使用架构创建表

使用架构创建表。

深入探索

如需查看包含此代码示例的详细文档，请参阅以下内容：

代码示例

C#

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 C# 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery C# API 参考文档。


using Google.Cloud.BigQuery.V2;
using System;

public class BigQueryCreateTable
{
    public BigQueryTable CreateTable(
        string projectId = "your-project-id",
        string datasetId = "your_dataset_id"
    )
    {
        BigQueryClient client = BigQueryClient.Create(projectId);
        var dataset = client.GetDataset(datasetId);
        // Create schema for new table.
        var schema = new TableSchemaBuilder
        {
            { "full_name", BigQueryDbType.String },
            { "age", BigQueryDbType.Int64 }
        }.Build();
        // Create the table
        return dataset.CreateTable(tableId: "your_table_id", schema: schema);
    }
}

Go

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Go 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Go API 参考文档。

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import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/bigquery"
)

// createTableExplicitSchema demonstrates creating a new BigQuery table and specifying a schema.
func createTableExplicitSchema(projectID, datasetID, tableID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// datasetID := "mydatasetid"
	// tableID := "mytableid"
	ctx := context.Background()

	client, err := bigquery.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("bigquery.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	sampleSchema := bigquery.Schema{
		{Name: "full_name", Type: bigquery.StringFieldType},
		{Name: "age", Type: bigquery.IntegerFieldType},
	}

	metaData := &bigquery.TableMetadata{
		Schema:         sampleSchema,
		ExpirationTime: time.Now().AddDate(1, 0, 0), // Table will be automatically deleted in 1 year.
	}
	tableRef := client.Dataset(datasetID).Table(tableID)
	if err := tableRef.Create(ctx, metaData); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

Java

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Java 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Java API 参考文档。

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import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQuery;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryException;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Field;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Schema;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.StandardSQLTypeName;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.StandardTableDefinition;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableDefinition;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableId;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableInfo;

public class CreateTable {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String datasetName = "MY_DATASET_NAME";
    String tableName = "MY_TABLE_NAME";
    Schema schema =
        Schema.of(
            Field.of("stringField", StandardSQLTypeName.STRING),
            Field.of("booleanField", StandardSQLTypeName.BOOL));
    createTable(datasetName, tableName, schema);
  }

  public static void createTable(String datasetName, String tableName, Schema schema) {
    try {
      // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
      // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
      BigQuery bigquery = BigQueryOptions.getDefaultInstance().getService();

      TableId tableId = TableId.of(datasetName, tableName);
      TableDefinition tableDefinition = StandardTableDefinition.of(schema);
      TableInfo tableInfo = TableInfo.newBuilder(tableId, tableDefinition).build();

      bigquery.create(tableInfo);
      System.out.println("Table created successfully");
    } catch (BigQueryException e) {
      System.out.println("Table was not created. \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Node.js 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Node.js API 参考文档。

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// Import the Google Cloud client library and create a client
const {BigQuery} = require('@google-cloud/bigquery');
const bigquery = new BigQuery();

async function createTable() {
  // Creates a new table named "my_table" in "my_dataset".

  /**
   * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
   */
  // const datasetId = "my_dataset";
  // const tableId = "my_table";
  // const schema = 'Name:string, Age:integer, Weight:float, IsMagic:boolean';

  // For all options, see https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/v2/tables#resource
  const options = {
    schema: schema,
    location: 'US',
  };

  // Create a new table in the dataset
  const [table] = await bigquery
    .dataset(datasetId)
    .createTable(tableId, options);

  console.log(`Table ${table.id} created.`);
}

PHP

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 PHP 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery PHP API 参考文档。

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use Google\Cloud\BigQuery\BigQueryClient;

/**
 * Creates a table with the given ID and Schema
 *
 * @param string $projectId The project Id of your Google Cloud Project.
 * @param string $datasetId The BigQuery dataset ID.
 * @param string $tableId The BigQuery table ID.
 * @param string $fields Json Encoded string of schema of the table. For eg,
 *    $fields = json_encode([
 *     [
 *         'name' => 'field1',
 *         'type' => 'string',
 *         'mode' => 'required'
 *     ],
 *     [
 *         'name' => 'field2',
 *         'type' => 'integer'
 *     ],
 *    ]);
 */

function create_table(
    string $projectId,
    string $datasetId,
    string $tableId,
    string $fields
): void {
    $bigQuery = new BigQueryClient([
      'projectId' => $projectId,
    ]);
    $dataset = $bigQuery->dataset($datasetId);
    $fields = json_decode($fields);
    $schema = ['fields' => $fields];
    $table = $dataset->createTable($tableId, ['schema' => $schema]);
    printf('Created table %s' . PHP_EOL, $tableId);
}

Python

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Python 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Python API 参考文档。

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from google.cloud import bigquery

# Construct a BigQuery client object.
client = bigquery.Client()

# TODO(developer): Set table_id to the ID of the table to create.
# table_id = "your-project.your_dataset.your_table_name"

schema = [
    bigquery.SchemaField("full_name", "STRING", mode="REQUIRED"),
    bigquery.SchemaField("age", "INTEGER", mode="REQUIRED"),
]

table = bigquery.Table(table_id, schema=schema)
table = client.create_table(table)  # Make an API request.
print(
    "Created table {}.{}.{}".format(table.project, table.dataset_id, table.table_id)
)

Ruby

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Ruby 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Ruby API 参考文档。

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require "google/cloud/bigquery"

def create_table dataset_id = "my_dataset"
  bigquery = Google::Cloud::Bigquery.new
  dataset  = bigquery.dataset dataset_id
  table_id = "my_table"

  table = dataset.create_table table_id do |updater|
    updater.string  "full_name", mode: :required
    updater.integer "age",       mode: :required
  end

  puts "Created table: #{table_id}"
end

后续步骤

如需搜索和过滤其他 Google Cloud 产品的代码示例，请参阅 Google Cloud 示例浏览器。