リソースを作成する前に、会社の固有の要件を満たすために、リソースをどのように地理的に分散させるかを検討してください。通常、組織内の管理者とアーキテクトが地域に関する決定を行い、リソースをデプロイするユーザーにその決定を伝えます。たとえば、リソースをデプロイするときに地理情報を自動的に割り当てる Infrastructure as Code(IaC)プロセスを使用することもできます。
このドキュメントでは、地理がワークロードに与える影響の概要について説明します。
リソースを分散して可用性を確保する
次の例に示すように、固有の要件を満たすようにリソースを地理的に分散できます。
レイテンシ: ユーザーの近くのゾーンにリソースがあることを確認します。
可用性: リージョン障害が発生した場合に備えて、複数のリージョンに冗長リソースを作成します。
リージョンとゾーン
リソースを作成するときに、次の地域カテゴリを選択できます。
リージョンは、ゾーンを含む地理的に独立したエリアです。例: asia-east1(台湾)
ゾーンは、リージョン内で相互に分離されたエリアです。たとえば、asia-east1(台湾)リージョンのゾーン a は asia-east1-a という名前になります。
[[["わかりやすい","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["問題の解決に役立った","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["その他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["わかりにくい","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["情報またはサンプルコードが不正確","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["必要な情報 / サンプルがない","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻訳に関する問題","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["その他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最終更新日 2025-09-04 UTC。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eGeographic distribution of resources is crucial for meeting unique company requirements, ensuring low latency, and maintaining high availability.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eResources are categorized into regions and zones, where regions are independent geographic areas containing multiple zones, which are isolated areas within a region.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eResource interactions are influenced by whether they are global, regional, multiregional, or zonal, each having distinct access capabilities based on their location.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFault-tolerant applications should be deployed across multiple zones within a region to protect against unexpected failures and enhance high availability.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eConsiderations regarding how resources communicate across regions and zones are important while determining the resource distribution strategy.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Consider geographic distribution\n\nBefore you create resources, consider how you plan to distribute resources\ngeographically to meet your company's unique requirements. Administrators and\narchitects in your organization usually make decisions about geography, and make\ntheir decisions available to people who deploy resources. For example, your\ncompany might have an [Infrastructure as Code (IaC)](/docs/terraform/iac-overview)\nprocess that automatically assigns geographies as you deploy resources.\n\nThis document provides an overview on how geography impacts your workloads.\n\nDistribute resources to help ensure availability\n------------------------------------------------\n\nYou can geographically distribute resources to meet your unique requirements, as\nin the following examples:\n\n- Latency: Ensure you have resources in zones near your users.\n- Availability: Create redundant resources in multiple regions in case of a region failure.\n\nRegions and zones\n-----------------\n\nWhen you create resources, you might select the following geographic categories:\n\n- *Regions* are independent geographic areas that contain zones. For example,\n `asia-east1` (Taiwan).\n\n- *Zones* are areas that are isolated from each other within a region. For\n example, zone `a` in the `asia-east1` (Taiwan) region is named `asia-east1-a`.\n\nConsider a zone as a single failure domain within a region. To deploy\nfault-tolerant applications with high availability and help protect against\nunexpected failures, you might deploy your applications across multiple zones in\na region. For more information, see\n[Geography and regions](/docs/geography-and-regions).\n\nEach resource has its own location dynamics. For example, see the following\ndetails about Compute Engine and Cloud Storage:\n\n- [Compute Engine regions and zones](/compute/docs/regions-zones)\n- [Cloud Storage bucket locations](/storage/docs/bucket-locations)\n\n### Select geographies based on resource interactions\n\nAs you create your resource distribution plan, consider resource communication\nacross zones and regions. Resource interaction capabilities are determined by\nthe following resource types:\n\n- *Global resources* can be accessed by any other resource, across regions and\n zones. Examples include disk images, disk snapshots, and networks.\n\n- *Regional resources* are redundantly deployed across multiple\n zones within a region. Regional resources can be accessed only by resources that\n are located in the same region. Examples include App Engine\n applications and [regional managed instance groups](/compute/docs/instance-groups#types_of_managed_instance_groups).\n\n- *Multiregional* services are redundantly distributed within and across\n regions. These services optimize availability, performance, and resource\n efficiency. For a list of services that have one or more multiregional\n locations, see [Products available by location](/about/locations#multi-region).\n\n- *Zonal resources* can be accessed only by resources that are located in the\n same zone. An example of a zonal resource is a Compute Engine virtual\n machine (VM) instance.\n\nFor example, consider the following resources:\n\n- Globally: a network that can be accessed by all resources.\n- In each region: IP addresses that provide external access to resources only within a single region.\n- In each zone: disks that can connect to VMs that are in the same zone."]]