Verschiedene Sprecher in einer Audioaufzeichnung erkennen

Auf dieser Seite wird beschrieben, wie Labels für verschiedene Sprecher in Audiodaten ermittelt werden, die von Speech-to-Text transkribiert werden.

Manchmal enthalten Audiodaten Aufzeichnungen von mehr als einer sprechenden Person. Audiodaten von einem Telefonanruf etwa enthalten normalerweise die Stimmen von zwei oder mehr Personen. Eine Transkription des Anrufs umfasst idealerweise Informationen dazu, wer wann spricht.

Sprecherbestimmung

Speech-to-Text kann mehrere Sprecher im selben Audioclip erkennen. In Ihre Audiotranskriptionsanfrage an Speech-to-Text können Sie einen Parameter aufnehmen, der Speech-to-Text anweist, die verschiedenen Sprecher im Audiobeispiel zu identifizieren. Diese Funktion (auch als Sprecherbestimmung bezeichnet) ermittelt, wann die Sprecher wechseln, und gibt den einzelnen Stimmen, die in der Audioaufnahme erkannt werden, ein Nummernlabel.

Wenn Sie die Sprecherbestimmung in der Transkriptionsanfrage aktivieren, versucht Speech-to-Text, zwischen verschiedenen Stimmen im Audiobeispiel zu unterscheiden. Im Transkriptionsergebnis wird jedes Wort mit einer Zahl gekennzeichnet, die einem Sprecher zugewiesen ist. Vom selben Sprecher gesprochene Worte erhalten dieselbe Nummer. Ein Transkriptionsergebnis kann die Nummern von so vielen Sprechern enthalten, wie Speech-to-Text eindeutig im Audiobeispiel identifizieren kann.

Mit der Sprecherbestimmung erzeugt Speech-to-Text eine fortlaufende Zusammenfassung aller Ergebnisse in der Transkription. Jedes Ergebnis enthält auch die Worte aus dem vorhergehenden Ergebnis. Entsprechend umfasst das Array words im Endergebnis die vollständig bestimmten Ergebnisse der Transkription.

Auf der Seite Sprachunterstützung können Sie sehen, ob dieses Feature für Ihre Sprache verfügbar ist.

Sprecherbestimmung in einer Anfrage aktivieren

Zum Aktivieren der Sprecherbestimmung müssen Sie das Feld enableSpeakerDiarization in den SpeakerDiarizationConfig-Parametern der Anfrage auf true setzen. Zur Verbesserung der Transkriptionsergebnisse sollten Sie auch die Anzahl der im Audioclip vorhandenen Sprecher angeben. Diese können Sie in den SpeakerDiarizationConfig-Parametern in das Feld diarizationSpeakerCount eintragen. Cloud Speech-to-Text verwendet einen Standardwert, wenn Sie keinen Wert für diarizationSpeakerCount angeben.

Speech-to-Text unterstützt die Sprecherbestimmung für alle Spracherkennungsmethoden: speech:recognize speech:longrunningrecognize, und Streaming.

Lokale Datei verwenden

Im folgenden Code-Snippet wird gezeigt, wie die Sprecherbestimmung in einer Transkriptionsanfrage an Speech-to-Text mithilfe einer lokalen Datei aktiviert wird.

Protokoll

Ausführliche Informationen finden Sie unter dem API-Endpunkt speech:recognize.

Für eine synchrone Spracherkennung senden Sie eine POST-Anfrage und geben den entsprechenden Anfragetext an. Das folgende Beispiel zeigt eine POST-Anfrage mit curl. In diesem Beispiel wird die Google Cloud CLI verwendet, um ein Zugriffstoken zu generieren. Eine Anleitung zur Installation der gcloud CLI finden Sie in der Kurzanleitung.

curl -s -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)" \
    https://speech.googleapis.com/v1p1beta1/speech:recognize \
    --data '{
    "config": {
        "encoding": "LINEAR16",
        "languageCode": "en-US",
        "diarizationConfig": {
          "enableSpeakerDiarization": true,
          "minSpeakerCount": 2,
          "maxSpeakerCount": 2
        },                    
        "model": "phone_call",
    }, 
    "audio": {
        "uri": "gs://cloud-samples-tests/speech/commercial_mono.wav"
    }
}' > speaker-diarization.txt

Wenn die Anfrage erfolgreich ist, gibt der Server den HTTP-Statuscode 200 OK und die Antwort im JSON-Format zurück. Diese Informationen sind in einer Datei namens speaker-diarization.txt gespeichert.

