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Mit benutzerdefinierten Attributen abonnieren

Verwendet asynchrone Pull-Zustellung, um Nachrichten mit benutzerdefinierten Attributen zu empfangen.

Weitere Informationen

Eine ausführliche Dokumentation, die dieses Codebeispiel enthält, finden Sie hier:

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Codebeispiel

C++

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für C++ in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub C++ API.

Richten Sie die Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen ein, um sich bei Pub/Sub zu authentifizieren. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Authentifizierung für eine lokale Entwicklungsumgebung einrichten.

namespace pubsub = ::google::cloud::pubsub;
auto sample = [](pubsub::Subscriber subscriber) {
  return subscriber.Subscribe(
      [&](pubsub::Message const& m, pubsub::AckHandler h) {
        std::cout << "Received message with attributes:\n";
        for (auto& kv : m.attributes()) {
          std::cout << "  " << kv.first << ": " << kv.second << "\n";
        }
        std::move(h).ack();
        PleaseIgnoreThisSimplifiesTestingTheSamples();
      });
};

C#

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für C# in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub C# API.


using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class PullMessagesWithCustomAttributesAsyncSample
{
    public async Task<List<PubsubMessage>> PullMessagesWithCustomAttributesAsync(string projectId, string subscriptionId, bool acknowledge)
    {
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.FromProjectSubscription(projectId, subscriptionId);

        SubscriberClient subscriber = await SubscriberClient.CreateAsync(subscriptionName);
        var messages = new List<PubsubMessage>();
        Task startTask = subscriber.StartAsync((PubsubMessage message, CancellationToken cancel) =>
        {
            messages.Add(message);
            string text = message.Data.ToStringUtf8();
            Console.WriteLine($"Message {message.MessageId}: {text}");
            if (message.Attributes != null)
            {
                foreach (var attribute in message.Attributes)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"{attribute.Key} = {attribute.Value}");
                }
            }
            return Task.FromResult(acknowledge ? SubscriberClient.Reply.Ack : SubscriberClient.Reply.Nack);
        });
        // Run for 7 seconds.
        await Task.Delay(7000);
        await subscriber.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None);
        // Lets make sure that the start task finished successfully after the call to stop.
        await startTask;
        return messages;
    }
}

Go

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Go in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub Go API.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub"
)

func pullMsgsCustomAttributes(w io.Writer, projectID, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// subID := "my-sub"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	sub := client.Subscription(subID)

	// Receive messages for 10 seconds, which simplifies testing.
	// Comment this out in production, since `Receive` should
	// be used as a long running operation.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	// Receive blocks until the context is cancelled or an error occurs.
	err = sub.Receive(ctx, func(_ context.Context, msg *pubsub.Message) {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got message :%q\n", string(msg.Data))
		fmt.Fprintln(w, "Attributes:")
		for key, value := range msg.Attributes {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s = %s\n", key, value)
		}
		msg.Ack()
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("sub.Receive: %w", err)
	}

	return nil
}

Java

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Java in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub Java API.


import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.AckReplyConsumer;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.MessageReceiver;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Subscriber;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class SubscribeWithCustomAttributesExample {
  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";

    subscribeWithCustomAttributesExample(projectId, subscriptionId);
  }

  public static void subscribeWithCustomAttributesExample(String projectId, String subscriptionId) {
    ProjectSubscriptionName subscriptionName =
        ProjectSubscriptionName.of(projectId, subscriptionId);

    // Instantiate an asynchronous message receiver.
    MessageReceiver receiver =
        (PubsubMessage message, AckReplyConsumer consumer) -> {
          // Handle incoming message, then ack the received message.
          System.out.println("Id: " + message.getMessageId());
          System.out.println("Data: " + message.getData().toStringUtf8());
          // Print message attributes.
          message
              .getAttributesMap()
              .forEach((key, value) -> System.out.println(key + " = " + value));
          consumer.ack();
        };

