSV file at
 * https://storage.googleapis.com/cloud-samples-data/bigquery/us-states/us-states.csv
 *
 * TODO(developer): Replace the following lines with the path to your file
 */
const bucketName = 'cloud-samples-data';
const filename = 'bigquery/us-states/us-states.csv';

async function loadCSVFromGCSAutodetect() {
  // Imports a GCS file into a table with autodetected schema.

  // Configure the load job. For full list of options, see:
  // https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/rest/v2/Job#JobConfigurationLoad
  const metadata = {
    sourceFormat: 'CSV',
    skipLeadingRows: 1,
    autodetect: true,
    location: 'US',
  };

  // Load data from a Google Cloud Storage file into the table
  const [job] = await bigquery
    .dataset(datasetId)
    .table(tableId)
    .load(storage.bucket(bucketName).file(filename), metadata);
  // load() waits for the job to finish
  console.log(`Job ${job.id} completed.`);

  // Check the job's status for errors
  const errors = job.status.errors;
  if (errors && errors.length > 0) {
    throw errors;
  }
}

PHP

Antes de testar esta amostra, siga as instruções de configuração para PHP no Guia de início rápido do BigQuery: como usar bibliotecas de cliente. Para mais informações, consulte a documentação de referência da API BigQuery PHP. 

use Google\Cloud\BigQuery\BigQueryClient;
use Google\Cloud\Core\ExponentialBackoff;

/** Uncomment and populate these variables in your code */
// $projectId  = 'The Google project ID';
// $datasetId  = 'The BigQuery dataset ID';
// $tableId    = 'us_states';

// instantiate the bigquery table service
$bigQuery = new BigQueryClient([
    'projectId' => $projectId,
]);
$dataset = $bigQuery->dataset($datasetId);
$table = $dataset->table($tableId);

// create the import job
$gcsUri = 'gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/us-states/us-states.csv';
$loadConfig = $table->loadFromStorage($gcsUri)->autodetect(true)->skipLeadingRows(1);
$job = $table->runJob($loadConfig);
// poll the job until it is complete
$backoff = new ExponentialBackoff(10);
$backoff->execute(function () use ($job) {
    print('Waiting for job to complete' . PHP_EOL);
    $job->reload();
    if (!$job->isComplete()) {
        throw new Exception('Job has not yet completed', 500);
    }
});
// check if the job has errors
if (isset($job->info()['status']['errorResult'])) {
    $error = $job->info()['status']['errorResult']['message'];
    printf('Error running job: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error);
} else {
    print('Data imported successfully' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

Antes de testar essa amostra, siga as instruções de configuração para Python no Guia de início rápido do BigQuery: como usar bibliotecas de cliente. Para mais informações, consulte a documentação de referência da API BigQuery em Python. 

from google.cloud import bigquery

# Construct a BigQuery client object.
client = bigquery.Client()

# TODO(developer): Set table_id to the ID of the table to create.
# table_id = "your-project.your_dataset.your_table_name

# Set the encryption key to use for the destination.
# TODO: Replace this key with a key you have created in KMS.
# kms_key_name = "projects/{}/locations/{}/keyRings/{}/cryptoKeys/{}".format(
#     "cloud-samples-tests", "us", "test", "test"
# )
job_config = bigquery.LoadJobConfig(
    autodetect=True,
    skip_leading_rows=1,
    # The source format defaults to CSV, so the line below is optional.
    source_format=bigquery.SourceFormat.CSV,
)
uri = "gs://cloud-samples-data/bigquery/us-states/us-states.csv"
load_job = client.load_table_from_uri(
    uri, table_id, job_config=job_config
)  # Make an API request.
load_job.result()  # Waits for the job to complete.
destination_table = client.get_table(table_id)
print("Loaded {} rows.".format(destination_table.num_rows))

A seguir

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