Membuat Deployment yang Dioptimalkan untuk Container

Contoh lengkap ini menjelaskan cara membuat deployment dengan virtual machine yang menggunakan image yang dioptimalkan untuk container. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya tentang cara menggunakan container dengan Compute Engine, lihat Image Compute Engine yang Dioptimalkan untuk Container.

Panduan ini menjelaskan cara:

1. Buat manifes container sederhana.
2. Membuat konfigurasi dan template yang menggunakan image container.
3. Deploy resource Anda dan pastikan deployment berhasil.

Membuat manifes container

Untuk menggunakan container, Anda harus menentukan manifes container. Manifes menjelaskan properti seperti image container, container yang akan diluncurkan, perintah untuk dijalankan saat booting, dan port yang akan diaktifkan.

Buat file bernama container_manifest.yaml dengan konten berikut:

# Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# This is a container manifest, as described here:
#   https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/containers/container_vms
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: simple-echo
spec:
  containers:
    - name: simple-echo
      image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:2.0
      imagePullPolicy: Always
      ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
          hostPort: 8080

Manifes ini membuat penampung bernama simple-echo yang menggunakan image container Hello Application dan meluncurkan server echo yang memantau port 8080.

Membuat template dan konfigurasi

Selanjutnya, buat template yang meluncurkan instance virtual machine dengan image yang dioptimalkan untuk container. Buat file bernama container_vm.[jinja|py] dengan konten berikut:

Jinja

{% set COMPUTE_URL_BASE = 'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/' %}
{% set BASE_NAME = env['deployment'] + '-' + env['name'] %}

{% macro GlobalComputeUrl(project, collection, name) -%}
{{ COMPUTE_URL_BASE }}projects/{{ project }}/global/{{ collection }}/{{ name }}
{%- endmacro %}

{% macro ZonalComputeUrl(project, zone, collection, name) -%}
{{ COMPUTE_URL_BASE }}projects/{{ project }}/zones/{{ zone }}/{{ collection }}/{{ name }}
{%- endmacro %}

resources:
- name: {{ BASE_NAME }}
  type: compute.v1.instance
  properties:
    zone: {{ properties['zone'] }}
    machineType: {{ ZonalComputeUrl(env['project'], properties['zone'], 'machineTypes', 'n1-standard-1') }}
    metadata:
      items:
        - key: gce-container-declaration
          value: |
            {{ imports[properties['containerManifest']]|indent(12) }}
    disks:
      - deviceName: boot
        type: PERSISTENT
        autoDelete: true
        boot: true
        initializeParams:
          diskName: {{ BASE_NAME }}-disk
          sourceImage: {{ GlobalComputeUrl('cos-cloud', 'images', properties['containerImage']) }}
    networkInterfaces:
      - accessConfigs:
          - name: external-nat
            type: ONE_TO_ONE_NAT
        network: {{ GlobalComputeUrl(env['project'],  'networks', 'default') }}
    serviceAccounts:
      - email: default
        scopes:
        - https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write
        - https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.write

Python

# Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""Creates a Container VM with the provided Container manifest."""

COMPUTE_URL_BASE = 'https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/'

def GlobalComputeUrl(project, collection, name):
  return ''.join([COMPUTE_URL_BASE, 'projects/', project,
                  '/global/', collection, '/', name])

def ZonalComputeUrl(project, zone, collection, name):
  return ''.join([COMPUTE_URL_BASE, 'projects/', project,
                  '/zones/', zone, '/', collection, '/', name])

def GenerateConfig(context):
  """Generate configuration."""

  res = []
  base_name = (context.env['deployment'] + '-' +
               context.env['name'])

  # Properties for the container-based instance.
  instance = {
      'zone': context.properties['zone'],
      'machineType': ZonalComputeUrl(context.env['project'],
                                     context.properties['zone'],
                                     'machineTypes',
                                     'n1-standard-1'),
      'metadata': {
          'items': [{
              'key': 'gce-container-declaration',
              'value': context.imports[
                  context.properties['containerManifest']],
              }]
      },
      'disks': [{
          'deviceName': 'boot',
          'type': 'PERSISTENT',
          'autoDelete': True,
          'boot': True,
          'initializeParams': {
              'diskName': base_name + '-disk',
              'sourceImage': GlobalComputeUrl('cos-cloud',
                                              'images',
                                              context.properties[
                                                  'containerImage'])
              },
      }],
      'networkInterfaces': [{
          'accessConfigs': [{
              'name': 'external-nat',
              'type': 'ONE_TO_ONE_NAT'
              }],
          'network': GlobalComputeUrl(context.env['project'],
                                      'networks',
                                      'default')
      }],
      'serviceAccounts': [{
          'email': 'default',
          'scopes': [
            "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/logging.write",
            "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/monitoring.write"
          ]
      }]
  }
  res.append({
      'name': base_name,
      'type': 'compute.v1.instance',
      'properties': instance
  })
  # Resources to return.
  resources = {
      'resources': res,
  }

  return resources

Buat file skema yang sesuai, yang menerapkan struktur template:

Jinja

# Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

info:
  title: Container VM
  author: Google Inc.
  description: Creates a Container VM with the provided Container manifest.

required:
  - zone
  - containerImage
  - containerManifest

properties:
  zone:
    description: Zone in which this VM will run
    type: string
  containerImage:
    description: Name of the Google Cloud Container VM Image
    type: string
  containerManifest:
    description: String containing the Container Manifest in YAML
    type: string

Python

# Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

info:
  title: Container VM
  author: Google Inc.
  description: Creates a Container VM with the provided Container manifest.

required:
  - zone
  - containerImage
  - containerManifest

properties:
  zone:
    description: Zone in which this VM will run
    type: string
  containerImage:
    description: Name of the Google Cloud Container VM Image
    type: string
  containerManifest:
    description: String containing the Container Manifest in YAML
    type: string

Perhatikan bahwa ada sejumlah parameter yang ditentukan dalam template ini termasuk:

• Variabel lingkungan deployment, name, dan project. Deployment Manager akan otomatis mengisi variabel tersebut tanpa tindakan tambahan dari Anda.
• Properti zone, containerImage, dan containerManifest yang akan ditentukan dalam konfigurasi.

Buat file konfigurasi bernama container_vm.yaml yang terlihat seperti berikut:

Jinja

# Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

imports:
- path: ../../common/container_manifest.yaml
  name: container_manifest
- path: container_vm.jinja

resources:
  - name: my-container-vm
    type: container_vm.jinja
    properties:
      zone: ZONE_TO_RUN
      containerImage: family/cos-stable
      containerManifest: container_manifest

Python

# Copyright 2016 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

imports:
- path: ../../common/container_manifest.yaml
  name: container_manifest
- path: container_vm.py

resources:
  - name: my-container-vm
    type: container_vm.py
    properties:
      zone: ZONE_TO_RUN
      containerImage: family/cos-stable
      containerManifest: container_manifest

Pastikan untuk mengganti ZONE_TO_RUN dengan zona yang diinginkan untuk mesin virtual Anda. Perhatikan bahwa file tersebut juga telah menentukan image container yang akan digunakan dan manifes container yang telah Anda buat sebelumnya.

Men-deploy instance virtual machine Anda

Terakhir, deploy instance virtual machine Anda menggunakan Google Cloud CLI:

gcloud deployment-manager deployments create my-container-deployment \
  --config container_vm.yaml

Setelah deployment dibuat, Anda dapat melihat detail deployment Anda. Contoh:

$ gcloud deployment-manager deployments describe my-container-deployment
creationTimestamp: '2015-04-02T12:24:31.645-07:00'
fingerprint: ''
id: '8602410885927938432'
manifest: https://www.googleapis.com/deploymentmanager/v2/projects/myproject/global/deployments/my-container-deployment/manifests/manifest-1428002671645
name: my-container-deployment
state: DEPLOYED
resources:
NAME                                     TYPE                 ID                   UPDATE_STATE  ERRORS
my-container-deployment-my-container-vm  compute.v1.instance  3775082612632070557  COMPLETED     -

Memastikan instance Anda sudah berjalan

Untuk menguji apakah instance container Anda dimulai, buka alamat IP eksternal mesin virtual di browser Anda, yang akan mencetak hello world:

1. Tambahkan aturan firewall Compute Engine agar Anda dapat membuat kueri traffic di virtual machine melalui port 8080:

   gcloud compute firewall-rules create allow-8080 --allow tcp:8080
   

2. Dapatkan alamat IP eksternal instance Anda:

   $ gcloud compute instances describe my-container-deployment-my-container-vm
   ...
   name: my-container-vm-my-container-deployment
   networkInterfaces:
   - accessConfigs:
     - kind: compute#accessConfig
       name: external-nat
       natIP: 104.197.8.138
       type: ONE_TO_ONE_NAT
     name: nic0
     network: https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/global/networks/default
     networkIP: 10.240.97.220
   scheduling:
     automaticRestart: true
     onHostMaintenance: MIGRATE
   selfLink: https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/zones/us-central1-a/instances/my-container-deployment-my-container-vm
   status: RUNNING
   tags:
     fingerprint: 42WmSpB8rSM=
   zone: https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/myproject/zones/us-central1-a
   ...

   Dalam hal ini, IP eksternalnya adalah 104.197.8.138.

3. Di jendela browser, masukkan IP eksternal dan port 8080 di kolom browser. Misalnya, 104.197.8.138:8080.

   Jika berhasil, Anda akan melihat pesan hello world.

(Opsional) Menghapus deployment Anda

Jika Anda ingin menghemat biaya dan tidak lagi menginginkan atau memerlukan deployment, hapus deployment Anda.

gcloud deployment-manager deployments delete my-container-deployment

Langkah selanjutnya

Pelajari Deployment Manager lebih lanjut di Panduan Pengguna Lengkap atau melalui API.

Cobalah beberapa tutorial lainnya:

• Membuat aplikasi buku catatan ber-load balanced.
• Membuat aplikasi buku catatan HTTP yang di-load balanced.