{
  "results": [
    {
      "alternatives": [
        {
          "transcript": "hi I'd like to buy a Chromecast and I was wondering whether you could help me with that certainly which color would you like we have blue black and red uh let's go with the black one would you like the new Chromecast Ultra model or the regular Chrome Cast regular Chromecast is fine thank you okay sure we like to ship it regular or Express Express please terrific it's on the way thank you thank you very much bye",
          "confidence": 0.92142606,
          "words": [
            {
              "startTime": "0s",
              "endTime": "1.100s",
              "word": "hi",
              "speakerTag": 2
            },
            {
              "startTime": "1.100s",
              "endTime": "2s",
              "word": "I'd",
              "speakerTag": 2
            },
            {
              "startTime": "2s",
              "endTime": "2s",
              "word": "like",
              "speakerTag": 2
            },
            {
              "startTime": "2s",
              "endTime": "2.100s",
              "word": "to",
              "speakerTag": 2
            },
            ...
            {
              "startTime": "6.500s",
              "endTime": "6.900s",
              "word": "certainly",
              "speakerTag": 1
            },
            {
              "startTime": "6.900s",
              "endTime": "7.300s",
              "word": "which",
              "speakerTag": 1
            },
            {
              "startTime": "7.300s",
              "endTime": "7.500s",
              "word": "color",
              "speakerTag": 1
            },
            ...
          ]
        }
      ],
      "languageCode": "en-us"
    }
  ]
}

Go

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für Speech-to-Text finden Sie unter Speech-to-Text-Clientbibliotheken Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Speech-to-Text Go API.

Richten Sie zur Authentifizierung bei Speech-to-Text Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen ein. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Authentifizierung für eine lokale Entwicklungsumgebung einrichten.


import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"os"
	"strings"

	speech "cloud.google.com/go/speech/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/speech/apiv1/speechpb"
)

// transcribe_diarization_gcs_beta Transcribes a remote audio file using speaker diarization.
func transcribe_diarization(w io.Writer) error {

	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := speech.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	diarizationConfig := &speechpb.SpeakerDiarizationConfig{
		EnableSpeakerDiarization: true,
		MinSpeakerCount:          2,
		MaxSpeakerCount:          2,
	}

	recognitionConfig := &speechpb.RecognitionConfig{
		Encoding:          speechpb.RecognitionConfig_LINEAR16,
		SampleRateHertz:   8000,
		LanguageCode:      "en-US",
		DiarizationConfig: diarizationConfig,
	}

	// Get the contents of the local audio file
	content, err := os.ReadFile("../resources/commercial_mono.wav")
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("error reading file %w", err)
	}
	audio := &speechpb.RecognitionAudio{
		AudioSource: &speechpb.RecognitionAudio_Content{Content: content},
	}

	longRunningRecognizeRequest := &speechpb.LongRunningRecognizeRequest{
		Config: recognitionConfig,
		Audio:  audio,
	}

	operation, err := client.LongRunningRecognize(ctx, longRunningRecognizeRequest)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("error running recognize %w", err)
	}

	response, err := operation.Wait(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Speaker Tags are only included in the last result object, which has only one
	// alternative.
	alternative := response.Results[len(response.Results)-1].Alternatives[0]

	wordInfo := alternative.GetWords()[0]
	currentSpeakerTag := wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag()

	var speakerWords strings.Builder

	speakerWords.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("Speaker %d: %s", wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.GetWord()))

	// For each word, get all the words associated with one speaker, once the speaker changes,
	// add a new line with the new speaker and their spoken words.
	for i := 1; i < len(alternative.Words); i++ {
		wordInfo := alternative.Words[i]
		if currentSpeakerTag == wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag() {
			speakerWords.WriteString(" ")
			speakerWords.WriteString(wordInfo.GetWord())
		} else {
			speakerWords.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("\nSpeaker %d: %s",
				wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.GetWord()))
			currentSpeakerTag = wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag()
		}
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, speakerWords.String())
	return nil
}

Java

Informationen zum Installieren und Verwenden der Clientbibliothek für Speech-to-Text finden Sie unter Speech-to-Text-Clientbibliotheken. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Speech-to-Text Java API.

