Use custom organization policies

Google Cloud Organization Policy gives you centralized, programmatic control over your organization's resources. As the organization policy administrator, you can define an organization policy, which is a set of restrictions called constraints that apply to Google Cloud resources and descendants of those resources in the Google Cloud resource hierarchy. You can enforce organization policies at the organization, folder, or project level.

Organization Policy provides predefined constraints for various Google Cloud services. However, if you want more granular, customizable control over the specific fields that are restricted in your organization policies, you can also create custom organization policies.

By implementing a custom organization policy you enforce consistent configurations and restrictions. This ensures that your AlloyDB for PostgreSQL instances adhere to security best practices and regulatory requirements.

If you attempt to create or update an instance while the custom constraint is enforced, then the operation fails. Any project added to the organization or folder that uses a custom organization policy inherits the constraints of that policy.

Policy inheritance

By default, organization policies are inherited by the descendants of the resources on which you enforce the policy. For example, if you enforce a policy on a folder, Google Cloud enforces the policy on all projects in the folder. To learn more about this behavior and how to change it, refer to Hierarchy evaluation rules.

Pricing

The Organization Policy Service, including predefined and custom organization policies, is offered at no charge.

Limitations

Like all organization policy constraints, policy changes don't apply retroactively to existing instances.

• A new policy doesn't impact existing instance configurations.
• An existing instance configuration remains valid, unless you change the instance configuration from a compliance to non-compliance state using the Google Cloud console, Google Cloud CLI, or RPC.
• A scheduled maintenance update doesn't cause a policy enforcement, because maintenance doesn't change the configuration of instances.
• Custom organization policy supports the following AlloyDB for PostgreSQL instance fields only:
  • networkConfig.enablePublicIp
  • networkConfig.enableOutboundPublicIp

Before you begin

1. Set up your project.
   1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

   2. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

      Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

      Go to project selector

   3. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

   4. Enable the AlloyDB API.

      Enable the API

   5. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

   6. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

      gcloud init

   7. In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

      Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

      Go to project selector

   8. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

   9. Enable the AlloyDB API.

      Enable the API

   10. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

   11. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

       gcloud init

   12. Ensure that you know your organization ID.

Required roles

To get the permissions that you need to manage organization policies, ask your administrator to grant you the following IAM roles:

• Organization policy administrator (roles/orgpolicy.policyAdmin) on the organization resource
• To create or update an AlloyDB cluster: AlloyDB Admin (roles/alloydb.admin) on the project resource

For more information about granting roles, see Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations.

You might also be able to get the required permissions through custom roles or other predefined roles.

Create a custom constraint

A custom constraint is defined in a YAML file by the resources, methods, conditions, and actions that are supported by the service on which you are enforcing the organization policy. Conditions for your custom constraints are defined using Common Expression Language (CEL). For more information about how to build conditions in custom constraints using CEL, see the CEL section of Creating and managing custom constraints.

Organization policies are defined by the values set for each constraint. An organization policy administrator can create custom constraints to restrict public IP configurations of AlloyDB at the project, folder, or organization level.

You can create a custom constraint—for example, customConstraints/custom.restrictPublicIP, to limit public IP access on AlloyDB instances. This boolean constraint restricts configuring public IP on AlloyDB instances where this constraint is set. This constraint isn't retroactive. AlloyDB instances with existing public IP access still work even after this constraint is enforced.

By default, public IP access to AlloyDB instances is allowed.

Create a YAML file for a custom constraint as follows:

name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/customConstraints/CONSTRAINT_NAME
resourceTypes:
- alloydb.googleapis.com/RESOURCE_NAME
methodTypes:
- CREATE
- UPDATE
condition: "CONDITION"
actionType: ACTION
displayName: DISPLAY_NAME
description: DESCRIPTION

Replace the following:

• ORGANIZATION_ID: your organization ID, such as 123456789.

• CONSTRAINT_NAME: the name you want for your new custom constraint. A custom constraint must start with custom., and can only include uppercase letters, lowercase letters, or numbers, for example, custom.restrictPublicIP. The maximum length of this field is 70 characters, not counting the prefix, for example, organizations/123456789/customConstraints/custom.

