以下部分介绍了 BigQuery 支持的导航函数。导航函数是分析函数的子集。如需了解分析函数的工作原理，请参阅分析函数概念。如需了解导航函数的工作原理，请参阅导航函数概念。
FIRST_VALUE
FIRST_VALUE (value_expression [{RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS])
说明
返回当前窗口框架中第一行的 value_expression 值。
除非存在 IGNORE NULLS，否则此函数在计算中包含 NULL 值。如果存在 IGNORE NULLS，此函数会从计算中排除 NULL 值。
支持的参数类型
value_expression 可以是表达式支持的任意返回数据类型。
返回数据类型
任意
示例
以下示例计算各部门的最快时间。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', finish_time) AS finish_time,
division,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', fastest_time) AS fastest_time,
TIMESTAMP_DIFF(finish_time, fastest_time, SECOND) AS delta_in_seconds
FROM (
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
FIRST_VALUE(finish_time)
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC
ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS fastest_time
FROM finishers);
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | fastest_time | delta_in_seconds |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | 03:08:58 | 0 |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 0 |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 436 |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 891 |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 956 |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 1109 |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 0 |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 426 |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 691 |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 733 |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
LAST_VALUE
LAST_VALUE (value_expression [{RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS])
说明
返回当前窗口框架中最后一行的 value_expression 值。
除非存在 IGNORE NULLS，否则此函数在计算中包含 NULL 值。如果存在 IGNORE NULLS，此函数会从计算中排除 NULL 值。
支持的参数类型
value_expression 可以是表达式支持的任意返回数据类型。
返回数据类型
任意
示例
以下示例计算各部门的最慢时间。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', finish_time) AS finish_time,
division,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', slowest_time) AS slowest_time,
TIMESTAMP_DIFF(slowest_time, finish_time, SECOND) AS delta_in_seconds
FROM (
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LAST_VALUE(finish_time)
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC
ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS slowest_time
FROM finishers);
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | slowest_time | delta_in_seconds |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | 03:08:58 | 0 |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | 03:10:14 | 1109 |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | 03:10:14 | 673 |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | 03:10:14 | 218 |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | 03:10:14 | 153 |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | 03:10:14 | 0 |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | 03:06:24 | 733 |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | 03:06:24 | 307 |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | 03:06:24 | 42 |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | 03:06:24 | 0 |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
NTH_VALUE
NTH_VALUE (value_expression, constant_integer_expression [{RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS])
说明
返回当前窗口框架中第 N 行的 value_expression 值，其中的 N 由 constant_integer_expression 定义。如果不存在此类行，则返回 NULL。
除非存在 IGNORE NULLS，否则此函数在计算中包含 NULL 值。如果存在 IGNORE NULLS，此函数会从计算中排除 NULL 值。
支持的参数类型
value_expression可以是表达式支持的任意返回数据类型。constant_integer_expression可以是返回整数的任意常量表达式。
返回数据类型
任意
示例
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', finish_time) AS finish_time,
division,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', fastest_time) AS fastest_time,
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP('%X', second_fastest) AS second_fastest
FROM (
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,finishers,
FIRST_VALUE(finish_time)
OVER w1 AS fastest_time,
NTH_VALUE(finish_time, 2)
OVER w1 as second_fastest
FROM finishers
WINDOW w1 AS (
PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC
ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING));
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+----------------+
| name | finish_time | division | fastest_time | second_fastest |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+----------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | 03:08:58 | NULL |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 02:59:01 |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 02:59:01 |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 02:59:01 |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 02:59:01 |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | 02:51:45 | 02:59:01 |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 03:01:17 |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 03:01:17 |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 03:01:17 |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | 02:54:11 | 03:01:17 |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+--------------+----------------+
LEAD
LEAD (value_expression[, offset [, default_expression]])
说明
返回后续行的 value_expression 值。更改 offset 值会改变所返回的后续行；默认值是 1，表示窗口框架中的下一行。如果 offset 是 NULL 或负值，则会发生错误。
如果窗口框架中没有指定偏移量的行，则使用可选的 default_expression。此表达式必须是常量表达式，其类型必须可隐式强制转换为 value_expression 类型。如果未指定，则 default_expression 默认为 NULL。