/**
 * Transcribe the given audio file using speaker diarization.
 *
 * @param fileName the path to an audio file.
 */
public static void transcribeDiarization(String fileName) throws Exception {
  Path path = Paths.get(fileName);
  byte[] content = Files.readAllBytes(path);

  try (SpeechClient speechClient = SpeechClient.create()) {
    // Get the contents of the local audio file
    RecognitionAudio recognitionAudio =
        RecognitionAudio.newBuilder().setContent(ByteString.copyFrom(content)).build();

    SpeakerDiarizationConfig speakerDiarizationConfig =
        SpeakerDiarizationConfig.newBuilder()
            .setEnableSpeakerDiarization(true)
            .setMinSpeakerCount(2)
            .setMaxSpeakerCount(2)
            .build();

    // Configure request to enable Speaker diarization
    RecognitionConfig config =
        RecognitionConfig.newBuilder()
            .setEncoding(AudioEncoding.LINEAR16)
            .setLanguageCode("en-US")
            .setSampleRateHertz(8000)
            .setDiarizationConfig(speakerDiarizationConfig)
            .build();

    // Perform the transcription request
    RecognizeResponse recognizeResponse = speechClient.recognize(config, recognitionAudio);

    // Speaker Tags are only included in the last result object, which has only one alternative.
    SpeechRecognitionAlternative alternative =
        recognizeResponse.getResults(recognizeResponse.getResultsCount() - 1).getAlternatives(0);

    // The alternative is made up of WordInfo objects that contain the speaker_tag.
    WordInfo wordInfo = alternative.getWords(0);
    int currentSpeakerTag = wordInfo.getSpeakerTag();

    // For each word, get all the words associated with one speaker, once the speaker changes,
    // add a new line with the new speaker and their spoken words.
    StringBuilder speakerWords =
        new StringBuilder(
            String.format("Speaker %d: %s", wordInfo.getSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.getWord()));

    for (int i = 1; i < alternative.getWordsCount(); i++) {
      wordInfo = alternative.getWords(i);
      if (currentSpeakerTag == wordInfo.getSpeakerTag()) {
        speakerWords.append(" ");
        speakerWords.append(wordInfo.getWord());
      } else {
        speakerWords.append(
            String.format("\nSpeaker %d: %s", wordInfo.getSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.getWord()));
        currentSpeakerTag = wordInfo.getSpeakerTag();
      }
    }

    System.out.println(speakerWords.toString());
  }
}

Node.js

const fs = require('fs');

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const speech = require('@google-cloud/speech').v1p1beta1;

// Creates a client
const client = new speech.SpeechClient();

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// const fileName = 'Local path to audio file, e.g. /path/to/audio.raw';

const config = {
  encoding: 'LINEAR16',
  sampleRateHertz: 8000,
  languageCode: 'en-US',
  enableSpeakerDiarization: true,
  minSpeakerCount: 2,
  maxSpeakerCount: 2,
  model: 'phone_call',
};

const audio = {
  content: fs.readFileSync(fileName).toString('base64'),
};

const request = {
  config: config,
  audio: audio,
};

const [response] = await client.recognize(request);
const transcription = response.results
  .map(result => result.alternatives[0].transcript)
  .join('\n');
console.log(`Transcription: ${transcription}`);
console.log('Speaker Diarization:');
const result = response.results[response.results.length - 1];
const wordsInfo = result.alternatives[0].words;
// Note: The transcript within each result is separate and sequential per result.
// However, the words list within an alternative includes all the words
// from all the results thus far. Thus, to get all the words with speaker
// tags, you only have to take the words list from the last result:
wordsInfo.forEach(a =>
  console.log(` word: ${a.word}, speakerTag: ${a.speakerTag}`)
);

Python

from google.cloud import speech_v1p1beta1 as speech

client = speech.SpeechClient()

speech_file = "resources/commercial_mono.wav"

with open(speech_file, "rb") as audio_file:
    content = audio_file.read()

audio = speech.RecognitionAudio(content=content)

diarization_config = speech.SpeakerDiarizationConfig(
    enable_speaker_diarization=True,
    min_speaker_count=2,
    max_speaker_count=10,
)

config = speech.RecognitionConfig(
    encoding=speech.RecognitionConfig.AudioEncoding.LINEAR16,
    sample_rate_hertz=8000,
    language_code="en-US",
    diarization_config=diarization_config,
)

print("Waiting for operation to complete...")
response = client.recognize(config=config, audio=audio)

