Configure an external NTP server

This page describes how to configure an external NTP server for Google Distributed Cloud (GDC) air-gapped appliance.

These steps are only required if you want to synchronize the appliance with external time source.

Before you begin

To sync the appliance with an external NTP server, configure the device and install software.

Configure the NTP relay

  1. Determine the IP address that the GDC air-gapped appliance must use to access your NTP server. You might have to adjust your firewall rules to allow the traffic.

  2. Using the root kubeconfig, edit the ntprelay CR in the management plane cluster and add the upstreamServers section.

    kubectl edit ntprelay bi-ntp-relay -n gpc-system
    ntprelay.system.private.gdc.goog/bi-ntp-relay edited
    kubectl get ntprelay bi-ntp-relay -n gpc-system -oyaml
    

    The resulting yaml has an updated .spec section that includes the IP, as shown in the following example:

    apiVersion: system.private.gdc.goog/v1alpha1
    kind: NTPRelay
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: "2025-05-16T08:44:21Z"
      generation: 2
      name: bi-ntp-relay
      namespace: gpc-system
      resourceVersion: "10871409"
      uid: 6cde8e65-791c-4bc6-9a8b-d5c9bf103f8b
    spec:
      upstreamServers:
      - 192.0.2.030
    
  3. Verify the time on each node:

    Wait three minutes to give time to synchronize, then run the following command in the control plane cluster using the root kubeconfig:

    kubectl get pods -l app.kubernetes.io/name=ntp -n ntp-system -o name | xargs -P 0 -I {} kubectl exec {} -n ntp-system -- date; echo
    

    The output displays the time for each node, matching the time of your NTP server. The output looks similar to the following:

    Defaulted container "ntp-image" out of: ntp-image, ntp-node-exporter
    Defaulted container "ntp-image" out of: ntp-image, ntp-node-exporter
    Defaulted container "ntp-image" out of: ntp-image, ntp-node-exporter
    Thu Nov  6 19:39:34 UTC 2025
    Thu Nov  6 19:39:34 UTC 2025
    Thu Nov  6 19:39:34 UTC 2025
    

Debug connectivity issues

If the time does not match, run the following command in the control plane cluster using the root kubeconfig to debug the connectivity to the NTP server:

kubectl get pods -l app.kubernetes.io/name=ntp -n ntp-system -o name | xargs -I {} kubectl exec {} -n ntp-system -- sh -c "chronyc sources -v; echo; chronyc ntpdata"; echo

The output of a healthy connection looks like the following. The IP of the external server starts with ^*. In the data for the source (such as Remote address : 192.0.2.026), TX is the amount of packets sent, and RX is the number received. If RX is 0, this indicates a connectivity issue. Check your firewall to see if the NTP requests are making it through:

  .-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
/ .- Source state '*' = current best, '+' = combined, '-' = not combined,
| /             'x' = may be in error, '~' = too variable, '?' = unusable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* 192.0.2.026                   1   6    17    43   +286ns[  +36us] +/- 1160us
=? 192.0.2.029                 0   6     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns
=? 192.0.2.051                 0   6     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns
=? 192.0.2.059            0   6     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns

Remote address  : 192.0.2.026 (ACC03AF1)
Remote port     : 123
Local address   : 192.0.2.029 (0AA800D5)
Leap status     : Normal
Version         : 4
Mode            : Symmetric passive
Stratum         : 2
Poll interval   : 10 (1024 seconds)
Precision       : -25 (0.000000030 seconds)
Root delay      : 0.000381 seconds
Root dispersion : 0.000397 seconds
Reference ID    : ACC03BDF ()
Reference time  : Thu Nov 06 19:36:31 2025
Offset          : -0.000002443 seconds
Peer delay      : 0.000202604 seconds
Peer dispersion : 0.000000053 seconds
Response time   : 0.000097758 seconds
Jitter asymmetry: -0.37
NTP tests       : 111 111 1111
Interleaved     : No
Authenticated   : No
TX timestamping : Daemon
RX timestamping : Kernel
Total TX        : 67
Total RX        : 67
Total valid RX  : 67
Total good RX   : 67