支持的参数类型
value_expression可以是表达式支持的任意返回数据类型。offset必须是非负整数字面量或参数。default_expression必须兼容值表达式类型。
返回数据类型
任意
示例
以下示例展示了 LEAD 函数的基本用法。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LEAD(name)
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC) AS followed_by
FROM finishers;
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-----------------+
| name | finish_time | division | followed_by |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-----------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | NULL |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | Nikki Leith |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | Jen Edwards |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | Meghan Lederer |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | Lauren Reasoner |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | NULL |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | Lauren Matthews |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | Desiree Berry |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | Suzy Slane |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | NULL |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-----------------+
下一个示例使用可选的 offset 参数。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LEAD(name, 2)
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC) AS two_runners_back
FROM finishers;
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | two_runners_back |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | NULL |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | Jen Edwards |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | Meghan Lederer |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | Lauren Reasoner |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | NULL |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | NULL |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | Desiree Berry |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | Suzy Slane |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | NULL |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | NULL |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
以下示例使用默认值替换 NULL 值。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LEAD(name, 2, 'Nobody')
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC) AS two_runners_back
FROM finishers;
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | two_runners_back |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | Nobody |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | Jen Edwards |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | Meghan Lederer |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | Lauren Reasoner |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | Nobody |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | Nobody |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | Desiree Berry |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | Suzy Slane |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | Nobody |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | Nobody |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
LAG
LAG (value_expression[, offset [, default_expression]])
说明
返回上一行中的 value_expression 值。更改 offset 值会改变所返回的上一行；默认值是 1，表示窗口框架中的上一行。如果 offset 是 NULL 或负值，则会发生错误。
如果窗口框架中没有指定偏移量的行，则使用可选的 default_expression。此表达式必须是常量表达式，其类型必须可隐式强制转换为 value_expression 类型。如果未指定，则 default_expression 默认为 NULL。
支持的参数类型
value_expression可以是表达式支持的任意返回数据类型。offset必须是非负整数字面量或参数。default_expression必须兼容值表达式类型。
返回数据类型
任意
示例
以下示例展示了 LAG 函数的基本用法。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LAG(name)
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC) AS preceding_runner
FROM finishers;
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | preceding_runner |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | NULL |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | NULL |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | Sophia Liu |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | Nikki Leith |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | Jen Edwards |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | Meghan Lederer |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | NULL |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | Lisa Stelzner |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | Lauren Matthews |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | Desiree Berry |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+------------------+
下一个示例使用可选的 offset 参数。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LAG(name, 2)
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC) AS two_runners_ahead
FROM finishers;
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | two_runners_ahead |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | NULL |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | NULL |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | NULL |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | Sophia Liu |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | Nikki Leith |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | Jen Edwards |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | NULL |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | NULL |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | Lisa Stelzner |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | Lauren Matthews |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-------------------+