# The transcript within each result is separate and sequential per result.
# However, the words list within an alternative includes all the words
# from all the results thus far. Thus, to get all the words with speaker
# tags, you only have to take the words list from the last result:
result = response.results[-1]

words_info = result.alternatives[0].words

# Printing out the output:
for word_info in words_info:
    print(f"word: '{word_info.word}', speaker_tag: {word_info.speaker_tag}")

return result

Cloud Storage-Bucket verwenden

Im folgenden Code-Snippet wird gezeigt, wie die Sprecherbestimmung in einer Transkriptionsanfrage an Speech-to-Text mithilfe einer Google Cloud Storage-Datei aktiviert wird.

Go


import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"strings"

	speech "cloud.google.com/go/speech/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/speech/apiv1/speechpb"
)

// transcribe_diarization_gcs_beta Transcribes a remote audio file using speaker diarization.
func transcribe_diarization_gcs_beta(w io.Writer) error {
	// Google Cloud Storage URI pointing to the audio content.

	ctx := context.Background()

	client, err := speech.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	diarizationConfig := &speechpb.SpeakerDiarizationConfig{
		EnableSpeakerDiarization: true,
		MinSpeakerCount:          2,
		MaxSpeakerCount:          2,
	}

	recognitionConfig := &speechpb.RecognitionConfig{
		Encoding:          speechpb.RecognitionConfig_LINEAR16,
		SampleRateHertz:   8000,
		LanguageCode:      "en-US",
		DiarizationConfig: diarizationConfig,
	}

	// Set the remote path for the audio file
	audio := &speechpb.RecognitionAudio{
		AudioSource: &speechpb.RecognitionAudio_Uri{Uri: "gs://cloud-samples-tests/speech/commercial_mono.wav"},
	}

	longRunningRecognizeRequest := &speechpb.LongRunningRecognizeRequest{
		Config: recognitionConfig,
		Audio:  audio,
	}

	operation, err := client.LongRunningRecognize(ctx, longRunningRecognizeRequest)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("error running recognize %w", err)
	}

	response, err := operation.Wait(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Speaker Tags are only included in the last result object, which has only one
	// alternative.
	alternative := response.Results[len(response.Results)-1].Alternatives[0]

	wordInfo := alternative.GetWords()[0]
	currentSpeakerTag := wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag()

	var speakerWords strings.Builder

	speakerWords.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("Speaker %d: %s", wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.GetWord()))

	// For each word, get all the words associated with one speaker, once the speaker changes,
	// add a new line with the new speaker and their spoken words.
	for i := 1; i < len(alternative.Words); i++ {
		wordInfo := alternative.Words[i]
		if currentSpeakerTag == wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag() {
			speakerWords.WriteString(" ")
			speakerWords.WriteString(wordInfo.GetWord())
		} else {
			speakerWords.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("\nSpeaker %d: %s",
				wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.GetWord()))
			currentSpeakerTag = wordInfo.GetSpeakerTag()
		}
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, speakerWords.String())
	return nil
}

Java

/**
 * Transcribe a remote audio file using speaker diarization.
 *
 * @param gcsUri the path to an audio file.
 */
public static void transcribeDiarizationGcs(String gcsUri) throws Exception {
  try (SpeechClient speechClient = SpeechClient.create()) {
    SpeakerDiarizationConfig speakerDiarizationConfig =
        SpeakerDiarizationConfig.newBuilder()
            .setEnableSpeakerDiarization(true)
            .setMinSpeakerCount(2)
            .setMaxSpeakerCount(2)
            .build();

    // Configure request to enable Speaker diarization
    RecognitionConfig config =
        RecognitionConfig.newBuilder()
            .setEncoding(AudioEncoding.LINEAR16)
            .setLanguageCode("en-US")
            .setSampleRateHertz(8000)
            .setDiarizationConfig(speakerDiarizationConfig)
            .build();

    // Set the remote path for the audio file
    RecognitionAudio audio = RecognitionAudio.newBuilder().setUri(gcsUri).build();

    // Use non-blocking call for getting file transcription
    OperationFuture<LongRunningRecognizeResponse, LongRunningRecognizeMetadata> response =
        speechClient.longRunningRecognizeAsync(config, audio);

    while (!response.isDone()) {
      System.out.println("Waiting for response...");
      Thread.sleep(10000);
    }