• RESOURCE_NAME: the name (not the URI) of the AlloyDB REST resource containing the object and field you want to restrict. For example, Instance.

• CONDITION: a CEL condition that is written against a representation of a supported service resource. This field has a maximum length of 1000 characters. See Supported resources for more information about the resources available to write conditions against. For example, "resource.networkConfig.enablePublicIp == true".

• ACTION: the action to take if the condition is met. This can be either ALLOW or DENY.

• DISPLAY_NAME: a human-friendly name for the constraint. This field has a maximum length of 200 characters.

• DESCRIPTION: a human-friendly description of the constraint to display as an error message when the policy is violated. This field has a maximum length of 2000 characters.

For more information about how to create a custom constraint, see Defining custom constraints.

Set up a custom constraint

After you have created the YAML file for a new custom constraint, you must set it up to make it available for organization policies in your organization. To set up a custom constraint, use the gcloud org-policies set-custom-constraint command:

gcloud org-policies set-custom-constraint CONSTRAINT_PATH

Replace CONSTRAINT_PATH with the full path to your custom constraint file. For example, /home/user/customconstraint.yaml. Once completed, your custom constraints are available as organization policies in your list of Google Cloud organization policies. To verify that the custom constraint exists, use the gcloud org-policies list-custom-constraints command:

gcloud org-policies list-custom-constraints --organization=ORGANIZATION_ID

Replace ORGANIZATION_ID with the ID of your organization resource. For more information, see Viewing organization policies.

Enforce a custom organization policy

You can enforce a boolean constraint by creating an organization policy that references it, and then applying that organization policy to a Google Cloud resource.

Console

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Organization policies page.

   Go to Organization policies

2. From the project picker, select the project for which you want to set the organization policy.
3. From the list on the Organization policies page, select your constraint to view the Policy details page for that constraint.
4. To configure the organization policy for this resource, click Manage policy.
5. On the Edit policy page, select Override parent's policy.
6. Click Add a rule.
7. In the Enforcement section, select whether enforcement of this organization policy is on or off.
8. Optional: To make the organization policy conditional on a tag, click Add condition. Note that if you add a conditional rule to an organization policy, you must add at least one unconditional rule or the policy cannot be saved. For more information, see Setting an organization policy with tags.
9. If this is a custom constraint, you can click Test changes to simulate the effect of this organization policy. For more information, see Test organization policy changes with Policy Simulator.
10. To finish and apply the organization policy, click Set policy. The policy requires up to 15 minutes to take effect.

gcloud

To create an organization policy that enforces a boolean constraint, create a policy YAML file that references the constraint:

      name: projects/PROJECT_ID/policies/CONSTRAINT_NAME
      spec:
        rules:
        - enforce: true
    

Replace the following:

• PROJECT_ID: the project on which you want to enforce your constraint.
• CONSTRAINT_NAME: the name you defined for your custom constraint. For example, custom.restrictPublicIP.

To enforce the organization policy containing the constraint, run the following command:

    gcloud org-policies set-policy POLICY_PATH
    

Replace POLICY_PATH with the full path to your organization policy YAML file. The policy requires up to 15 minutes to take effect.

Example custom constraints

The following table provides an example custom constraint that restricts public IP access:

Description	Constraint syntax
Restrict public IP access using organization policies	name: organizations/ORGANIZATION_ID/customConstraints/custom.restrictPublicIP resourceTypes: - alloydb.googleapis.com/Instance methodTypes: - CREATE - UPDATE condition: "resource.networkConfig.enablePublicIp == true" actionType: DENY displayName: Restrict public IP access on AlloyDB instances description: Prevent users from enabling public IP on instance creation and update.

AlloyDB supported operations

AlloyDB enforces the organization policy during the following operations:

• Instance creation
• Instance update

What's next

• See Introduction to the Organization Policy Service to learn more about organization policies.
• Learn more about how to create and manage organization policies.
• See the full list of predefined Organization policy constraints.
• Connect using a public IP.
• Create a primary instance.