    Subscriber subscriber = null;
    try {
      subscriber = Subscriber.newBuilder(subscriptionName, receiver).build();
      // Start the subscriber.
      subscriber.startAsync().awaitRunning();
      System.out.printf("Listening for messages on %s:\n", subscriptionName.toString());
      // Allow the subscriber to run for 30s unless an unrecoverable error occurs.
      subscriber.awaitTerminated(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    } catch (TimeoutException timeoutException) {
      // Shut down the subscriber after 30s. Stop receiving messages.
      subscriber.stopAsync();
    }
  }
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';
// const timeout = 60;

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {PubSub} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use
const pubSubClient = new PubSub();

async function listenWithCustomAttributes(subscriptionNameOrId, timeout) {
  // References an existing subscription, e.g. "my-subscription"
  const subscription = pubSubClient.subscription(subscriptionNameOrId);

  // Create an event handler to handle messages
  const messageHandler = message => {
    console.log(
      `Received message: id ${message.id}, data ${
        message.data
      }, attributes: ${JSON.stringify(message.attributes)}`
    );

    // "Ack" (acknowledge receipt of) the message
    message.ack();
  };

  // Wait a while for the subscription to run. (Part of the sample only.)
  subscription.on('message', messageHandler);
  setTimeout(() => {
    subscription.removeListener('message', messageHandler);
  }, timeout * 1000);
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';
// const timeout = 60;

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
import {Message, PubSub} from '@google-cloud/pubsub';

// Creates a client; cache this for further use
const pubSubClient = new PubSub();

async function listenWithCustomAttributes(
  subscriptionNameOrId: string,
  timeout: number
) {
  // References an existing subscription, e.g. "my-subscription"
  const subscription = pubSubClient.subscription(subscriptionNameOrId);

  // Create an event handler to handle messages
  const messageHandler = (message: Message) => {
    console.log(
      `Received message: id ${message.id}, data ${
        message.data
      }, attributes: ${JSON.stringify(message.attributes)}`
    );

    // "Ack" (acknowledge receipt of) the message
    message.ack();
  };

  // Wait a while for the subscription to run. (Part of the sample only.)
  subscription.on('message', messageHandler);
  setTimeout(() => {
    subscription.removeListener('message', messageHandler);
  }, timeout * 1000);
}

Python

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Python in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub Python API.

from concurrent.futures import TimeoutError
from google.cloud import pubsub_v1

# TODO(developer)
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"
# Number of seconds the subscriber should listen for messages
# timeout = 5.0

subscriber = pubsub_v1.SubscriberClient()
subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project_id, subscription_id)

def callback(message: pubsub_v1.subscriber.message.Message) -> None:
    print(f"Received {message.data!r}.")
    if message.attributes:
        print("Attributes:")
        for key in message.attributes:
            value = message.attributes.get(key)
            print(f"{key}: {value}")
    message.ack()

streaming_pull_future = subscriber.subscribe(subscription_path, callback=callback)
print(f"Listening for messages on {subscription_path}..\n")

# Wrap subscriber in a 'with' block to automatically call close() when done.
with subscriber:
    try:
        # When `timeout` is not set, result() will block indefinitely,
        # unless an exception is encountered first.
        streaming_pull_future.result(timeout=timeout)
    except TimeoutError:
        streaming_pull_future.cancel()  # Trigger the shutdown.
        streaming_pull_future.result()  # Block until the shutdown is complete.

Ruby

Folgen Sie der Einrichtungsanleitung für Ruby in der Kurzanleitung zur Verwendung von Clientbibliotheken, bevor Sie dieses Beispiel anwenden. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in der Referenzdokumentation zur Pub/Sub Ruby API.

# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

pubsub = Google::Cloud::Pubsub.new

subscription = pubsub.subscription subscription_id
subscriber   = subscription.listen do |received_message|
  puts "Received message: #{received_message.data}"
  unless received_message.attributes.empty?
    puts "Attributes:"
    received_message.attributes.each do |key, value|
      puts "#{key}: #{value}"
    end
  end
  received_message.acknowledge!
end

subscriber.start
# Let the main thread sleep for 60 seconds so the thread for listening
# messages does not quit
sleep 60
subscriber.stop.wait!

Nächste Schritte

Informationen zum Suchen und Filtern von Codebeispielen für andere Google Cloud-Produkte finden Sie im Google Cloud-Beispielbrowser.