    // Speaker Tags are only included in the last result object, which has only one alternative.
    LongRunningRecognizeResponse longRunningRecognizeResponse = response.get();
    SpeechRecognitionAlternative alternative =
        longRunningRecognizeResponse
            .getResults(longRunningRecognizeResponse.getResultsCount() - 1)
            .getAlternatives(0);

    // The alternative is made up of WordInfo objects that contain the speaker_tag.
    WordInfo wordInfo = alternative.getWords(0);
    int currentSpeakerTag = wordInfo.getSpeakerTag();

    // For each word, get all the words associated with one speaker, once the speaker changes,
    // add a new line with the new speaker and their spoken words.
    StringBuilder speakerWords =
        new StringBuilder(
            String.format("Speaker %d: %s", wordInfo.getSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.getWord()));

    for (int i = 1; i < alternative.getWordsCount(); i++) {
      wordInfo = alternative.getWords(i);
      if (currentSpeakerTag == wordInfo.getSpeakerTag()) {
        speakerWords.append(" ");
        speakerWords.append(wordInfo.getWord());
      } else {
        speakerWords.append(
            String.format("\nSpeaker %d: %s", wordInfo.getSpeakerTag(), wordInfo.getWord()));
        currentSpeakerTag = wordInfo.getSpeakerTag();
      }
    }

    System.out.println(speakerWords.toString());
  }
}

Node.js

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const speech = require('@google-cloud/speech').v1p1beta1;

// Creates a client
const client = new speech.SpeechClient();

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following line before running the sample.
 */
// const uri = path to GCS audio file e.g. `gs:/bucket/audio.wav`;

const config = {
  encoding: 'LINEAR16',
  sampleRateHertz: 8000,
  languageCode: 'en-US',
  enableSpeakerDiarization: true,
  minSpeakerCount: 2,
  maxSpeakerCount: 2,
  model: 'phone_call',
};

const audio = {
  uri: gcsUri,
};

const request = {
  config: config,
  audio: audio,
};

const [response] = await client.recognize(request);
const transcription = response.results
  .map(result => result.alternatives[0].transcript)
  .join('\n');
console.log(`Transcription: ${transcription}`);
console.log('Speaker Diarization:');
const result = response.results[response.results.length - 1];
const wordsInfo = result.alternatives[0].words;
// Note: The transcript within each result is separate and sequential per result.
// However, the words list within an alternative includes all the words
// from all the results thus far. Thus, to get all the words with speaker
// tags, you only have to take the words list from the last result:
wordsInfo.forEach(a =>
  console.log(` word: ${a.word}, speakerTag: ${a.speakerTag}`)
);

Python


from google.cloud import speech


def transcribe_diarization_gcs_beta(audio_uri: str) -> bool:
    """Transcribe a remote audio file (stored in Google Cloud Storage) using speaker diarization.
    Args:
        audio_uri (str): The Google Cloud Storage path to an audio file.
            E.g., gs://[BUCKET]/[FILE]
    Returns:
        True if the operation successfully completed, False otherwise.
    """

    client = speech.SpeechClient()
    # Enhance diarization config with more speaker counts and details
    speaker_diarization_config = speech.SpeakerDiarizationConfig(
        enable_speaker_diarization=True,
        min_speaker_count=2,  # Set minimum number of speakers
        max_speaker_count=2,  # Adjust max speakers based on expected number of speakers
    )

    # Configure recognition with enhanced audio settings
    recognition_config = speech.RecognitionConfig(
        encoding=speech.RecognitionConfig.AudioEncoding.LINEAR16,
        language_code="en-US",
        sample_rate_hertz=8000,
        diarization_config=speaker_diarization_config,
    )

    # Set the remote path for the audio file
    audio = speech.RecognitionAudio(
        uri=audio_uri,
    )

    # Use non-blocking call for getting file transcription
    response = client.long_running_recognize(
        config=recognition_config, audio=audio
    ).result(timeout=300)

    # The transcript within each result is separate and sequential per result.
    # However, the words list within an alternative includes all the words
    # from all the results thus far. Thus, to get all the words with speaker
    # tags, you only have to take the words list from the last result
    result = response.results[-1]
    words_info = result.alternatives[0].words

    # Print the output
    for word_info in words_info:
        print(f"word: '{word_info.word}', speaker_tag: {word_info.speaker_tag}")
    return True