以下示例使用默认值替换 NULL 值。
WITH finishers AS
(SELECT 'Sophia Liu' as name,
TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:51:45' as finish_time,
'F30-34' as division
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lisa Stelzner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:54:11', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Nikki Leith', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 2:59:01', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Matthews', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:01:17', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Desiree Berry', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:05:42', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Suzy Slane', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:24', 'F35-39'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Jen Edwards', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:06:36', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Meghan Lederer', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:07:41', 'F30-34'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Carly Forte', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:08:58', 'F25-29'
UNION ALL SELECT 'Lauren Reasoner', TIMESTAMP '2016-10-18 3:10:14', 'F30-34')
SELECT name,
finish_time,
division,
LAG(name, 2, 'Nobody')
OVER (PARTITION BY division ORDER BY finish_time ASC) AS two_runners_ahead
FROM finishers;
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-------------------+
| name | finish_time | division | two_runners_ahead |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-------------------+
| Carly Forte | 03:08:58 | F25-29 | Nobody |
| Sophia Liu | 02:51:45 | F30-34 | Nobody |
| Nikki Leith | 02:59:01 | F30-34 | Nobody |
| Jen Edwards | 03:06:36 | F30-34 | Sophia Liu |
| Meghan Lederer | 03:07:41 | F30-34 | Nikki Leith |
| Lauren Reasoner | 03:10:14 | F30-34 | Jen Edwards |
| Lisa Stelzner | 02:54:11 | F35-39 | Nobody |
| Lauren Matthews | 03:01:17 | F35-39 | Nobody |
| Desiree Berry | 03:05:42 | F35-39 | Lisa Stelzner |
| Suzy Slane | 03:06:24 | F35-39 | Lauren Matthews |
+-----------------+-------------+----------+-------------------+
PERCENTILE_CONT
PERCENTILE_CONT (value_expression, percentile [{RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS])
说明
使用线性插值计算 value_expression 的指定百分位值。
如果不存在 RESPECT NULLS，此函数会忽略 NULL 值。如果存在 RESPECT
NULLS：
- 两个
NULL值之间的插值返回NULL。 - 一个
NULL值与一个非NULL值之间的插值返回非NULL值。
支持的参数类型
value_expression是数字表达式。percentile是[0, 1]范围内的一个DOUBLE字面量。
返回数据类型
DOUBLE
示例
以下示例计算一个值列中的某些百分位值，同时忽略 null。
SELECT
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0) OVER() AS min,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0.01) OVER() AS percentile1,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0.5) OVER() AS median,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0.9) OVER() AS percentile90,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 1) OVER() AS max
FROM UNNEST([0, 3, NULL, 1, 2]) AS x LIMIT 1;
+-----+-------------+--------+--------------+-----+
| min | percentile1 | median | percentile90 | max |
+-----+-------------+--------+--------------+-----+
| 0 | 0.03 | 1.5 | 2.7 | 3 |
+-----+-------------+--------+--------------+-----+
以下示例计算一列值中的某些百分位值，同时保留 null。
SELECT
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS min,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0.01 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS percentile1,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0.5 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS median,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 0.9 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS percentile90,
PERCENTILE_CONT(x, 1 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS max
FROM UNNEST([0, 3, NULL, 1, 2]) AS x LIMIT 1;
+------+-------------+--------+--------------+-----+
| min | percentile1 | median | percentile90 | max |
+------+-------------+--------+--------------+-----+
| NULL | 0 | 1 | 2.6 | 3 |
+------+-------------+--------+--------------+-----+
PERCENTILE_DISC
PERCENTILE_DISC (value_expression, percentile [{RESPECT | IGNORE} NULLS])
说明
计算离散 value_expression 的指定百分位值。返回值是 percentile 的第一个经过排序的值，累积分布大于或等于给定 value_expression 值。
除非存在 RESPECT NULLS，否则此函数会忽略 NULL 值。
支持的参数类型
value_expression可以是任意可排序的类型。percentile是[0, 1]范围内的一个DOUBLE字面量。
返回数据类型
ANY
示例
以下示例计算一个值列中的某些百分位值，同时忽略 null。
SELECT
x,
PERCENTILE_DISC(x, 0) OVER() AS min,
PERCENTILE_DISC(x, 0.5) OVER() AS median,
PERCENTILE_DISC(x, 1) OVER() AS max
FROM UNNEST(['c', NULL, 'b', 'a']) AS x;
+------+-----+--------+-----+
| x | min | median | max |
+------+-----+--------+-----+
| c | a | b | c |
| NULL | a | b | c |
| b | a | b | c |
| a | a | b | c |
+------+-----+--------+-----+
以下示例计算一列值中的某些百分位值，同时保留 null。
SELECT
x,
PERCENTILE_DISC(x, 0 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS min,
PERCENTILE_DISC(x, 0.5 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS median,
PERCENTILE_DISC(x, 1 RESPECT NULLS) OVER() AS max
FROM UNNEST(['c', NULL, 'b', 'a']) AS x;
+------+------+--------+-----+
| x | min | median | max |
+------+------+--------+-----+
| c | NULL | a | c |
| NULL | NULL | a | c |
| b | NULL | a | c |
| a | NULL | a | c |
+------+------+--------+-----+